CIK细胞联合表柔比星对肝癌的体内外杀伤作用研究

目的 研究CIK细胞联合表柔比星对肝癌细胞BEL-7402的体内外杀伤效应.方法 取健康人外周血单个核细胞,经IFN-γ、IL-1、IL-2、抗CD3单抗诱导CIK细胞成熟,流式细胞仪检测培养第1、7、14 d的CIK细胞表型.Cell Counting Kit-8试剂盒(CCK-8)检测CIK细胞、表柔比星及两者联合对肝癌细胞BEL-7402的体外杀伤效应.用肝癌细胞BEL-7402建立裸鼠皮下移植瘤模型,分为生理盐水对照组、CIK治疗组、表柔比星组、CIK联合表柔比星治疗组(联合组),观察它们对裸鼠移植瘤生长的抑制作用.结果 CIK细胞经多种细胞因子诱导培养后,CD_3~+CD_(56)~+细胞比例明显上升,14 d时CD_3~+CD_(56)~+细胞比例达(46.83±2.53)%,与第1天比差异有显著性(P<0.01),细胞量扩增了近1 000倍.联合组对肝癌细胞的杀伤率明显高于各单独治疗组,差异有显著性(P<0.05).体内实验表明,CIK细胞联合表柔比星可明显抑制裸鼠肝癌细胞种植瘤的生长且无明显副作用.结论 细胞因子活化杀伤细胞疗法联合化疗能显著抑制体内外肝癌细胞BEL-7402的生长,为肝癌的生物化疗提供了实验室依据.     

抗原致敏DC-CIK细胞对肝癌细胞杀伤作用研究

目的 探讨DC-CIK细胞对肝癌细胞的杀伤及抑制作用,为肝癌的特异性细胞免疫治疗提供基础依据.方法 经肝癌BEL-7402细胞株抗原致敏后的DC与CIK细胞共培养,流式细胞仪检测DC、CIK细胞免疫表型,以CCK-8法检测效应细胞对肝癌BEL-7402细胞的杀伤活性,以ELISA法检测效应细胞因子IL-12、IFN-γ...     

黄芪总提取物促进PBMC对肝癌细胞的体外杀伤作用

目的 观察黄芪总提取物(TAE)与人外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)联用对肝癌细胞株BEl-7402的体外杀伤作用.方法 MTT法及流式细胞术分别检测TAE与PBMC在单独、联合应用情况下对BEL-7402细胞的杀伤活性,Burgi修正公式评价药物联合应用对细胞杀伤效果是否具有协同作用,ELISA法检测TAE对PBMC分泌IFN-γ、TNF-α 细胞因子的影响.结果 TAE与PBMC联用对肝癌细胞BEl-7402具有协同杀伤作用.TAE预先与PBMC孵育后两者协同杀伤作用明显增强.TAE可以刺激PBMC分泌IFN-γ、TNF-α细胞因子.结论 TAE可以促进PBMC对肝癌细胞的体外杀伤能力,二者联用具有协同杀伤作用,其作用机制可能是TAE刺激PBMC分泌IFN-γ和TNF-α以增强免疫杀伤能力.     

绿脓杆菌制剂对人肝癌细胞株BEL-7402的杀伤效应

目的探索绿脓杆菌制剂对人肝癌细胞BEL-7402的杀伤效应。方法采用MTT法检测不同浓度的绿脓杆菌制剂对人肝癌细胞BEL-7402增殖的作用,同时利用电子显微镜、透射电镜观察细胞BEL-7402的形态学变化。结果MTT检测表明：绿脓杆菌制剂为10×107/mL、5×107/mL、2.5×107/mL时对肝癌细胞生长杀伤作用与对照组比较差异有高度统计学意义（P〈0.01）;电子显微镜、透射电镜观察发现肝癌细胞BEL-7402于12、24 h出现凋亡形态学改变,40 h形态学表现为凋亡与坏死并存。结论绿脓杆菌制剂对肝癌细胞BEL-7402生长有抑制作用,诱导细胞凋亡及坏死可能是主要作用机制。     

CIK细胞体外杀伤人肝癌细胞免疫学机制的实验研究

目的 探讨CIK(cytokine induced killer)细胞体外杀伤人肝癌细胞的机制。方法 取健康志愿者的成分血,用淋巴细胞分离液密度梯度离心法分离获得外周血单个核细胞(PBMC),采取本室常规方法培养诱导成CIK细胞。体外诱导CIK杀伤人肝癌细胞,电镜下观察肝癌细胞的形态特征改变;用TUNEL法检测肝癌细胞的凋亡;免疫细胞化学法检测并比较FasL在单个核细胞和CIK细胞表面的表达;用MTT法检测抗FasL单克隆抗体对CIK细胞杀伤肝癌细胞活性的影响。结果 电镜观察CIK细胞能促进细胞凋亡超微结构的改变,表现为细胞固缩、微绒毛脱失、核染色体边集、核固缩;TUNEL LI的分析显示：CIK作用后肝癌细胞凋亡指数明显增高;FasL在CIK细胞表达增加;抗Fas单抗可抑制CIK杀伤肝癌细胞的活性。结论 免疫活性细胞CIK能诱导肝癌细胞的凋亡,Fas／FasL途径在其中起一定的作用。     

抗坏血酸对亚砷酸诱导肝癌细胞凋亡的协同效应

目的 探讨增强亚砷酸(AT)抑癌效应的有效途径。方法 体外培养肝癌细胞株BEL-7402，采用MTT和免疫印迹法，观察亚砷酸杀伤肝癌细胞诱导其凋亡及对凋亡蛋白caspase-3的作用和抗坏血酸(AA)对亚砷酸抑癌效应的影响。结果 AT作用肝癌细胞72h能明显抑制肝癌细胞的恶性生长，诱导胞内caspase-3激活；AA对肝癌细胞恶性生长无明显的抑制作用，但能显著地增强AT的杀伤效应，促进caspase-3激活诱导肝癌细胞凋亡。结论 抗坏血酸能有效提高亚砷酸的抑癌效应，其机制为增强AT诱导细胞凋亡作用。     

3种不同来源CIK对食管癌细胞杀伤作用的比较

目的探讨3种不同来源细胞因子诱导的杀伤细胞(cytokine-induced killer,CIK)对食管癌细胞杀伤作用的差异。方法采用密度梯度离心法从健康人和食管癌患者外周血、脐血中分离获得单个核细胞,以细胞因子为诱导剂制备CIK;采用直接细胞计数法比较CIK的增殖速度;流式细胞仪检测CIK的细胞表型;MTT法比较三者对食管癌细胞的杀伤作用。结果 3种不同来源单个核细胞的CD3+CD56+表型细胞所占百分比比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),经14d诱导后,其CIK的CD3+CD56+表型细胞所占百分比较诱导前有显著提高(P<0.05);脐血来源的CIK增殖速度明显高于健康人和食管癌患者外周血来源CIK(P<0.05);脐血CIK的食管癌细胞杀伤活性最强。结论脐血来源的CIK体外增殖快,对食管癌细胞的杀伤活性强。     

WT1抗原负载的DC联合CIK对鼻咽癌细胞的体外杀伤活性研究

目的：探讨WT1抗原负载的树突状细胞（DC）诱导多种细胞因子诱导的杀伤细胞（CIK）对鼻咽癌细胞（CNE）的体外杀伤效应。方法采用密度梯度离心法获取外周血单个核细胞,常规法诱导DC、CIK细胞;流式细胞技术分析测定细胞表型;MIT法分别测定在4个不同效靶比时CIK、DC＋CIK和WT1抗原负载的DC＋CIK三组效应细胞对鼻咽癌细胞（ CNE）的杀伤活性。结果在4个不同效靶比时WT1抗原负载的DC诱导CIK对鼻咽癌细胞的体外杀伤效应明显高于CIK、DC＋CIK。结论 WT1抗原负载的DC诱导CIK对鼻咽癌细胞（ CNE）的体外杀伤效应增强,为肿瘤临床生物免疫治疗提供了实验室基础。     

细胞因子诱导的杀伤细胞对Lewis肺癌细胞的抑瘤作用及抑瘤机制的研究

目的观察细胞因子诱导的杀伤(cytokine induced killer,CIK)细胞对Lewis肺癌细胞增殖和Lewis肺癌移植瘤生长的抑制作用,探讨其抑瘤机制。方法常规方法培养CIK细胞,以CIK细胞为效应细胞,Lewis肺癌细胞为靶细胞,以不同效靶比共同培养,MTT法检测细胞增殖情况,同时电镜观察Lewis肺癌细胞形态特征改变;流式细胞仪检测Lewis肺癌细胞的凋亡;免疫细胞化学法检测并比较FasL在单个核细胞和CIK细胞表面的表达;用MTT法检测抗FasL单克隆抗体对CIK细胞杀伤Lewis肺癌细胞的影响;用ELISA方法检测Lewis肺癌荷瘤小鼠脾细胞上清液中IL-2、IL-4、IFN-γ和TNF-α浓度。结果电镜观察:CIK细胞能促进Lewis肺癌细胞凋亡超微结构的改变;流式细胞仪检测:CIK细胞组凋亡率明显高于对照组;FasL在CIK细胞表达增加;抗Fas单抗可抑制CIK杀伤Lewis肺癌细胞的活性;CIK细胞治疗的Lewis肺癌小鼠脾细胞培养上清液中细胞因子水平明显高于对照组。结论CIK细胞可在体内及体外抑制Lewis肺癌细胞增殖,诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡,Fas/FasL途径在其中发挥一定作用,同时CIK细胞抗肿瘤作用可能与淋巴细胞活化和分泌细胞因子有关。     

大体系冻存对细胞因子诱导的杀伤细胞免疫表型及细胞杀伤活性的影响

目的探讨大体系(50 mL)冻存对细胞因子诱导的杀伤(CIK)细胞免疫表型及细胞杀伤活性的影响。方法采集6例健康志愿者的外周血,采用Ficoll法分离得到单个核细胞,用细胞因子诱导培养CIK细胞。收集冻存1个月后复苏的CIK细胞,采用流式细胞术检测其冻存前后的细胞活率和免疫表型;通过与乳腺癌细胞共培养(效靶比10∶1和40∶1)的方法测定其杀伤活性,与新鲜未冻存的细胞杀伤活性进行比较,同时并对不同效靶比冻存前后的细胞杀伤活性进行比较。结果 CIK细胞大体系冻存前平均细胞活率(97.79±1.92)%,显著高于复苏后的(83.61±3.42)%(P<0.05)。复苏后CIK细胞中CD3~+、CD3~+CD4~+、CD3~+CD8~+、CD3~+CD56~+表型CIK细胞所占比例虽较冻存前稍有降低,但差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。效靶比10∶1、40∶1时冻存前细胞和复苏后细胞杀伤率比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);效靶比40∶1时冻存前细胞和复苏后细胞杀伤率均显著高于效靶比10∶1时(P<0.05)。结论大体系(50 mL)冻存对于CIK细胞活率虽有影响,但对免疫表型和细胞活性均未影响。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.