骨碎补各种提取成分对人骨髓间充质干细胞的影响

目的初步探讨骨碎补水提液、醇提液以及骨碎补的有效成分柚皮甙对人骨髓间充质干细胞（human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells，hMSCs）增殖、分化的影响。方法将骨碎补水提液、醇提液和骨碎补的有效成分柚皮甙与hMSCs共同体外培养，倒置显微镜观察描述细胞生长情况、CCK-8法检测每组药液对细胞的毒性和增殖作用、碱性磷酸酶（ALP）活性测定，图文报告分析系统检测Von Kossa染色的钙结节，统计学处理所得数据。结果与空白对照组比较，1mg／L骨碎补水提液、50μg／L骨碎补醇提液与50μg／L柚皮甙能促进hMSCs增加（P〈0．05），50μg／L骨碎补醇提液与50μg／L柚皮甙能促进其向成骨细胞分化（P〈0．05）。结论骨碎补水提液、醇提液与柚皮甙对hMSCs有保护作用并能分别促进其增殖、分化。     

补骨合剂对体外培养骨髓基质细胞分化影响的观察

观察不同浓度的补骨合剂对体外培养骨髓基质细胞(MSC)分化的影响，探讨补骨合剂促进MSC分化的作用机理。检测不同浓度的补骨合剂对MSC分化过程中碱性磷酸酶(ALP)比活性和细胞内骨钙素(BGP)含量的影响，以及观察ALP和矿化结节染色情况，并与密钙息作对照。结果发现：补骨合剂有促进分化中的MSC分泌ALP、BGP的作用，从而加速MSC向成骨细胞分化，其作用原理与密钙息作用原理基本相同。     

骨碎补柚皮苷对人牙周韧带细胞增殖和成骨分化潜能的影响

目的:探讨骨碎补柚皮苷对人牙周韧带细胞的增殖能力以及成骨分化潜能的影响.方法:MTT法检测在含有不同浓度骨碎补柚皮苷的细胞培养液中人牙周韧带细胞的增殖特性;检测不同浓度骨碎补柚皮苷作用后人牙周韧带细胞中碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性的改变.结果:骨碎补柚皮苷≥0.01 μmol/L时能增进人牙周韧带细胞增殖(P<0.05),并能增加其ALP活性(P<0.05).结论:骨碎补柚皮苷可提高人牙周韧带细胞的增殖能力及成骨分化的潜能.     

环孢素A联合脂多糖对牙周膜成纤维细胞生物学活性的影响

 目的 探讨环孢素A(CsA)联合牙龈卟啉单胞菌脂多糖(Pg-LPS)对人牙周膜成纤维细胞(PDLFs)生物学活性的影响。方法 将CsA（100 ng/mL）、LPS（100 ng/mL）分别单独及联合作用于人PDLFs,采用考马斯亮蓝染色、ELISA、Von kossa染色等方法检测其对PDLFs总蛋白量、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、骨形成蛋白2（BMP-2）及矿化结节形成的影响。 结果 CsA单独及与LPS联合应用可促进细胞总蛋白的合成,增加细胞ALP活性及BMP-2的表达,并促进细胞矿化结节的早期形成;LPS单独应用可增加细胞的ALP活性,但对细胞的总蛋白合成、BMP-2的表达及矿化结节的早期形成无明显影响。。结论 一定浓度的CsA促PDLFs合成、分化作用明显,CsA联合LPS在促进细胞分化方面具有一定的协同作用。     

骨碎补总黄酮对大鼠成骨细胞VEGF和FGF-2表达的影响

目的：观察骨碎补总黄酮对体外培养大鼠成骨细胞血管内皮生长因子（vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF）和成纤维细胞生长因子2（fibroblast growth factor 2,FGF-2）表达以及碱性磷酸酶（alkaline phosphatase,ALP）活性和矿化结节的影响。方法：在大鼠成骨细胞体系中加入不同浓度的骨碎补总黄酮作用24 h和48 h。采用ELISA和RT-PCR法检测VEGF和FGF-2表达变化,PNPP法检测ALP活性以及von Kossa染色检测矿化结节形成。结果：骨碎补总黄酮可刺激VEGF和FGF-2,使其在蛋白和mRNA水平表达均明显升高,显著提高成骨细胞ALP的活性和促进矿化结节的形成。结论：骨碎补总黄酮可提高成骨细胞VEGF和FGF-2的表达,促进其成骨作用。     

低氧抑制人骨髓间充质干细胞向成骨细胞分化

目的 探讨低氧对人间充质干细胞(hMSCs)分化为成骨细胞的影响,为骨组织工程学提供实验依据.方法 根据培养氧浓度及培养液类型随机分为4组:正常氧组(n)(20%O2 DMEM-LG),低氧组(h)(1%O2WDMEM-LG),正常氧成骨诱导组(nos)(20%O2 条件培养液)及低氧成骨诱导(hos)(1%O2 条件培养液).观察细胞形态变化,检测碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性,定量分析ALP、I型胶原蛋白(COLIA2)、骨钙素(OC)及骨粘连蛋白(BSP)mRNA表达情况,钙结节使用茜素红染色.结果 与nos组相比,n、h及hos组hMSCs生长形态改变不明显,并且不受条件培养液的影响.hos组hMSCs的ALP活性逐渐增高,但明显低于nos组,两者差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);培养4周后,与其它组相比,nos组的hMSCs可见到明显的染成红色的钙结节及钙盐沉积.定量RT-PCR检测,nos组hMSCs的ALP、OC、COLIA2及BSP mRNA表达量从7 d时开始明显增加,ALP 14 d后达到峰值,随后活性开始降低,OC、COL1A2及BSPmRNA继续增高,hos组ALP及BSP mRNA 14 d后开始增加,但明显低于nos组(均P<0.05).结论 低氧环境在体外抑制hMSCs成骨细胞分化,延迟hMSCs成骨.     

杜仲对大鼠骨髓基质细胞增殖及成骨分化影响的实验研究

目的:观察杜仲含药血清对骨髓基质细胞(BMSCs)增殖、成骨分化的影响,探讨其促进骨折愈合的细胞学机制。方法:SD大鼠18只,随机分为杜仲水提物、醇提物和对照组,每组各6只,分别灌胃相应药物取含药血清,观察各含药血清对BMSCs的影响,进行碱性磷酸酶染色、茜素红染色观察和碱性磷酸酶比活性、骨钙素含量测定。结果:碱性磷酸酶染色、茜素红染色除空白对照组外均有钙复合物形成,碱性磷酸酶比活性、骨钙素含量空白较对照组高。结论:杜仲有促进BMSCs增殖和成骨分化的作用。     

培养的人骨髓间充质干细胞向成骨细胞、脂肪细胞分化

目的探讨体外培养的人骨髓间充质干细胞(MSCs)向成骨细胞、脂肪细胞分化的方法,以及钙结节形成、Ⅰ型胶原表达等情况. 方法分离人骨髓间充质干细胞,经过原代培养和传代培养,分别加入成骨诱导、脂肪诱导培养体系,经过倒置显微镜观测与HE染色了解诱导后细胞形态变化,并通过von Kossa染色、Ⅰ型胶原免疫组化染色、苏丹黑染色与油红O法染色鉴定细胞的性质.另取2代细胞体外培养,加入成骨诱导分化试剂,以碱性磷酸酶(ALP)为检测指标计数细胞阳性率,比较成骨诱导1、2、3、4周时细胞碱性磷酸酶的变化.结果体外培养的MSCs在合适的条件下能够向成骨细胞、脂肪细胞分化.细胞经成骨诱导2～3周时细胞碱性磷酸酶阳性率最高,达到85%.结论 MSCs体外培养在一定条件下向成骨细胞、软骨细胞与脂肪细胞分化,体外培养时形成钙结节,并表达Ⅰ型胶原.培养2～3周后细胞经成骨诱导分化细胞ALP阳性率较高.     

骨形态发生蛋白-7在雷奈酸锶促进骨髓间充质干细胞成骨分化过程中的作用

目的探讨骨形态发生蛋白-7(BMP-7)在雷奈酸锶(Strontium ranelate,Sr)促进大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞(BMSCs)向成骨细胞分化中的作用。方法体外分离培养4周龄大鼠BMSCs,取第3~4代,用细胞碱性磷酸酶标法检测不同浓度Sr作用下碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性的表达;用茜素红染色法检测钙结节的表达;用Western blot测定BMP-7的表达水平。结果在0.1~3.0 mmol/L的浓度范围内,Sr呈浓度依赖性地增加ALP活性,其浓度为3 mmol/L时,ALP活性表达最高,并明显促进钙结节的表达;Sr(0.1~3.0 mmol/L)呈浓度依赖性地上调BMP-7表达,其中浓度为3 mmol/L时,BMP-7表达最高;BMP-7阻断剂(noggin)(100 ng/ml)不仅抑制Sr诱导的BMP-7表达,而且使ALP活性及钙结节的表达明显下降。结论 Sr可通过上调BMP-7表达促进BMSCs向成骨细胞分化。     

浓缩生长因子提取液对牙龈间充质干细胞增殖及成骨分化的促进作用

目的 探讨浓缩生长因子提取液(CGFe)对人牙龈间充质干细胞(GMSCs)增殖以及成骨分化的影响。方法 体外培养GMSCs,实验组采用含CGFe的α-MEM(含10%的胎牛血清)培养细胞,对照组使用不含CGFe的α-MEM(含10%的胎牛血清)培养细胞。MTT法测定GMSCs细胞的增殖情况,成骨诱导1、3、5、7 d检测碱性磷酸酶(ALP)的活性,14 d和21 d进行茜素红染色检测细胞形成钙结节的情况,激光共聚焦显微镜观察细胞骨架形态。结果 与对照组相比,实验组在第1、3、5天的吸光度有显著提高,P<0.05。在评价GMSCs的ALP活性时,实验组在第1、3、5、7 d的吸光度显著高于对照组,P<0.05或<0.01。评价成骨分化活性,采用茜素红(Sigma)染色检测矿化结节。实验组在第7、14 d钙结节整体吸光度明显高于对照组,P<0.01。结论 CGFe能够促进GMSCs增殖以及成骨分化。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.