长支架植入治疗股腘动脉硬化闭塞症的临床研究

目的观察长支架治疗长段或多节段股腘动脉狭窄闭塞病变的可行性及近期疗效。方法 2008年11月—2010年10月收治60例(共70条肢体)股腘动脉硬化闭塞的患者,应用长球囊对狭窄或闭塞性病变进行扩张成形后植入自膨式长支架(长度8～20 cm)治疗;对合并膝下动脉硬化闭塞者(24条肢体)同期应用DEEP球囊进行扩张成形。观察技术成功率、术中及术后并发症发生率和临床疗效。结果股腘动脉球囊扩张和长支架植入的技术成功率为94.3%(66/70条肢体);同期膝下动脉球囊扩张成功率为83.3%(20/24条肢体),其中3例胫腓干因扩张后弹性回缩各植入支架1枚。术后患者临床症状均明显改善,静息痛消失;ABI由术前0.45(0.44±0.20)提高至0.84(0.86±0.24)(P<0.01)。仅在股浅动脉扩张后局部破裂形成肌间血肿2例,未发生其他并发症。结论长支架治疗长段或多节段股腘动脉狭窄闭塞病变是一种微创、安全、近期疗效好的治疗方法,远期疗效有待进一步观察。     

超声引导介入治疗外周动脉硬化闭塞症北大核心CSCD

目的探讨超声引导介入治疗外周动脉硬化闭塞症的安全性和可行性。方法2019年3月~2020年5月,对6例合并肾功能不全(4例)或造影剂过敏(2例)的外周动脉硬化闭塞症,在超声引导下行介入治疗,包括股浅动脉斑块旋切联合药物涂层球囊(drug coated balloon,DCB)扩张1例,股浅动脉狭窄DCB扩张1例,股浅动脉闭塞Rotarex血栓抽吸联合DCB扩张1例,股浅动脉狭窄球囊扩张、支架置入1例,髂动脉狭窄球囊扩张、支架置入1例,移植肾动脉狭窄支架内球囊扩张1例。结果6例手术均完成,其中2例使用5 ml造影剂辅助,无手术并发症。术后肾功能无恶化。5例下肢动脉病变者术后第2日踝肱指数较术前明显改善(0.46±0.22 vs.0.72±0.27,配对t检验,t=-4.125,P=0.015)。结论超声引导外周动脉介入治疗可以安全进行。     

腔内介入治疗腘动脉硬化病变的随访结果

目的探讨介入治疗腘动脉硬化病变的治疗效果。方法回顾性分析2008年1月~2013年2月91例(96条肢体)腘动脉硬化病变行介入治疗的临床资料,病变位于P1段44条,P2段7条,P1~P2段35条,P1~P3段10条。狭窄性病变(狭窄率50%)42条,闭塞性病变54条。单纯球囊扩张成形35条,球囊扩张支架置入61条。闭塞性病变均采用球囊扩张支架置入术。结果介入治疗腘动脉成功率100%,出院前踝肱指数(ankle brachial index,ABI)由术前0.45±0.15升高至0.89±0.17(t=-8.522,P=0.001)。84例(87条肢体)随访12~74个月,(39.0±10.3)月,随访率92.3%(84/91)。术后12个月腘动脉一期通畅率70.1%(61/87),二期通畅率89.7%(78/87)。腘动脉硬化狭窄性病变中,单纯球囊扩张成形32条肢体的12个月一期通畅率90.6%(29/32),二期通畅率96.9%(31/32);球囊扩张支架置入6条肢体的12个月一期通畅率50.0%(3/6),二期通畅率83.3%(5/6);球囊扩张成形术一期通畅率明显高于球囊扩张支架置入术(Fisher精确检验,P=0.039)。结论介入治疗腘动脉硬化病变效果良好,腘动脉硬化狭窄性病变球囊扩张成形术近期通畅率优于球囊扩张支架置入术。     

复合术式治疗复杂型下肢动脉硬化闭塞症疗效分析及其影响因素的研究

目的探讨复合术式(球囊扩张、支架植入联合内膜剥脱及取栓)治疗复杂型下肢动脉硬化闭塞症(ASO)的远期疗效及其相关影响因素。方法回顾性分析2005年1月至2009年11月间,复合术式(球囊扩张+支架置入、内膜剥脱+介入、导管取栓+介入)治疗318例ASO患者的临床资料,其中糖尿病性下肢动脉硬化闭塞症(DASO)198例(61例为双侧病变)259侧肢体,非糖尿病性下肢动脉硬化闭塞症(NDASO)120例(41例为双侧病变)161侧肢体。随访6～36个月,分析患者腘动脉以下血管及股浅动脉的通畅率及其相关影响因素。结果 318例患者中首次治疗成功率分别为DASO腘动脉以下血管90%,股浅动脉血管92%,NDASO腘动脉以下血管91%,股浅动脉血管94%,随访6～36个月,DASO腘动脉以下血管通畅率明显低于NDASO腘动脉以下血管通畅率。DASO腘动脉以下血管累积二次通畅率为89%～67%,股浅动脉血管累积二次通畅率为93%～73%。支架植入组的狭窄率显著低于非支架植入组(P0.05)。DASO的血管的通畅率减低与吸烟史、高血压、血糖控制不稳等因素有关。无围术期死亡及严重并发症发生。结论复合术式治疗下肢动脉硬化闭塞症适应范围广泛,疗法肯定。控制相关影响因素,可有效提高疗效。     

药物涂层球囊扩张术治疗股腘段动脉硬化闭塞症的远期疗效分析

目的 探讨药物涂层球囊和支架置入治疗股腘段动脉硬化闭塞症的远期效果。方法 2019年7月至2020年10月行腔内治疗的股腘段动脉硬化闭塞症患者，剔除死亡和失访的，根据治疗方式不同，分为支架置入术（n=54）和药物涂层球囊组（n=52），研究1年、2年的症状复发率和临床驱动的靶病变重建率。结果 两组患者技术成功率均为100%，支架置入术和药物涂层球囊组的1年症状复发率和1年临床驱动的靶病变重建率相同，分别为7.41%和7.69%(P>0.05),2年症状复发率分别为29.63%和11.54%(P<0.05);2年临床驱动的靶病变重建率分别为14.81%和11.54%(P>0.05)。结论 在股腘段动脉硬化闭塞症的治疗中，药物涂层球囊扩张术的2年临床驱动的靶病变重建率与支架置入术的结果相当，而药物涂层球囊扩张术的2年症状复发率低于支架置入术，药物涂层球囊扩张术值得临床应用。     

股-腘动脉硬化闭塞症球囊扩张术与自膨式支架治疗疗效比较

目的通过比较和分析球囊扩张术与自膨式支架治疗股—腘动脉硬化闭塞症患者临床疗效来探讨两者临床应用价值。方法随机选取2017年5月至2018年5月80例股-腘动脉硬化闭塞症按照治疗方法分组为对照组与观察组,每组分别为40例。其中对照组行球囊扩张术治疗;观察组采用自膨式支架治疗。术后给予阿司匹林、低分子肝素、氯吡格雷治疗,并加强康复训练;评价两组临床疗效,比较两组治疗前后不同Rutherford分级变化;检测两组患者治疗前后不同时段时患肢踝肱指数(ankle brachial index,ABI)情况;随访12个月,记录两组预后。结果观察组治疗总成功率95.0%(38/40),明显高于对照组80.0%(32/40),P0.05。两组患者治疗后Rutherford分级较治疗前显著变化,而观察组治疗后Rutherford分级变化较对照组明显,P0.05。两组患者治疗后1个月、6个月、12个月时ABI指数较治疗前显著升高,而观察组各时间点ABI指数升高程度较对照组更显著,P0.05。随访12个月,观察组患者术后再狭窄、闭塞发生率及再手术率明显低于对照组,P0.05;两组术后12个月内死亡及截肢率相比较,P0.05。结论相比球囊扩张术来说,采用自膨式支架治疗股—腘动脉硬化闭塞症患者疗效更显著。     

肝素涂层覆膜支架治疗股浅动脉硬化闭塞病变1例报告

本文报道1例股浅短段闭塞(TASC C级病变)经肝素涂层覆膜支架治疗,0.035英寸超硬导丝配合单弯导管通过闭塞段至远端腘动脉,使用4-150 mm Mustang球囊12个大气压扩张2 min后,造影见左股浅动脉中段狭窄病变消失,但近段仍有残余重度狭窄,路途下于狭窄处放置肝素涂层覆膜支架5-50 mm,释放后使用5-40 mm球囊6个大气压下给予支架内扩张。术后造影见血流明显恢复,残余狭窄消失,无造影剂外溢。术后观察8个月跛行症状无复发。我们认为肝素涂层覆膜支架治疗股浅动脉硬化闭塞病变可行。     

髂静脉受压综合征的腔内治疗:112例报告

目的探讨腔内介入治疗髂静脉受压综合征的临床疗效。方法 2011年9月~2015年6月,对112例Cockett综合征行血管腔内介入治疗,其中狭窄性病变103例,髂静脉闭塞9例。CEAP分级C2级45例,C3级23例,C4级19例,C5级11例,C6级14例。经静脉造影诊断明确。经患肢股静脉入路,对髂静脉狭窄段进行球囊扩张,测量低压扩张下的球囊最小径评估狭窄程度及强度,狭窄程度50%行支架置入。闭塞病变先经8 mm球囊扩张,合并血栓形成者行髂静脉置管溶栓,溶栓后行球囊扩张及支架置入术。术后观察肢体症状改善情况,随访彩超及下肢静脉造影。结果 9例行单纯PTA,103例置入支架,术毕造影盆腔侧支血管显影消失22例,明显减少56例,轻度减少34例。术后1个月,43例下肢肿胀患者小腿周径差从(2.56±0.88)cm降至(0.93±0.71)cm(t=20.24,P=0.000);14例活动性溃疡面积从(6.34±3.78)cm~2降至(2.13±1.88)cm~2(t=7.19,P=0.000)。随访造影86例,随访时间2~45个月,平均19.2月,术后12个月未置入支架组通畅率76.2%,置入支架组12、24、36个月通畅率分别为96.7%、88.6%、86.1%,有统计学差异(log rankχ~2=30.32,P=0.000)。支架≥16 mm组12、24个月通畅率均为95.2%,支架16 mm组12、24个月通畅率分别为97.0%、93.3%,无统计学差异(log rankχ~2=0.39,P=0.532)。1例合并血栓者术后1个月支架再次血栓形成,1例术后8个月对侧下肢深静脉血栓形成。78例有术后12个月造影结果,6例未置入支架者发生再狭窄5例,置入支架患者通畅率为95.8%(69/72),未发现支架移位。结论腔内治疗髂静脉受压综合征临床疗效满意,支架的应用可提高髂静脉的中远期通畅率。     

多节段下肢动脉硬化闭塞症介入治疗及手术治疗体会

目的 总结一侧髂动脉闭塞合并下肢动脉长段闭塞患者治疗的临床效果.方法 对于一侧髂动脉同时合并下肢动脉长段闭塞的多节段下肢动脉硬化闭塞症患者,间歇跛行距离小于50m或有静息痛者采用髂动脉支架或联合血管旁路术治疗下肢动脉硬化闭塞症32例.结果 行髂动脉病变段球囊扩张及内置支架术29例36枚支架,3例髂动脉介入治疗失败,行股浅动脉病变段支架置入3例,行股-腘动脉膝上血管旁路术13例,行膝下血管旁路术2例,3例髂动脉支架治疗失败者2例行股-股动脉耻骨上旁路术,1例放弃治疗.介入治疗及手术治疗均取得成功.随访3～36个月,3例患者因肿瘤或急性心肌梗塞死亡,大部分患者临床症状消失.1例股浅动脉支架1个月后闭塞,后因肢体严重缺血截肢.3例股-腘旁路血管闭塞,1例接受取栓手术好转,1例截肢,1例无静息痛间歇跛行距离大于50m应用药物治疗.结论 支架置入或联合血管旁路术是治疗多节段下肢动脉硬化闭塞症的安全有效方法 .     

股浅动脉长段闭塞的治疗

目的 分析研究常规球囊扩张与切割球囊相结合在股浅动脉长段闭塞治疗中的扩张效果和中期疗效.方法 2009年6月～2010年7月间应用常规球囊扩张联合切割球囊治疗51例动脉硬化闭塞症股浅动脉长段闭塞患者,观察其临床疗效.结果 51例患者中有49例导丝通过闭塞段,动脉直径狭窄率为35％～83％.治疗后患者重度狭窄部位的狭窄程度平均减少至37％,其他部位的狭窄程度减少至20％左右,未发生动脉壁撕裂,穿孔出血合并症.术后1年CTA复查有13％的患者再次出现闭塞,未闭塞的患者中动脉最狭窄处狭窄程度平均为55％.结论 常规长球囊与切割球囊相配合可以有效地治疗股浅动脉长段闭塞,中期效果较好,但长期疗效有待于进一步观察.     

Transluminal Stenting for Femoropopliteal Occlusive Disease: Analysis of Restenosis by Serial Arteriography

Our objective was to evaluate restenosis after stenting of femoropopliteal occlusions and the impact of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) on recurrent stenosis. We used a retrospective analysis of contrast angiograms obtained during follow-up of stented limbs. Subjects included 27 claudicants (34 limbs) who had complete superficial femoral artery occlusion treated with PTA and Wallstents at the Veterans Adminstration Medical Center. During follow-up, 31 PTAs, three thrombolytic treatments, and one additional stenting were performed. Outcome was measured by contrast angiography. Primary patency at 1 and 3 years was 38% and 8% after stenting, and secondary patency (PTA required at least once in 21/34 limbs) was 89% and 55%, respectively. PTA performed during follow-up reduced within-stent restenosis on average from 48.3 ± 13.6% to 22.8 ± 18.0%. Recurrent stenosis after PTA measured 14.9 ± 10.9 months later was 46.8 ± 16.7%, showing little permanent impact of PTA on stenosis. Severe within-stent stenosis develops commonly after initial stenting of complete femoropopliteal occlusions. Supplemental PTA performed during follow-up provides immediate improvement in lumen diameter, but severe restenosis is still likely to recur.     

膝下动脉硬化闭塞症腔内治疗的效果分析

目的探讨经皮腔内血管成形结合支架植入术对膝下动脉硬化闭塞症的治疗效果。方法回顾性分析我院2005年10月~2009年5月182例（210条肢体）膝下动脉硬化闭塞症的临床资料,采用常规或内膜下成形技术对狭窄或闭塞性病变进行球囊扩张,38条肢体在胫腓干植入冠脉支架。结果 195条肢体获得影像学成功（残余狭窄率〈30%）,技术成功率为92.9%（195/210）。并发症主要有动脉穿孔（3例）、痉挛（4例）、管壁夹层（6例）及穿刺点血肿（5例）,给予相应处理后缓解。182例术后肢体疼痛、麻凉感等临床症状均改善,踝/肱指数（AB I）由术前的0.40±0.11增至术后7 d的0.83±0.15（t=33.50,P〈0.0001）。术后6、12个月肢体血流通畅率分别为89.0%（187/210）和73.3%（154/210）,术后12个月肢体保全率和存活率分别为91.4%（192/210）、93.3%（196/210）。结论腔内治疗膝下动脉硬化闭塞症的临床成功率高、并发症少、保肢率高,是安全有效的治疗方法。     

药物涂层球囊PTA治疗下肢动脉硬化闭塞症

目的 观察药物涂层球囊经皮腔内血管成形术（PTA）治疗下肢动脉硬化闭塞症（LEAOD）的临床效果。方法 将43例LEAOD患者（43条患肢）随机分为观察组（21例）和对照组（22例）。对观察组给予药物涂层球囊PTA治疗,对照组行普通球囊PTA。记录2组患者术前及术后7天Fontaine分期,分别于术前及术后1、3、6个月统计靶动脉段股浅动脉血管内径、再狭窄率及踝肱指数（ABI）,术后6个月时靶动脉段股浅动脉血管狭窄情况。结果 术后7天2组Fontaine分期均较术前降低（P均<0.05）。观察组术后1、3、6个月时靶动脉段股浅动脉内径均大于对照组（P均<0.05）,再狭窄率均低于对照组（P均<0.05）;术后3、6个月观察组ABI均大于对照组（P均<0.05）。术后6个月时,观察组14例靶动脉段股浅动脉血管狭窄率<30%、4例30%~50%、3例>50%（无100%者）,对照组2例狭窄率<30%、10例狭窄率30%~50%、10例>50%（2例100%）,组间比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）。结论 药物涂层球囊PTA治疗LEAOD安全、有效,能够降低再狭窄率,且近期疗效优于普通球囊。     

移植肾动脉狭窄腔内治疗的中期结果

目的探讨移植肾动脉狭窄经皮血管腔内成形(PTA)及支架置入的安全性及中远期结果。方法回顾性分析2011年1月至2018年12月解放军总医院血管外科收治的18例移植肾动脉狭窄患者的临床资料。结果3例经同侧股动脉,15例经对侧股动脉人路治疗。4例单纯PTA治疗,8例PTA后置入支架,6例直接置入支架。共置入14枚支架,均为球扩式支架,其中2枚为药涂支架,技术成功率100%。平均造影剂用量64ml,治疗前肾动脉狭窄率为50%〜99%,腔内治疗后狭窄率降为10%〜30%。收缩压由术前的(157.2±43.0)mmHg降至术后的(129.8±8.6)mmHg;血清肌酐(SCr)水平由术前的(258.8±214.7)μmol/L降至术后的(176.3±101.1)μmol/L,尿素氮由术前的(15.7±1.6)mmol/L降至术后(10.6±1.1)mmol/L(均P<0.05)。术后中位随访42.4个月(3~93个月),治愈17例,无效1例,1例单纯球囊扩张后术后30 d出现再狭窄,予以置入支架。除1例移植肾动脉出血外无其他并发症。结论移植肾动脉狭窄是导致移植肾失功的常见血管因素,腔内治疗安全、有效。     

Remote superficial femoral artery endarterectomy and distal aSpire stenting: results of a multinational study at three-year follow-up

AIM: The aim of this study was to examine the results of remote superficial femoral artery endarterectomy (RSFAE) in conjunction with distal aSpire stenting in a multinational study. METHODS: RSFAE is a minimally invasive procedure performed through a limited groin incision. A total of 210 patients were included in this study. The indications for the procedure were claudication in 158 (75%) patients and limb salvage in 52 (25%). After RSFAE the outflow tract atheromatous plaque was 'tacked' with the aSpire stent, which is an expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) covered nitinol stent with high radial strength, yet it is flexible enough to withstand the compressive forces at the knee joint. Prior to stent deployment, if the stent position is not in optimal position, it can be 'wrapped down', repositioned and re-expanded. Therefore, not only is the plaque end point tacked, but the collaterals are preserved as well. All patients underwent follow-up examination with serial color-flow duplex ultrasound scanning. RESULTS: The mean length of endarterectomized superficial femoral arteries (SFAs) was 28.2+/-6.2 cm (range 15-43 cm). The primary cumulative patency rate by means of life-table analysis was 60.6+/-4.8% (SE) at 33 months, (mean 17.1 months; range 1-33 months). During follow-up percutaneous transluminal balloon and/or stent angioplasty was necessary in 50 patients for a primary assisted patency of 70.2+/-4.8% at 33 months. The locations of the restenosis after RSFAE were evenly distributed along the endarterectomized artery. There were 2 deaths (myocardial infarctions), 12 (5.7%) wound complications (7 hematomas, 5 skin edge sloughs) and the mean hospital length of stay was only 1.3+/-0.5 days. CONCLUSION: RSFAE with distal aSpire stenting is a minimally invasive, safe durable procedure for the treatment of long-segment SFA occlusive disease.     

Primary utilization of stents in angioplasty of superficial femoral artery

Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) of infrainguinal arteries has been frequently reported in the literature. Independent of the technical feasibility, the results, in short-and long-term follow-up differ among published series. The objective of this article was to assess the long-term results of angioplasty in small, (<3 cm) segmental lesions of the superficial femoral artery treated with primary stenting. Eighteen patients (12 men, 6 women) with lesions of the superficial femoral artery smaller than 3 cm were selected for endovascular treatment and follow-up. The median patient age was 65 years (range, 54 to 84). The indication for treatment was intermittent claudication in 7 patients and critical ischemia (ischemic pain associated with trophic lesions) in 11 patients (62%). Of these, 13 lesions were stenoses and 5 total occlusions. The run-off was good in 15 patients who had more than 2 distal arteries and 3 had only 1 patent artery. During follow-up, all patients were observed with physical examination, progressive exercise treadmill test; pulse volume was measured with Doppler and duplex scan after 1, 3, and 6 months, and then twice a year. There was only 1 primary failure; the initial success rate was 94%. During follow-up of 40 months (6 to 70 months), only 1 patient presented with thrombosis of the stent 6 months after the procedure. There was no symptomatic restenosis in our study. One patient suffered an acute myocardial infraction after 45 months and died. The primary patency after 1 and 3 years was 88%. No patient was lost to follow-up. Primary stenting of segmental lesions (less than 3 cm) of the superficial femoral artery produced satisfactory results immediately and during long-term follow-up.     

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??Risk factors analysis of stent fracture after superficial femoral artery and proximal popliteal artery stenting DUAN Run-dan, XIE Hui, LÜ Lei,et al. Department of Vascular Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
Corresponding author: ZHOU Zhao-xiong, E-mail: zhou_zhaoxiong@hotmail.com
Abstract Objective To study the risk factors of stent fracture??and determine the relationship between stent fracture and in-stent restenosis after superficial femoral artery and proximal popliteal artery stenting. Methods From March 2013 to March 2016??96 consecutive patients ??106 limbs?? who underwent endovascular stenting therapy in superficial femoral artery and proximal popliteal artery were followed up by the methods of Doppler ultrasound scanning??X-ray scanning?? computed tomographic angiography or digital subtraction angiography at Department of Vascular Surgery?? Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University. Statistical analysis was performed by using SPSS. Results Overall?? stent fractures were detected in 38 of 106 treated legs ??35.8%??. TransAtlantic Inter-Society Consensus(TASC) ??classification??P??0.001???? total stent length??P??0.001???? and increased overlap zone??P=0.01?? were statistically significant risk factors of stent fracture. The research also found that the highest incidence of fracture type was multi-struts fracture, and the highest incidence of the targeted arterial segment was the superficial femoral artery adductor canal segment. Conclusion TASC ??classification?? total stent length and increased overlap zone were risk factors of stent fracture.     

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??Simple percutaneous transluminal angioplasty versus primary stent placement in treating short-intermediate superficial femoral-popliteal artery occlusive disease about clinical safety and efficacy??A Meta-analysis SI Xiao-mao*?? ZHA Bin-shan?? XIE Wen-tao??et al. *Department of Vascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University??Hefei 230032, China
Corresponding author: ZHU Hua-gang, E-mail??huagzhu@yeah.net
Abstract Objective To compare the clinical safety and efficacy of primary stent placement (ST) versus simple percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) in treating superficial femoral-popliteal artery (SFPA) occlusive disease using Meta-analysis method. Methods Prospective randomized controlled trials (RCT??comparing ST and PTA clinical effects published from January 1993 to January 2013 were retrieved. A Meta-analysis was conducted to estimate the immediate operation success rate, postoperative restenosis rate, target vessel revascularization (TVR). Results A total of 9 RCT were included in the analysis, including 948 patients and 971 limbs??489 limbs in ST group and 482 limbs in PTA group. The immediate operation success rate was higher in the ST group and the difference was significant statistically (OR=7.02, 95% CI 3.83-12.86, P<0.001). Postoperative 12 months vascular restenosis rates in ST group were less than those in PTA group with significant difference??OR=0.58??95%CI 0.38-0.89??P=0.01??. The difference of postoperative 24 months vascular restenosis rates between two groups was not significant statistically??OR=0.82??95%CI 0.55-1.24??P=0.35??. There was no difference statistically in target vessel revascularization and vascular complications between two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion For short-intermediate SFPA occlusion lesions (less than 15cm), short-term outcomes of ST is better than the PTA. But there is not enough evidence to prove that long-term outcome (longer than 24 months) of ST group is better than the PTA group.     

Long-term outcomes and predictors of iliac angioplasty with selective stenting

OBJECTIVE: To review our 11-year experience of iliac angioplasty with selective stenting and to evaluate the safety, short- and long-term patency, clinical success rates, and predictive risk factors in patients with iliac artery occlusive disease. METHODS: From August 1993 to November 2004, 151 iliac lesions (149 stenoses, 2 occlusions) in 104 patients were treated by percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA). The patients had chronic limb ischemia described as disabling claudication (the Society for Vascular Surgery clinical category 2 or 3) in 76 (50%), rest pain (category 4) in 38 (25%), and ulcer/gangrene (category 5) in 37 (25%). Forty-six limbs (30%) were treated with concomitant infrainguinal endovascular (36, 24%) or open procedures (10, 6%). Thirty-four limbs (23%) had one or more stents placed for primary PTA failure, including residual stenosis (> or =30%), mean pressure gradient (> or =5 mm Hg), or dissection (stent group); whereas, 117 limbs (77%) underwent PTA alone (PTA group). The affected arteries treated were 28 (19%) common iliac, 31 (20%) external iliac, and 92 (61%) both arteries. According to TransAtlantic Inter-Society Consensus (TASC) classification, 39 limbs (26%) were in type A, 71 (47%) in type B, 36 (24%) in type C, and 5 (3%) in type D. Reporting standards of the Society for Vascular Surgery and the International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery were followed. RESULTS: There was no perioperative death. Total complication rate was 0.7% (one groin hematoma). The mean follow-up was 21 months (median, 10; range, 1 to 94 months). Only 9 (8%) of 117 of the PTA group had subsequent stent placement for recurrent stenosis. The iliac lesions were more severe and extensive in the stent group than those in the PTA group according to TASC classification (Mann-Whitney U test [M-W], P < .0001) and anatomic location (M-W, P = .0019). The technical success rate was 99%, and the initial clinical success rate was 99%. Overall, the cumulative primary patency rates at 1, 3, and 5 years were 76%, 59%, and 49% (Kaplan-Meier [K-M]). The cumulative assisted primary and secondary patency rates at 7 years were 98% and 99% (K-M). The mean number of subsequent iliac endovascular procedures was 1.4 per limb in patients with primary failure of iliac angioplasty/stenting. The continued clinical improvement rates at 1, 3, and 5 years were 81%, 67%, and 53% (K-M). The limb salvage rates at 7 year were 93% (K-M). Of 15 predictor variables studied in 151 iliac lesions, the significant independent predictors for adverse outcomes were smoking history (P = .0074), TASC type C/type D lesions (P = .0001), and stenotic ipsilateral superficial femoral artery (P = .0002) for the primary patency rates; chronic renal failure with hemodialysis (P = .014), ulcer/gangrene as an indication for PTA (P < .0001), and stenotic ipsilateral superficial femoral artery (P = .034) for the continued clinical improvement (K-M, log-rank test and Cox regression model). CONCLUSIONS: Although the primary patency rates were not high, the assisted primary and secondary patency rates were excellent without primary stenting. Overall, >70% of iliac lesions were treated successfully with PTA alone. The results of this study show that selective stenting offers satisfactory assisted primary and secondary long-term patency after iliac angioplasty. Patients with TASC type C/type D iliac lesions, a stenotic ipsilateral superficial femoral artery, ulcer/gangrene, smoking history, and chronic renal failure with hemodialysis should be followed carefully after endovascular iliac revascularization. These risk factors could be considered indications for primary stenting, although further studies are needed to confirm this.     

Viabahn覆膜支架治疗下肢动脉硬化闭塞症的效果分析

目的:探讨Viabahn覆膜支架治疗下肢动脉硬化闭塞症的中短期疗效。方法:回顾性分析2013年1月—2014年1月采用腔内治疗的73例(73条肢体)下肢动脉硬化闭塞症患者临床资料,其中32例行Viabahn覆膜支架治疗(Viabahn支架组),41例行裸支架治疗(裸支架组),比较两组的中短期临床效果。结果:与裸支架组比较,Viabahn支架组术后3、6个月的一期通畅率差异无统计学意义(96.8%vs.90.2%;87.5%vs.75.6%,均P0.05),但术后9、12个月的一期通畅率明显升高(84.4%vs.63.4%;75.0%vs.51.2%,均P0.05);Log-rank检验显示Viabahn支架组12个月的一期通畅率高于裸支架(P0.05)。两组术后12个月踝肱指数(ABI)差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:下肢动脉硬化闭塞症患者接受血管腔内成形术后,采用Viabahn覆膜支架疗中短期效果显著,可为近关节下肢动脉硬化闭塞症,尤其是跨膝关节病变的治疗提供了选择。