149例健康小儿血清锌正常参考值测定

本文介绍一种用火焰原子吸收光谱法(AAS)测定149例不同年龄组健康小儿微量耳血血清锌含量正常参考值,其结果2～14岁X±SD为12.62±1.85μmol/L,1岁内血清锌含量低X±SD为10.07±2.26μmol/L,并对其结果进行了分析讨论。     

海口市学龄前儿童全血微量元素含量分析

目的　了解海口市区学龄前儿童全血中微量元素钙、铁、铜、锌、镁及铅的含量。　方法　采集1 000名6岁以下健康儿童的全血,应用火焰原子吸收分光光度法和石墨炉吸收分光光度法进行测定。　结果　钙、铁、铜、锌、镁及铅的含量均值分别为(1 .45±0. 10)mmol/L、(6. 97±0 86)μmol/L、(15. 9±3. 2)μmol/L、(88. 7±22. 2)μmol/L、(1 .33±0 .07)mmol/L,(296. 3±131 .3)nmol/L。~6岁组儿童铁、铜含量高于~3岁组和~1岁组;锌、镁含量~6岁组儿童低于~3岁组和~1岁组;钙、铅含量3组儿童无明显差异;经统计学处理显示海口市~6岁组、~3岁组和~1岁组儿童全血中铁、铜、锌与镁含量差异有显著性。　结论　元素铁、铜的含量随儿童年龄的增长而增高;锌、镁的含量随儿童年龄的增长而降低。     

宁夏山区学龄前儿童血清锌含量分析

目的 :观察宁夏山区儿童微量元素锌的含量水平。方法 :采用SpectrAA30型原子吸收分光光度计检测血清中微量元素锌。结果 :山区儿童男、女性血锌值分别为 0 933± 0 .2 15mg/L、0 937± 0 2 13mg/L ,统计学处理P >0 0 5 ;回、汉族儿童血锌值为 0 915± 0 2 0 9mg/L、0 943± 0 2 15mg/L ,统计学处理P <0 0 5 0～ 3岁和 4～ 6岁儿童血锌值为 0 917±0 2 15mg/L ,0 939± 0 2 14mg/L ,统计学处理P >0 0 5。结论 :1)宁夏山区学龄前儿童血锌平均含量为 0 934± 0 2 15mg/L。2 )回、汉儿童血清锌含量差别显著。 3)男、女儿童之间差别不显著。     

略阳县儿童锌含量调查分析

目的:了解山区儿童体内锌元素含量,关注儿童锌营养状况,为山区儿童健康饮食指导提供科学依据。方法:采末梢血,用BH-5100型原子吸收光谱仪对略阳县部分0岁～6岁儿童进行全血锌含量测定。结果:0岁～2岁儿童锌含量降低者占30.04%,3岁～4岁儿童锌含量降低者占39.10%,5岁～6岁者锌含量降低者占26.85%。说明年龄越小,缺锌状况相对严重,随着年龄的增长,缺锌状况得到较大的改善。结论:0岁～4岁是儿童锌缺乏的重要年龄段,应重点关注这个年龄段儿童的锌营养状况,及早发现锌的缺乏并及时采取治疗措施。     

宁夏银南地区2543名0～7岁儿童血清锌水平的分析

目的 :对宁夏银南地区 0～ 7岁儿童血清锌含量进行分析。方法 :用原子吸收光谱法测定银南地区儿童微量耳垂血血清微量元素锌。结果 :男女儿童血清锌值无显著差异 (P >0 0 5 ) ;银南地区高于银川地区 (P <0 0 0 1) ;0～ 3岁组高于3～ 7岁组 (P >0 0 5 )。结论 :测得该地区男女 (0～ 7岁 )儿童血清锌值 ( x±s) 0 846 6± 0 0 719μg/ml。血清锌值检测对了解儿童体内锌含量 ,诊断和治疗某些缺锌所致疾病具有指导意义。     

成都双流地区健康儿童全血五种元素含量分析

目的比较不同年龄组健康儿童全血钙、镁、铁、铜、锌含量,为本地区临床评估提供参考。方法用原子吸收光谱仪对本地健康儿童不同年龄段共1590人全血钙、镁、铁、铜、锌含量测定与分析。结果不同年龄段儿童全血钙、镁、铁、铜、锌含量,钙:0-7岁(1.94±0.25)mmol/L,7-12岁1.77±0.22mmol/L;镁:0-12岁1.66±0.16mmol/L;铁:0-1岁8.08±0.94mmol/L,1-4岁8.40±0.85mmol/L,4-12岁8.65±0.96mmol/L;铜:0-1岁16.17±3.61umol/L,1-4岁16.76±3.43umol/L,4-7岁15.54±3.23umol/L,7-12岁14.52±3.53umol/L;锌:0-1/2岁59.08±14.90umol/L,1/2-1岁64.73±14.12umol/L,1-2岁73.37±13.90umol/L,2-4岁82.87±16.51umol/L,4-7岁86.11±15.60umol/L,7-12岁90.78±13.04umol/L。结论儿童全血钙、镁、铁、铜含量同年龄段男女间差异无统计学意义(p>0.05);血锌无性别分布差异,与年龄呈正相关(r=0.871,p<0.01)。     

火焰原子吸收光谱法测定学龄前儿童全血锌

锌与多种酶、激素的合成有关[1],是人体必需的微量元素,尤其是对婴幼儿来说,锌的缺乏与否,关系到孩子身体、智力的发育及免疫功能的健全,所以防止小儿缺锌已越来越引起人们的重视.指血锌容易受组织液的影响,火焰原子吸收光谱法(FAAS)测定血清锌是目前最常用的方法[2].但血清锌取血量多,而全血锌取血量少,受影响因素少,操作简单,儿童也易接受.因而,笔者对1 731名南宁市0～6岁儿童采用火焰原子吸收光谱法(FAAS)测定静脉血全血锌,结果满意,现报道如下.     

略阳县儿童锌含量调查分析

目的：了解山区儿童体内锌元素含量，关注儿童锌营养状况，为山区儿童健康饮食指导提供科学依据。方法：采末梢血，用BH-5100型原子吸收光谱仪对略阳县部分0岁～6岁儿童进行全血锌含量测定。结果：0岁～2岁儿童锌含量降低者占30．04％，3岁～4岁儿童锌含量降低者占39，10％，5岁～6岁者锌含量降低者占26，85％。说明年龄越小，缺锌状况相对严重，随着年龄的增长，缺锌状况得到较大的改善。结论：0岁～4岁是儿童锌缺乏的重要年龄段，应重点关注这个年龄段儿童的锌营养状况，及早发现锌的缺乏并及时采取治疗措施。     

肺炎患儿血清和尿中锌、铜含量变化

目的　观察肺炎患儿血、尿中微量元素锌 (Zn)、铜 (Cu)含量的变化。方法　应用OLYMPUS 10 0 0型全自动生化分析仪 ,采用比色法检测 4 8例肺炎患儿及 5 1例健康儿童血清、尿中锌、铜含量。结果　健康儿童组血清中锌含量为 ( 18.37± 2 .76 ) μmol/L ,铜含量为 ( 15 .38± 4 .0 3) μmol/L ,铜 /锌比值为 0 .95± 0 .2 8;尿中锌含量为 ( 3.91± 0 .86 ) μmol/L ,铜含量为 ( 0 .8± 0 .35 ) μmol/L。肺炎患儿组血清中锌含量为 ( 12 .4 5± 3.32 ) μmol/L ,铜含量为 ( 17.97± 7.16 ) μmol/L ,铜 /锌比值为 1.4 5± 0 .4 2 ;尿中锌含量为 ( 3.0 5± 1.14 ) μmol/L ,铜含量为 ( 0 .6 9± 0 .31) μmol/L。肺炎组血清、尿中锌含量较健康组明显降低 ,差异有显著意义 (P <0 .0 1) ,血清中铜含量及铜 /锌比值均有明显升高 ,差异有显著意义 (P分别 <0 .0 5、<0 .0 1) ,尿中铜无显著差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论　肺炎患儿血清、尿中锌含量降低 ,血清铜浓度增高 ,对指导临床治疗具有参考价值     

吡啶偶氮酚比色法应用于自动生化分析仪测定血清锌

目的　将吡啶偶氮酚 (5 Br PAPS)比色法应用于自动生化分析仪 (简称本法 )测定血清锌 ,以寻求简便、易行的测定血清锌的方法。方法　用本法对 12 2 2例入托体检正常儿童进行血清锌测定 ,同时用火焰原子吸收分光光度法测定作为对照。统计方法采用卡方检验。结果　用本法检测的显色络合物最大吸收峰为 5 60nm ,线性范围 0～ 5 9.98μmol·L-1,回收率98.7%～ 10 4.5 % ,批内CV =2 .5 % ,批间CV =3 .0 4%。本法与火焰原子吸收分光光度法比较 ,r =0 .970 ,P <0 .0 0 1,两法具有良好的相关性。用本法调查 12 2 2例入托体检正常儿童血清锌 ,平均值为 (12 .61± 2 .2 4) μmol·L-1。结论　使用本法测定血清锌可以取代手工比色法和火焰原子吸收分光光度法 ,能满足临床需要 ,试剂易得 ,显色稳定、敏感 ,且省力、省时 ,具有推广应用价值     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.