毛叶合欢的化学成分

目的 研究毛叶合欢Albizia mollis的化学成分。方法 采用硅胶柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20凝胶色谱及RP C-18柱色谱进行分离纯化,并运用波谱方法对所分得化合物进行结构鉴定。结果 从毛叶合欢中分得了13个化合物,经波谱解析分别鉴定为白桦酸(1)、桉脂素(2)、麦角甾醇过氧化物(3)、金合欢酸内酯(4)、桦木醇(5)、表儿茶素(6)、(-)-表阿夫儿茶精(7)、β-香树酯醇(8)、ergosta-7,22-dien-3β--O-β-glycopyranoside(9)、3-吲哚甲酸(10)、1--O-十八烷酸甘油酯(11)、正二十七烷醇(12)、1-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷-(-2S,3R,4E,8E)-2-N-(2′-羟基-二十一碳酰基)-十八碳鞘氨醇-4,8-二烯(13)。结论 所有化合物均为首次从该植物中分得。     

海燕中含氮化合物的研究

目的 研究海燕 Asterina sp.的化学成分。方法 采用中压硅胶柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20凝胶色谱、高效液相半制备色谱和薄层制备等方法对海燕的化学成分进行分离,利用 波谱分析技术和文献对照鉴定其结构。结果 从海燕中分离得到10个含氮化合物,分别鉴定为尿嘧啶(1)、胸腺嘧啶(2)、次黄嘌呤(3)、尿嘧啶核苷(4)、2′-脱氧尿嘧啶核苷(5)、鸟嘌呤核苷(6)、4-羟基-2′-脱氧嘧啶核苷(7)、3甲基-2′-脱氧胸腺嘧啶核苷(8)、氨基苯丙酰胺(9)、2′-脱氧胸腺嘧啶核苷(10)。结论 化合物3、5～9为首次从海燕中分离得到。     

披针新月蕨细胞毒活性成分研究

目的 研究民族药披针新月蕨Abacopter is penangiana化学成分并评价其细胞毒活性。方法 以硅胶柱、凝胶柱色谱分离,制备HPLC纯化,采用MS,1、2 D-NMR等波谱方法进行结构鉴定,MTT法测试各化合物的细胞毒活性。结果 从披针新月蕨中分离鉴定了6个化合物,分别为4(S),5,7-三羟基-4′-甲氧基-6,8-二甲基-2(R)-黄烷-5,7-O-β-D-二葡萄糖苷［4(S),5,7-trihydroxy-4′-methoxy-6,8-dimethyl-2(R)-flavan-5,7-O-β-D-diglucopyranoside, eruberin B, 1］; 5,7-二羟基-4(S),4′-二甲氧基-6,8-二甲基-2(R)-黄烷-5,7-O-β-D-二葡萄糖苷［5,7-dihydroxy-4(S),4′-dimethoxy-6,8-dimethyl-2 (R)-flavan-5,7-O-β-D-diglucopyranoside,eruberin C, 2］;5,7-二羟基-4′-甲氧基-6-羟甲基-8-甲基-2″,4(S)-氧-2(R)-黄烷-5-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷［5,7-dihydroxy-4′-methoxy-6-hydroxymethyl-8-methyl-2″,4(S)-oxido-2(R)-flavan-5-O-β-D-glucopyranoside,3］;5,7-二羟基-4′-甲氧基-6,8-二甲基-2″,4(S)-氧-2(R)-黄烷-5-β-D-葡萄糖苷［5,7-dihydroxy-4′-methoxy-6,8-dimethyl-2″,4(S)-oxido-2(R)-flavan-5-O-β-D-glucopy ranoside,eruberin A,4］;高圣草素［5,7,4′-trihydroxy-3′-methoxyflavanone, homoeriodictyol,5］;对-甲氧基桂皮醛(p-methoxycinnamaldehyde,6)。化合物3、4对L929及HeLa细胞的IC50值分别约为13.05、24.75 μg/mL,25.11、18.32 μg/mL。结论 化合物3为新的天然产物,化合物2、5、6首次从新月蕨属植物中分得,化合物3、4对L929和HeLa具有显著抑制活性。     

南海肥厚肉芝软珊瑚Sarcophyton crassocaule化学成分的研究Ⅲ

目的研究采自中国南海海域的肉芝软珊瑚Sarcophyton crassocaule的化学成分。方法采用硅胶柱层析和HPLC等分离手段从南海肉芝软珊瑚的乙酸乙酯提取部位分离得到单体化合物,采用现代波谱技术、物理常数对照以及化学方法对单体化合物的结构进行研究。结果从肉芝软珊瑚Sarcophyton crassocaule中分离得到4个单体化合物。应用化学方法、物理常数对照和现代波谱分析技术对其结构进行解析,确定为：氢醌双苄醚（1）、N-正十六烷酰基-十八碳-4（E）-烯神经鞘氨醇（2）、Δ4,5（E）,Δ8,9（E）-鞘胺醇-正十六碳酰胺（3）、（2S,3S,4R）-N-2-（1,3,4-三羟基-十八烷基）-十八酰胺（4）。结论化合物1为首次得到的天然氢醌双苄醚类化合物;化合物2-4为神经酰胺类化合物。     

中国南海紫柳珊瑚中过氧化甾醇类化学成分的研究

目的对采自中国南海的紫柳珊瑚(Muriceopsis flavida)的生物活性成分进行研究。方法应用硅胶柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱色谱、反相高效液相层析(RP-HPLC)等分离手段对紫柳珊瑚的乙醚提取物进行分离纯化,应用核磁共振(NMR)、质谱(MS)等波谱手段对得到的化合物进行结构鉴定,采用琼脂扩散试验法对分离得到的化合物进行体外抗微生物活性测试。结果从紫柳珊瑚乙醚提取物中分离得到5种过氧化甾醇,分别鉴定为:(22E,24S)-5α,8α-过氧化麦角甾-6,22-二烯-3β-醇(1)、(22E,24R)-5α,8α-过氧化麦角甾-6,22-二烯-3β-醇(2)、(24R)-5α,8α-过氧化胆甾-24-乙基-6-烯-3β-醇(3)、(22E)-5α,8α-过氧化胆甾-6,22-二烯-3β-醇(4)、5α,8α-过氧化胆甾-6-烯-3β-醇(5)。体外抗微生物活性测试表明这5种化合物均有不同程度的抗微生物活性。结论首次从中国南海紫柳珊瑚中得到5种过氧化甾醇,其中化合物2对微藻显示强烈的生长抑制活性,具有进一步研究的价值。     

杜鹃兰化学成分及其生物活性研究

目的 研究杜鹃兰化学成分,发现其抗肿瘤活性成分。方法 杜鹃兰经95%乙醇提取、硅胶柱层析、半制备HPLC和Sephadex LH-20柱层析进行分离纯化,波谱分析（核磁共振氢谱、碳谱、和质谱）确定结构;应用MTT法,对部分化合物进行体外抗肿瘤活性筛选。结果 从杜鹃兰分离鉴定12个化合物,分别为bisbenzopyran (1),(22E)-ergosta-6, 22-dien-3β, 5α, 8α-triol (2), 3β-hydroxycholesta-5-ene (3), β-sistosterol (4),pinoresinol (5),5,4′-dihydroxy-7-(4-hydroxybenzoyl)-3′-methoxyflavone (6),4-methoxy-2,3,7-trihydroxyphenanthrene(7), 2-hydroxy-4, 7-dimethoxyphenanthrene(8), 4, 4′-dimethoxy-[1, 1′-biphenanthrene]-2,2′,7,7′-tetrol (9),4,7,4′,9′-tetramethoxy...     

蔓荆子中木脂素类成分的分离与结构鉴定

[目的]对蔓荆子中的木脂素类成分进行研究。[方法]采用正相硅胶、Sephadex LH-20、MCI GEL(MCI)、反相ODS(ODS)等柱色谱及高效液相色谱手段进行分离纯化,并通过理化性质与波谱分析方法鉴定化合物的结构。[结果]从蔓荆子95%乙醇提取物中分离得到7个木脂素类单体成分,分别为dihydrodehydrodiconiferyl alcohol(1),ficusal (2),(7R,8S)-dihydrodehydrodiconiferyl alcohol 9-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (3),dihydrodehydrodiconiferyl alcohol-β-D-(2′-O-p-hydroxybenzoyl)glucoside (4),(7R,8R)-7,8-dihydro-9′-hydroxyl-3′-methoxyl-8-hydroxymethyl-7-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1′-benzofuranpropanol 9′-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (5),松脂醇(pinoresinol)(6),1-syringaresinol(7)。[结论]化合物5为首次从牡荆属中分离得到,化合物6和7为首次从该植物中分离得到的化合物。     

黄硬皮马勃的化学成分

目的 黄硬皮马勃Scleroderma citrinum具有消炎作用。对其化学成分进行系统研究并阐明其活性成分。方法 采用硅胶柱层析进行分离。通过理化常数测定和波谱（IR，MS，^1H和^13CNMR）技术进行结构鉴定。结果 分析鉴定了8个化合物，它们分别为：（22E，24R）-ergosta-5,7,22-triene-3β-ol(Ⅰ），5α-lanosta-8(9),23-diene-3β，25-diol-22-acetate ester(Ⅱ），5α，8α-epidioxy-(22E,24R)-ergosta-6,22-diene-3β-ol(Ⅰ），5α-lanosta-8(9),23-diene-3β，25-diol-22-acetate ester(Ⅱ），5α，8α-epidioxy-(22E,24R)-ergosta-6,22-diene-3β-ol(Ⅲ），（2S,3S,4R,2′R）-2-(2′-hy-droxytetracosanoylamino)octadecane-1,3,4-triol(Ⅳ），adenosine(Ⅴ），N，N-dimethyphenylalanine(Ⅵ），N-methlphenylalanine(Ⅶ），D-allitol(Ⅷ）。结论 化合物Ⅵ和Ⅶ均系首次从高等真菌中分离得到。     

桑椹的化学成分研究

目的 研究桑椹的化学成分.方法 采用硅胶柱色谱、ODS柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20柱色谱、制备HPLC等色谱方法进行分离纯化,采用理化性质结合波谱数据解析鉴定化合物的结构.结果 从桑椹的70%(体积分数)乙醇提取物中分离得到7个化合物,分别鉴定为aurantiamide(1),细胞松弛素B(2),(22E)-24-methyl-5α-cholesta-7,22-diene-3β,5α,6β-triol(3),(22E)-5α,8α-epidioxyergosta-6,22-dien-3β-ol(4),7β-羟基谷甾醇(5),β-谷甾醇(6),胡萝卜苷(7).结论 化合物1~5为首次从桑椹中分离得到.     

金叶子叶化学成分的研究

目的研究金叶子叶的化学成分。方法利用柱色谱(正相硅胶、RP-18、大孔吸附树脂和Sephadex LH-20)、制备HPLC和光谱方法分离鉴定化学成分。结果从金叶子的叶中分离得到10个化合物,分别鉴定为2α,3β,23-trihydroxyurs-5,12-dien-28-oic acid(Ⅰ)、2α,3β,23-trihydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid(Ⅱ)、1-O-(β-Dglucopyranosyl)-(2S,3S,4R,8Z)-2-［(2′R)-2′-hydroxydocosanoilamino］-8(Z)-octadecene-1,3,4-triol(Ⅲ)、槲皮素-3-O-β-半乳吡喃糖苷(Ⅳ)、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(Ⅴ)、槲皮素-3-O-α-阿拉伯呋喃糖苷(Ⅵ)、山柰酚-3-α-鼠李吡喃糖苷(Ⅶ)、金叶子毒素-Ⅶ(craibiotoxin Ⅶ,Ⅷ)、金叶子毒素-Ⅷ(Ⅸ)、proanthocyanidin A-2(Ⅹ)。结论化合物Ⅲ和Ⅴ为首次从该植物叶中获得。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.