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1.
Wireless body area network (WBANs) is composed of sensors that collect and transmit a person’s physiological data to health-care providers in real-time. In order to guarantee security of this data over open networks, a secure data transmission mechanism between WBAN and application provider’s servers is of necessity. Modified medical data does not provide a true reflection of an individuals state of health and its subsequent use for diagnosis could lead to an irreversible medical condition. In this paper, we propose a lightweight certificateless signcryption scheme for secure transmission of data between WBAN and servers. Our proposed scheme not only provides confidentiality of data and authentication in a single logical step, it is lightweight and resistant to key escrow attacks. We further provide security proof that our scheme provides indistinguishability against adaptive chosen ciphertext attack and unforgeability against adaptive chosen message attack in random oracle model. Compared with two other Diffie-Hellman based signcryption schemes proposed by Barbosa and Farshim (BF) and another by Yin and Liang (YL), our scheme consumes 46 % and 8 % less energy during signcryption than BF and YL scheme respectively. 相似文献
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A Wireless Body Area Sensor Network (WBASN) is composed of a set of sensor nodes, placed on, near or within a human body.
WBASNs opt to continuously monitor the health conditions of individuals under medical risk, e.g., elders and chronically ill
people, without keeping them in a hospital or restraining their motion. A WBASN needs to stay connected to local or wide area
networks using wireless technologies in order to send sensor readings to a medical center. The WBASN nodes are implanted within
the human body and would thus have limited energy supply. Since the mission of the WBASN is very critical, increasing the
lifetime of nodes is essential in order to maintain both practicality and effectiveness. This paper presents a new Gateway
Selection Algorithm (GSA) that factors in the use of energy harvesting technologies and dynamically picks the most suitable
WBASN node that serves as a gateway to other wireless networks. The goal of GSA is to balance the load among the nodes by
adaptively changing the gateway node in WBASN depending on the energy reserve of nodes. Computer modeling and simulations
of the proposed GSA are carried out using OPNET. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed GSA
approach. 相似文献
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A Comprehensive Survey of Wireless Body Area Networks 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Sana Ullah Henry Higgins Bart Braem Benoit Latre Chris Blondia Ingrid Moerman Shahnaz Saleem Ziaur Rahman Kyung Sup Kwak 《Journal of medical systems》2012,36(3):1065-1094
Recent advances in microelectronics and integrated circuits, system-on-chip design, wireless communication and intelligent
low-power sensors have allowed the realization of a Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN). A WBAN is a collection of low-power,
miniaturized, invasive/non-invasive lightweight wireless sensor nodes that monitor the human body functions and the surrounding
environment. In addition, it supports a number of innovative and interesting applications such as ubiquitous healthcare, entertainment,
interactive gaming, and military applications. In this paper, the fundamental mechanisms of WBAN including architecture and
topology, wireless implant communication, low-power Medium Access Control (MAC) and routing protocols are reviewed. A comprehensive
study of the proposed technologies for WBAN at Physical (PHY), MAC, and Network layers is presented and many useful solutions
are discussed for each layer. Finally, numerous WBAN applications are highlighted. 相似文献
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IEEE 802.15.4 technology provides one solution for low-rate short range communications. Based on the integrated superframe
structure of IEEE 802.15.4, a novel low-delay traffic-adaptive medium access control (LDTA-MAC) protocol for wireless body
area networks (WBANs) is proposed in the paper. In LDTA-MAC, the guaranteed time slots (GTSs) are allocated dynamically according
to the traffic load. At the same time, the active portion of superframe is kept to be a reasonable duration to decrease the
energy consumption of the network devices. Moreover, for the successful GTS requests, the related data packets are transmitted
in the current superframe instead of waiting more time to reduce the average packet delay. Simulations are conducted to evaluate
the network performance and verify our protocol design. Comparing with IEEE 802.15.4, the results reveal LDTA-MAC accommodates
more devices access to the network and reduces the packet delay obviously without the cost of more energy consumption. 相似文献
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Internet of Things (IoT) provides the collection of devices in different applications in which Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) is placed an crucial role. The WBAN is a wireless sensor network consisting of sensor nodes that is collected from IoT which is implanted in the human body to remotely monitor the patient’s physiological signals without affecting their routine work. During emergency situations or life-threatening situations there is a need for a better performance to deliver the actual data with an efficient transmission and there is still a challenge in efficient remote monitoring. So, in this paper an application for cross layer protocol design architecture of Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA) has been proposed. It replaces the protocol architecture of WBAN (IEEE 802.15.6), WMAN (IEEE 802.16), and 3G, WLAN (IEEE 802.11) or wired networks. The lightweight secure system provides secure data transmission and access control mechanisms by using ECDA-based proxy signature algorithm. The efficiency of the system is implemented using simulation models that were developed using NS-2, and the results obtained shows an optimum solution in terms of delay, PDR, throughput, jitter, packet transmission time, dropping ratio and packet delivery. The viability of the methodology proposed is illustrated by the response. 相似文献
7.
In this study, Random Contention-based Resource Allocation (RACOON) medium access control (MAC) protocol is proposed to support the quality of service (QoS) for multi-user mobile wireless
body area networks (WBANs). Different from existing QoS designs that focus on a single WBAN, a multiuser WBAN QoS should further
consider both inter-WBAN interference and inter-WBAN priorities. Similar problems have been studied in both overlapped wireless
local area networks (WLANs) and Bluetooth piconets that need QoS supports. However, these solutions are designed for non-medical
transmissions that do not consider any priority scheme for medical applications. Most importantly, these studies focus on
only static or low mobility networks. Network mobility of WBANs will introduce unnecessary inter-network collisions and energy
waste, which are not considered by these solutions. The proposed multiuser-QoS protocol, RACOON, simultaneously satisfies
the inter WBAN QoS requirements and overcomes the performance degradation caused by WBAN mobility. Simulation results verify
that RACOON provides better latency and energy control, as compared with WBAN QoS protocols without considering the inter-WBAN
requirements. 相似文献
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Wireless body area networks (WBANs) comprises a number of sensor nodes and the portable mobile device such as smartphone. It is used to monitor the physical condition and provide a reliable healthcare system. Utilizing the wireless communication network, sensor nodes collect the physiological data of one patient to the portable mobile device and the latter analyzes and transmits them to the application providers. Therefore, the personal data confidentiality and user privacy are cores of WBANs. Recently, Shen et al. presented a multi-layer authentication protocol for WBANs, which is lightweight and much easier to implement. However, we observe that their authentication between sensor nodes and the portable mobile device could ensure the forward security property only when the sensor nodes are changed (add or delete). When the sensor nodes are constant, the security property is not satisfied. Meanwhile, the authentication between the portable mobile device and application provider is prone to mutual impersonation attack, so the critical goal of mutual authentication can not be achieved. In this paper, an improved two-layer authentication scheme is proposed to remove the flaws. The analysis shows that our method is more secure and could withstand various attacks. 相似文献
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Wireless medical sensor networks (WMSN) comprise of distributed sensors, which can sense human physiological signs and monitor the health condition of the patient. It is observed that providing privacy to the patient’s data is an important issue and can be challenging. The information passing is done via the public channel in WMSN. Thus, the patient, sensitive information can be obtained by eavesdropping or by unauthorized use of handheld devices which the health professionals use in monitoring the patient. Therefore, there is an essential need of restricting the unauthorized access to the patient’s medical information. Hence, the efficient authentication scheme for the healthcare applications is needed to preserve the privacy of the patients’ vital signs. To ensure secure and authorized communication in WMSN, we design a symmetric key based authentication protocol for WMSN environment. The proposed protocol uses only computationally efficient operations to achieve lightweight attribute. We analyze the security of the proposed protocol. We use a formal security proof algorithm to show the scheme security against known attacks. We also use the Automated Validation of Internet Security Protocols and Applications (AVISPA) simulator to show protocol secure against man-in-the-middle attack and replay attack. Additionally, we adopt an informal analysis to discuss the key attributes of the proposed scheme. From the formal proof of security, we can see that an attacker has a negligible probability of breaking the protocol security. AVISPA simulator also demonstrates the proposed scheme security against active attacks, namely, man-in-the-middle attack and replay attack. Additionally, through the comparison of computational efficiency and security attributes with several recent results, proposed scheme seems to be battered. 相似文献
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Fasee Ullah Abdul Hanan Abdullah Omprakash Kaiwartya Yue Cao 《Journal of medical systems》2017,41(6):93
Recently, Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) has witnessed significant attentions in research and product development due to the growing number of sensor-based applications in healthcare domain. Design of efficient and effective Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol is one of the fundamental research themes in WBAN. Static on-demand slot allocation to patient data is the main approach adopted in the design of MAC protocol in literature, without considering the type of patient data specifically the level of severity on patient data. This leads to the degradation of the performance of MAC protocols considering effectiveness and traffic adjustability in realistic medical environments. In this context, this paper proposes a Traffic Priority-Aware MAC (TraPy-MAC) protocol for WBAN. It classifies patient data into emergency and non-emergency categories based on the severity of patient data. The threshold value aided classification considers a number of parameters including type of sensor, body placement location, and data transmission time for allocating dedicated slots patient data. Emergency data are not required to carry out contention and slots are allocated by giving the due importance to threshold value of vital sign data. The contention for slots is made efficient in case of non-emergency data considering threshold value in slot allocation. Moreover, the slot allocation to emergency and non-emergency data are performed parallel resulting in performance gain in channel assignment. Two algorithms namely, Detection of Severity on Vital Sign data (DSVS), and ETS Slots allocation based on the Severity on Vital Sign (ETS-SVS) are developed for calculating threshold value and resolving the conflicts of channel assignment, respectively. Simulations are performed in ns2 and results are compared with the state-of-the-art MAC techniques. Analysis of results attests the benefit of TraPy-MAC in comparison with the state-of-the-art MAC in channel assignment in realistic medical environments. 相似文献
12.
Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) consists of low-power, miniaturized, and autonomous wireless sensor nodes that enable physicians
to remotely monitor vital signs of patients and provide real-time feedback with medical diagnosis and consultations. It is
the most reliable and cheaper way to take care of patients suffering from chronic diseases such as asthma, diabetes and cardiovascular
diseases. Some of the most important attributes of WBAN is low-power consumption and delay. This can be achieved by introducing
flexible duty cycling techniques on the energy constraint sensor nodes. Stated otherwise, low duty cycle nodes should not
receive frequent synchronization and control packets if they have no data to send/receive. In this paper, we introduce a Traffic-adaptive
MAC protocol (TaMAC) by taking into account the traffic information of the sensor nodes. The protocol dynamically adjusts
the duty cycle of the sensor nodes according to their traffic-patterns, thus solving the idle listening and overhearing problems.
The traffic-patterns of all sensor nodes are organized and maintained by the coordinator. The TaMAC protocol is supported
by a wakeup radio that is used to accommodate emergency and on-demand events in a reliable manner. The wakeup radio uses a
separate control channel along with the data channel and therefore it has considerably low power consumption requirements.
Analytical expressions are derived to analyze and compare the performance of the TaMAC protocol with the well-known beacon-enabled
IEEE 802.15.4 MAC, WiseMAC, and SMAC protocols. The analytical derivations are further validated by simulation results. It
is shown that the TaMAC protocol outperforms all other protocols in terms of power consumption and delay. 相似文献
13.
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are being used in a wide range of applications for healthcare monitoring, like heart rate monitors and blood pressure monitors, which can minimize the need for healthcare professionals. In medical system, sensors on or in patients produce medical data which can be easily compromised by a vast of attacks. Although signature schemes can protect data authenticity and data integrity, when the number of users involved in the medical system becomes huge, the bandwidth and storage cost will rise sharply so that existing signature schemes are inapplicability for WSNs. In this paper, we propose an efficient aggregate signature scheme for healthcare WSNs according to an improved security model, which can combine multiple signatures into a single aggregate signature. The length of such an aggregate signature may be as long as that of an individual one, which can greatly decrease the bandwidth and storage cost for networks. 相似文献
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Selimis G Huang L Massé F Tsekoura I Ashouei M Catthoor F Huisken J Stuyt J Dolmans G Penders J De Groot H 《Journal of medical systems》2011,35(5):1289-1298
In order for wireless body area networks to meet widespread adoption, a number of security implications must be explored to promote and maintain fundamental medical ethical principles and social expectations. As a result, integration of security functionality to sensor nodes is required. Integrating security functionality to a wireless sensor node increases the size of the stored software program in program memory, the required time that the sensor's microprocessor needs to process the data and the wireless network traffic which is exchanged among sensors. This security overhead has dominant impact on the energy dissipation which is strongly related to the lifetime of the sensor, a critical aspect in wireless sensor network (WSN) technology. Strict definition of the security functionality, complete hardware model (microprocessor and radio), WBAN topology and the structure of the medium access control (MAC) frame are required for an accurate estimation of the energy that security introduces into the WBAN. In this work, we define a lightweight security scheme for WBAN, we estimate the additional energy consumption that the security scheme introduces to WBAN based on commercial available off-the-shelf hardware components (microprocessor and radio), the network topology and the MAC frame. Furthermore, we propose a new microcontroller design in order to reduce the energy consumption of the system. Experimental results and comparisons with other works are given. 相似文献
15.
It is of utmost importance to conserve battery energy to the maximum possible extent in WBAN nodes while collecting and transferring medical data. The IEEE 802.15.6 WBAN standard does not specify any method to conserve energy. This paper focuses on a method to conserve energy in IEEE 802.15.6 WBAN nodes when using CSMA/CA, while simultaneously restricting data delivery delay to the required value as specified in medical applications. The technique is to allow the nodes to sleep all the times except for receiving beacons and for transmitting data frames whenever a data frame enters an empty buffer. The energy consumed by the nodes and the average latency of data frame for periodical arrival of data are found out analytically. The analytical results are validated and also the proposed method is compared with other energy conserving schemes, using Castalia simulation studies. The proposed method shows superior performance in both device lifetime and latency of emergency medical data. 相似文献
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在无线传感器网络路由协议中采用多跳通信的方式能够减少通讯距离、增强网络通讯的稳定性并提高网络能量利用效率,但是,由于靠近汇聚节点的簇头需要转发大量数据,容易导致能量快速衰竭而失效,造成“能量空洞”现象。提出了一种新型的基于能量均衡的多跳非均匀分簇路由算法(MUCRA),采用逐层成簇的策略,簇头以一定的半径广播分层信号,划分下一层网络区域非均匀层次,普通的传感器节点和簇头根据分层信息选择合适的网络路径。仿真实验结果表明:与经典的LEACH协议及EEUC协议相比,该算法能有效平衡网络负载,缓解“能量空洞”问题 相似文献
18.
A wireless body sensor network hardware has been designed and implemented based on MICS (Medical Implant Communication Service)
band. The MICS band offers the advantage of miniaturized electronic devices that can either be used as an implanted node or
as an external node. In this work, the prototype system uses temperature and pulse rate sensors on nodes. The sensor node
can transmit data over the air to a remote central control unit (CCU) for further processing, monitoring and storage. The
developed system offers medical staff to obtain patient’s physiological data on demand basis via the Internet. Some preliminary
performance data is presented in the paper. 相似文献
19.
The use of wireless sensor networks (WSN) in healthcare applications is growing in a fast pace. Numerous applications such
as heart rate monitor, blood pressure monitor and endoscopic capsule are already in use. To address the growing use of sensor
technology in this area, a new field known as wireless body area networks (WBAN or simply BAN) has emerged. As most devices
and their applications are wireless in nature, security and privacy concerns are among major areas of concern. Due to direct
involvement of humans also increases the sensitivity. Whether the data gathered from patients or individuals are obtained
with the consent of the person or without it due to the need by the system, misuse or privacy concerns may restrict people
from taking advantage of the full benefits from the system. People may not see these devices safe for daily use. There may
also possibility of serious social unrest due to the fear that such devices may be used for monitoring and tracking individuals
by government agencies or other private organizations. In this paper we discuss these issues and analyze in detail the problems
and their possible measures. 相似文献
20.
Rune Fensli Jan Gunnar Dale Philip O’Reilly John O’Donoghue David Sammon Torstein Gundersen 《Journal of medical systems》2010,34(4):767-775
This paper investigates the benefits of using less intrusive wireless technologies for heart monitoring. By replacing well
established heart monitoring devices (i.e. Holter) with wireless ECG based Body Area Networks (BAN), improved healthcare performance
can be achieved, reflected in (1) high quality ECG recordings during physical activities and (2) increased patient satisfaction.
A small scale clinical trial was conducted to compare both technologies and the results illustrate that the wireless ECG monitor
was able to detect ECG signals intended for arrhythmia diagnostics. Furthermore, from a patient’s perspective, both technologies
were evaluated using three dimensions, namely; hygienic aspects, physical activity, and skin reactions. Results demonstrate
that the wireless ECG BAN showed better performance, especially regarding the hygienic aspects. It was also favourable for
use during physical activities, and the signal quality of the wireless sensor system demonstrated good performance regarding
signal noise and artefact disturbances. This paper concludes that wireless cardiac monitoring systems have significant benefits
from a patient’s perspective, and further clinical trials should be conducted to further evaluate the new ECG based BAN system,
to identify the possibility of widespread adoption and utilisation of wireless technology for arrhythmia diagnostics. 相似文献