人附睾分泌蛋白4联合CA125在卵巢恶性肿瘤与子宫内膜异位症鉴别诊断中的价值

目的 探讨血清人附睾分泌蛋白4(HE4)联合CA125水平检测在卵巢恶性肿瘤与子宫内膜异位症鉴别诊断中的价值.方法 采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿(内异症组)46例、卵巢上皮性癌(卵巢癌组)36例、卵巢非内膜异位良性肿瘤(良性肿瘤组)60例和健康妇女(对照组)50例血清中HE4和CA125水平,结果以中位数表示.血清HFA和CA125正常值分别为0～150 pmo/L和0～35 kU/L,单独或联合检测时,其中任一指标高于正常上限即定为阳性.通过制作受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线,以曲线下面积(AUC)反映诊断的准确性;以Mann-Whitney U 检验及相关性分析探讨两项指标单独或联合检测用于诊断卵巢内异症囊肿的价值.结果 (1)HE4水平:内异症、对照、良性肿瘤组妇女血清HE4水平分别为52.4、51.0、50.0 pmoL/L,3组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),卵巢癌组患者HE4水平为507.5 pmoL/L,与其他3组分别比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).(2)CA125水平:卵巢癌、内异症、良性肿瘤及对照组妇女血清CA125水平分别为743.0、84.9、15.4、11.5 kU/L,卵巢癌组与其他3组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).(3)单项榆测结果:卵巢癌组以内异症组为参照时,HE4和CA125笛单项检测的AUC分别0.933和0.821,其特异度为95%时的敏感度分别为79.6%和49.0%;内异症组以对照组为参照时的AUC为0.453;以良性肿瘤组为参照时的AUC为0.496.(4)联合检测结果:卵巢癌组以内异症组为参照时,HE4联合CA125检测的AUC为0.936,其特异度为95%时的敏感度为81.0%.结论 HE4水平可作为卵巢内异症囊肿的鉴别诊断依据之一,HE4联合CA125水平检测能有效鉴别卵巢内异症囊肿和卵巢恶性肿瘤.     

血清HE4及CA125对子宫内膜癌宫外转移的预测价值

目的:评估术前血清HE4和CA125联合检测在子宫内膜癌(EC)的子宫外转移的诊断价值。方法:回顾分析327例EC患者的临床病理资料,检测血清HE4和CA125水平,分析HE4及CA125与临床病理参数的关系,计算诊断评价指标,绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线,计算AUC值。结果:患者血清HE4和CA125水平与病灶范围大小、肌层浸润深度、肿瘤分化程度、临床分期、有无子宫外转移等有关,差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。血清HE4、CA125单项检测子宫外转移时,HE4敏感度最高,为57.81%,联合诊断能显著提高敏感度达79.68%。两项单独检测的ROC-AUC值分别为0.740、0.714,而联合诊断的ROC-AUC值为0.810,差异有统计学意义(P0.001)。结论:血清HE4和CA125联合预测EC患者的子宫外转移比单项检测更具优势。     

血清人附睾分泌蛋白4（HE_4）和CA_（125）在卵巢癌患者手术及化疗前后的变化

目的检测卵巢癌患者手术及化疗前后HE4和CA125的血清值,探讨卵巢癌患者治疗前后HE4、CA125的变化情况。方法采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA法）检测21例卵巢癌患者治疗过程中血清HE4和CA125水平。数据使用SPSS13.0进行统计学分析。结果卵巢癌患者术后行常规化疗,血清HE4及CA125的水平基本下降到正常。术前HE4中位数水平为796.32pmol/L,第2次后基本恢复正常,为135.61pmol/L;患者术前CA125中位数水平为1280kU/L,第3次化疗后为30.4kU/L,恢复正常。卵巢癌患者治疗过程中HE4与CA125具有较强的相关性,相关系数为0.811。结论 HE4可能作为有助于评判疗效的另一种血清学标志物。     

人附睾蛋白4在子宫内膜非典型增生患者中筛查子宫内膜癌的临床价值

目的：探讨人附睾蛋白4（human epididymis protein 4,HE4）检测在诊断性刮宫（诊刮）病理为子宫内膜非典型增生（atypical endometrial hyperplasia,AEH）患者中筛查子宫内膜癌（endometrial carcinoma,EC）的临床价值。方法：选取2011年1月—2014年12月在天津市中心妇产科医院诊刮病理为AEH进而行手术治疗的患者,术前采用电化学发光免疫分析法检测患者血清HE4、CA125和CA199水平,根据术后病理分为EC组和AEH组,分析2组患者肿瘤标记物的水平差异。制作受试者工作特征曲线（ROC）,以曲线下面积（AUC）反映肿瘤标记物的诊断价值。结果：入选的118例诊刮病理为AEH的患者中,31例术后被诊断为EC（EC组）,其血清HE4、CA125和CA199水平分别为73.4 pmol/L、31.4 kU/L和23.3 kU/L;87例术后诊断仍为AEH（AEH组）,上述3种肿瘤标记物的水平分别为44.3 pmol/L、17.0 kU/L和19.0 kU/L;EC组HE4和CA125水平高于AEH组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,而CA199水平差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。EC组以AEH组为参照时,HE4和CA125单独检测的AUC分别为0.785和0.706,两者联合检测的AUC为0.867,敏感度为76.6%。结论：EC患者血清HE4和CA125水平明显高于AEH患者,两者联合检测有助于筛查出诊刮病理为AEH人群中漏诊的EC患者。     

联合检测HE4、CA125和CEA在卵巢上皮癌中的诊断意义

目的:探讨单独及联合检测HE4、CA125及CEA对卵巢上皮癌的诊断意义。方法:电化学发光法检测79例卵巢上皮癌、83例卵巢良性肿瘤患者及82例健康查体女性血清中HE4、CA125及CEA水平。分析HE4、CA125及CEA水平与卵巢上皮癌临床病理特征的关系。受试者工作曲线(ROC曲线)分析单独与联合检测卵巢上皮癌的灵敏度和特异度。结果:卵巢上皮癌组的血清HE4、CA125、CEA水平明显高于卵巢良性肿瘤组及健康查体组,差异均有统计学意义(P均0.05),后两组比较则无明显差异(P0.05)。卵巢上皮癌组患者中,临床病理期别越晚,血清HE4水平越高(P0.05),肿瘤分化程度越低,CA125水平越高(P0.05)。联合检测HEA、CA125和CEA ROC曲线下面积大于单独检测(P0.05)。结论:联合检测HE4、CA125、CEA比单独检测对卵巢上皮癌有更好的诊断价值。     

血清CA125用于预测上皮性卵巢癌、输卵管癌及腹膜癌化疗反应性的研究

目的:探讨上皮性卵巢癌、输卵管癌及腹膜癌对铂类+紫杉醇类化疗敏感性与CA125变化的关系。方法:选取2009年1月至2011年5月上海市第一妇婴保健院手术及化疗的71例上皮性卵巢癌、6例输卵管癌和1例腹膜癌患者,以3次化疗后血清CA125能否降至正常(<35kU/L),术后前3次化疗后每次CA125同上次比较能否降低50%作为判断铂类敏感的指标,比较分析化疗敏感型患者CA125数值变化规律。结果:(1)术前CA125数值对于判断患者第2次及第3次化疗后血清CA125能否下降50%以上具有统计学意义(P<0.01);(2)术后首次CA125数值对于判断患者第2次(P=0.028),第3次(P<0.01)化疗后血清CA125能否下降50%,以及3次化疗后血清CA125能否降至正常(P=0.046)具有统计学意义;(3)较早FIGO分期(FIGOⅠ～Ⅱ期),无腹水,满意的肿瘤灭减术也是决定患者化疗敏感性的临床指标。结论:术前和术后血清CA125水平、较早的FIGO分期、无腹水、满意的肿瘤减灭术是影响卵巢癌、输卵管癌、腹膜癌患者化疗敏感性的有意义的临床指标。     

多西他赛联合奈达铂治疗复发性浆液性卵巢癌的疗效观察

目的研究多西他赛联合奈达铂治疗复发性上皮性卵巢癌的疗效及其安全性。方法回顾性分析34例复发性上皮性卵巢癌患者,根据实体肿瘤治疗疗效评估标准(RECIST)和血清CA125水平评估多西他赛联合奈达铂化疗方案的疗效,并依据WHO抗癌药物毒性表现及分级标准评估其安全性。结果 34例患者在完成2个化疗疗程后,完全缓解10例(29.4%),部分缓解10例(29.4%),病情稳定9例(26.5%),进展5例(14.7%),总有效率58.8%,疾病控制率85.3%。主要不良反应为轻度骨髓抑制及胃肠道反应。结论多西他赛联合奈达铂化疗方案治疗复发性上皮性卵巢癌,无论铂类敏感或耐药,均有较好的疗效,且不良反应相对轻微。     

血清CA199、CA125、HE4水平表达与卵巢癌的相关性分析

目的 探究血清糖类抗原199(CA199)、糖类抗原125(CA125)、人附睾蛋白4(HE4)水平表达与卵巢癌的相关性。方法 选取60例卵巢癌患者纳入研究组;另选取同期健康体检者60例纳入对照组。两组均采用全自动化学发光免疫分析仪测定血清CA199、CA125、HE4水平以及卵巢癌不同分期患者的血清水平,并分析血清CA199、CA125、HE4水平与卵巢癌的相关性。结果 研究组血清CA199、CA125、HE4水平高于对照组（P<0.05）。研究组卵巢癌Ⅲ～Ⅳ期患者的血清CA199、CA125、HE4水平高于Ⅰ～Ⅱ期患者（P<0.05）。血清CA199、CA125、HE4水平与卵巢癌成正相关（r=0.387、0.379、0.383,P<0.05）。结论 血清CA199、CA125、HE4水平高表达与卵巢癌发病及进展有关,可作为临床预测、诊断、评估病情的关键指标。     

注射用紫杉醇脂质体治疗晚期卵巢癌及对患者血清肿瘤标志物和免疫功能的影响#br#

目的研究注射用紫杉醇脂质体联合卡铂治疗晚期卵巢癌疗效及对患者血清癌抗原CA 125、CA153和CA199水平和免疫功能的影响,观察化疗不良反应的发生情况。方法选取2019年5月至2021年3月陕西省肿瘤医院的98例卵巢癌患者为样本进行随机对照研究,按照就诊顺序进行编号并采用随机数字表法均分为观察组和对照组各49例,观察组采用紫杉醇脂质体联合卡铂进行化疗,对照组采用紫杉醇注射液联合卡铂化疗,评估两组3个疗程后的临床疗效、肿瘤标志物、T淋巴细胞亚群分布及不良反应的发生情况。结果观察组和对照组治疗的有效率分别为72.34%和52.17%(P<0.05);3个疗程后两组血清CA125、CA153和CA199水平明显降低(P<0.05),且观察组血清CA125、CA153和CA199水平低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);3个疗程后两组外周血CD4+和CD4+/CD8+均明显降低(P<0.05),CD8+均明显升高(P<0.05),且观察组CD4+和CD4+/CD8+低于对照组,CD8+高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组恶心呕吐、腹泻、白细胞减少、血小板减少、肝功能损害和肾功能损害发生率均明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论注射用紫杉醇脂质体联合卡铂治疗晚期卵巢癌可有效提升近期疗效,降低血清CA125、CA153和CA199水平,同时有利于减轻免疫功能损害并降低不良反应的发生率。     

血清人附睾蛋白4、癌抗原125和卵巢恶性肿瘤风险模型指数预测子宫内膜癌淋巴结转移的价值研究

目的评价血清人附睾蛋白4(HE4)、癌抗原125(CA125)和卵巢恶性肿瘤风险模型(ROMA)指数预测子宫内膜癌淋巴结转移的价值。方法回顾性选取2016年1月1日至2020年1月1日在辽宁省肿瘤医院因子宫内膜癌手术的326例患者为研究组,同期于体检中心体检的163名正常人群为对照组,评价血清HE4、CA125和ROMA指数预测淋巴结转移的价值。结果研究组与对照组比较,HE4、CA125、ROMA指数差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05);无论绝经前后CA125、ROMA指数均与淋巴结转移相关,HE4与绝经前组淋巴结转移相关,HE4、CA125、ROMA指数淋巴结阳性组均高于淋巴结阴性组;绝经前CA125≥69.45 kU/L,绝经后CA125≥21.45 kU/L为淋巴结转移的独立危险因素;CA125预测淋巴结转移的绝经前、后的ROC曲线下面积分别为0.810、0.671;HE4、CA125、ROMA指数评估淋巴结转移的阴性预测值大于90%。结论 HE4、CA125、ROMA指数均可准确评估子宫内膜癌及淋巴结转移情况。CA125比HE4、ROMA指数评估淋巴结转移的准确性高。     

The predictive and prognostic value of serum CA 125 half-life during paclitaxel/platinum-based chemotherapy in patients with advanced ovarian carcinoma

OBJECTIVES: Serum CA 125 kinetics during early chemotherapy has a strong predictive and prognostic relevance for patients with advanced ovarian carcinoma who received a first-line platinum-based regimen, whereas the ability of serum CA 125 assay to reflect the response to paclitaxel-based chemotherapy has not yet been defined. The aim of the present paper is to calculate the serum CA 125 half-life during first-line paclitaxel/platinum-based chemotherapy in patients with advanced ovarian carcinoma and to correlate this kinetic parameter with the response to treatment, progression-free survival and overall survival. METHODS: This retrospective investigation assessed 71 patients with stages IIc-IV ovarian carcinoma who underwent initial surgery followed by paclitaxel/platinum-based chemotherapy and who had serum CA 125 > 35 U/ml before the first cycle of chemotherapy. Only epithelial ovarian cancers were included. RESULTS: The 25%, 50%, and 75% quantiles of serum CA 125 half-life during early chemotherapy were 10, 14, and 20 days, respectively. Taking the value corresponding to the 50% quantile (i.e., 14 days) as cutoff limit, serum CA 125 half-life was an independent prognostic factor for the chance of achieving a complete response to treatment as well as for progression-free survival and overall survival. In detail, patients with serum antigen half-life <== 14 days had a 3.362 times as great probability to achieve a complete response and a 3.113 times as low probability to die when compared to those with a longer half-life. CONCLUSIONS: Serum CA 125 assay represents a reliable biochemical tool for the management of advanced ovarian carcinoma patients who receive a first-line paclitaxel/platinum-based chemotherapy.     

Prognostic value of serum HE4 in patients with advanced ovarian,fallopian tube,and peritoneal carcinoma

In this study, the prognostic value of serum HE4 was investigated in patients with advanced ovarian, fallopian tube, and peritoneal carcinoma. Serum HE4 and CA125 levels were measured in both patients and controls, and the response of treatment and the detection of recurrence were evaluated by serum HE4 and CA125 levels in the patients. The results showed that the levels of serum HE4 and CA125 were significantly higher in advanced patients than those seen in benign disease controls (p < 0.001). Compared with CA125, HE4 had higher specificity, but lower sensitivity. Furthermore, serum HE4 was closely associated with the response of treatment and recurrence, the effective response rate for therapy treatment showed by HE4 was higher than CA125, and a serum HE4 level was correlated with a sensitivity of 82.8% and a specificity of 99%, a positive predictive value (PPV) of 97.7%, and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 77.9% to show the presence of recurrence; the accuracy of HE4 for recurrence prediction after treatment was 88.6%. Our study indicated that serum HE4 levels are effective for diagnosis, evaluating the response of treatment and predicting recurrence in patients with advanced ovarian, fallopian tube, and peritoneal carcinoma.     

HE4 and CA125 as preoperative risk stratifiers for lymph node metastasis in endometrioid carcinoma of the endometrium: A retrospective study in a cohort with histological proof of lymph node status

ObjectivesTo investigate whether HE4 and CA125 could identify endometrioid adenocarcinoma patients who might most benefit from full staging surgery with lymphadenectomy.MethodsSequential patients with a preoperative banked serum and histology of endometrioid adenocarcinoma of endometrium who had undergone surgical staging with lymph node dissection over a 5-year period between 2011 and 2016 were included from a tertiary Gynaecological Cancer Centre, Dublin, Ireland. Preoperative serum HE4 and CA125 were measured using ELISA, with the cut-offs HE4 81 pmol/L and CA125 35 U/ml. Predictive values were estimated using AUC, sensitivity, specificity and odds ratios.Results9.5% of the cohort had lymph node metastases. A HE4 cut-off of 81 pmol/L yielded a sensitivity of 78.6% and specificity of 53.4% for predicting lymph node metastases. Sensitivity of CA125 at 35 U/ml was 57% and specificity 91.4%. The AUC was 0.66 (0.52–0.80) for HE4 and 0.74 (0.58–0.91) for CA125. Sensitivity was 92.8% and specificity 51.1% when an elevation of either HE4 or CA125 was included, AUC was 0.72 (0.61–0.83), this combination yielded the highest NPV of 98.6%. Sensitivity was 42.9% and specificity 93.8% if both markers were elevated simultaneously, AUC was 0.68 (0.51–0.86). Preoperative clinical predictors of high-grade preoperative histology and radiology had sensitivities of 21.4% and 41.7%, respectively. Patients with a HE4 above 81 pmol/L had an odds ratio of 4.2 (1.12–15.74), p < 0.05, of lymph node metastases and CA125 had an odds ratio of 14.2 (4.16–48.31), p < 0.001.ConclusionsSerum HE4 and CA125 improved on existing methods for risk stratification of endometrioid carcinomas and warrant further investigation.     

The use of HE4 in the prediction of ovarian cancer in Asian women with a pelvic mass

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance of human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) and the Risk of Ovarian Malignancy Algorithm (ROMA) for distinguishing between benign and malignant pelvis masses in Asian women.MethodsThis was a prospective, multicenter (n = 6) study with patients from six Asian countries. Patients had a pelvic mass on imaging and were scheduled to undergo surgery. Serum CA125 and HE4 were measured on preoperative samples. CA125, HE4, and ROMA were evaluated for sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV).ResultsA total of 414 women with an adnexal mass were evaluated, of which 65 had epithelial ovarian (EOC) cancer, 16 had borderline tumors and 11 had other malignant diseases. Compared to CA125, HE4 had lower sensitivity (56.9% vs 90.8%) and NPV (91.8% vs 97.3%), but improved specificity (96.9% vs 67.1%) and PPV (78.7% vs 35.8%) for differentiating between benign pelvic mass and EOC. ROMA had similar sensitivity (89.2% vs 90.8%) and NPV (97.6% vs 97.3%) as CA125, but showed improved specificity (87.3% vs 67.1%) and PPV (58.6% vs 35.8%). ROMA accurately predicted 87.3% of benign cases as low risk, and 82.6% of stage I/II EOC and 89.2% of all EOC as high risk.ConclusionROMA showed similar sensitivity as CA125 but improved specificity and PPV, especially in premenopausal women. Using ROMA may help predict if a pelvic mass is benign or malignant and facilitate subsequent management planning.     

Can Surgical Debulking Reverse Platinum Resistance in Patients With Metastatic Epithelial Ovarian Cancer?

ObjectivesTo examine the impact of delayed primary interval surgical debulking in women with ovarian cancer who show resistance to neoadjuvant platinum-based chemotherapy.MethodsWe carried out retrospective chart reviews to identify women treated for ovarian cancer between 1997 and 2005 who were resistant to neoadjuvant platinum-based chemotherapy based on CA-125 criteria. “Platinum resistance” was defined as having a decrease in serum CA-125 of less than 50% after three cycles of chemotherapy from the time of initial diagnosis. Associations between residual disease and platinum sensitivity status at time of first recurrence were identified using chi-square tests. Median progression-free interval was estimated using the Kaplan Meier method.ResultsNinety-one women were treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Seventeen patients met the criteria for platinum resistance after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The mean decline in serum CA-125 levels was 18.2%. All patients underwent attempts at surgical debulking. Optimal debulking was achieved in 10 patients (59%). There was a significant association between decreasing amount of residual disease and improving clinical response after primary treatment (P = 0.007), and with platinum sensitivity status at the time of first recurrence (P = 0.023). The estimated median progression free survival was 10.7 months.ConclusionIn women with ovarian cancer who have demonstrated platinum resistance after primary neoadjuvant chemotherapy, optimal tumour debulking can further improve response to subsequent platinum-based chemotherapy and prognosis.     

Somatic hypermutation and outcomes of platinum based chemotherapy in patients with high grade serous ovarian cancer

Objective

The standard treatment for high grade ovarian serous cancer (HG-OSC) is aggressive cytoreductive surgery followed by platinum based chemotherapy. However, approximately 30% of patients exhibit platinum resistance, and those patients show aggressive clinical courses. Currently, it is difficult to predict which HG-OSC patients will respond to platinum-based chemotherapy.

Methods

We analyzed whole exome sequences for 174 HG-SOC patients using data obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data portal regarding platinum response. Patients were categorized as having either hypermutation or hypomutation according to the number of mutations in their sample.

Results

HG-SOC showed multiple somatic mutations in individual patients with an average mutated gene number of 61.9. The mean mutation number per patient significantly differed between the platinum sensitive and resistant groups (P < 0.001). Patients who were platinum sensitive were more likely to have somatic hypermutation in their cancer cells and multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that somatic hypermutation was an independent factor for risk estimation of platinum sensitivity (odds ratio [OR] = 3.616; P = 0.002). In multivariate Cox hazard analysis, we identified that somatic hypermutation, as well as platinum response and surgical outcome, were independent prognostic factors in HG-OSC (overall survival, P = 0.012; progression free survival, P = 0.036).

Conclusions

Somatic hypermutation was significantly associated with platinum sensitivity and was an independent prognostic factor in HG-OSC patients treated with platinum based chemotherapy.     

CA125 level as a predictor of progression-free survival and overall survival in ovarian cancer patients with surgically defined disease status prior to the initiation of intraperitoneal consolidation therapy

OBJECTIVES: Recent data suggest that differences in CA125 levels within the normal range may predict progression-free survival (PFS), but limited information is available regarding the value of these differences in predicting overall survival (OS) in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer. The objective of this study was to determine whether CA125 is an independent predictor of OS in patients with surgically defined disease status at the end of primary therapy prior to intraperitoneal (IP) consolidation chemotherapy. A secondary objective was to assess the relationship of CA125 level to PFS. METHODS: Using data from a retrospective cohort of 433 patients who received intraperitoneal (IP) therapy following primary treatment for ovarian cancer between 1984 and 1998, we identified 241 patients with a complete clinical response and CA125 data at the time of second-look surgery prior to IP chemotherapy. Patient demographics and updated follow-up status were abstracted from medical records. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were compared using the log-rank test, and Cox regression models were used for multivariate analysis. RESULTS: The majority of patients had advanced stage III or IV disease (n=201, 83%) and high-grade histology (n=163, 68%). Taxane was used as part of primary platinum-based therapy in 56% (n=134) of patients, and subsequent IP chemotherapy was platinum-based in 85% (n=206). When considered as a continuous variable, CA125 was a predictor of OS (P=0.029). Using the median CA125 level in our study group as a cut-off, OS was increased in patients with CA125 < or =12 U/ml (median 5.8 years) compared with >12 (3.7 years) (P=0.0027). CA125 level was an independent predictor of OS (HR: 1.410; 95% CI, 1.044, 1.904, P=0.0248) in a multivariate model that included stage (P=0.0166), grade (P=0.0001), and findings at second-look surgery (P=0.0003). CA125 level was also a predictor of clinical PFS (radiographic or CA125 elevation criteria alone) in a subset of 161 patients as a continuous variable (P=0.0036), and when divided at the median (< or = or >12; median 2.8 years vs. 1.7 years; P=0.0017). CONCLUSIONS: In our study population, CA125 level at the end of primary therapy was a predictor of OS and PFS when considered as a continuous variable, or when divided at the median (< or = or >12 U/ml). Further prospective study is required to optimize clinically significant cut-off values within the normal range of CA125 levels for both OS and PFS endpoints.     

Prognostic significance of human epididymis protein 4 in epithelial ovarian cancer

Objective

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prognostic significance of serum human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) level in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer.

Study design

A total of 78 women diagnosed with a pelvic mass and operated on in our institute comprised our cohort. Forty-five of these were diagnosed with epithelial ovarian cancer and treated with debulking surgery, followed by taxane and platinum-based chemotherapy as clinically indicated. Preoperatively obtained serum samples were analyzed for levels of HE4 and CA125.

Results

The elevated serum HE4 level was related to advanced stage and serous type of cancer. The median duration of the follow-up was 35.1 months. In advanced stage, the median progression-free survival (PFS) of patients with elevated serum HE4 levels was 20.1 months (95% CI, 15.7–24.6 months), whereas that of patients with normal serum HE4 level was 24.2 months (95% CI, 13.9–34.6 months) (p = 0.029). Independent predictors for PFS in patients with advanced stage EOC included serum HE4 level (hazard ratio 2.24; 95% CI, 1.14 to 6.84; p = 0.048).

Conclusions

Our results demonstrated that an elevated serum HE4 level was related to the advanced stage of epithelial ovarian cancer. An elevated serum level of HE4 is a poor prognostic factor for PFS in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer who were treated with debulking surgery and adjuvant taxane and platinum-based chemotherapy. The serum HE4 level is a promising indicator for the progression of cancer as well as a biomarker for the detection of epithelial ovarian cancer.     

Transvaginal color Doppler ultrasonography and CA-125 in suspicious adnexal masses.

OBJECTIVE: To compare diagnostic performance of color Doppler ultrasound and CA-125 in suspicious adnexal masses on B-mode sonography. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data on 94 patients (mean age: 47.4 years, range: 17-79 years. Fifty-two (55.3%) premenopausal and 42 (44.7%) postmenopausal women) managed in our institution because of a suspicious adnexal mass were reviewed. All patients were evaluated by transvaginal color Doppler ultrasonography (CD) and serum CA-125 level determination prior to surgery. Definitive histopathological diagnosis was obtained in each case. Sonographic morphology evaluation was suspicious in all cases. CD was considered as suspicious when flow was detected and the lowest RI found was < or = 0.45. CA-125 cut-off was > or = 35 UI/ml. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated for each method and compared. ROC analysis was performed for RI and CA-125. Areas under curve (AUC) were calculated and compared. RESULTS: Fifty-six (59.6%) tumors were found to be malignant and 38 (40.4%) benign. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV for CD were 87.5% (95% CIs: 75.3-94.4), 84.2% (95% CIs: 68.7-94), 89.1% (95% CIs: 77.7-95.9) and 82.1% (95% CIs: 66.5-92.5), respectively. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV for CA-125 were 83.9% (95% CIs: 71.7-92.4), 68.4% (95% CIs: 51.3-82.5), 79.7% (95% CIs: 66.2-89) and 74.3% (95% CIs: 56.7-87.5), respectively. Sensitivity, PPV and NPV were not statistically different. CD had higher specificity (P = 0.01). AUC curve for Doppler (0.75) was significantly higher than for CA-125 (0.61) (P = 0.0002). CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that color Doppler ultrasound has a better diagnostic performance as compared with CA-125, being significantly more specific.