基质衍生因子1等基因多态性在人群中的分布

目的　探讨SDF1-3’A、CCR2 -64I、-2 518MCP -1基因多态性在皖籍汉族人群中的分布。方法　运用PCR -RFLP方法确定SDF1-3 /A和 -2 518MCP -1基因多态性 ,运用ARMS方法确定CCR2 -64I基因多态性。结果　皖籍汉族人 -2 518MCP -1G等位基因突变频率为 64% ,高于西班牙人、美国黑人、高加索人 ,均有显著性差异(P <0 0 1)。CCR2 -64I等位基因突变频率为 2 5% ,高于美国黑人和高加索人 (P <0 0 1)。SDF1-3’A等位基因突变频率为 2 2 % ,高于美国黑人 ,但与国内其他地区均无显著性差异 (P <0 0 5)。结论　皖籍汉族人 -2 518MCP -1、CCR2 -64I、SDF1-3’A等位基因突变频率有别于其他人种     

HIV-1感染相关基因突变频率及多态性研究

目的 研究山东省济南市人群中与人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)-1感染相关的CCR2～64I和SDF1-3′A等位基因的突变频率和多态性特点。方法 以234例济南市普通人群为研究对象，来自商河和章丘2个县，其中无1例是HIV感染者，从上述人群外周血的外周血单干核细胞(PBMC)中抽提基因组DNA，然后应用PCR／限制性片断长度多态性(RFLP)检测去化因子受体(CCR)2．64I和基质细胞衍生因子(SDF)1．3多态性。结果 济南市人群中存在CCR2．64I和SDF1-3′A等位基因突变，2种突变频率分别为20．25％和21．00％，两等位基因型的分布均符合HardyWeinberg平衡。结论 济南市人群CCR2．64I和SDF1-3′A等位基因的突变频率较高，人群对HIV-1感染的遗传易感性相对较低。     

人类免疫缺陷病毒1感染相关的基因多态性在中国汉族人群中的分布

目的　调查中国汉族人群中人类免疫缺陷病毒 1(HIV 1)感染相关的CCR5△ 32、CCR2 6 4I和SDF1 3’A等位基因突变频率和多态性的特点。方法　以 12 5 1例汉族人群为研究对象 ,应用PCR、PCR/RFLP(聚合酶链反应 /限制性片段长度多态性分析 )和DNA直接测序等方法进行检测 ,并用统计学方法进行分析。结果　发现中国汉族人群中存在CCR5△ 32等位基因突变 (均为杂合子基因型 ) ,突变频率为 0 .0 0 119,和西欧及美国白人相比 ,中国人群中CCR5△ 32基因突变频率极低 ,而CCR2 6 4I和SDF1 3’A基因突变频率相对较高 ,分别为 0 .2 0 0 2 3和 0 .2 872 3。结论　中国汉族人群的CCR5△ 32、CCR2 6 4I和SDF1 3’A等位基因的突变和多态性特点 ,具有一定的代表性。由于CCR5△ 32突变率低 ,中国汉族人群对性接触传播的HIV 1病毒 (R5 )株可能有较大的遗传易感性     

中国HIV-1感染者相关基因SDF1、CCR2b、CCR5多态性分析

目的：分析91例中国HIV－1感染人群SDF1、CCR2b、CCR5等位基因型的多态性和分布特点。方法：应用聚合酶链反应（PCR）、限制性片段长度多态性（RFLP）分析技术和核酸测序技术分析HIV－1感染人群SDF1、CCR2b、CCR5基因多态性。结果：未发现91例中国HIV－1感染有CCR5△32突变型基因，SDF1－3′A、CCR2b－64I等位基因突变频率分别为26．40％、21．43％，核酸测序结果与PCR／RFLP分析结果一致。结论：91例中国HIV－1感染较为易感，中国HIV－1感染SDF1、CCR2b、CCR5不同基因型分布特点，提示，中国人群可能对HIV－1有较大易感性。     

云南省景颇族人群HIV-1感染相关基因多态性研究

目的:了解云南省景颇族人群与HIV-1感染相关基因CCR5-Δ32、CCR2-64I、SDF1-3′A的频率和多态性分布。方法:以云南省113例景颇族人群为研究对象,采用PCR、PCB/RFLP(聚合酶链式反应/限制性片段长度多态性分析)计算基因频率,并用统计学方法进行分析。结果:未发现CCR5-Δ32突变;CCR2-64I突变基因频率为16.37％;SDF1-3′G/3′G突变基因频率为17.70％,突变基因频率低于汉族。结论:由于未发现CCR5-Δ32突变和SDF1-3′G/3′G等位基因频率较低,云南省景颇族人群可能比汉族人对HIV-1(包括R5和X4HIV-1)有较大的遗传易感性。     

四川彝族人群HIV-1辅助受体CCR5△32和CCR2-64I基因多态性分析

目的了解中国四川彝族人群艾滋病病毒-1(HIV-1)辅助受体CCR5△32和CCR2．64I基因多态性特点。方法提取119份彝族正常人和88份HIV-1感染人群外周血基因组DNA。用聚合酶链反应(PCR)方法检测CCR5△32突变,阳性产物经克隆、测序进一步证实;用PCR-限制性片段长度多态性技术检测CCR2．64I突变,并测序验证。结果119份正常人样本中,CCR5 wt／△32等位基因突变杂合子2例(1．68％),未检测到CCR5△32／△32突变纯合子,CCR5△32等位基因频率为0．0084;CCR2-64I突变杂合子26例(21．85％),突变纯合子2例(1．68％),等位基因频率为01261。88份HIV-1感染者样本中,未检测到CCR5△32突变;CCR2．64I突变杂合子12例(13．64％),突变纯合子7例(7．95％),等位基因频率为0．1327。统计分析表明,上述等位基因多态性在该群体中均呈Hardy-Weinberg平衡分布;两种等位基因的突变频率在正常人和感染人群中的差异均无统计学意义。结论研究获得了中国四川彝族人群CCR5△32、CCR2-64I等位基因多态性资料,结果有助于综合评估中国人群对HIV-1感染的遗传易感性,同时为深入研究HIV-1抗性基因在中国不同民族的HIV感染及发病机制中的作用奠定基础。     

亚洲人群中SDF1-3’A和CCR2-64I基因的多态性与HIV-1感染相关性的Meta分析

目的探讨SDF1-3’A和CCR2-64I基因的多态性与HIV-1感染之间的关联性。方法检索国内外有关SDF1-3’A和CCR2-64I基因的多态性与HIV感染相关性的病例对照研究文献进行Meta分析。结果符合CCR2-64I入选条件的文献有13篇,20个研究,总共有5578例样本,其中病例有2898例,健康对照有2680例,当CCR2-64I基因所入选的研究全部合并在一起时,在所有模型中没有发现其显著相关性（CY vs. CC: OR = 0.97,95% CI = 0.85-1.09; CY + YY vs. YY: OR = 1.00,95% CI = 0.89-1.13;YY vs. CC：OR = 1.28,95% CI = 0.97-1.69）。符合SDF1-3’A入选条件的文献13篇,19个研究,总共有4854例,其中病例有2281例,健康对照有2573例,在整个和亚组分析中没有发现其显著相关性。而在印度人群发现高度的异质性。结论亚洲人群CCR2-64I两种抗性基因与HIV-1感染之间无相关性;中国人群SDF1-3’A与HIV-1感染之间无相关性;印度人群SDF1-3’A与HIV-1感染之间是否有相关性仍需作进一步的研究。     

亚洲人群中SDF1-3’A和CCR2-64I基因的多态性与HIV-1感染相关性的Meta分析

目的探讨SDF1-3’A和CCR2-64I基因的多态性与HIV-1感染之间的关联性。方法检索国内外有关SDF1-3’A和CCR2-64I基因的多态性与HIV感染相关性的病例对照研究文献进行Meta分析。结果符合CCR2-64I入选条件的文献有13篇,20个研究,总共有5 578例样本,其中病例有2 898例,健康对照有2 680例,当CCR2-64I基因所入选的研究全部合并在一起时,在所有模型中没有发现其显著相关性(CY vs.CC:OR=0.97,95%CI=0.85~1.09;CY+YY vs.YY:OR=1.00,95%CI=0.89~1.13;YY vs.CC:OR=1.28,95%CI=0.97~1.69)。符合SDF1-3’A入选条件的文献13篇,19个研究,总共有4 854例,其中病例有2 281例,健康对照有2 573例,在整个和亚组分析中没有发现其显著相关性。而在印度人群发现高度的异质性。结论亚洲人群CCR2-64I两种抗性基因与HIV-1感染之间无相关性;中国人群SDF1-3’A与HIV-1感染之间无相关性;印度人群SDF1-3’A与HIV-1感染之间是否有相关性仍需作进一步的研究。     

广西仫佬、壮和汉三民族HIV辅助受体CCR5基因多态性研究

目的了解广西仫佬、壮和汉三民族人群中HIV辅助受体CCR5△32和CCR5-894C缺失等位基因突变频率和多态性的特点,为评估这三个民族人群对HIV的遗传易感性和艾滋病的防治提供理论依据。方法以197例仫佬族,100例壮族和100例汉族为研究对象,应用PCR和DNA测序等方法检测CCR5△32和CCR5-894C缺失突变体。结果未发现CCR5△32和CCR5-894C缺失突变体,均为野生型。结论由于未发现CCR5△32和CCR5-894C缺失突变体,推测广西仫佬、壮和汉三民族人群对HIV-1病毒感染可能具有较大的遗传易感性。     

HIV-1辅助受体及配体基因多态性在新疆高危人群中的分布

CD4分子和一些辅助受体是HIV-1识别、黏附并入侵宿主细胞所必需的.CCR5和CXCR4是HIV-1最主要的2个辅助受体,此外一些HIV还可利用CCR2等作为辅助受体.研究发现,这些辅助受体及其配体的某些基因多态性与HIV-1易感和/或疾病进展相关[1].影响HIV-1易感性及AIDS进展的基因多态性在维吾尔族的分布尚不明确.本研究采用PCR和PCR-连接酶检测反应(PCR-LDR)技术检测CCR5A32、CCR5m303A、CCR2-64I、SDF1-3'A和RANTES inl.1T/C基因多态性在维吾尔族人群中的分布.     

Echo-AM1-1 encephaloscope]

A new miniature model of the A-mode ultrasonic echoencephaloscope, 0.88 MHz, has been developed and adopted to practical use in neurology. The device contains a detector for amplitude determination of echopulsation and curve (echopulsograms) recording. It is highly sensitive, cost-effective, which enhances the quality of rapid diagnosis of central nervous diseases, including those of vascular genesis, in in- and outpatient settings.     

Arabidopsis ein2-1 and npr1-1 Response to Al Stress

An enhanced Al³⁺ tolerance has been observed in ethylene insensitive mutant ein2-1 and salicylic acid insensitive mutant npr1-1 of Arabidopsis. However, we found that the tolerant phenotype of ein2-1 and npr1-1 under Al stress was dependent on NPR and EIN function, respectively, because the double mutant ein2-1/npr1-1 displayed more sensitive to Al stress than wild-type plants. We analysed the differential performance between ein2-1/npr1-1 and their respective single mutant in response to Al stress, and found that antioxidant defence rather than malate exudation was the determinant factor.     

Industrial gassing poisonings due to trichlorethylene, perchlorethylene, and 1-1-1 trichloroethane, 1961-80

During the period 1961-80, 384 cases of industrial gassing poisonings by trichlorethylene, perchlorethylene, and 1-1-1 trichloroethane (methylchloroform) were reported to HM Factory Inspectorate. A study of these data, which have been collated and analysed with particular reference to sex, age, clinical manifestations, and circumstances of the incident, is presented. Possible bias of the data owing to its source and method of extraction is discussed. The study shows the hazards inherent in the use of these narcotic solvents and discusses the circumstances that appear most likely to produce problems. The vulnerability of the younger worker is shown. Toxic effects were most commonly exerted on the central nervous system but no good evidence of cardiac or hepatic toxicity was found. In nine cases evidence of deliberate sniffing of solvent was reported. The problem of solvent abuse in an industrial context is discussed.     

Industrial gassing poisonings due to trichlorethylene, perchlorethylene, and 1-1-1 trichloroethane, 1961-80.

During the period 1961-80, 384 cases of industrial gassing poisonings by trichlorethylene, perchlorethylene, and 1-1-1 trichloroethane (methylchloroform) were reported to HM Factory Inspectorate. A study of these data, which have been collated and analysed with particular reference to sex, age, clinical manifestations, and circumstances of the incident, is presented. Possible bias of the data owing to its source and method of extraction is discussed. The study shows the hazards inherent in the use of these narcotic solvents and discusses the circumstances that appear most likely to produce problems. The vulnerability of the younger worker is shown. Toxic effects were most commonly exerted on the central nervous system but no good evidence of cardiac or hepatic toxicity was found. In nine cases evidence of deliberate sniffing of solvent was reported. The problem of solvent abuse in an industrial context is discussed.     

Synthesis and antimicrobial evaluation of 1-(benzofuran-2-yl)-4-nitro-3-arylbutan-1-ones and 3-(benzofuran-2-yl)-4,5-dihydro-5-aryl-1-[4-(aryl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]-1H-pyrazoles

2-Acetylbenzofuran 1 on treatment with substituted aldehydes affords the corresponding chalcones 2a-c. Treatment of the chalcones with nitromethane under Michael addition condition furnished the corresponding Michael adducts 3a-c. Cyclocondensation of the chalcones 2a and 2b with thiosemicarbazide under basic refluxing conditions gave 3-(benzofuran-2-yl)-5-(4-aryl)-4,5-dihydropyrazole-1-carbothioamides 4a,b. The pyrazolines 7a-d were synthesized by treating 4a,b with phenacyl bromides in refluxing ethanol. All the synthesized compounds were screened for their antibacterial and antifungal activities at 100 microg concentration. Some of our compounds showed excellent antimicrobial activities than control drugs.     

Asymmetric synthesis and biological evaluation of N-cyclohexyl-4-[1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-(p-tolyl)methyl]piperazine-1-carboxamide as hCB1 receptor antagonists

We recently discovered and reported a novel series of benzhydrylpiperazine derivatives bearing an asymmetric carbon atom that are potent and selective hCB1 inverse agonists. In the present study, we used Davis-Ellmann-type sulfonamide chemistry to asymmetrically synthesize two enantiomers of the most potent racemic N-cyclohexyl-4-[1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-(p-tolyl)methyl]piperazine-1-carbo-xamide [14]. Enantiomer separation and configuration assignment were carried out. Our results indicate that the R-configuration is the more active enantiomer, displaying enhanced antagonistic activity for hCB1 receptor, better oral bioavailability, and greater efficacy in the reduction of body weight in diet-induced obese mice.