湖南省部分人群庚型肝炎病毒感染调查分析

目的 庚型肝炎病毒（HGV）呈世界性分布,为了解湖南地区HGV的感染情况,指导临床预防、诊断及治疗。方法 对慢性肝炎患者、职业供血员及入伍新兵检测抗－HGV。结果 湖南地区人群中存在HGV感染,且HGV与HBV和HCV的重叠感染较高,分别为15．9％和20．9％,职业供血员HGV感染率2．4％,入伍新兵HGV感染率1．0％。结论 研究表明湖南地区HGV感染率与国外报道相近。     

维汉族儿童青少年HBV／HCV重叠感染的实验研究

采用PCR等多种实验诊断方法，探讨了维汉族儿童青少年HBV／HCV重叠感染的血清学模式及临床特点。研究结果表明，两民族均以抗HBs／抗HCV双阳性感染模式最常见，其比率分别为45．16％（14／31）和47．69％（31／65），且该感染模式HCVRNA阳性检出率和ALT异常率亦较高。提示若单项抗HBS阳性伴ALT轻中度升高，应进一步检测抗HCV和HCVRNA，以确证是否为HBV／HCV重叠感染。     

受血者受血前HIV、HBV、 HCV、梅毒感染及其重叠感染研究

目的研究受血者受血前人免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）、乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）、丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）、梅毒感染及其重叠感染现状与特点。方法对2007年10月-2008年6月间某院需输注血制品的9694例患者进行检测;采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测血清HBV标志物、血清抗HCV,双抗原夹心酶联免疫法检测血清抗HIV和梅毒抗体。结果9694例受血者受血前血清HBV标志物阳性1549例（15．98％）,抗HCV阳性59例（0．61％）,抗HIV阳性34例（0．35％）,梅毒抗体阳性495例（5．11％）。重叠感染者中,HBV与HCV57例（0．59％）,HBV与梅毒94例（0．97％）,HCV与梅毒3例（0．03％）;血清抗HIV阳性患者中,重叠感染HBV13例（0．13％）,HCV10例（0．10％）,梅毒4例（0．04％）;HIV、HBV和HCV重叠,HIV、HBV和梅毒重叠感染各2例（1．08％）,HIV、HBV、HCV和梅毒重叠感染1例（0．54％）。结论部分受血者在受血前就已有感染,特别是HBV和梅毒的感染率较高。对受血者于受血前进行全面检查不仅可避免相关医疗纠纷,还可为患者治疗和医务人员的职业防护提供帮助。     

丙型肝炎病人重叠感染乙肝病毒的血清学分析

目的：探讨丙型肝炎病人重叠感染乙肝病毒（HBV）的血清状况。方法：用TC-PC多聚酶链反应及ELISA酶联免疫吸附测定方法对丙型肝炎病人血清进行HCV-RNA及抗-HCV检测，并用ELISA方法与对照组一同进行抗-HCV、HBsAg、抗-HBc、HBeAg检测。结果：丙型肝炎病人的HBV重叠感染率为78．18％和正常人群的HBV感染率24．60％相比，P〈0．001，有显著性差异。重叠感染HBV的丙型肝炎病人和单一HCV感染的丙型肝炎病人的抗-HCV水平的均值比，P〉0．05，无显著性差异；丙型肝炎病人重叠感染HBV后其HBeAg阳性率很低，和正常人群相比无显著性差异，P〉0．05。结论：丙型肝炎病人极易重叠感染HBV；丙型肝炎病人抗-HCV抗体水平较低，重叠感染后其抗HCV抗体水平不受影响；结果还支持HCV和HBV的重叠感染会干扰抑制HBV的复制的论点。     

不同人群感染丙型及庚型肝炎病毒危险性分析

目的 研究不同人群感染丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）及庚型肝炎病毒（HGV）的危险性并探讨其传播途径。方法 采集不同人群的血清，运用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）及荧光定量聚合酶链式反应（FQ—PCR）检测抗-HCV、抗-HGV及HCV—RNA、HGV—RNA。结果 一般人群、医护人员、普通孕妇、乙型肝炎病人、血液透析（HD）病人抗-HCV的阳性率分别为0．89％（58／6468），2．93％（5／171），0．93％（17／1836），11．5％（47／410）和51．4％（54／105）。抗-HGV的阳性率为0．6％（3／500），0（0／171），2．5％（6／240），9．3％（13／140）和14．3％（5／105）；母婴传播率HCV为16．7％；HGV为25％。血液透析（HD））病人有无输血史HCV感染率差异有统计学意义（X^2=7．72，P〈0．01）。结论 有血液暴露史者是HCV及HGV感染的高危人群；血液及母婴传播是重要的传播途径。     

乙、丙型肝炎病毒感染与原发性肝癌的临床研究

目的 研究乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）、丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）感染与原发性肝癌的相关性.方法 对130例原发性肝癌（原发性肝癌组）及同期收治的118例肝硬化（肝硬化组）患者HBV、HCV的感染情况进行统计,探讨HBV血清学标志物及HBV-DNA、HCV-RNA与原发性肝癌的相关性.结果 原发性肝癌组HBV、HCV感染率[71.54％（93/130）,19.23％（25/130）]均高于肝硬化组[59.32％ （70/118）,10.17％（12/118）],差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.原发性肝癌组血清HBsAg、抗HBe、HBV-DNA、HCV-RNA阳性率均较肝硬化组高,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.而HBV-DNA、HCV-RNA阳性患者的调整OR值分别为12.064,6.801,危险性均较高.结论 HBsAg阳性、抗HBe阳性、HBV-DNA和HCV-RNA的高水平与原发性肝癌发生和发展关系密切.     

血液透析患者病毒性肝炎感染的情况调查

目的 调查血液透析患乙型、丙型和庚型肝炎病毒感染有其多重感染的情况，探讨其感染的危险因素。方法 对1478例血透患的血清进行HBsAg、HBsAb、HBeAb、HBcAb、HBV－DNA、anti－HCV、anti－HGV的检测。并随机抽取100例anti－HGV和anti－HGV阳性轿清RT－PCR方法检测HCV－RNA和HGV－RNA。结果 1478例轿清中HBV感染率为43．9％，HBV－DNA感染率为7．9％；HCV感染率42．6％；HGV感染率为46．4％。随机抽取100例anti-HCV和anti－HGV阳性血清；HCV－RNA和HGVRRNA的感染率分别为73％和77％。HBV合并HCV天津25．4％，HCV合并HGV感染21．0％，HCV、HBV、HGV3合并感染10．4％。结论 血透透析患存在着经血行感染乙型、丙型和庚型肝炎病毒的高危因素。     

静脉注射毒品人群中HIV、HBV和HCV感染的现况研究

目的了解静脉注射毒品人群中人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）、乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）和丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）的感染情况。方法从四川、湖南、广西和新疆等地静脉注射毒品人群中采集血液样本2025份，应用酶联免疫试剂盒检测抗-HIV、抗-HCV抗体和HBsAg。结果红静脉沣射毒品人群中，抗-HIV、抗-HCV及HBsAg的阳性率分别为14．7％～30．4％、60．7％～85．5％和6．6％～22．4％，其HIV／HBV、HIV/HCV、HCV／HBV和HIV／HCV／HBV合并感染率分别为0％～0．4%、11．6％～27．2％、2．3％～14．3％和1．6％～4．8％。结论静脉注射毒品人群中HIV、HBV和HCV的感染率均高于正常人群，其中HIV与HCV合并感染率最高。     

血液透析时间、次数与肝炎病毒感染结果分析

目的了解血液透析患者在血液透析时间、次数,发生感染病毒性肝炎（HBV、抗HCV、抗-HGV）及合并感染状况。方法223例血液透析患者,其中男137例．女86例,年龄在27－80岁之间进行HBV、抗-HCV、抗－HGV检测。结果乙、丙、庚型肝炎病毒的感染率分别为78．0％,35．0％和4．9％。血液透析忠者透析在6个月以内HBV感染率是448％;6个月以后都高于71．8％：抗－HCV感染率是10．3～69．2;抗FIGV感染率是0～10．3％。结论虹液透析足引发经血传播疾病的最危险因素之一。时间和次数是有密切的相关性。随时间和次数延长,其感染HBV、抗－HCV、抗－HGV阳性率也随之高。     

庚型肝炎的垂直传播

已经证实，庚型肝炎病毒（HGV）是急、慢性肝炎的一种新病因。目前，仅能采用逆转聚合酶链技术（RT－PCR）检测到HGV感染。在乙肝病毒（HBV）或丙肝病毒（HCV）感染的人群中，以及有静脉药物成病（IVDA）史的人，感染HGV的危险性似乎正在增加。但是，HGV母婴传播的危险性尚不清楚。作者对门例怀孕妇女及其新生婴儿进行了研究，其中，47例妇女有HGV感染的危险因素。随后采用RT－PCR技术，每3个月对门例新生地检测HGV、HCV和HIV－1的垂直传播情况。这些妇女中有3O名（49．2％）感染了HCV，17名（279％）感染了HIV－1，14…     

广西85例肝癌患者庚型肝炎病毒感染的血清学研究

对肝癌高发区的８５例患者血清采用套式ＰＣＲ方法检测认型肝炎病毒核糖核酸（ＨＧＶ－ＲＮＡ），并用相同方法检测了ＨＣＶ－ＲＮＡ；ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ则采用单次ＰＣＲ检测，阴性者再用套式ＰＣＲ证实。结果提示：８５例肝癌患者中，１１例患者可检出ＨＧＶＲＮＡ，占和的１２．９％，而ＨＣＶ－ＲＮＡ，ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ阳性者分别为１５例及６８例，占１７．６％和８０％。初步证明文本部分肝癌病人血清中存在ＧＶ感染，作者认为：Ｈ     

庚型肝炎病毒在肝炎及肝癌患者中感染情况

为研究庚型肝炎病毒在乙型肝炎、丙型肝炎、非甲—戊型肝炎及原发肝癌患者中的感染情况 ,选择临床肝炎患者血清及肝癌手术病人的术前血清、肝癌组织及癌旁组织。采用HGV RT PCR法检测标本中HGVRNA。结果 ,在临床乙型肝炎、丙型肝炎、非甲—戊型肝炎及肝癌手术病人中庚型肝炎感染率分别为 9% ( 12 / 130 )、10 % ( 3/ 30 )、17% ( 4 / 2 4 )、0 % ( 0 / 2 4 )。证明庚型肝炎是普遍存在的一种肝炎病毒 ,并与乙型肝炎、丙型肝炎有较高的重叠感染率 ,而与肝癌的相关性不大。     

Seroprevalence of markers for hepatitis B, C and G in male and female prisoners - NSW, 1996

OBJECTIVES: 1. Establish the prevalence of markers for hepatitis B (HBV), C (HCV) and G (HGV) in a sample of male and female inmates. 2. Examine exposure to multiple viruses. 3. Compare risk factors for HGV infection with known risk factors for HBV and HCV. DESIGN: Cross-sectional random sample stratified by sex, age and Aboriginality. Inmates were screened for three hepatitis markers. Participants were 789 inmates (657 male, 132 female) in 27 correctional centres in New South Wales, 1996. RESULTS: Overall detection of each of the three screening markers was 35% for HBV, 39% for HCV and 10% for HGV. Exposure rates were higher in female prisoners than males. Increased rates of anti-HBc were observed in Aboriginal inmates compared with non-Aboriginals (54% cf. 27%); anti-HCV and HGV-RNA were comparable between the two groups (36% cf. 41% and 9% cf. 10%). Markers were significantly higher in female injecting drug users (IDU), particularly HCV (90% cf. 66%). Thirty-five per cent of inmates were unaware of their HCV status. For HBV, 72% did not self-report past or present exposure despite serological evidence to the contrary. The multivariate analysis identified Aboriginality, long-term injecting and injecting while in prison as risk factors for HBV. HCV risk factors were female sex, non-Aboriginality, institutionalisation and IDU-associated behaviours. For HGV, female sex and previous imprisonment were significant risk factors but IDU was not. CONCLUSIONS: Blood-borne hepatitis viruses are common in prison inmates, particularly females (HBV, HCV and HGV), Aboriginals (HBV) and IDU (HBV and HCV). Infection can be related to a number of risk factors, which appear similar for HBV and HCV, but distinct from HGV.     

洛阳市肝炎病毒感染与肝癌的血清流行病学研究

目的　探讨洛阳市HBV、HCV和HGV感染与肝癌的关系。方法　收集洛阳市 6 8例肝癌患者和 179例对照的血清 ,应用EIA法检测HBV、HCV和HGV感染指标。结果　HBV感染的六项血清学指标在病例组和对照组的差异有统计学意义 ,抗 -HCV在两组的差异也具有统计学意义 ,而所有研究对象均未检测到抗 -HGV。HBV与HCV合并感染在肝癌的发生中呈简单相加模式。HBsAg、总HBV感染和抗 -HCV分别可以解释洛阳市肝癌病因的 84 .78%、6 1.19%和 6 .2 0 % ,而抗 -HBs阳性则使肝癌发病危险降低 32 .75 %。结论　HBV和HCV感染是洛阳市肝癌的主要危险因素。     

HCV and GBV-c/HGV infection in HIV positive patients in southern Italy

Flaviviridae–hepatitis C virus (HCV) and GB virus C/hepatitis G virus (GBV-C/HGV) – and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) frequently show similar modes of transmission. HCV and GBV-C/HGV infection was assessed in 134 consecutive patients with evidence of HIV infection, living in Campania, Italy. Data obtained from this cohort were compared with those obtained from 252 age- and sex-matched HCV infected patients without evidence of HIV infection (HCV control group). Following enzymatic immunoassays, samples were tested for the presence of HCV-RNA by RT-PCR. The HCV-RNA positive sera were genotyped by LiPA procedure. The prevalence of HCV infection in HIV patients was 19.40% and the largest group of HIV–HCV co-infected patients (84.62%) was represented by intravenous drug users (IVDU). The distribution of HCV genotypes in HIV–HCV patients was different, compared to that observed in HCV control group. HCV genotypes 1a (50%) and 3a (23.08%) were more frequently detected in HIV–HCV patients, compared to HCV control group (5.16 and 5.56% for 1a and 3a, respectively). Conversely, HCV genotypes 1b (55.70%) and 2a/2c (30.26%) were more represented in HCV control group, compared to HIV–HCV patients (15.38 and 0% for 1b and 2a/2c, respectively). GBV-C/HGV seroprevalence was 41.04% in HIV patients and 6.54% in healthy control individuals. Differently from HCV, GBV-C/HGV infection did not correlate to a preferential risk behaviour in the HIV cohort. Comparative analysis of HCV and GBV-C/HGV infection indicates that the use of injecting drugs might play a key role in the epidemiology of HCV and, in particular, of 1a and 3a HCV genotypes, in HIV patients.     

乙型肝炎患者重叠感染丙型肝炎、庚型肝炎病毒的研究

[目的 ]了解乙型肝炎患者重叠感染丙型肝炎病毒 (HCV)、庚型肝炎病毒 (HGV)的情况。 [方法 ]应用 EL ISA法分别对 86 8例乙肝患者、5 17例乙肝病毒携带者检测血清抗 - HCV和抗 - HGV,应用逆转录聚合酶链反应法分别对HCV、HGV感染者进行血清 HCV- RNA、HGV- RNA检测 ,并与乙肝病毒携带者比较。 [结果 ]乙肝患者与乙肝病毒携带者 HCV感染率分别为 14.5 %、2 .3% ,HGV感染率分别为 15 .6 %、3.9% ,HCV和 HGV的重叠感染率分别为 2 .3%、0 .2 % ,两组间 HCV、HGV合并感染率均有非常显著性差异 (P<0 .0 1)。乙肝患者中 HCV感染者 HCV- RNA阳性率14.3% ,HGV感染者 HGV- RNA阳性率 11.9%。 [结论 ]乙型肝炎、丙型肝炎、庚型肝炎可以重叠感染。急慢性乙型肝炎患者的 HCV、HGV重叠感染率不同。     

Vertical transmission of HGV and outcome of the infected babies

To assess the risk of HGV mother-to-infant transmission and the clinical outcome of infected babies, we investigated 103 mother-infant couples and followed-up the infected children for 4-72 months. Twenty (19.4%) mothers were HGV-RNA positive and transmission occurred in ten (50%) babies; only one child acquired HGV and HCV infection. Maternal factors, such as history of intravenous drug use, HCV-RNA positivity, HIV coinfection, type of delivery and type of feeding were not related to HGV transmission. One HGV infected baby showed a mild hepatitis when he was also infected by Cytomegalovirus. Two babies cleared HGV within the first year of life. The HGV transmission rate is elevated but HGV infection seems to be benign, at least in a short-term follow-up.     

Demonstration of HCV-RNA and HBV-DNA in the serum of HBsAg negative patients with hepatocellular carcinoma

Forty patients with chronic liver disease and HCC were analyzed for infection with hepatitis C (HCV) and hepatitis B (HBV) viruses. All patients were negative for HBsAg, 16 were alcoholics, 6 had previous blood transfusions and 18 had sporadic chronic hepatitis. Antibodies to HCV were determined by EIA 2nd generation. HBV-DNA was detected by PCR using primers of the precore region. Analysis of HCV-RNA was done with nested PCR amplifying the 5 non-coding region of the HCV genome, using primers complementary to nucleotides 1–20 and 305–320 and nested primers complementary to nucleotides 21–31 and 271–286 of the HCV-J1. Anti-HCV were positive in 35/40 patients (87.5%). HCV-RNA was detected by PCR in 34 patients (85%) all of them positive for the anti-HCV. HCV-RNA was detected in 70.5% of the alcohol abusers, in 100% of patients with history of transfusion(s) and 94.1% of patients with cryptogenic chronic liver disease. HBV-DNA was detected in only 2 patients. In conclusion, there is a high rate of HCV and a low rate of HBV viremia detected by PCR in Spanish patients with HCC HBsAg negative. No patient without anti-HCV presents HCV-RNA. Our results suggest that persistent HCV replication may play a role in hepatic carcinogenesis, as HBV-DNA could be found in only 5% of our HCC patients.This work was presented in part at the Biennial Scientific Meeting of the IASL (Brighton 1992) and at the 27th EASL meeting (Vienna 1992)     

沈阳地区重型肝炎血清中庚型肝炎病毒核酸的检测

为调查重型肝炎的庚型肝炎病毒 ( HGV)的感染状况。我们应用逆转录 -巢式聚合酶链反应 ( Rt- nested PCR)检测了 4 9例重型肝炎患者血清中的庚型肝炎病毒核酸 ( HGV RNA)。结果显示 :8例 HGV RNA阳性 ( 16.3% ) ,其中 6例死亡 ( 75% ) ;8例 HGV感染的重型肝炎患者中 7例重叠感染乙型肝炎病毒 ( HBV)或丙型肝炎病毒 ( HCV) ,1例为单纯 HGV感染。提示 :HGV与其它肝炎病毒重叠感染及单纯 HGV感染均可引起重型肝炎 ;而且其临床表现较重 ,病死率高。     

乙型、丙型、庚型肝炎病毒多重感染研究

目的探讨庚型肝炎感染患者是否存在双重感染和多重感染。方法应用庚型肝炎病毒（ＨＧＶ）ＮＳ３区逆转录聚合酶链反应技术检测了ＨＧＶ系列稀释的质控血清及ＡｂｂｏｔＧＢＶ－Ｃ参比样品中ＨＧＶＲＮＡ，并对９０例丙型肝炎病毒（ＨＣＶ）ＲＮＡ阳性和１２例乙型肝炎、丙型肝炎双重感染献血员进行了ＨＧＶＲＮＡ的检测。结果ＨＧＶ系列稀释质控血清１０－１～１０－５均为阳性；１０－６为阴性。２份ＡｂｂｏｔＧＢＶ－Ｃ样品均为ＨＧＶＲＮＡ阳性。９０例ＨＣＶＲＮＡ阳性样品中，８例ＨＧＶＲＮＡ阳性（１７．８％）；１２例乙、丙双重感染者中４例（４／１２）ＨＧＶＲＮＡ阳性。结论不仅存在ＨＣＶ及ＨＧＶ双重感染，也存在多重感染。