准分子激光角膜切削术与原位磨镶术术后半年疗效比较

目的：了解准分子激光角膜切削术（PRK）与准分子激光角膜原位磨镶术（LASIK）治疗低、中、高度近视半年疗效的比较。方法：对PRK116只眼屈光度为－0．75D～－13．00D与LASIK 113只眼屈光度为－1．00D～－17．00D术后半年患者的视力、角膜屈光度进行随访观察。结果：裸眼视力达到术前矫正视力者,PRK：I组（－0．75～－3．00D）为100％,Ⅱ组（－3．00D～－6．00D）为99．1％,Ⅲ组（＞－6．00D）为88％;LASIK：I组为100％,Ⅱ组为88．24％,Ⅲ组为93．55％。术后半年等值球镜,PRK：I组为－0．25D,Ⅱ组为＋0．14D,Ⅲ组为＋0．79D;LASIK：I组为0．00D,Ⅱ组为＋0．25D,Ⅲ组为－0．04D。结论：PRK治疗低、中度近视疗效肯定,LASIK治疗低、中、高度近视的疗效迅速、满意。     

准分子激光屈光性角膜切削术治疗近视的临床分析

目的:评价准分子激光屈光性角膜切削术(PRK)治疗不同程度近视的疗效。方法:应用Schwind Keratom F准分子激光机对1995眼不同程度近视(-0.75～-20.00D)行PRK治疗。按屈光度分三组:组Ⅰ≤-6.00D,873眼:组Ⅱ-6.25D～-10.00D,774眼;组Ⅲ>-10.00D,348眼。术后随访12个月,进行比较分析。结果:术后12个月Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组裸眼视力≥0.5者分别为98.6％,94.2％和60.4％;≥1.0者分别为85.5％,71.3％和25.9％;屈光度在±1.000以内分别为90.5％,68.8％和29.3％。角膜雾状混浊(Haze)≥2级者分别为0.8％,11.5％和13.7％。结论:PRK治疗近视对中低度疗效较好,对高度和超高度近视由于术后Haze和屈光度回退发生率增高,疗效受到明显影响,有待进—步完善手术方法和术后用药等问题。     

准分子激光角膜切削术与原位磨镶术术后半年疗效比较

目的了解准分子激光角膜切削术(PRK)与准分子激光角膜原位磨镶术(LASIK)治疗低、中、高度近视半年疗效的比较.方法对PRK116只眼屈光度为-0.75 D～-13.00D与LASIK 113只眼屈光度为-1.00D～-17.00D术后半年患者的视力、角膜屈光度进行随访观察.结果裸眼视力达到术前矫正视力者,PRKⅠ组(-0.75～-3.00D)为100%,Ⅱ组(-3.00D～-6.00D)为99.1%,Ⅲ组(＞-6.00D)为88%;LASIKⅠ组为100%,Ⅱ组为88.24%,Ⅲ组为93.55%.术后半年等值球镜,PRKⅠ组为-0.25D,Ⅱ组为+0.14D,Ⅲ组为+0.79 D;LASIKⅠ组为0.00D,Ⅱ组为+0.25D,Ⅲ组为-0.04D.结论PRK治疗低、中度近视疗效肯定,LASIK治疗低、中、高度近视的疗效迅速、满意.     

PRK治疗RK术后残留近视随访5年报告

目的 评价准分子激光屈光性角膜切削术治疗放射状角膜切开术后残留近视的预测性、稳定性和安全性。方法 对19例36只眼RK术后残留近视进行PRK治疗，并随访5年。结果 术前平均屈光度－5.83D，裸眼视力0．11。术后平均屈光度－0．14D，裸眼视力0．88。结论 PRK治疗KR术后残留近视的5年随访结果表明：该方法预测性强，稳定性好，安全性高。     

准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术治疗近视2年疗效分析

目的分析准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术（LASIK）治疗近视2年的效果。方法术前按屈光度（等值球镜）的高低分3组：I组屈光度-0．75~-6．00D;Ⅱ组屈光度-6．25~-10．00D;III组屈光度〉-10．00D。采用美国VisxStarS4准分子激光仪行标准LAISKN疗,术后随访2年,观察其视力、屈光度的变化和并发症等情况。结果术后2年裸眼视力≥1．0的眼数分别占96．8％、89．0％、61．2％;≥1．0的眼数各组比较,I组与Ⅱ组、I组与Ⅲ组、Ⅱ组与Ⅲ组间差异均有统计学意义（P均〈0．01）;术后2年屈光度在±1．00D以内者分别占90．8％、76．8％-51％;屈光度在±1．00D的眼数各组比较,I组与Ⅱ组、I组与Ⅲ组、Ⅱ组与Ⅲ组间差异均有统计学意义（胸〈0．01）;全部患者无严重并发症。结论LASIK治疗中、低度近视远期效果理想,具有安全、有效及预测性好、术后稳定的优点。     

准分子激光角膜板层切削术治疗高度近视的临床分析

评价准分子激光角膜板层切削术（MicrolamellarKeratoplasty－excimerlaserKeratectomy，MLK－E或LASIK）治疗高度近视的效果．利用微型角膜刀系统在角膜上作一带蒂角膜瓣，在其下基质床进行PRK激光切削，共治疗了35例55眼，随访6个月以上，术前屈光状态等6球镜为－11．75±3.65D（－6．25～20．50），其中等球镜＜－15D的1组共40眼，屈光度为－10．00±2．15D，最佳矫正视力为0．96±0．25（0．4－1．5）；等球镜≥－15D的Ⅱ组共15眼，屈光度平均为－16．42±1．76D，最佳矫正视力为0．48±0.25（0．1～0．8）．散光最高为4．5D.果：术后视力和屈光度在1－3个月趋于稳定．术后6个月随访：Ⅰ组：屈光度平均为－0．45±0．55D（－1．67－ 0.45D），裸眼视力39眼（97．5％）达到0．5以上（另1眼裸眼视力等于术前最佳矫正视力同为0．4），29眼（72．5％）裸眼视力达到术前最佳矫正视力、Ⅱ组：屈光度平均为－1．35±1.76D（－4.50－ 1.18D），10眼（66．7％）裸眼视力达到术前最佳矫正视力，无严重手术并发症。结论MLK－E结合PRK和MLK的优点，是一种符合角膜解剖生理、准确安全有效的高度近视治疗方法．     

准分子激光治疗近视的临床分析

目的：探讨PRK和LASIK矫治近视、散光的有效性和稳定性。方法：对38只眼行PRK手术，对265只眼行LASIK手术，并随访1天、 1周、1月、3月、半年，观察手术前后的视力，屈光度的变化。结果：术后6个月裸眼视力≥0．5 I组100％，II组100％，Ⅲ组97．5％，Ⅳ组55％；裸眼视力≥1．0I组100％,Ⅱ组99．3％，Ⅲ组88．8％，Ⅳ组19．5％。结论：PRK和LASIK矫治近视、散光安全、有效、稳定性好。     

4878例准分子激光角膜原位磨镶术治疗近视疗效观察

目的观察应用准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术治疗近视的效果。方法使用美国VISX STAR S4准分子激光仪对4878例（9718只眼）近视患者行准分子激光角膜原位磨镶术矫治。术前球镜屈光度为-1．00～-14．00DS散光0— -4．50DC，按术前屈光度分为：1．组-1．00～-6．00DS。4328眼。2．组-6．25～-10．00DS，3616眼 3组-10．25～-14．00DS，1774眼。对三组术后的裸眼视力进行比较分析及术后裸眼视力和术前最佳矫正视力进行比较分析。结果 I组49．6％视力超过1．2，16．5％术后裸眼视力低于术前最佳矫正视力。II组1．9％裸眼视力超过1．2，6．9％低于术前最佳矫正视力。Ⅲ组34．3％裸眼视力超过1．2，16．5％低于术前最佳矫正视力。结论应用准分子激光原住磨镶术治疗近视可获得良好的治疗效果，并发症少，手术预见性和稳定性好，安全性高。     

准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术治疗近视眼的临床分析

目的:评价准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术(LASIK)治疗轻、中、高度及超高度近视的预测性、稳定性及安全性.方法:使用Technolas 217 C准分子激光治疗仪及Hansatome微型角膜板层刀对4 000只近视及近视散光眼行LASIK手术.根据术前近视程度,将有2年随访结果的1 148只眼分3组:Ⅰ组-1.00～-6.00 D(等值球镜,下同)462眼;Ⅱ组-6.25～-10.00 D 466眼;Ⅲ组-10.25～-15.00 D 220眼.结果:1 148只眼术后2年裸眼视力≥1.0(或≥术前最佳矫正视力)在Ⅰ组为97.8％,Ⅱ组为93.8％,Ⅲ组为90.5％,裸眼视力≥0.5(或比术前最佳矫正视力下降少于等于2行)在Ⅰ组为100％,Ⅱ组为96.4％,Ⅲ组为94.0％;剩余屈光度在Ⅰ组为(-0.24±0.31)D,Ⅱ组为(-0.55±0.63)D,Ⅲ组为(-1.17±0.75)D;无1眼最佳矫正视力下降2行以上.4 000只眼术中游离瓣及不完全瓣、不规则瓣发生率0.13％,上皮植入发生率0.18％,术后眼压轻度升高发生率0.48％,无严重并发症发生.结论:LASIK治疗-15.00 D以下轻、中、高度及超高度近视眼均可获得较好疗效,具有较好的安全性、可预测性及稳定性.     

准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术治疗近视612例临床分析

对612例（1094眼）不同程度近视（-1.00～-25.00 D）患者行准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术（LASIK）,按屈光度分成3组:组Ⅰ335例628眼,屈光度≤—6.00 D;组Ⅱ136例240眼,屈光度—6.25 D～-10.00 D;组Ⅲ141例226眼,屈光度>-10.00D.术后12个月Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组裸眼视力≥0.5者,分别达100％、96.7％和70.8％;≥1.0者分别达94.1％、71.7％和35.8％;屈光度在±1.00D以内分别为96.2％、93.3％和82.3％.认为LASIK手术对低中度、高度和超高度近视均有很好的疗效.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.