大鼠创伤性脑损伤后细胞凋亡及NOS阳性细胞的变化

目的：探讨大鼠创伤性脑损伤后不同时相皮质、海马、隔区细胞凋亡及NOS、ChAT阳性细胞的变化。方法：采用大鼠自由落体脑损伤模型，伤后1、2、3、4、5、7、10d取脑切片，经Nissl染色，用TUNEL法检测细胞凋亡，NADPH—d组化染色观察NOS阳性细胞，ChAT免疫组化染色观察隔区ChAT阳性细胞。结果：Nissl染色可见损伤侧海马CA2、CA3区锥体细胞层细胞消失或紊乱。损伤区周围皮质凋亡细胞伤后3d达到高峰；损伤侧海马凋亡细胞伤后5d达到高峰；损伤侧隔区凋亡细胞7d达到高峰。正常侧上述脑区各时相点均未见到凋亡细胞。损伤区周围皮质、损伤侧海马和隔区iNOS阳性细胞数量明显增加。损伤侧隔区ChAT阳性神经元也明显减少。结论：大鼠创伤性脑损伤后损伤区周围皮质和损伤侧海马、隔区细胞凋亡数量的变化与伤后时程有关。伤后细胞iNOS表达增加是导致细胞凋亡的因素。     

缺血预处理减轻脑皮质缺血再灌注损伤的研究

目的观察缺血预处理对脑皮质缺血再灌注期间神经元凋亡及磷酸化糖原合酶激酶-3β（GSK-3β）的影响,探讨其保护作用机制。结论雄性Wistar大鼠30只,随机分为假手术组（S）、缺血再灌注组（I/R）及预处理组（IPC）,每组各10只。采用4-VO法建立大鼠全脑缺血再灌注模型。IPC组分离双侧颈总动脉,夹闭10s,开放30s,反复3次,最后夹闭10min。于术后2d处死大鼠,取出脑组织,采用TUNEL法检测大鼠皮质神经元凋亡情况;TTC法检测大鼠脑部梗死面积;光谱法检测磷酸化的GSK-3β水平（p-GSK-3β）;采用Linear Regression分析GSK-3β活性与大鼠皮质神经元凋亡、脑部梗死面积的相关性。结果与S组相比,I/R组和IPC组皮质神经元凋亡和梗死面积显著增多（P〈0.01）,p-GSK-3β水平降低（P〈0.01）;与I/R组相比,IPC组皮质神经元凋亡和梗死面积显著减少（P〈0.01）,p-GSK-3β水平增高（P〈0.01）;p-GSK-3β与大鼠皮质神经元凋亡、脑部梗死面积之间具有高度相关性（P〈0.01）。结论缺血预处理使p-GSK-3β水平增高,脑皮质神经元凋亡和梗死面积减少,从而减轻脑缺血再灌注损伤。     

UCF-101对大鼠脑缺血再灌注后凋亡抑制蛋白XIAP表达的影响

目的观察UCF-101对大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤后神经元凋亡及凋亡抑制蛋白XIAP表达的影响,探讨UCF-101对缺血性脑损伤的神经保护作用。方法采用线栓法建立Wistar大鼠大脑中动脉闭塞(MCAO)2h再灌注模型,随机将大鼠分为假手术组、缺血再灌注组及UCF-101处理组,于再灌注后24h取脑,采用TTC法测梗死体积,TUNEL法检测神经元凋亡,免疫组化法观察脑组织神经元XIAP蛋白的表达。结果假手术组未见梗死现象,偶见凋亡神经细胞,神经元中可见棕黄色XIAP颗粒散在分布于核膜周围胞浆中。与假手术组比较,缺血再灌注组可见梗死灶,脑组织凋亡细胞数明显增加,XIAP的表达明显降低(P<0.05);与缺血再灌注组比较,UCF-101处理组梗死体积明显缩小(P<0.05),脑组织凋亡细胞数减少,XIAP的表达均明显增加(P<0.05)。结论 UCF-101神经保护作用可能与上调脑组织神经元XIAP蛋白的表达和抑制神经元的凋亡有关。     

川芎嗪对缺氧缺血脑损伤大鼠神经细胞凋亡的影响

目的:观察川芎嗪对缺氧缺血性脑损伤新生大鼠海马区细胞凋亡的影响.方法:取新生7日龄Wistar大鼠,RICE法制备缺氧缺血性脑损伤(HIBD)模型,用川芎嗪治疗,以正常组和损伤组作对照.电镜观察神经细胞超微结构,TUNEL法检测细胞凋亡数.结果:电镜下观察,HIBD组处于凋亡状态的细胞较多,细胞体积变小,胞质浓缩,细胞核不规则,染色质高度凝聚,边缘化;川芎嗪治疗组细胞损伤轻,处于凋亡状态的细胞少.TUNEL法显示,川芎嗪治疗后凋亡数比缺氧缺血组明显减少,各时间点差异有统计学意义.结论:川芎嗪可减轻HIBD后神经细胞的凋亡程度,从而起到保护神经细胞的作用.     

碱性成纤维细胞生长因子对小鼠创伤性脑损伤后神经元凋亡及星形胶质细胞活化的影响

目的 观察碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)对小鼠脑损伤后伤侧皮质和海马神经元凋亡及星形胶质细胞活化的影响. 方法 36只小鼠随机分为对照组、生理盐水组、bFGF组,每组各12只.采用自由落体打击装置建立脑损伤模型,分别于建模后3d和7d取脑(每时相点6只),应用免疫荧光双标和免疫印迹法检测大脑皮质、海马神经细胞凋亡因子caspase-3的变化,以及大脑皮质中胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)的表达. 结果 bFGF组皮质和海马中caspase-3的表达比生理盐水组和对照组减少(P<0.05);bFGF组皮质中GFAP表达比生理盐水组和对照组增加(P<0.05);生理盐水组与对照组的caspase-3及GFAP表达差异无统计学意义(P>0.05). 结论 bFGF能降低小鼠脑损伤后大脑皮质和海马caspase-3表达并增高大脑皮质GFAP表达,从而促进大脑皮质星形胶质细胞活化和抑制神经细胞凋亡.     

电针刺激"曲池"和"足三里"对大鼠脑梗死影响的形态学观察

目的观察电针刺激对脑缺血大鼠脑梗死面积和梗死边缘区神经细胞形态学的影响,为探讨针刺治病疗效和机理提供实验依据。方法线栓法建立大鼠脑梗死模型,用MRI、光学和透射电子显微镜观察电针后,模型大鼠脑梗死面积及梗死边缘区神经细胞及超微结构的变化。结果MRI显示电针组大鼠的梗死区面积比对照组的明显缩小（P〈0．01）;光学显微镜下,电针1d组梗死边缘区神经细胞形态的缺血性损伤与对照组ld相比无显著性差异（P〉0．05）,电针组7d与对照组7d相比,细胞损伤程度和受损细胞数量,均有显著性差异（P〈0．01）;电子显微镜下,电针组缺血边缘区的神经细胞超微结构,如腺粒体的肿胀、嵴的破坏及核蛋白体变性程度均比对照组轻。结论电针穴位刺激能减小脑梗死面积并对梗死边缘区神经细胞提供一定的保护作用。     

纳洛酮对蛛网膜下腔出血早期脑损伤大鼠学习记忆能力及海马区凋亡的影响

目的:探究纳洛酮(Naloxone)对蛛网膜下腔出血(SAH)早期脑损伤大鼠学习记忆及海马区凋亡的影响。方法:将雄性成年清洁级SD大鼠随机分为Sham组、EBI组、Naloxone组,每组各8只。采用经颈外动脉颈内动脉穿刺法建立SAH大鼠早期脑损伤模型,造模成功后,Naloxone组给予纳洛酮(1.0mg/kg腹腔注射1次/12h),Sham组和EBI组同法注射等量生理盐水,干预后72h穿梭箱记录大鼠行为轨迹并分析,海马区组织进行HE染色及TUNEL染色,观察海马区细胞形态及凋亡情况。结果:与Sham组比较,EBI组大鼠穿梭箱逃避反应次数减少(P<0.05),逃避反应时间延长(P<0.05),海马区正常神经细胞数目减少(P<0.05),TUNEL染色示凋亡细胞增多(P<0.05);与EBI组比较,Naloxone组逃避反应次数增多(P<0.05),逃避反应时间减少(P<0.05),海马区正常神经细胞稍多(P<0.05),TUNEL染色示凋亡细胞减少(P<0.05)。结论:Naloxone通过减少海马区神经细胞凋亡,改善脑损伤,从而改善SA...     

哈巴苷通过Wnt/β-catenin通路改善大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤

目的 探究哈巴苷干预大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤的作用及其对Wnt/β-catenin信号通路的影响。方法 18只雄性SD大鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组和哈巴苷干预组，每组6只，对各组大鼠进行神经功能评估。再灌注7d后，TTC染色法检测大鼠脑梗死体积；干湿重法检测大鼠脑组织含水量；TUNEL染色检测大鼠脑组织神经细胞凋亡；荧光探针检测大鼠脑组织神经细胞ROS水平；Western blot检测大鼠脑组织β-catenin和active β-catenin表达水平。结果 与对照组相比，模型组大鼠神经功能评分下降，脑梗死体积和脑含水量增加。加入哈巴苷干预后，大鼠神经功能评分提高，脑梗死体积减小，脑水肿减轻。与对照组相比，模型组大鼠神经细胞凋亡率增加，活性氧水平增加；加入哈巴苷干预后，大鼠神经细胞凋亡率下降，活性氧释放减少。与对照组相比，模型组大鼠β-catenin和active β-catenin表达水平提高，加入哈巴苷后其表达水平进一步升高，Wnt/β-catenin信号通路被激活。结论 哈巴苷能够通过激活Wnt/β-catenin信号通路减轻缺血再灌注导致的大鼠脑损伤。     

丁酸钠对氟中毒模型大鼠的神经保护及乙酰化蛋白组学分析

背景:乙酰化作为蛋白质翻译后修饰之一可通过调节染色质结构诱导与突触连接、记忆存储相关的基因表达变化。去乙酰化酶抑制剂丁酸钠的神经保护效应在神经系统损伤领域受到重视,但在氟神经毒性领域还未有动物实验证实,其作用靶点也尚不全面。目的:研究丁酸钠对氟中毒脑损伤模型大鼠的干预作用,并对其可能机制做初步探讨。方法:初断乳SD雄鼠随机分成3组,氟中毒组和丁酸钠治疗组大鼠自由饮用含氟蒸馏水10周,丁酸钠治疗组大鼠染氟10周后每日给予1 000 mg/kg丁酸钠灌胃处理,持续4周,氟中毒组、对照组大鼠灌胃等量生理盐水。灌胃4周后,Morris水迷宫检测各组大鼠学习记忆能力,苏木精-伊红染色观察大鼠脑皮质病理变化;高效液相色谱-串联质谱法鉴定各组大鼠脑皮质乙酰化修饰蛋白,并对其进行生物学信息分析。结果与结论:(1)与对照组相比,氟中毒组大鼠体质量下降、全脑系数上升。与氟中毒组大鼠相比,丁酸钠治疗组大鼠体质量有所上升,大鼠全脑系数下降。(2)苏木精-伊红染色结果显示,氟中毒组大鼠出现神经细胞胞浆空泡化,细胞核固缩,核周间隙增宽。丁酸钠治疗组大鼠正常神经细胞数量增多,胞浆空泡化减少,细胞核固缩现象减轻。(3...     

大鼠创伤性脑损伤后星形胶质细胞的变化

目的：探讨大鼠创伤性脑损伤后星形胶质细胞的形态学变化及GFAP和NOS的表达情况。方法：采用大鼠自由落体脑损伤模型，伤后1、3、7d取脑切片，行Nissl染色以及GFAP免疫组化和NADPH—d组化单标记及双标记染色。结果：损伤区周围皮质GFAP阳性细胞胞体增大、突起增粗增长，GFAP阳性细胞数量与正常侧及对照组相比，伤后1d即有明显增加，伤后3d、7d数量持续增加；损伤侧海马CAI～3区和DG各层GFAP阳性细胞排列紊乱，胞体增大、突起增粗增长，GFAP阳性细胞数量与正常侧及对照组相比则无明显变化。损伤区周围皮质、损伤侧海马NOS阳性细胞数量明显增加。伤后3d损伤区周围皮质和损伤侧海马中GFAP与NOS双标细胞分别占GFAP阳性细胞的14．2％和13．4％左右。结论：大鼠创伤性脑损伤后大量的星形胶质细胞活化、GFAP表达增加并且部分转化为NOS阳性细胞，提示其参与了脑组织的损伤与修复过程。     

Ulinastatin attenuates oxidation,inflammation and neural apoptosis in the cerebral cortex of adult rats with ventricular fibrillation after cardiopulmonary resuscitation

OBJECTIVE:

The role of Ulinastatin in neuronal injury after cardiopulmonary resuscitation has not been elucidated. We aim to evaluate the effects of Ulinastatin on inflammation, oxidation, and neuronal injury in the cerebral cortex after cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

METHODS:

Ventricular fibrillation was induced in 76 adult male Wistar rats for 6 min, after which cardiopulmonary resuscitation was initiated. After spontaneous circulation returned, the rats were split into two groups: the Ulinastatin 100,000 unit/kg group or the PBS-treated control group. Blood and cerebral cortex samples were obtained and compared at 2, 4, and 8 h after return of spontaneous circulation. The protein levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) were assayed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and mRNA levels were quantified via real-time polymerase chain reaction. Myeloperoxidase and Malondialdehyde were measured by spectrophotometry. The translocation of nuclear factor-κB p65 was assayed by Western blot. The viable and apoptotic neurons were detected by Nissl and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL).

RESULTS:

Ulinastatin treatment decreased plasma levels of TNF-α and IL-6, expression of mRNA, and Myeloperoxidase and Malondialdehyde in the cerebral cortex. In addition, Ulinastatin attenuated the translocation of nuclear factor-κB p65 at 2, 4, and 8 hours after the return of spontaneous circulation. Ulinastatin increased the number of living neurons and decreased TUNEL-positive neuron numbers in the cortex at 72 h after the return of spontaneous circulation.

CONCLUSIONS:

Ulinastatin preserved neuronal survival and inhibited neuron apoptosis after the return of spontaneous circulation in Wistar rats via attenuation of the oxidative stress response and translocation of nuclear factor-κB p65 in the cortex. In addition, Ulinastatin decreased the production of TNF-α, IL-6, Myeloperoxidase, and Malondialdehyde.     

Protective effect of growth hormone on neuronal apoptosis after hypoxia-ischemia in the neonatal rat brain

Recent studies have shown that growth hormone (GH) can reduce neuronal loss after hypoxic-ischemic injury (HI) in neonatal and juvenile rat brains. Here, we investigated whether GH exerts its neuroprotective role through an anti-apoptotic effect in neonatal rat brains damaged by severe HI. Gross and histological observations showed that the extent of brain damage was found to be reduced in GH-treated brain at E7 after injury. In a terminal transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end-labeling (TUNEL) study, TUNEL-positive apoptotic cells were localized only at the damaged region in animals treated with saline, which was confirmed by an electron microscopy. In an immunohistochemical study with anti-bcl-2, -bax, -bad, -neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), -inducible NOS (iNOS) and -endothelial NOS (eNOS) antibodies, we observed that bax, bad, iNOS and eNOS were elevated in the saline-treated group. This study thus suggests that the protective role of GH against HI injury is mediated thorough an anti-apoptotic effect, which offers the possibility of a GH application for the treatment of neonatal HI encephalopathy.     

大鼠脑损伤后氨基胍的神经保护作用

目的探讨大鼠脑损伤后诱导性一氧化氮合酶（iNOS）抑制剂——氨基胍（AG）的神经保护作用。方法采用大鼠额叶锐器损伤模型,将SD大鼠随机分成氨基胍（AG）治疗组和生理盐水（NS）对照组。用生物化学方法检测NO含量;RT-PCR法及免疫组织化学染色方法观察iNOSmRNA和iNOS阳性细胞表达变化;末端脱氧核苷酸转移酶介导的原位缺1：3末端标记法（TUNEL）检测细胞凋亡。将两组结果进行比较。结果AG治疗组创伤区及周边NO含量、iNOSmRNA和iNOS阳性细胞表达量较NS组明显降低,凋亡细胞数量也相应明显减少。结论AG能选择性地抑制iNOS表达,减少NO过量产生,从而减少细胞凋亡,发挥神经保护作用。     

牛磺酸对大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤时细胞凋亡的影响

目的：研究牛磺酸对脑缺血再灌注损伤中细胞凋亡的影响。方法：建立大鼠全脑缺血再灌注模型，使用ＤＮＡ片段原位末端标记和流式细胞仪观察了Ｔａｕ治疗后细胞凋亡的变化。结论：Ｔａｕ对脑缺血再灌汪损伤中神经细胞的保护作用可能部分由于降低细胞凋亡的发生。     

黄角颗粒对脑缺血再灌注损伤大鼠JAK2/STAT3信号通路的影响

目的:研究黄角颗粒对脑缺血再灌注损伤大鼠JAK2/STAT3信号通路的影响。方法:采用线栓法构建大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤模型,取30只健康雄性SD大鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组和黄角颗粒组,并按分组给予相应处理。采用Zea Longa评分法对各组大鼠进行神经功能评分,TTC染色检测各组大鼠脑梗死体积百分比,HE染色观察各组大鼠脑组织病理形态,TUNEL染色法检测各组大鼠脑细胞凋亡率,Western blot检测各组大鼠脑组织中p-JAK2和p-STAT3的蛋白水平。结果:与假手术组相比,模型组大鼠的神经功能缺损程度和神经细胞损伤程度明显加重(P0.05);脑梗死体积百分比和脑细胞凋亡率显著上升(P0.05);脑组织中p-JAK2和p-STAT3的蛋白水平显著上调(P0.05)。与模型组相比,黄角颗粒组大鼠的神经功能缺损程度和神经细胞损伤程度明显减轻(P0.05);脑梗死体积百分比和脑细胞凋亡率显著下降(P0.05);脑组织中p-JAK2和p-STAT3的蛋白水平显著下调(P0.05)。结论:黄角颗粒对脑缺血再灌注损伤大鼠的保护作用可能与抑制JAK2/STAT3信号通路的激活相关。     

静脉移植人脂肪间充质干细胞治疗大鼠颅脑损伤

背景：动物实验及临床研究证实间充质干细胞对创伤性脑损伤具有一定的治疗作用。 目的：观察脂肪间充质干细胞移植治疗急性创伤性脑损伤大鼠行为学及损伤脑组织中胶质纤维酸性蛋白、神经元特异性烯醇化酶和巢蛋白的表达。 方法：以自由落体硬膜外撞击法制作SD大鼠脑损伤模型后随机分为3组：移植组于脑损伤48 h时经尾静脉注射Brdu标记的成人脂肪间充质干细胞;对照组不作处理;生理盐水组于脑损伤48 h时经尾静脉注射生理盐水。采用NSS评分法评价大鼠神经功能恢复情况;倒置显微镜观察脂肪间充质干细胞在损伤脑组织内的迁移情况;免疫组织化学法检测大鼠受损脑组织中胶质纤维酸性蛋白、神经元特异性烯醇化酶和巢蛋白表达。 结果与结论：移植组NSS评分明显低于对照组与生理盐水组(P < 0.05)。在受损伤脑组织周围可发现经Brdu标记的脂肪间充质干细胞。移植组大鼠受损脑组织中胶质纤维酸性蛋白和神经元特异性烯醇化酶阳性表达率明显低于对照组与生理盐水组(P < 0.05),且下降速度较快;巢蛋白表达明显高于对照组与生理盐水组(P < 0.05)。证实脂肪间充质干细胞通过血脑屏障进入受损大鼠脑组织后,以上调巢蛋白基因的表达来发挥保护神经元、促进神经发育与再生的功能。     

异丙酚对大鼠内毒素脑损伤AIF表达和细胞凋亡的影响

目的: 研究凋亡诱导因子(AIF)和细胞凋亡在大鼠内毒素(LPS)脑损伤中的变化情况,探讨异丙酚在脑损伤中的保护作用及其机制。方法: SD大鼠72只,雌雄不限,体重220~250 g,随机分为3组(n=24):内毒素组(LPS组)和内毒素+异丙酚组(LPS+propofol组)经左颈内动脉注射LPS(1 mg/kg)建立大鼠内毒素脑损伤模型,对照组(control组)经颈内动脉注射等量生理盐水,LPS+propofol组颈内动脉注射LPS后即予异丙酚100 mg/kg剂量腹腔注射。3组分别于6、12、24和48 h随机处死6只大鼠,取额叶皮质,检测脑组织含水量,Annexin V-PI法检测神经细胞凋亡,免疫组织化学检测AIF、NF-κB和caspase-3表达水平的变化,Western blotting测AIF表达的变化。结果: 与对照组相比,LPS组和LPS+propofol组各时点脑组织含水量增高,凋亡细胞增多,AIF、NF-κB和caspase-3表达增加(P<0.05, P<0.01);与 LPS组比较, LPS+propofol组各时点脑含水量、凋亡细胞、AIF、NF-κB和caspase-3表达明显减少 ( P<0.05, P<0.01)。结论: 异丙酚减轻大鼠内毒素性脑损伤的机制与抑制脑组织AIF表达水平及减轻神经细胞凋亡有关。     

Neuroprotective effects of growth hormone against hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in neonatal rats: 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopic study

Using 1H-MRS, we evaluated the effects of growth hormone (GH) as a caspase inhibitor on hypoxic-ischemic injury in neonatal rat brains. The right common carotid arteries of rats were ligated, allowed to recover for 3 hr, and exposed to 8% oxygen for 2 hr. GH was given just prior to HI insult and animals were divided into four groups: control, intracerebroventricular (ICV), intracerebroventricular/intraperitoneal (ICV/IP), and intraperitoneal (IP). Localized in vivo 1H-MRS and TUNEL staining were performed 24 hr after HI injury. Lipid/N-acetyl aspartate (NAA) and lipid/creatine (Cr) ratios were used as apoptotic markers. Gross morphologic changes at 2 weeks were used to evaluate the effects of GH. The lipid/NAA ratio was lower in the ICV and ICV/IP groups than in the control, and the lipid/Cr ratio was lower in the ICV group than in the control. The number of TUNEL positive cells was decreased in the ICV and ICV/IP groups, and the degree of morphologic change indicative of brain injury was lower in the ICV group and somewhat lower in the ICV/IP group. The degree of morphologic change correlated with the lipid/NAA and lipid/Cr ratios. These findings suggest that GH exerts neuroprotective effects in cerebral hypoxic-ischemic injury.     

Mild traumatic brain injury induces apoptotic cell death in the cortex that is preceded by decreases in cellular Bcl-2 immunoreactivity

Although mild traumatic brain injury is associated with behavioral dysfunction and histopathological alterations, few studies have assessed the temporal pattern of regional apoptosis following mild brain injury. Anesthetized rats were subjected to mild lateral fluid-percussion brain injury (1.1–1.3 atm), and brains were evaluated for the presence of in situ DNA fragmentation (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end-labeling, TUNEL) and morphologic characteristics of apoptotic cell death (nuclear and cytoplasmic condensation, presence of apoptotic bodies). Significant numbers of apoptotic TUNEL(+) cells were observed in the injured parietal cortex and underlying white matter up to 72 h post-injury (P<0.05 compared to sham-injured-injured), with maximal numbers present at 24 h. Apoptosis was confirmed by the presence of 180–200 bp nuclear DNA fragments in tissue homogenates. The appearance of apoptotic TUNEL(+) cells in the injured cortex was preceded by a marked decrease in immunoreactivity for the anti-cell death protein, Bcl-2, as early as 2 h post-injury. This decrease in cellular Bcl-2 staining was not accompanied by a concomitant loss of staining for the pro-cell death Bax protein, suggesting that post-traumatic neuronal death in the cortex may be dependent on altered cellular ratios of Bcl-2:Bax. In the hippocampus, no significant increase in apoptotic TUNEL(+) cells was observed compared to sham-injured-injured animals. However, selective neuronal loss was evident in the CA3 region at 24 h post-injury, that was preceded by an overt loss of neuronal Bcl-2 immunoreactivity at 6 h. No changes in either cellular Bcl-2 or Bax expression were observed in the thalamus or white matter at any time post-injury.

Taken together from these data, we suggest that apoptosis contributes to cell death in both gray and white matter, and that decreases in cellular Bcl-2 may, in part, be associated with both apoptotic and non-apoptotic cell death following mild brain trauma.     

bFGF对局灶性脑缺血大鼠脑组织GRP78表达的影响

目的研究大鼠脑缺血再灌注后对葡萄糖调节蛋白78(glucose-regulated protein78,GRP78)表达的影响,探讨碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(basic fibroblast growth factor,bFGF)对脑组织缺血再灌注神经元GRP78的调节作用及机制。方法应用线栓法制作大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注模型,大脑中动脉阻塞2h再灌注损伤12h,采用TUNEL法、免疫组化检测海马及皮质内神经元凋亡和GRP78的表达。结果 sham组,海马及皮质偶见凋亡细胞,皮质及海马神经元内少见GRP78免疫反应阳性细胞;I/R组,海马及皮质神经元凋亡增加,缺血再灌注损伤后皮质及海马神经元内GRP78阳性表达明显高于假手术组。bFGF组,海马及皮质神经元凋亡减少,皮质及海马神经元内GRP78表达较I/R组明显增加。结论 bFGF显著减少缺血神经元凋亡,上调脑缺血诱导的GRP78表达,对脑缺血再灌注海马及皮质神经元的具有保护作用。