高血压患者依那普利、阿罗洛尔治疗前后血浆内皮素、心钠素的变化

目的:探讨内皮素(ET)与心钠素(ANP)在高血压发病和治疗学中的意义. 方法:60例原发性高血压(EH)患者口服依那普例5～10 mg/d或阿罗洛尔20～30 mg/d,疗程为6周,放免法测定治疗前后血浆ET和ANP水平. 结果:EH患者血ET、ANP水平明显高于对照组(P＜0.05),Ⅱ期高血压患者血ET水平高于Ⅰ期(P＜0.01),ANP的变化与分期无关(P＞0.05).治疗后,两组患者血压明显下降(P＜0.01).依那普利组患者血ET、ANP水平均下降,阿罗洛尔组血ET水平没有变化(P＞0.05),而ANP水平升高(P＜0.01). 结论:ET、ANP在高血压发病中起重要作用,二者的变化及相互作用对降压药物作用的发挥有重要作用.     

高血压患者依那普利、阿罗洛尔治疗前后血浆心钠素的变化

<正> 本研究测定了60例原发性高血压(EH)患者的血浆心钠素(ANP)含量及口服依那普利和阿罗洛尔对其的影响.1.对象和方法门诊轻、中度EH患者60例,舒张庄(DBP)95-114mmHg,收缩压(SBP)<200mmHg(1mmHg=0.133kPa),继发性高血压除外.其中,男33例,女14例,年龄18～65岁.平均(52.6±13.8)岁,随机分为依那普利组和阿罗洛尔组,每组各30例,两组间患者基础情况、血压、心率无显著差异.停用降压药物两周后分别口服依那普利片(悦宁定,杭州默沙东公司,5mg/片),5-10mg/d,每日一次;阿罗洛尔片(阿尔马尔,日本住友株式会社,10mg/片),10-20mg/d,每日两次,均治疗六周.治疗前后分别测血压并留取血标本.正常对照组30例,为体检健康人员.以放射免疫法测定血浆ANP水平(药盒购自解放军总医院东亚免疫研究所).统计方法用t检验.     

高血压患者依那普利,阿罗洛尔不治疗前后血浆内皮素,心钠素的变化

目的：探讨内皮素（ＥＴ）与心钠素（ＡＮＰ）在高血压发病和治疗学中的意义。方法：６０例原发性高血压（ＥＨ）患者口服依那普例５￣１０ｍｇ／ｄ或阿罗洛尔２０￣３０ｍｇ／ｄ,疗程为６周,放免法测定治疗前后血浆ＥＴ和ＡＮＰ水平。结果：ＥＨ患者血ＥＴ、ＡＮＰ水平明显高于对照组（Ｐ〈０．０５）,Ⅱ期高血压患者血ＥＴ水平高于Ⅰ期（Ｐ〈０．０１）,ＡＮＰ的变化与分期无关（Ｐ〉０．０５）。治疗后,两组患者血压明显下降     

依那普利对高血压患者血浆内皮素水平的影响

放射免疫分析法测定３０例高血压患 衣那普利降压治疗前及治疗３周时血浆内皮素含量，并和随测血压及２４ｈ动态血压作相关分析。结果显示，服药前内皮素水平较对照组显著增高，与血压升高的程度呈显著正相关；服药后内皮素水平显著下降，但仍高于对照组。     

依那普利对高血压患者血浆内皮素水平的影响

放射免疫分析法（RIA）测定30例高血压患者依那普利降压治疗前及治疗3周时血浆内皮素含量，并和随测血压及24h动态血压作相关分析．结果显示，服药前内皮素水平较对照组显著增高（P＜0.001），与血压升高的程度呈显著正相关；服药后内皮素水平显著下降（P＜0．001），但仍高于对照组（P＜0．01）。提示内皮素在高血压发病中起重要作用。依那普利的降压作用可能与降低内皮素水平有关。     

肾血管性高血压大鼠心脏肥厚不同时期血浆及组织心钠素、内皮素含量变化

目的 了解高血压心脏病左室结构、功能变化时血浆及心肌组织中心钠素(atrial natriuretic peptide ANP)、内皮素(endothelin ET)含量变化。方法 应用放免法监测二肾一夹意义型(2K1C)肾血管性高血压大鼠(RHR)血浆及心肌组织中ANP、ET含量变化，并根据超声心动图评价高血压大鼠心脏结构、功能动态变化，将高血压大鼠进行分组。结果 高血压左室向心性肥厚期血浆及心肌组织(左心室)中ANP、ET含量明显升高；左室离心性肥厚期血浆ET较向心性肥厚期组更高，但心肌组织中ET含量与其无显著差别，而血浆及心肌组织中．ANP含量均较向心性肥厚期组低。结论 2K1C型高血压大鼠血浆及心肌组织中ANP、ET含量均升高；血浆ET与．ANP含量变化在左室肥厚中可能起着更为重要作用。     

原发性高血压患者氯沙坦治疗前后血浆内皮素及心房钠尿肽的变化

原发性高血压 (EH)是一种严重威胁人类健康的临床综合征 ,近年来人们逐渐认识到内皮素 (ET- 1)是促进 EH发展的重要因素 ,而心房尿钠肽 (ANP)为内源性 ET拮抗剂。本文作者探讨二者在 EH中的作用及氯沙坦对它们的影响。1　对象和方法1.1　对象　 EH组 48(男 37,女 11)例 ,年龄 5 2± 9(31～ 6 8)岁。均符合 1999年 WHO/ISH对 EH的诊断标准 [1 ] , 级 16例 , 级 18例 , 级 13例。对照组健康体检者 30 (男 18,女12 )例 ,年龄 6 0± 8(2 8～ 74)岁。1.2　方法　 EH患者用氯沙坦 5 0 mg/d,连服 2周。服药前 1d及服药 2周后的清晨 ,与对…     

氯沙坦对老年高血压患者血浆内皮素及心钠素的影响

原发性高血压 (ＥＨ)是一种严重威胁人类健康的临床综合征 ,近年来人们逐渐认识到内皮素 (ＥＴ 1)是促进ＥＨ发展的重要因素 ,而心钠素 (ＡＮＰ)为内源性ＥＴ拮抗剂。我们于 1999年 6月至 2 0 0 0年 3月通过研究老年ＥＨ患者ＥＴ 1及ＡＮＰ含量 ,探讨两种肽类在老年ＥＨ中的作用、相互关系以及氯沙坦对它们的影响。　　一、对象与方法　　 1.对象 :选择老年ＥＨ患者 5 2例 (ＥＨ组 ) ,男 38例 ,女14例 ,年龄 6 6～ 82岁 ,平均 (71 2± 10 6 )岁 ,经临床及实验室检查排除继发性高血压 ,其中Ⅰ级 19例 ,Ⅱ级 2 2例 ,Ⅲ级 11例 ;对照组 2 8名 …     

氯沙坦对老年高血压患者血浆内皮素及心钠素的影响

原发性高血压是一种严重威胁人类健康的临床综合征,近年来人们逐渐认识到内皮素是促进原发性高血压发展的重要因素,而心钠素为内源性内皮素拮抗剂.我们通过对老年原发性高血压患者内皮素及心钠素含量的研究,探讨两种肽类在老年原发性高血压中的作用、相互关系以及氯沙坦对其的影响.     

肾血管性高血压大鼠心脏肥厚不同时期血浆及组织心钠素、内皮素含量变化

目的了解高血压心脏病左室结构、功能变化时血浆及心肌组织中心钠素(atrial natriuretic peptide ANP)、内皮素(endothelin ET)含量变化.方法应用放免法监测二肾一夹意义型(2K1C)肾血管性高血压大鼠(RHR)血浆及心肌组织中ANP、ET含量变化,并根据超声心动图评价高血压大鼠心脏结构、功能动态变化,将高血压大鼠进行分组.结果高血压左室向心性肥厚期血浆及心肌组织(左心室)中ANP、ET含量明显升高;左室离心性肥厚期血浆ET较向心性肥厚期组更高,但心肌组织中ET含量与其无显著差别,而血浆及心肌组织中ANP含量均较向心性肥厚期组低.结论 2K1C型高血压大鼠血浆及心肌组织中ANP、ET含量均升高;血浆ET与ANP含量变化在左室肥厚中可能起着更为重要作用.     

高血压患者血浆内皮素,心房肽的变化及缓释维拉帕米的影响

目的探讨原发性高血压病人的血浆内皮素（ＥＴ）和心房肽（ＡＮＰ）的水平以及缓释维拉帕米对它们的影响。方法采用特异性放免法测定３６例原发性高血压病人的血浆内皮素、心房肽以及口服缓释维拉帕米后的变化。结果原发性高血压患者的血浆ＥＴ、ＡＮＰ明显高于正常人对照组（Ｐ＜０．００１，Ｐ＜０．００２）。高血压各期血浆ＥＴ差别很显著，ＥＴ的升高与疾病的严重程度平行，而高血压各期间血浆ＡＮＰ差别不大。经口服缓释维拉帕米治疗后原发性高血压病人血浆ＥＴ含量明显下降（Ｐ＜０．００１）而ＡＮＰ没有明显变化。结论血浆ＥＴ的增高可能是原发性高血压的一个重要的致病因子，缓释维拉帕米在降低血压的同时也可以降低血浆ＥＴ的含量     

Prolonged Low Dose Infusion of Atrial Natriuretic Factor in Essential Hypertension

The C-terminal fragment of atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) was infused intravenously at 0.5 pmol/kg/min during 12 hours in 6 patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension, and in 6 normotensive volunteers, all recumbent and well hydrated, under a daily intake of 200 and 120 mmoles of sodium and potassium, respectively. Plasma C-terminal ANF tended to increase during ANF and to decrease during vehicle infusions. Plasma concentrations of the N-terminal fragment of ANF decreased by 20 to 40% (p < 0.05) during ANF and remained unchanged following vehicle infusion, suggesting that exogenous ANF reduces endogenous ANF secretion. ANF increased significantly plasma cyclic guanosine monophosphate (p < 0.01) from 3.1 ± 0.4 to 4.3 ± 0.8 and from 2.8 ± 0.4 to 5.1 ± 0.5 nmol/L in controls and patients respectively. ANF reduced systolic diastolic blood pressure during the last 8 hours of the infusion, by about 5% (p = 0.055) in patients, but did not alter blood pressure in controls. Sodium excretion during ANF increased 42% vs vehicle (p < 0.05), in the patients group and remained unchanged in controls. Hematocrit levels increased significantly in both groups with ANF infusion. We conclude that a prolonged infusion of ANF at a physiological rate causes a modest increase in plasma cyclic guanosine monophosphate, hemoconcentration, and reduces endogenous ANF secretion. It also stimulates diuresis and natriuresis and slightly reduces systolic blood pressure in patients with essential hypertension.     

Dissociation of Plasma Atrial Natriuretic Peptide Responses to Upright Posture and Furosemide Administration in Patients with Normal-, Low Renin Essential Hypertension and Primary Aldosteronism

Plasma levels of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) were measured in patients with normal renin essential hypertension (n = 12), low renin essential hypertension (n = 11) and primary aldosteronism due to aldosterone producing adenoma (APA, n = 8) and idiopathic hyperaldosteronism (IHA, n = 3) after overnight rest in the supine position and after 4 h upright posture and furosemide administration. Plasma renin activity (PRA) and aldosterone (Aldo) levels were also determined. Compared to normal renin essential hypertension (33.6± 2.2 pg/ml), basal plasma ANP was significantly higher in low renin essential hypertension (66.8± 6 pg/ml), IHA (54.1± 6.3 pg/ml) and APA before (62.4± 4.9 pg/ml) but not after adrenal surgery (22± 3 pg/ml). After upright posture and furosemide administration plasma ANP was decreased (p < 0.01) in patients with low renin and, less markedly, with normal renin essential hypertension, however not in IHA and APA. In about half of the patients with low renin essential hypertension, unchanged PRA after upright posture and furosemide administration was associated with increased plasma Aldo and decreased ANP levels. We conclude that (i) the relatively high basal plasma ANP levels in low renin essential hypertension, IHA and APA may reflect the presence of volume expansion in these patients; (ii) the hormonal responses to upright posture and furosemide administration in patients with normal and low renin essential hypertension may indicate a counterregulatory role of ANP during activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system; (iii) the high plasma ANP, which is unresponsive to upright posture and furosemide administration, in patients with APA and IHA may be a potentially interesting new finding whose pathophysiological significance remains to be established.     

高血压患者内皮素和一氧化氮与血压节律相关性的研究

目的 :探讨高血压患者血浆内皮素 (ET)和血清一氧化氮(NO)与血压节律的相关性。方法 :2 8例高血压患者和 1 7例血压正常人进行动态血压监测和 ET,NO测定。结果 :高血压组 ET增加 ,NO下降。2 8例高血压患者按动态血压监测结果分为勺型和非勺型组 ,在非勺型组 ,ET明显增高(5 3.3± 1 9.1 vs37.8± 1 0 .0 ng/ L) ,NO明显降低 (33.4± 1 2 .7vs 48.4± 1 1 .1 mg/ L ) ;且夜间血压下降与 ET负相关 (r=- 0 .5 2 ,P<0 .0 5 ) ,NO正相关 (r=0 .5 4,P<0 .0 5 )。结论 :高血压病患者内皮素和一氧化氮水平可能参与昼夜血压节律的调节     

高血压病左室肥厚患者血浆脑利钠肽与心房利钠肽的变化

目的研究高血压病左心室肥厚患者血浆利钠肽水平的变化，探讨肥厚的左心室心脏内分泌的病理生理改变。方法106例高血压患者人选，其中56例伴左心室肥厚(LVH)，50例无LVH，另有30例健康个体为参照。放射免疫法测定脑利钠肽(BNP)和心房利钠肽(ANP)。结果高血压LVH组在排血分数属正常范围时，即有血浆BNP和ANP显著高于无LVH组，无LVH的高血压病人血浆ANP与BNP与健康人相似。结论LVH的高血压患者在心脏功能失代偿前，心脏利钠肽已出现代偿性合成和分泌增加。     

Plasma Concentrations of Atrial Natriuretic Factor and Hemodynamics in Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension

Plasma values of atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) were evaluated in 31 women with pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) and 31 normal pregnant women at the same age of gestation. In 27 women with PIH and 27 normal pregnant women forearm venous tone (FVT) was evaluated by Strain Gauge Plethysmography. Forearm vascular resistance (FVR) was measured as the ratio of mean blood pressure (MBP) to forearm blood flow. In addition Cardiac Index (CI) by means of transthoracic electrical bioimpedance and total peripheral vascular resistance (TPR) (with the Frank Equation) were also measured. In comparison with the normal pregnant women, the women with PIH had similar values of hematocrit (as an index of plasma volume) and significantly higher levels of FVR and TPR, while ANF plasma values did not differ significantly. Subdividing the women with PIH in relation to the presence of proteinuria (20.3 g/l), those with proteinuria, in addition to significantly higher levels of FVR and TPR, had significantly higher levels of FVT than normal pregnant women, while ANF plasma values were higher even though the difference was only near the level of significance. Hypertensive women with proteinuria also had higher values of FVT than hypertensive women without proteinuria. By means of multiple regression ANF did not show any significant correlations with hematocrit or sodium excretion. Hypertension with proteinuria seems to represent a more severe form of the disease in which, in addition to the probable influence of other factors such as the renin-angiotensin and prostaglandin systems, a greater increase in peripheral sympathetic tone than in hypertension alone appears to be present, causing a reduction in venous compliance in addition to the elevation in FVR and TPR, with increase in central blood volume and atrial stretch. This may explain the higher ANF plasma levels in these patients in comparison with normal pregnant women, even though the absence of a significant correlation of ANF with hematocrit and the fact that ANF increase was only near the level of significance may suggest a change in the relation between ANF secretion and atrial volume receptors in pregnancy either normal or complicated by hypertension. ANF does not seem to play an important role in water and sodium excretion in PIH probably because of the presence of very high plasma levels of hormones such as aldosterone, progesterone and oestriol which, together with renal prostaglandins, seem to be involved in diuresis and natriuresis in pregnancy.     

高血压患者血浆内皮素的改变及培哚普利对其影响

对Ⅱ期高血压患者31例和正常对照组23例血浆内皮素（ET）含量进行测定并比较其与平均动脉压（MAP）、舒张压（DBP）的关系。同时对高血压组行培哚普利治疗，观察治疗前后血浆ET的变化。结果表明，（1）高血压组血浆ET（88.72±39.65ng／L)高于对照组（33.82±22.51ng／L，P＜0.01）；（2）随着舒张压水平升高，血浆ET水平逐步提高，在中度和重度高血压组，两者间均呈正相关（P分别＜0.05和＜0.01）；（3）培哚普利治疗后，血浆ET降至40.53±18.59ng／L（P＜O.001）。