前列地尔联合依达拉奉治疗急性脑梗死的疗效观察

目的观察前列地尔联合依达拉奉治疗急性脑梗死的疗效。方法 110例急性脑梗死患者随机分为治疗组59例和对照组51例。对照组在常规治疗基础上给予前列地尔治疗,治疗组在对照组治疗的基础上再加用依达拉奉治疗,连用2周,观察2组治疗前后神经功能缺损评分的变化,评价2组临床疗效。结果治疗组有效率明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后神经功能缺损(NIHSS)评分2组均有改善,但治疗组改善幅度明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论前列地尔联合依法拉奉合用治疗急性脑梗死疗效明显优于单用前列地尔。     

前列地尔脂微球联合丹参注射液治疗进展性脑梗死的疗效

目的探讨前列地尔脂微球注射液与丹参注射液联合治疗进展性脑梗死的临床价值。方法选取2011—2013年我院收治的进展性脑梗死患者80例,随机分为2组,分别行丹参注射液治疗与联合前列地尔脂微球注射液治疗。结果治疗1疗程后,观察组痊愈率与总有效率明显高于对照组(P0.05),治疗后神经功能缺损评分改善也明显优于对照组(P0.05),2组不良反应发生率差异列统计学意义(P0.05)。结论前列地尔脂微球联合丹参注射液能够有效提高进展性脑梗死患者的临床治疗有效率,改善神经功能恢复的效果,还具有良好的安全性,适合临床推广应用。     

前列地尔脂微球载体制剂联合葛根素治疗椎基底动脉供血不足

目的观察分析前列地尔脂微球载体制剂联合葛根素治疗椎基底动脉供血不足的疗效及安全性。方法将椎基底动脉供血不足患者90例随机分为治疗组44例和对照组46例,治疗组给予前列地尔脂微球载体制剂及葛根素联合治疗,对照组单用葛根素注射液治疗,比较2组临床疗效。结果治疗组总有效率97.8%,对照组为76.2%,治疗组明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论前列地尔脂微球载体制剂联合葛根素治疗椎基底动脉供血不足疗效显著,且安全性好。     

脂微球前列地尔治疗急性脑梗死临床观察

目的观察脂微球前列地尔治疗脑梗死的疗效。方法将经头颅MRI或CT证实的脑梗死患者118例随机分为2组：治疗组60例,用脂微球前列地尔10μg＋生理盐水100mL静滴,1次/d;对照组58例,应用复方丹参注射液20mL＋生理盐水250mL静滴,1次/d;2组均给予阿司匹林100mg口服,1次/d,连用14d为一疗程。观察2组患者用药前及用药后第15天的神经功能缺损评分及血液流变学变化,并对2组进行比较,同时进行临床疗效比较。结果治疗组神经功能缺损评分改善情况及临床疗效均显著优于对照组（均P〈0.05）;治疗组全血比黏度、血浆比黏度、纤维蛋白原、红细胞聚集指数较治疗前显著降低（P〈0.01）,红细胞比积较治疗前显著降低（P〈0.05）;对照组较治疗前无明显变化（P〉0.05）,治疗组显著优于对照组（P〈0.05）。结论脂微球前列地尔治疗急性脑梗死疗效明显。     

银杏达莫联合前列地尔治疗高血压性脑梗死的疗效及护理

目的 探讨银杏达莫联合前列地尔治疗高血压性脑梗死的临床疗效与护理经验.方法 选择130例高血压性脑梗死患者,随机分为2组,对照组给予脑梗死常规治疗及常规降压处理,治疗组在对照组常规治疗基础上,给予银杏达莫注射液联合前列地尔注射液治疗,2组均同时进行护理干预,比较临床疗效.结果 治疗组总有效率94.29%,远高于对照组的76.67%（P＜0.05）.治疗14 d后,治疗组神经功能缺损评分低于对照组（P＜0.05）.结论 银杏达莫联合前列地尔治疗高血压性脑梗死在配合护理干预,临床疗效较好,能够明显改善神经功能.     

依达拉奉联合前列地尔脂微球治疗急性脑梗死100例疗效观察

目的 探讨依达拉奉联合前列地尔脂微球注射液治疗急性脑梗死的临床疗效.方法 选择2007-08～2010-07在我院神经内科住院的200例急性脑梗死患者,根据住院号单双号随机分为治疗组(100例)及对照组(100例).2组患者除给予常规治疗外,治疗组给予依达拉奉注射液30 mg,2次/d,前列地尔脂微球注射液10 μg,...     

前列地尔脂微球载体制剂联合依达拉奉治疗急性脑梗死

目的评价前列地尔脂微球载体(Lipo PGE_1)制剂联合依达拉奉治疗急性脑梗死患者的临床疗效。方法将273例急性脑梗死住院病人随机分为治疗组和对照组。治疗组136例用Lipo PGE_1 10mg加生理盐水100ml静滴,1次/d;依达拉奉30mg加生理盐水100ml静滴,2次/d,30min滴完。14d为1疗程,余治疗同对照组。对照组常规给低分子右旋糖酐 丹参针、阿司匹林、他汀类药等。治疗同时不用其他血管扩张药及脑循环改善剂等。结果2组神经功能缺损评分明显下降,日常生活能力有较大提高,临床疗效有不同程度改善,脑水肿减轻,但治疗组明显优于对照组,经统计学处理均有显著差异(P<0.01),且治疗组未见明显不良反应。结论Lipo PGE_1联用依达拉奉治疗急性脑梗死安全、有效。     

疏血通联合依达拉奉治疗急性脑梗死疗效观察

目的 观察疏血通联合依达拉奉治疗急性脑梗死的疗效和安全性. 方法 80例急性脑梗死患者随机分2组,治疗组给予疏血通联合依达拉奉治疗,对照组给予血塞通治疗,其他内科常规治疗相同.比较2组治疗前后神经缺损评分和疗效的变化.结果 治疗后治疗组和对照组神经功能缺损评分均有改善,但治疗后改善更明显,与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).2组疗效比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 疏血通联合依达拉奉治疗急性脑梗死安全有效.     

丁苯酞软胶囊联合前列地尔注射液治疗急性脑梗死的疗效观察

目的探讨丁苯酞软胶囊联合前列地尔治疗急性脑梗死的临床疗效。方法选择80例急性脑梗死患者为研究对象,随机分为对照组和治疗组各40例。对照组给予前列地尔治疗,治疗组在对照组的基础上口服丁苯酞软胶囊。观察2组神经功能改善情况及临床疗效。结果治疗组总有效率95.00%,明显高于对照组的77.50%(P0.05)。治疗后,2组患者神经功能缺损程度评分(NIHSS)均有明显改善(P0.05),且治疗组效果明显优于对照组(P0.05)。结论丁苯酞联合前列地尔对急性脑梗死有良好疗效,可显著改善患者NIHSS评分,提高神经功能康复,促进机体健康。     

中西医结合治疗急性脑梗死84例临床分析

目的 观察中西医结合治疗急性脑梗死的疗效.方法 2009-2012年我科收治急性脑梗死患者168例,随机分为2组,对照组84例患者采用西医常规治疗,治疗组84例患者在对照组基础上加用自拟清窍通络方,每日1剂,分3次服用.比较2组疗效及治疗前后神经功能缺损评分与日常生活活动能力评分情况.结果 治疗组总有效率90.5%,对照组为76.2%,2组比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.治疗组在降低神经功能缺损评分、提高日常生活活动能力评分方面均优于对照组（P＜0.05）.结论 中西医结合治疗急性脑梗死疗效显著,可临床推广使用.     

Denervation study of synapses of organ of corti of old world monkeys

Fine structural characteristics of synapses in the spiral organ of Corti were examined, with reference to differences between inner and outer haircell systems, and to location of neurons of origin of efferent axons. Surgical interruption of crossed olivocochlear bundle, of vestibular nerve, of facial nerve, and excision of superior cervical ganglia were used to determine the pathways of efferent axons. Interruption of the vestibular nerve near the brainstem results in degeneration of all efferent terminals on outer hair cells. Mid-line lesions at, and caudal to, the facial colliculus result in degeneration of about half of these efferent terminals. Efferent synaptic bulbs to the inner hair-cell system are small, of the order of one micron, and form type 2 junctions with afferent dendrites. They tend to have more large dense-core vesicles (about 80 nm) than the large efferent terminals of the outer hair-cell system, and appear to be the terminals of axons in the habenula perforata, which exhibit varicosities laden with large dense core vesicles. The varicosities are unaffected by excision of the superior cervical ganglia. So far as our material can reveal, it appears that the varicosities in the habenula perforata do not survive vestibular root interruption, nor do the efferent processes in the internal spiral bundle or at the base of inner hair cells. Most interestingly, the afferent processes of the inner hair-cell system, as identified for example by their relation to pre-synaptic bodies in the inner hair cells, are subject to a trans-synaptic reaction after severance of the vestibular root. They undergo a dramatic cytological transformation, characterized by increase of volume, engorgement with microtubules, microfilaments, microvesicles of various sizes, and clusters of lysosomes. Thus, both the efferent and afferent terminals of the inner hair-cell system show marked cytological differences from the corresponding terminals of the outer hair cell system.     

Mechanism of action of tubocurarine on nicotinic cholinoreceptors of neurons of the sympathetic ganglia of rats

Tubocurarine (Tc) effect on membrane currents elicited by acetylcholine (ACh) was studied in isolated superior cervical ganglion neurons of rat using patch-clamp method in the whole-cell recording mode. The "use-dependent" block of ACh current by Tc was revealed in the experiments with ACh applications, indicating that Tc blocked the channels opened by ACh. Mean lifetime of Tc-open channel complex, tau, was found to be 9.8 +/- 0.5 s (n = 7) at -50 mV and 20-24 degrees C. tau exponentially increased with membrane hyperpolarization (e-fold change in tau corresponded to the membrane potential shift by 61 mV). Inhibition of the ACh-induced current by Tc (3-30 microM/1) was completely abolished by membrane depolarization to the level of 80-100 mV. Inhibition of ACh-induced current was augmented at increased ACh doses. It is concluded that the open channel block produced by Tc is likely to be the only mechanism for Tc action on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in superior cervical ganglion neurons of rat.     

The effect of age of onset of PD on risk of dementia

Background Dementia occurs in the majority of patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Late onset of PD has been reported to be associated with a higher risk for dementia. However, age at onset (AAO) and age at baseline assessment are often correlated. The aim of this study was to explore whether AAO of PD symptoms is a risk factor for dementia independent of the general effect of age. Methods Two community-based studies of PD in New York (n = 281) and Rogaland county, Norway (n = 227) and two population-based groups of healthy elderly from New York (n = 180) and Odense, Denmark (n = 2414) were followed prospectively for 3–4 years and assessed for dementia according to DSM-IIIR. All PD and control cases underwent neurological examination and were followed with neurological and neuropsychological assessments. We used Cox proportional hazards regression based on three different time scales to explore the effect of AAO of PD on risk of dementia, adjusting for age at baseline and other demographic and clinical variables. Findings In both PD groups and in the pooled analyses, there was a significant effect of age at baseline assessment on the time to develop dementia, but there was no effect of AAO independent of age itself. Consistent with these results, there was no increased relative effect of age on the time to develop dementia in PD cases compared with controls. Interpretation This study shows that it is the general effect of age, rather than AAO that is associated with incident dementia in subjects with PD. Received in revised form: 22 December 2005     

Limits of deinstitutionalization--perspectives of relatives of psychiatric patients

After a hopeful beginning, the social process of the reintegration of those with severe mental illness has come to a standstill. I am led to wonder whether "the community" really wants to live together with people suffering from severe mental illness, and if so, how closely? As long as the medical treatment of mental illness provided by the general practitioners is fundamentally deficient, as they are not able to prescribe the necessary interventions--such as out-patient psychiatric nursing, and service providers in the out-patient sector are content with offering increasingly intensive forms of care for the less seriously ill at the cost of the Social Welfare System--the reintegration of those with serious mental illness remains an illusion--which is mainly to the benefit of providers of residential care in homes and hostels.