颅通定对猪肺动脉平滑肌细胞胞浆游离钙浓度的影响

采用钙荧光探针Ｆｕｒａ－２／ＡＭ观察了颅通定对培养的猪肺动脉平滑肌细胞胞浆游离钙浓度（［Ｃａ＾２＋］ｉ）的影响。结果发现：颅通定可显著抑制高钾和ＢａｙＫ８６４４所致的［Ｃａ＾２＋］ｉ增加，并且有剂量－效应关系，对静息状态［Ｃａ＾２＋］ｉ无明显影响，其作用与维拉帕米相似，但较弱。提示：颅通定降低平滑肌细胞［Ｃａ＾２＋］ｉ的作用与其抑制电压依赖性钙通道有关，此为其降压作用机制之一。     

异鼠李素对兔主动脉血管平滑肌细胞胞内游离钙浓度的影响

观察异鼠李素对血管平滑肌细胞内游离钙浓度的影响。方法：采用新一代钙荧光探剂Ｆｌｕｏ－３／ＡＭ检测Ｉｓｏ对培养的兔主动脉血管平滑肌细胞（ＶＳＭＣ）「Ｃａ＾２＋」ｉ在高Ｋ＾＋、去甲肾上腺素、血管紧张不Ⅱ刺激作用下的改变,并与Ｖｅｒｐａｍｉｌ进行对照研究。     

新型重组人肿瘤坏死因子对大鼠肝细胞及小鼠肝组织中钙稳度的影响

目的;研究新型重组人肿瘤坏死因子（ｒｈＴＮＦ－ＮＣ）对培养大鼠肝细胞内游离Ｃａ＾２＋浓度（「Ｃａ＾２＋」ｉ）及小鼠肝组织中Ｃａ６２＋含量的影响。方法：以Ｆｕｒａ－２／ＡＭ为Ｃａ＾２＋荧光检测,荧光分光光度法测定培养大鼠肝细胞内「Ｃａ＾２＋」ｉ;原子吸收分光光度法测定小鼠肝组织中Ｃａ＾２＋含量。结果：在加入ｒｈＴＮＦ－ＮＣ ３ｈ后,可剂量依赖性地引起培养大鼠肝细胞内「Ｃａ＾２＋」ｉ显著升高。     

高钾离子引起PC12细胞内游离Ca2+浓度升高的机制

目的：分析高钾离子（Ｋ＾＋）引起ＰＣ１２细胞内游离钙离子浓度（［Ｃａ＾２＋］ｉ）升高的可能机制。方法：利用ＭｉｒａＣａｌ Ｉｍｉａｇｅ Ｓｙｓｔｅｍ检测［Ｃａ＾２＋］ｉ，Ｃａ＾２＋荧光探针为Ｆｕｒａ－２／ＡＭ。结果：（１）ＫＣ１浓度为３０￣１００ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ时，可剂量依赖性地诱导ＰＣ１２细胞［Ｃａ＾２＋］ｉ升高；（２）在细胞外无Ｃａ＾２＋时，高Ｋ＾＋对ＰＣ１２细胞［Ｃａ＾２＋］ｉ无影响；（３）Ｌ－     

17β—雌二醇对人的类成骨细胞HOS TE85胞内游离钙,IP3及？…

目的 观察１７β－雌二醇（Ｅ２０）对成骨细胞内游离钙（「Ｃａ＾２＋」ｉ）１,４,５,－三磷酸肌醇（ＩＰ３）含量及钙调蛋白（ＣａＭ）含量的影响。方法 以Ｆｌｕｏ－３／ＡＭ为钙荧光指示剂,采用激光共聚焦显微系统测定细胞内钙荧光值的改变,以反映「Ｃａ＾２＋」ｉ含量的变化。用阳离子交换法测定ＩＰ３含量。以测定钙依赖的磷酸二酯酶活性方法测定ＣａＭ含量。     

氯化钾除极对分离的豚鼠心室肌细胞胞浆内[Ca^2＋]i的影响

用酶解法分离单个豚鼠心室肌细胞，以荧光探针Ｆｌｕｏ－３／ＡＭ标记胸浆内游离钙离子，用激光扫人聚焦显微镜实时测定胞浆内「Ｃａ＾＋」变化。分别观察了在正常台氏液和无钙台氏液中３０ｍｍｏｌ／ＬＫＣｌ除极对胞浆内「Ｃａ＾２＋」ｉ的影响。     

知管紧张素Ⅱ及其拮抗剂对纱膜细胞内游离钙的影响

目的 探讨Ｌｏｓａｒｔａｎ拮抗局部肾素－血管紧张系（ＲＡＳ）对预防高血压致肾脏靶器官损伤的意义,方法 应用细胞培养和Ｆｕｒａ－２方法,观察血管紧张素Ⅱ和血管紧张素Ⅱ型受体（ＡＴ１受体）拮抗剂Ｌｏｓａｒｔａｎ对自发性高血压大鼠（ＳＨＲ）和正常血压大鼠（ＷＫＹ）肾小球系膜细胞内游离钙浓度的影响。结果 ＡｎｇⅡ使ＳＨＲ系膜细胞「Ｃａ＾２＋」ｉ增高,对ＷＫＹ无影响;ＡｎｇⅡ对ＳＨＲ系膜细胞「Ｃａ＾２＋」ｕ     

梭曼中毒复合缺氧损伤对PC12细胞游离钙的影响

目的：探索钙在梭曼中毒神经细胞损伤中的作用及其机理。方法：采用Ｃａ＾２＋指示剂Ｆｕｒａ－２作为细胞内钙离子荧光探针，检测了梭曼中毒复合缺氧损伤时ＰＣ１２细胞内「Ｃａ＾２＋」的变化。结果：单纯梭曼对细胞内「Ｃａ＾２＋」，无明显影响，在乙酰胆碱和／或谷氨酸存在的情况下，梭曼中毒明显升高「Ｃａ＾２＋」，单纯缺氧也可使「Ｃａ＾２＋」升高，梭曼中毒复合缺氧损伤「Ｃａ＾２＋」升高更加明显。尼莫地平可对抗梭中毒     

大鼠学习,记忆过程中突触体胞浆游离Ca^2＋的变化

目的：研究大鼠主动回避反应（ＡＡＲ）训练后，海马，额叶皮层突触体胞浆游离「Ｃａ＾２＋」的变化。方法：采用Ｆｕｒａ－２／ＡＭ荧光探针测定突触体胞浆游离「Ｃａ＾２＋」与行为训练相结合的方法：结果：大鼠主动回避反应习得后，静息状态下突触体胞浆游离「Ｃａ＾２＋」与对照给相比无变化；在去极化（ＫＣｌ、Ｇｌｕ刺激下）时，突触体胞浆游离「Ｃａ＾２＋」显著增高，这一变化主要由于触体外Ｃａ＾２＋内流易化所致；而主动     

电针对家兔高血压及心肌细胞游离钙镁浓度的影响

利用ＡＲ－ＣＭ－ＣＯＭ阳离子测定系统和离子探针Ｆｕｒａ－２－ＡＭ及Ｆｕｒａｐｔｒａ－ＡＭ，观察了电针在治疗家兔实验性高血压时心肌细胞内游离钙离子２和游离镁离子２（「Ｍｇ＾２＋」）的变化情况，静脉滴注去甲肾上腺素（ＮＥ）造在家兔实验性高血压，心肌细胞（「Ｃａ＾２＋」），随血压升高而增大，「Ｍｇ＾２＋」，则降低，「Ｃａ＾２＋」／「Ｍｇ＾２＋」，比值升高，电针两侧“足三里”穴位后，治疗有兔血压明显降低，     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.