广东地区急性呼吸道感染儿童人类博卡病毒的流行状况

目的 了解广东地区急性呼吸道感染患儿人类博卡病毒(HBoV)的感染情况.方法 收集广东地区2007年6月至2008年5月期间呼吸道感染患儿的鼻咽分泌物447份,采用PCR法检测HBoV衣壳蛋白(VP)基因片段,阳性标本作核酸序列测定,并与基冈库中的已知序列进行序列比对和系统进化树分析.结果 447例呼吸道感染患儿标本中HBoV阳件率为5.1%.其中10例患儿与其他病毒混合感染,占阳性标本的43.5%.阳件患儿的主要临床诊断为喘息性肺炎、毛细支气管炎和支气管肺炎,年龄分布从42 d到6岁,主要集中在1岁以内,HBoV感染的季节分布偏向夏、秋及晚春.经序列比对和进化树分析.阳性株的VP基因片段与瑞典株ST1的核酸及氨基酸序列同源性分别为97.8%～98.8%及99.3%～100.0%.结论 HBoV是广东地区儿童下呼吸道感染的重要病原之一,且在1岁以内患儿中高发.该地区HBoV流行株的VP基因片段较为保守,但也存在导致氨基酸改变的突变株.     

C组轮状病毒主要基因全片段扩增及武汉地方株Wu82的VP6和VP7编码基因序列分析

目的建立C组轮状病毒VP6、VP7、VP4和NSP4基因全片段扩增方法;明确武汉地方株Wu82与其他毒株的系统发生关系。腹泻患者大便。方法PAGE筛查病毒;设计9对引物RT-PCR扩增VP6、VP7、VP4和NSP4基因;VP6、VP7序列及亲水位点分析。结果Wu82VP6和VP7基因核酸序列与其它人C组轮状病毒相比同源性分别为98.45%～97.12%和99.34%～94.83%。结论C组轮状病毒基因非常保守,进化缓慢。2001年武汉地方株Wu82与1995年武汉地方株208株相比,VP7和VP6抗原表位存在差异。     

人博卡病毒全基因组序列测定与种系分析

目的了解福州地区人博卡病毒(HBoV)在儿童呼吸道感染中的检出情况,并对其进行全基因组序列测定和种系分析。方法收集2007年11月至2008年10月在福建省妇幼保健院因下呼吸道感染住院的重症监护病房的57例小儿鼻咽抽取物标本,用一对特异引物通过PCR扩增法对HBoV基因片段进行检测,对检测出的2例HBoV(FZ1和FZ40)用7对全序列引物进行扩增和拼接,获得这两株病毒全基因组序列,上传GenBank并与基因库中国内外其它10株HBoV的全基因组序列和各氨基酸序列进行比对,并做种系分析。结果FZ1株基因组序列全长为5299bp,与HBoV参考株st2株序列长度相同;而FZ40株的基因组序列全长少2bp。病毒全基因组编码4种蛋白,分别是非结构蛋白NS1、核蛋白NP-1和衣壳蛋白VP1、VP2。结论种系分析显示福州的FZ40株与浙江温岭的WLL-1株关系较近,而FZ1株与北京的两株及泰国的CU6株关系较近。     

粤东地区喘息性疾病患儿中人偏肺病毒的检出与病原学初步研究

目的 了解人类偏肺病毒(hMPV)在粤东地区的感染情况与小儿感染的临床特征.方法 采用逆转录-聚合酶链式反应法(RT-PCR)对粤东地区喘息性疾病儿童和健康体检儿童共323例的鼻咽抽吸物及咽拭子进行hMPV基因筛查,然后随机挑选6份RT-PCR扩增阳性产物进行纯化测序,将测序结果与Genbank中的多株hMPV N蛋白基因序列进行比较和进化树分析.分析hMPV感染患儿的临床资料.结果 240份小儿喘息性疾病呼吸道标本中,检测到hMPV病毒阳性12例(阳性率5%),3、4月份为发病高峰.阳性均为年龄较小患儿.6份hMPV阳性标本目标基因部分核苷酸序列与GenBank中公布的多株hMPV N基因同源性达80.8%～98.4%.核苷酸序列基因进化树分析显示存在2种不同的基因型.12例hMPV阳性患儿均表现咳嗽、低热、及喘息等临床症状;临床诊断为毛细支气管炎8例、喘息型肺炎4例.83份健康体检儿童的呼吸道标本中均未检测到hMPV特异性基因片段.结论 hMPV是粤东地区婴幼儿喘息性疾病的重要病毒性病原体之一.粤东地区流行的hMPV株存在2种不同的基因型.     

粤东地区喘息性疾病患儿中人偏肺病毒的检出与病原学初步研究

目的 了解人类偏肺病毒(hMPV)在粤东地区的感染情况与小儿感染的临床特征.方法 采用逆转录-聚合酶链式反应法(RT-PCR)对粤东地区喘息性疾病儿童和健康体检儿童共323例的鼻咽抽吸物及咽拭子进行hMPV基因筛查,然后随机挑选6份RT-PCR扩增阳性产物进行纯化测序,将测序结果与Genbank中的多株hMPV N 蛋白基因序列进行比较和进化树分析.分析hMPV感染患儿的临床资料.结果 240份小儿喘息性疾病呼吸道标本中,检测到hMPV病毒阳性12例(阳性率5%),3、4月份为发病高峰.阳性均为年龄较小患儿.6份hMPV阳性标本目标基因部分核苷酸序列与 GenBank中公布的多株hMPV N基因同源性达80.8%～98.4%.核苷酸序列基因进化树分析显示存在2种不同的基因型.12例hMPV阳性患儿均表现咳嗽、低热、及喘息等临床症状;临床诊断为毛细支气管炎8例、喘息型肺炎4例.83份健康体检儿童的呼吸道标本中均未检测到hMPV特异性基因片段.结论 hMPV是粤东地区婴幼儿喘息性疾病的重要病毒性病原体之一.粤东地区流行的hMPV株存在2种不同的基因型.     

柯萨奇B3病毒VP1基因序列及系统发生树分析

目的研究柯萨奇B组3型病毒MKP株结构蛋白VP1基因序列及变异性。方法在Hela细胞中增殖病毒,应用RT-PCR扩增目的基因片段,与pMD18-T载体连接,鉴定后测序,进行序列同源性及系统发生分析。结果CVB3/MKP株VP1基因含930个碱基,编码310个氨基酸,与其他参考株比,核苷酸同源性在82.50%以上,氨基酸同源性在95.47%以上,CVB3/MKP株VP1基因与Nancy株聚簇。结论CVB3/MKP株VP1基因与Nancy株在进化上属同一分支。CVB3/MKP株与CVB3/P株在系统发生树中的距离最近。     

2011年龙岩市流行株柯萨奇病毒A组16型VPl基因特征分析

目的分析2011年龙岩市流行的柯萨奇病毒A组16（CVA16）分离株的分子生物学特征。方法对从龙岩市2011年散发的手足口病（HFMD）患者标本中分离CVA16病毒,采用逆转录-聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）扩增VPl基因片段全长,并对扩增产物测序。根据VPl基因核苷酸序列与国内外其他CVA16毒株序列构建进化树,并进行核苷酸和氨基酸同源性分析。结果 4株龙岩分离株CVA16核苷酸同源性为99%~100%。比较推导的氨基酸序列,VP1不存在位点差异,氨基酸序列完全相同。对分离株病毒进行VP1核苷酸序列两两差异分析,与国内其他分离株VP1基因序列的一致性为87%~100%。确定4株CVA16病毒均属于B1b基因型。结论引起2011年龙岩市HFMD流行的CVA16病毒均为B1b基因型,与目前国内其他地区流行毒株高度同源。     

中国广西登革3型病毒分离株基因组序列特征分析

目的对我国广西登革3型病毒分离株桂登-1株(GD-1株)和桂登-11株(GD-11株)进行全基因组序列测定和分析,为了解其地理来源提供依据。方法根据GenBank提交的登革3型病毒基因序列设计9对引物,RT-PCR方法分段扩增GD-1和GD-11株基因序列,测序后进行拼接,得到其全基因组序列。结果两株病毒全长均为10 707nt,与国际参考株H87株核苷酸同源性为96.0%,氨基酸同源性为98.8%。GD-1株和GD-11株间仅有4个氨基酸差异,二者与H87株分别存在39和41个氨基酸差异。对3’UTR二级结构进行预测,二者与H87株存在较大差异。根据E蛋白基因序列对两株病毒进行进化分析,GD-1和GD-11均属于亚型Ⅱ,与分离自泰国的两毒株进化关系较近。结论 GD-1和GD-11均属于登革3型病毒亚型Ⅱ,二者可能是源自泰国的病原。     

2011年上海地区轻、重症手足口病患者肠道病毒71型分离株VP1、VP4区的基因特征分析

目的 了解2011年上海地区手足口病重症和轻症患儿中肠道病毒71型(EV71)分离株VP1、VP4区的基因特征.方法 对来自2011年重症与轻症手足口病患儿的各5株EV71分离株进行VP1、VP4全序列的RT-PCR扩增测序,并与美国国立生物技术信息中心公布的EV71 A、B、C基因型代表株进行核苷酸、氨基酸比对分析和系统进化分析.结果 轻、重症患儿的EV71分离株之间VP1基因的核苷酸同源性为96.0％～98.1％;VP4基因的核苷酸同源性为93.7％～99.5％.轻、重症患儿的EV71分离株与C基因型代表株比较接近,VP1区核苷酸同源性分别为86.9％～98.2％、87.4％o～98.5％,VP4区核苷酸同源性分别为85.5％～100.0％、84.5％～99.5％,其中与2008年安徽省阜阳市的EV71流行株(C4亚型)VP1区核苷酸同源性分别可达97.0％～98.2％、97.9％～98.5％,VP4区核苷酸同源性分别可达96.1％～100.0％、97.1％～99.5％.3例重症患儿分离株在VP1和VP4的天冬酰胺(N)282丝氨酸(S)、苏氨酸(T)7丙氨酸(A)同时发生变异.结论 2011年上海地区10例轻、重症手足口病患儿中分离的EV71流行株均属C基因型的C4亚型;3例重症患儿分离株在VP1和VP4的N282S、T7A同时发生变异.     

2010年福建省肠道病毒71型分离株的基因型特征研究

摘 要:目的 全面研究和了解肠道病毒71型在福建省的遗传背景,分析和探讨肠道病毒71型在我省的基因型地理分布特征及传播特征。方法 对2010年福建省9个设区市的 50株EV71分离株进行VP1区全长基因序列测定,并对核苷酸序列进行同源性比较及遗传进化分析。结果 2010年福建省50株EV71型分离株的VP1区核苷酸序列全长均为891个bp,核苷酸及氨基酸序列同源性比较,50株EV71型分离株之间的VP1区核苷酸序列同源性为95.4%-100%,编码蛋白氨基酸序列同源性为97.3%-100%,与08年阜阳流行株Fuyang17.08-2同源性最高,核苷酸序列同源性为97.1%-99.3%,氨基酸序列同源性为98.7%-100%;VP1区基因遗传进化分析,与Fuyang17.08-2株进化关系较为接近,同属于C4a基因亚型。结论 2010年福建省50株EV71型分离株均属于C4a基因亚型,未产生明显的抗原漂移及变异;福建省及各个地市均分布亲缘关系较近的C4a基因亚型的EV71多传播链病毒,应加强长期动态地监测和分析。关键词:肠道病毒71型;VP1区;基因型特征;     

Prevalence and Molecular Characterization of Human Bocavirus Detected in Croatian Children with Respiratory Infection

Human bocavirus (HBoV) 1 is considered an important respiratory pathogen, while the role of HBoV2-4 in clinical disease remains somewhat controversial. Since, they are characterized by a rapid evolution, worldwide surveillance of HBoVs’ genetics is necessary. This study explored the prevalence of HBoV genotypes in pediatric patients with respiratory tract infection in Croatia and studied their phylogeny. Using multiplex PCR for 15 respiratory viruses, we investigated 957 respiratory samples of children up to 18 years of age with respiratory tract infection obtained from May 2017 to March 2021 at two different hospitals in Croatia. Amplification of HBoV near-complete genome or three overlapping fragments was performed, sequenced, and their phylogenetic inferences constructed. HBoV was detected in 7.6% children with a median age of 1.36 years. Co-infection was observed in 82.2% samples. Sequencing was successfully performed on 29 HBoV positive samples, and all belonged to HBoV1. Croatian HBoV1 sequences are closely related to strains isolated worldwide, and no phylogenetic grouping based on mono- or co-infection cases or year of isolation was observed. Calculated rates of evolution for HBoV1 were 10⁻⁴ and 10⁻⁵ substitutions per site and year. Recombination was not detected among sequences from this study.     

Human bocavirus amongst an all‐ages population hospitalised with acute lower respiratory infections in Cambodia

Please cite this paper as: Arnott et al. (2013) Human bocavirus amongst an all‐ages population hospitalised with acute lower respiratory infections in Cambodia. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses 7(2) 201–210. Background Human bocavirus (HBoV) is a novel parvovirus that is associated with respiratory and gastrointestinal tract disease. Objectives To investigate the prevalence and genetic diversity of HBoV amongst hospitalized patients with acute lower respiratory infection (ALRI) in Cambodia. Study Design Samples were collected from 2773 patients of all ages hospitalised with symptoms of ALRI between 2007 and 2009. All samples were screened by multiplex RT‐PCR/PCR for 18 respiratory viruses. All samples positive for HBoV were sequenced and included in this study. Results Of the samples tested, 43 (1·5%) were positive for HBoV. The incidence of HBoV did not vary between the consecutive seasons investigated, and HBoV infections were detected year‐round. The incidence of HBoV infection was highest in patients aged <2 years, with pneumonia or bronchopneumonia the most common clinical diagnosis, regardless of age. A total of 19 patients (44%) were co‐infected with HBoV and an additional respiratory pathogen. All isolates were classified as HBoV type 1 (HBoV‐1). High conservation between Cambodian NP1 and V1V2 gene sequences was observed. Conclusions Human bocavirus infection can result in serious illness, however is frequently detected in the context of viral co‐infection. Specific studies are required to further understand the true pathogenesis of HBoV in the context of severe respiratory illness.     

Human bocavirus infection in young children in the United States: molecular epidemiological profile and clinical characteristics of a newly emerging respiratory virus

BACKGROUND: Human bocavirus (HBoV) is a newly identified human parvovirus that was originally identified in the respiratory secretions of children with respiratory tract disease. To further investigate the epidemiological profile and clinical characteristics of HBoV infection, we screened infants and children <2 years of age (hereafter referred to as "children") for HBoV. METHODS: Children for whom respiratory specimens submitted to a diagnostic laboratory tested negative for respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza viruses (types 1-3), influenza A and B viruses, and adenovirus, as well as asymptomatic children, underwent screening for HBoV by use of polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Respiratory specimens were obtained from the children from 1 January 2004 through 31 December 2004. RESULTS: Twenty-two (5.2%) of the 425 children who had a respiratory specimen submitted to the diagnostic laboratory and 0 of the 96 asymptomatic children were found to be positive for HBoV by PCR (P=.02). Fever, rhinorrhea, cough, and wheezing were observed in > or =50% of the HBoV-positive children. Of the 17 children who had chest radiography performed, 12 (70.6%) had abnormal findings. HBoV appeared to have a seasonal distribution. Nucleotide polymorphisms were detected in the viral capsid protein (VP) 1/VP2 genes. Two distinct HBoV genotypes circulated during the study period. CONCLUSIONS: HBoV is circulating in the United States and is associated with both upper and lower respiratory tract disease in infants and young children.     

Clinical and molecular epidemiology of human bocavirus in respiratory and fecal samples from children in Hong Kong

BACKGROUND: Human bocavirus (HBoV) is a recently discovered parvovirus associated with respiratory tract infections in children. We conducted the first systematic prospective clinical and molecular study using nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPAs) and fecal samples. METHODS: NPAs negative for influenza virus, parainfluenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus, adenovirus, and coronavirus and fecal samples from patients with acute gastroenteritis were included. On the basis of results from a pilot study using 400 NPAs from all age groups, a prospective 12-month study was conducted to detect HBoV in 1,200 NPAs and 1,435 fecal samples from patients <18 years old by polymerase chain reaction. The complete genome sequences of HBoVs from 12 NPAs and 12 fecal samples were determined. RESULTS: Of the 400 NPAs collected in the pilot study, 20 (5.0%) were found to contain HBoV, all from children <5 years old. In the subsequent prospective study of pediatric patients, HBoV was detected in 83 (6.9%) of 1,200 NPAs. Upper and lower respiratory tract infections were equally common. HBoV was detected in 30 (2.1%) of 1,435 fecal samples. Fever and watery diarrhea were the most common symptoms. The seasonality of HBoV in NPAs and fecal samples was similar. Codetection with other pathogens occurred in 33% and 56% of NPAs and fecal samples, respectively, from patients with HBoV infection. Genomes of HBoVs from NPAs and fecal samples displayed minimal sequence variations. CONCLUSIONS: HBoV was detected in fecal specimens in children with acute gastroenteritis. A single lineage of HBoV was associated with both respiratory tract and enteric infections.     

山东省间日疟原虫MSP-1和CSP等位基因型及同源性分析

目的分析山东省间日疟原虫MSP-1和CSP基因类型及其同源性,为病例溯源提供科学依据。方法采集2011年山东省报告的12例间日疟患者血样,提取疟原虫基因组DNA;分别根据间日疟原虫MSP-1和CSP基因序列设计引物,进行巢式PCR扩增、酶切、测序、序列比对及同源性分析。结果 12份间日疟患者血样MSP-1基因全部出现470bp扩增条带以及350、120 bp酶切片段,均为Sal-1型;MSP-1进化树分析显示,9份省内感染者样品序列同属一个分枝,1份印度感染者样品序列与印度分离株位于同一分枝。12份间日疟患者样品CSP基因均包含GDRA(D/A)GQPA序列,为PV-Ⅰ型,其中10份省内感染者和1份广东感染者样品CSP基因出现560~840 bp和150~230 bp两种扩增条带,为PV-Ⅰ型温带族,1份在印度感染者样品CSP基因仅出现560~840 bp条带,为PV-Ⅰ型热带族。CSP进化树表明,10份省内感染者及1份广东感染者样品序列同属一个分枝,1份在印度感染者样品序列与印度和印度尼西亚分离株位于同一分枝。结论山东省本地感染间日疟原虫MSP-1基因型均为Sal-1型,CSP基因型均为PV-Ⅰ型温带族,本地虫株具有较强的基因同源性。     

Epidemiological profile and clinical associations of human bocavirus and other human parvoviruses

BACKGROUND: Human bocavirus (HBoV) and PARV4 are newly discovered human parvoviruses. HBoV, which was first detected in respiratory samples, has a potential role in the development of human respiratory disease. The present study compared the frequencies, epidemiological profiles, and clinical backgrounds of HBoV and PARV4 infections with those of other respiratory virus infections, by evaluating diagnostic samples referred to the Specialist Virology Laboratory (SVL) at the Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh (Edinburgh, United Kingdom). METHODS: Anonymized samples and study subject information were obtained from the respiratory sample archive of the SVL. Samples were screened for HBoV, PARV4, B19, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), adenoviruses, influenza viruses, and parainfluenza viruses by use of nested polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: HBoV infection was detected in 47 (8.2%) of 574 study subjects, ranking third in prevalence behind RSV infection (15.7%) and adenovirus infection (10.3%). Peak incidences of HBoV were noted among infants and young children (age, 6-24 months) during the midwinter months (December and January) and were specifically associated with lower respiratory tract infections. HBoV infections were frequently accompanied by other respiratory viruses (frequency, 43%), and they were more prevalent among individuals infected with other respiratory viruses (17%), frequently adenovirus or RSV. All respiratory samples were negative for PARV4. CONCLUSIONS: In the present study, HBoV was a frequently detected, potential respiratory pathogen, with a prevalence and an epidemiological profile comparable to those of RSV. Identification of HBoV infections may be clinically important in the future.     

贵州白纹伊蚊感染沃尔巴克氏体以及WO噬菌体的初步调查

目的了解贵州白纹伊蚊种群中沃尔巴克氏体(Wolbachia)以及WO噬菌体的感染情况。方法于2017年在贵州省贵阳市、都匀市、铜仁市、凯里市、遵义市、兴义市、贵安新区、毕节市采用勺舀法采集白纹伊蚊幼虫标本,实验室饲养至成蚊。提取雌蚊基因组DNA,PCR扩增沃尔巴克氏体表面蛋白基因(Wolbachia surface protein,wsp)和WO噬菌体衣壳蛋白的核糖体S7基因(Ribosomal S7 gene,orf7)。分别从8个地区的阳性检测标本中随机选取10个样品进行测序,使用DNAStar 7.0软件分析基因的基本特征;采用MEGA 4.0软件对所获基因序列进行分析比对,并构建系统进化树;采用SPSS 20.0软件对WO噬菌体侵染wAlbA、wAlbB株沃尔巴克氏体的检测结果进行关联性分析。结果贵州省8个地区的白纹伊蚊wAlbA和wAlbB株沃尔巴克氏体超感染率为84.30%(322/382),wAlbA株、wAlbB株沃尔巴克氏体单感染率分别为4.97%(19/382)和3.66%(14/382),WO噬菌体的感染率为76.44%(292/382)。通过测序获得沃尔巴克氏体的wsp序列,其中wAlbA株(379 bp)80条,wAlbB株(501 bp)78条;获得WO噬菌体的orf7序列(263 bp)73条。比对分析显示贵州省8个地区获得所有wAlbA株、wAlbB株的wsp序列、orf7序列的同源性均为100%。确切概率法分析WO噬菌体侵染与wAlbA和wAlbB株沃尔巴克氏体超感染有关联性(P<0.05)。结论贵州白纹伊蚊种群普遍感染WO噬菌体和沃尔巴克氏体,且以超感染wAlbA和wAlbB株沃尔巴克氏体为主。WO噬菌体主要侵染的对象是超感染wAlbA和wAlbB株的沃尔巴克氏体。