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目的:探讨血降钙素原、D-二聚体与乳酸3种生物标记物评价脓毒血症患者预后的临床价值。方法:56例脓毒血症患者按预后分为生存组和死亡组,比较发病早期血降钙素原、D-二聚体、乳酸水平及APACHEⅡ评分,并建立ROC曲线观察标记物对预后评估的临床价值。结果:3种标记物水平和APACHEⅡ评分在2组患者均有明显差异,3种标记物水平与APACHEⅡ评分存在明显相关;标记物阳性项目越多,病死率越高;3项标记物预测死亡的ROC曲线下面积在0.72~0.79之间。结论:血降钙素原、D-二聚体和乳酸水平均对患者的死亡有较好的预测意义,联合检测可提高预测的敏感性。  相似文献   

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王岚  蔡柏蔷 《国际呼吸杂志》2008,28(23):1460-1463
慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期(acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases,AECOPD)抗生素治疗仍存争议.最新研究表明在AECOPD中,动态监测降钙素原(procalcitonin,PCT)水平对抗生素的应用有明确的指导作用,可以减少不必要的抗生素应用,缩短应用时间,防止耐药.PCT指导策略在被建议成为全球AECOPD抗生素治疗方案之前,尚面临几个关键问题有待解决.  相似文献   

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Background

Midregional proadrenomedullin (MR-proADM) is a prognostic biomarker in patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and sepsis. In this paper, we examined the ability of MR-proADM to predict organ damage and long-term mortality in sepsis patients, compared to that of procalcitonin, C-reactive protein and lactate.

Methods

This was a prospective observational cohort, enrolling severe sepsis or septic shock patients admitted to internal service department. The association between biomarkers and 90-day mortality was assessed by Cox regression analysis and Kaplan–Meier curves. The accuracy of biomarkers for mortality was determined by area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) analysis.

Results

A total of 148 patients with severe sepsis, according to the criteria of the campaign to survive sepsis, were enrolled. Eighty-five (57.4%) had sepsis according to the new criteria of Sepsis-3. MR-proADM showed the best AUROC to predict sepsis as defined by the Sepsis-3 criteria (AUROC of 0.771, 95% CI 0.692–0.850, p <0.001) and was the only marker independently associated with Sepsis-3 criteria (OR = 4.78, 95% CI 2.25–10.14; p < 0.001) in multivariate analysis.MR-proADM was the biomarker with the best AUROC to predict mortality in 90 days (AUROC of 0.731, CI 95% 0.612–0.850, p <0.001) and was the only marker that kept its independence [hazard ratio (HR) of 1.4, 95% CI 1.2-1.64, p <0.001] in multivariate analysis. The cut-off point of MR-proADM of 1.8 nmol/L (HR of 4.65, 95% CI 6.79–10.1, p < 0.001) was the one that had greater discriminative capacity to predict 90 days mortality. All patients with MR-proADM concentrations ≤0.60 nmol/L survived up to 90 days. In patients with SOFA ≤ 6, the addition of MR-proADM to SOFA score increased the ability of SOFA to identify non-survivors, AUROC of 0.65 (CI 95% 0.537–0.764) and AUROC of 0.700 (CI 95% 0.594–0.800), respectively (p < 0.05 for both).

Conclusions

MR-proADM is a good biomarker in the early identification of high risk septic patients and may contribute to improve the predictive capacity of SOFA scale, especially when scores are low.  相似文献   

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BackgroundAntimicrobial stewardship (AMS) programs are effective strategies for optimizing antimicrobial use. We aimed to assess AMS programs implemented in acute-care trusts of the region of Piedmont, Northern Italy.MethodsAMS programs were investigated via a survey addressing structure, process and outcome indicators. For outcome indicators, annual means for the years 2017-2019 were considered, as well as the percentage change between 2017 and 2019. Outcome indicators were investigated in relation to structure and process scores using Spearman correlation.ResultsIn total, 25 AMS programs were surveyed. Higher scores were achieved for process over structure indicators. Improvements in alcohol-based handrub usage (+30%), total antimicrobial usage (-4%), and percentages of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae over invasive isolates (respectively -16 and -23%) were found between 2017 and 2019. Significant correlations were found between structure score and percentage change in total antimicrobial usage and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae over invasive isolates (Spearman's ρ -0.603, P .006 and ρ -0.433, P .044 respectively).DiscussionThis study identified areas for improvement: accountability, microbiological laboratory quality management and feedback to clinicians. Improving the organization of AMS programs in particular should be prioritized.ConclusionRepeated measurements of structure and process indicators will be important to guide continuing quality improvement efforts.  相似文献   

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Zusammenfassung Procalcitonin ist das hormonell inaktive Propeptid des Calcitonins. Bei Gesunden wird Procalcitonin in den C-Zellen der Schilddrüse produziert und proteolytisch gespalten, so da? der Serumspiegel unter 0,1 ng/ml liegt. Bei schweren generalisierten Infektionen (durch Bakterien, Pilze oder Parasiten) mit systemischer Manifestation werden PCT-Serumspiegel bis zu 100 ng/ml erreicht. Schwere virale Infektionen und nicht-infektionsbedingte inflammatorische Reaktionen hingegen führen zu keiner oder nur geringer PCT-Erh?hung. Der Syntheseort dieses Procalcitonins ist noch unbekannt, sicher ist aber, da? auch sehr ausgepr?gte Erh?hungen des Serumprocalcitoninspiegels nicht zu einem Ansteigen des Serumcalcitoninspiegels oder erh?hter Calcitoninaktivit?t führen. Procalcitoninverlaufskontrollen scheinen bei Patienten nützlich, die gef?hrdet sind, eine systemische Infektion bzw. Sepsis zu entwickeln. Ansteigende oder permanent erh?hte PCT-Werte stellen die Indikation für eine weitere Infektionsdiagnostik (Focussuche) dar. Die Procalcitoninbestimmung kann zur Unterscheidung zwischen infekti?sen und nichtinfekti?sen Ursachen bei der Differentialdiagnose von Erkrankungen, die mit den Zeichen der systemischen Inflammation einhergehen, hilfreich sein. Dies gilt auch für die Unterscheidung zwischen der infekti?s-cholestatischen versus alkohol-toxischen Pankreatitis, des infekti?sen versus nichtinfekti?sen ARDS sowie in der Transplantationsmedizin zur Unterscheidung zwischen Absto?ungsreaktionen und schweren infekti?sen Komplikationen. Desweiteren kann PCT zur Differenzierung zwischen viraler und bakterieller Meningitis bei Kindern und Neugeborenen genutzt werden. Um diesen neuen Parameter schwerer Infektionen und Sepsis sinnvoll einsetzen zu k?nnen, müssen einige Einschr?nkungen bekannt sein. Erstens ist ein PCT-Anstieg bei lokal begrenzten Entzündungen ohne Zeichen der Generalisierung nicht oder nur in geringem Ma?e zu verzeichnen. Zweitens, obwohl der Procalcitoninspiegel w?hrend schwerer Infektionen bzw. Sepsis bei erfolgreicher Therapie absinken kann, zeigt dies nicht immer die vollst?ndige Eradikation des Focus der Infektion an, sondern nur die abnehmende Generalisierung der Infektion. Schlu?folgerung: Procalcitonin k?nnte sich als valider Indikator für das Auftreten und den Schweregrad systemischer Infektionen erweisen. Es sind weitere Untersuchungen notwendig, um zu kl?ren, welche Rolle PCT im Pathomechanismus der Sepsis besitzt, d. h. ob es über spezielle immunologische Eigenschaften verfügt. Eingegangen: 28. April 1997 Akzeptiert: 5. Mai 1997  相似文献   

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《Acute cardiac care》2013,15(1):30-36
Objective: Procalcitonin (PCT) is released in severe bacterial infections, sepsis and in infection independent cases such as major surgery, multiple trauma, cardiogenic shock, burns, resuscitation, and after cardiac surgery. The aim of this study was to determine the levels and the kinetics of PCT in AMI and to investigate their possible correlation with the release of IL‐6 and CRP. Design‐Patients: The study included 60 patients (47 men, 63.2±14.8 years) with the diagnosis of AMI at admission. In all patients, serum levels of PCT, IL‐6, CK‐MB, TnI and CRP were measured at admission, at 3, 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72?h and at the seventh day. Results: PCT was elevated in all patients with AMI. It was initially detected in serum approximately 2–3?h after the onset of the symptoms. The median value at admission was 1.3?ng/ml (95% CI: 0.89 to 1.80). The value of PCT showed an increase and reached a plateau after 12–24?h. The median value at 24?h was 3.57?ng/ml (95% CI: 2.89 to 4.55). PCT values fell to baseline (<0.5?ng/ml) by the seventh day. PCT was detected in serum earlier than CK‐MB or TnI in 56 of the 60 patients (93.3%). The kinetics of PCT was similar to those of CK‐MB and TnI. The maximal values of PCT were positively correlated with the maximal values of IL‐6 (r = 0.59, P = 0.00) and of CRP (r = 0.65, P = 0.001). The maximal values of IL‐6 were positively correlated with max CRP (r = 0.35, P = 0.045). Conclusions: PCT could be considered as a novel sensitive myocardial index. Its release in AMI is probably due to the inflammatory process that occurs during AMI.  相似文献   

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