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1.
Introduction
The aim of the study is to assess the psychological effects of a short-term therapeutical prednisolone intake.Synthesis
We studied, according to a double-blind, randomized cross-over protocol, the effects of a seven day prednisolone intake (60 mg/day) in 10 healthy male subjects on global health and mood state. No significant change was found between the treatments (prednisolone/placebo) in the 15 variables investigated. However, tendencies appeared revealing an increase of self-esteem, personal accomplishment and athletic identification, as well as a decrease in negative affect for the subjects under treatment.Conclusion
These results could reveal a psychological impact of glucocorticoid intake and should be confirmed by a further study with athletes submitted to a more intense physical activity. 相似文献2.
Introduction
The measurement of Heart Rate Variability (HRV) is widely used in the field of sport's sciences. However, the analysis which rises from these measurements requires equipment that conform to those conditions outlined by the Task force of 1996.Purpose
The purpose of the present study was: 1) to determine the accuracy of a new heart rate “beat to beat” recorder; Polar RS 800 (Polar Electro Oy, Kempele, Finlande); 2) and whether the quality of the tachogram is sufficient for traditional analysis of HRV.Device and methods
Heart rate was recorded on 15 persons (eight men, seven women) in three different situations, simultaneous with this device and a gold standard (ADInstruments, Castle Hill, Australia, else Novacor, Rueil-Malmaison, France). Signals are synchronized and compared with Bland and Altman method to asses the accuracy. HRV analysis is made and the same comparison method was applied.Conclusion
This device enables measurements of R-R intervals with a precision of ± 1 to 5 ms, and is sufficient to analyse HRV without bias. 相似文献3.
Aims
We aimed to define a mathematical model allowing to foresee the level of a cyclist.Methods
One hundred (and) six cyclists were classified according to their level and some of their physiological characteristics were measured with the threshold (4 mmol of lactate) and with the maximum values of their oxygen flow.Results
To the threshold, power, lactatemy, age and size allow to foresee the level with an error rate of 27% ; to the maximum values, the criteria are development, flow in oxygen, lactatemy and age (error rate of 31%).Conclusion
These results indicate that our mathematical model allows to envisage the level. 相似文献4.
Objectives
Dysbaric osteonecrosis is a complication that can result from repetitive and prolonged hyperbaric exposures and the correlation with a previous type 1 decompression sickness described as a joint pain remains a controversial subject. The study was designed to determine the risk factors of type 1 decompression sickness in recreational divers and their potential to shortly evolve into osteonecrosis.Methods
All the osteoarthromuscular decompression sickness treated between October 2004 and November 2005 in one of three hyperbaric centers assigned in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region were analyzed in a prospective way of standardized collections, and the majority was explored with MRI in order to screen ischaemic osteomedullar damages.Results
Eleven cases (8,5%) were inventoried amongst the 129 diving accidents treated during this period. These joint pains were mainly located in the shoulder area (81%) and involved a majority of male experienced divers after performing deep and long dives (90%) furthermore more than 50% of these divers had greater than one dive within a twelve hour period. The average age was 38,5 years with a body mass index of 27,5 kg/m2. All dives were performed with a dive computer without omitted decompression. Ten injured divers (90%) were examined by MRI shortly after the accident, but only one diver (10%) had lesions compatible with osteonecrosis.Conclusion
This preliminary study shows that osteoarthromuscular decompression sickness in recreational diving are essentially involved in dives considered to carry a high risk for bubble production. The conditions of occurence appear also to be related with some individual factors that must be specified in other studies. Nevertheless, the risk of early underlying dysbaric osteonecrosis development is quite low. 相似文献5.
Aims
To elaborate a physical activity questionnaire for school children aged between 6 and 10 years (QAPE-semaine) and to study the psychometric properties (face validity, acceptability, test-retest reproducibility, criterion validity).Methods
The questionnaire measures physical activities at school, during leisure-time and other activities. Three scores are calculated: variety of physical activities, intensity and sedentary. The questionnaire was pre-tested to study the content validity, and was administered twice to 185 children from two elementary schools. The validity was studied by comparing the results of the questionnaire outcomes with a one day-recall (QAPE-hier) filled out in two occasions (to measure activities during a non school-day and a school-day). The statistic used was the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).Results
The QAPE-semaine was acceptable. The ICC for the reproducibility of variety of physical activities, intensity and sedentary scores were 0.54, 0.47 and 0.68, respectively; and 0.54, 0.56 and 0.64 for the criterion validity of variety of physical activities, intensity and sedentary scores, respectively. All the ICC were significant (P < 0.0001).Conclusion
The psychometric properties of the QAPE-semaine are satisfactory (moderate to good). Its administration in classes with school professor's help seems however essential. 相似文献6.
Introduction
The impact of resistance exercise on the growth of the vastus lateralis was assessed through interstitial microdialysis measurement of free Insulin-like Growth Factor-I at +3 h30, +4 h50 and +6 h after exercise in 4 healthy subjects.Results
We observed 3 h30 after exercise an interstitial increase in 3 over 4 subjects, and thereafter a progressive decrease. In the mean time, free or total plasma concentrations did not change.Conclusion
Resistance exercise seemed to induce an early increase of muscle interstitial free Insulin-like Growth Factor-I in order to initiate muscle growth by an autocrine – paracrine way. 相似文献7.
Aim of the study
Specify the frequency and the type of injuries of the shoulder arising during the practice of professional rugby in France. Outcomes were studied according to the treatments performed.Materials and methods
It is a matter of a retrospective study on 154 players of high level. Any shoulder injury endured during the practice of rugby was registered. The age of the player, his experience, his position on the field, the type of injury, the game phase, the treatment and eventual residual disability were specified.Results
Ninety-eight players (64%) reported at least one injury of the shoulder. Thirty (19%) reported at least two injuries on the same shoulder. The acromio-clavicular joint injuries were the most frequent (49%). The treatment was medical in most of the cases. A rest of 17 days in average was noted. All the players came back to their better level. Instability of the gleno-humeral joint was retrieved by 15% of the players. A secondary treatment by surgical stabilization was noted in more than half of the cases. The rest was in average of one week after the injury. It was in average of 4 months after surgery. A significant persistent discomfort was retrieved by 43% of the non operated cases and by 27% of the operated cases.Different other injuries were noted: 17 clavicular fractures, 6 sterno-clavicular sprains, 5 rotator cuff injuries and 4 muscular contusions.Discussion
Injuries of the shoulder are frequent among high level rugby players and represent an important source of morbidity. Injuries of the acromio-clavicular joint are the most frequent. The medical treatment allows a quick return to sport without level loss in mostly cases. Gleno-humeral instability represents the second traumatism in terms of frequency. A secondary treatment by surgical stabilization is preferable. 相似文献8.
Objectives
The aim of our work was to determine the frequency of various cardiovascular abnormalities and atypical aspects observed in Tunisian competitive athletes.Material and methods
Our population was constituted of 181 professional football players (average age 23.1 ± 3.9 years) consulted in “Centre National de la Médecine et des Sciences de Sport” of Tunis with to obtain medical certificate authorizing professional football practice.Results
Electrocardiogram was strictly normal in 67 players (37%). Twenty-nine players had conduction abnormalities. Repolarisation abnormalities were noted in 20 players. Echocardiography was normal in 129 players (71.3%). Ten cases of valvular heart disease were found. The mean left ventricular end-diastolic diameter was 53 ± 4 mm and the mean left ventricular mass was 202.6 ± 42.7 g. The mean relative wall thickness was 0.380. The left ventricular hypertrophy was present in 42 players.Conclusion
Cardiovascular abnormalities found in electrocardiogram and echocardiography in the Tunisian professional football players are comparable with those usually observed in elite athletes. 相似文献9.
Purpose
The effects of vitamins and minerals complex supplementation on maximal voluntary contraction decrease (FMV) and biological markers following an eccentric exercise at old people.Method
Sixteen elderly subjects took either placebo (Pl group) or vitamins and minerals (Isoxan Senior, NHS, Rungis, France) (group S) for 21 d before an eccentric exercise and for 3 d after the exercise. The FMV and surface EMG activity (RMS) of the vastus lateralis (VL), vastus médialis (VM) and rectus fémoris (RF) were recorded before (Pre), immediately after (Post), 24 h (Post 24) and 48 h (Post 48) after the exercise. CCVThe creatine kinase (CK), lactate déshydrogénase, malondialdéhyde, and tumor necrosis Factor (TNFα) levels were analyzed.Results
The reduced MVC (S: 11,2 ± 4,8%; Pl: 17,8 ± 10,4%, P < 0,01) after exercise was associated with a significant reduction in RMS VL, RMS VM and RMS RF values for both groups. A faster FMV recovery appeared at 48 h for the S group (P < 0.05). CK and TNFα values increased in post-exercise.Conclusion
A dietary supplementation of a vitamin and mineral complex does not attenuate the loss of contractile function immediately after the running exercise, and it may accelerate the recovery of maximal force capacity after 48 h by limiting the post-exercise pro-inflammatory processes. 相似文献10.
Aim
To study the relationship between the five-jump test (5JT) performance, 30 m sprint test and vertical jump performances.Synthesis of facts
Thirteen male soccer players (15–16 years olds) performed the following tests: 5JT, 30 m sprint and 3 vertical jumps: SJ, CMJ and Free CMJ. The 5JT was strongly correlated with 30 m sprint (R = 0.83; P < 0.01), the SJ (R = 0.71; P < 0.01), the CMJ (R = 0.84; P < 0.01) and the free CMJ (R = 0.62; P < 0.05). The 5JT is also correlated with the index of explosiveness (R = 0.93; P < 0.01).Conclusion
The 5JT can be used to evaluate muscular strength and explosivity of lower limbs in young soccer players. 相似文献11.
Introduction
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of endurance training on IGF-1, corticosterone and insulin levels in male sedentary and trained rats.Facts
IGF-1 concentrations decrease after training (p < 0.05), those of corticosterone increase (p < 0.01) whereas insulin levels remain stable.Conclusion
A short period of endurance training leads to catabolic state with a decrease in IGF-1 concentrations and increase in corticosterone levels. 相似文献12.
Backgroung
Previous studies showed that maximal oxygen uptake and maximal heart rate were not different during prolonged fasting (ramadan) compared to normal feeding period. However, the effect of ramadan on the blood pressure response during incremental exercise has not been investigated.Objective
This study aimed to evaluate the evolution of blood pressure during incremental trial in ramadan period.Methods
Twelve young trained male aged 24 ± 4 yrs participated as voluntary subjects. Their anthropometric parameters, maximal aerobic power and maximal heart were measured in fasting and in normal feeding periods during incremental trial on cycle ergometer.Results
No significant difference was observed in any anthropometric parameter. Maximal aerobic power of fasting period was significantly less (P < 0,05) compared to normal feeding. Heart rate at rest, at maximal exercise and during a 15 min period of recovery was not significantly affected. Systolic blood pressure of fasting period at maximal power was significantly lower than during the control period (P < 0,05).Conclusion
Ramadan negatively influences the capacity of maximal power and cardiovascular response at maximal power. 相似文献13.
Aims
This article reviews the actual knowledge about the use of compression tights and stockings and their effects on muscle haemodynamics during exercise.Current knowledge
Some questions are still remaining regarding repeated muscular exercise-induced deleterious effects on veins' shears and valves. These effects can be diminished with the use of compression tights or stockings, in order to enhance venous function and improve muscle haemodynamics.Points of view and plans
The use of compression tights in running activity does not seem to directly enhance the performance per se, but has an effect on muscle function during and after an exercise. This could in part account for a possible decrease in recovery times. Further studies are needed to evaluate the positive effects of these tights during and after an exercise.Conclusion
Regarding venous function and muscle haemodynamics the use of compression tights is beneficial. However, in order to avoid high pressure deleterious effects, healthy subjects' vascular physiology has to be taken into account when developing compression tights. 相似文献14.
Introduction
The purpose of this study was to compare the influence of complete wetsuit and tri-function on the swimming speed and arm stroke characteristics in crawl by triathletes.Synthesis
Seven triathletes have executed three randomised trials of 400 m front crawl at maximal intensity: without wetsuit, complete wetsuit and tri-function.Conclusion
Results pointed out that the complete suit allows a significant improvement of the performance and of the distance per cycle by report the swimming with a tri-function. 相似文献15.
Objectives
To measure high level athletes' level of compliance of their medical follow-up (in reference to the French law) and exploring their perception of it.Method
Data were collected by self-questionnaire among the 614 high level athletes in the Lorraine region (East of France).Main results
Response rate was 66.8%. In 2006, approximately a third of the athletes did not benefit from the two medical examinations carried out by a sport doctor. The great majority did benefit neither from dietetic assessment, nor of nutritional council. More than half of them stated that they had no psychological assessment. An athlete on five said that he did not have an electrocardiogram. All of these exams or assessments are however obligatory according to the French law. In 5% of the cases, the follow-up detected a health problem, generally a cardiac anomaly. The majority of the athletes felt that the follow-up was not a waste of time, not very constraining and that it was complete. Their positions were doubtful on its capacities to prevent wounds or to improve sporting performances.Conclusion
A nation-wide study should be undertaken to check these worrying results in France. 相似文献16.
Objective
The aim of this study was to elaborate and validate a specific test to evaluate the physical condition of judo players.Subjects and methods
Twenty-three volunteers, males, aged 22 ± 3.62 years old took part in our experiment. They did the progressive test of Leger et al. (1984), vertical Jump test (Sargent test), Australian shuttle run test and a specific judo test.Results
The observed results showed significant correlations between muscular power and the number of Uchi-komi on the judo test reference scale (R = 0.52, P < 0.01). Furthermore, there were other correlations between the number of Uchi-komi at the two first sets of specific judo test and the anaerobic power represented by the distance covered in 30s at the Australian shuttle test (R = 0.86, P < 0.01), also between the anaerobic capacity represented by the whole distance covered and the total number of Uchi-komi achieved at the judo test (R = 0.88, P < 0.01).Conclusion
The test reproduces the physiological characteristics of judo fight. It is a good indicator of the judoka's physical fitness and their cardiovascular adaptation in a physical effort. 相似文献17.
Objective
To define the 3 day interval test-retest reproducibility of stabilometric measurements in two- and one legged stance in sport subjects recently operated from a knee anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.Méthode
Ten subjects aged between 16 to 33 years (23 year ± 5); carried out at 15 days after the knee surgery two sessions to measure steadiness in two legged stance with opened and closed eyes; in one legged stance with opened eyes, in healthy and operated leg, with full knee extension and with 20 degrees knee flexion. The reproducibility was determined using the intraclass correlation coefficient and the standard error of measurement was calculated.Results
In two legged stance and in one legged stance, knee in 20 degrees flexion, the 95% sway area and the average antero-posterior excursion of the centre of pressure are reproducible (ICC > 0,75).The stabilometric parameters are not reproducible in one legged stance, knee in extension.Conclusion
The reproducibility of stabilometric parameters is good, in two and in one legged stance knee flexed at 20 degrees, to evaluate the postural progress after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. 相似文献18.
Introduction
Overtraining is clearly a multifactorial disturbance. We aimed at evaluating the relative importance of overactivity and nutritional imbalances.Methods
A comparison of 17 footballers with seven subjects with a diagnosis of overtraining evidenced that the two groups differ by energy expenditure resulting from physical activity (1573 ± 378.6 kcal/d from 804.7 ± 184.7 kcal/d) while food intake does not exhibit significant differences.Conclusion
In this sample of subjects, inadequate food intake is found in both groups, so that overtraining appears rather characterized by a higher level of physical activity. Therefore, a relative energy deficit resulting from overactivity rather than dietary mistakes appears to explain the syndrome in these athletes, who are thus truly “overtrained”. 相似文献19.