Shiitake Mushroom Dermatitis: A Review

Shiitake mushroom dermatitis is a cutaneous reaction caused by the consumption of raw or undercooked shiitake mushrooms. Symptoms include linear erythematous eruptions with papules, papulovesicles or plaques, and severe pruritus. It is likely caused by lentinan, a heat-inactivated beta-glucan polysaccharide. Cases were initially reported in Japan but have now been documented in other Asian countries, North America, South America, and Europe, as this mushroom is now cultivated and consumed worldwide. Shiitake mushroom dermatitis may result from mushroom ingestion or from handling, which can result in an allergic contact dermatitis.     

Dermatitis Artefacta: A Review of Five Cases: A Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenge

Dermatitis artefacta (DA) is a self-inflicted dermatological condition where the underlying motive is to assume a sick role. The act of self-harm is to discharge the inner sense of isolation and emotional distress, which is too great to endure. We, hereby, report five interesting cases of DA with varied presentations, using diverse and innovative means for inflicting injury/injuries. Rarity may be attributed to masquerading presentation, leading to misdiagnosis and paucity of awareness among the physicians. Lack of proper identification of the underlying psychiatric disturbances may be the major cause of the loss of follow-ups. Here, we were fortunate enough to identify the emotional need of most of the patients. A flexible, nonconfrontational yet strong therapeutic rapport is required to improve the therapeutic outcomes.     

类风湿性嗜中性皮炎1例并文献复习

报告1例类风湿性嗜中性皮炎。患者女,56岁,躯干四肢红斑丘疹脓疱伴痛痒8个月余。组织病理:浅表结痂,轻度角化过度,局部表皮轻度增生,可见少量角化不良细胞,表皮下脓肿形成,真皮浅中层见较弥漫中性粒细胞浸润,并可见少量嗜酸性粒细胞浸润,血管内皮肿胀伴中性粒细胞浸润,未见明确血管炎改变。诊断:类风湿性嗜中性皮炎。结合病例及相关文献,对此少见病发病机制、临床及病理、治疗等进行综合分析。     

Contact dermatitis to Shiitake mushroom

A 44-year-old woman with occupational allergic contact dermatitis to Shiitake mushroom (Lentinus edodes), sawdust and thiuram. She presented with an 8-month history of hand and face dermatitis that developed after working for 2.5 years in a mushroom farm. Within 3 months of ceasing work at the farm, her symptoms resolved completely.     

Prenatal Maternal Risk Factors Contributing to Atopic Dermatitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies

BackgroundThe gestational risk factors predispose to the manifestation of early childhood atopic dermatitis (AD).ObjectiveWe evaluated the association between modifiable and non-modifiable gestational and prenatal risk factors that affect the AD prevalence in children.MethodsWe performed the systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies (n=27) in PubMed and EMBASE (2000~2021). A meta-analysis was performed using random-effects models to estimate pooled odds ratios (OR) or hazard ratio (HR). We performed a systematic review according to Preferred Reporting Item for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and summarized cohort studies investigating gestational and prenatal risk factor those predispose to AD in off spring. Leading modifiable and non-modifiable were identified through ORs. Meta-analysis using the random effect model was also conducted to provide an overall estimate for several significant factors.ResultsAmong the non-modifiable risk factors gestational diabetes (7.2, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.4~34.5), maternal history of allergy (2.14, 95% CI: 1.54~2.97) and prenatal history of eczema (2.46, 95% CI: 1.0~5.8) were found as major determining risk factors in early manifestation of AD in children. Further, maternal exposure to industrial products (1.89, 95% CI: 1.10~3.16), exposure to antibiotics during pregnancy (3.59, 95% CI: 1.19~10.85) and passive smoking during pregnancy (2.60, 95% CI: 1.11~6.1) are leading causes of early AD manifestation.ConclusionConclusively, both genetic and environmental factors play a pivotal role in early manifestation of AD. The better managing the environmental factors during gestational phase to the least can help curtail the prevalence of AD in children.     

香菇皮炎三例并文献复习

香菇皮炎又名鞭挞样皮炎,主要临床表现为条索状、线状的鞭挞样红斑,大部分患者伴瘙痒,有香菇食用史。本文报道3例香菇皮炎,患者1发病前曾两次食用未煮熟的香菇。患者2发病前48小时因聚会曾食用大量凉拌金针菇,患者3发病前1天食用大量未熟透的烧烤香菇。     

香菇皮炎一例

香菇皮炎（shiitake dermatitis）是临床上一种较少见的皮肤病,好发于东亚地区。特征性的皮疹为鞭挞样红斑,病程良性经过,有自限性。现将我科诊治的1例报道如下。临床资料患者,女,30岁。因背部及双上肢多发条带状红斑伴瘙痒2天就诊。2天前,在无特殊诱因下出现肩胛区多发水肿性条索状红斑,伴有轻度瘙痒,未就诊治疗。此后,皮疹逐渐增多累及腰背部及双上肢伸侧,瘙痒剧烈,影响休息.     

Pediatric Positional Sitting Dermatitis: A New Form of Pediatric Contact Dermatitis

We report on four pediatric patients who presented with localized dermatitis in areas subject to repetitive friction due to their sitting positions. We propose that the cause of the eruption was irritant contact dermatitis due to frequently sitting in a crossed‐leg sitting position, an entity for which we have coined the term pediatric positional sitting dermatitis (PPSD). The goal of this report is to raise clinicians' awareness of PPSD, which to our knowledge has not been previously described, and to discuss management of these patients.     

Systematic Review of Oral Treatments for Seborrheic Dermatitis

Seborrheic dermatitis (SD) is normally treated with topical corticosteroids and antifungals. Oral therapies can be prescribed in severe or unresponsive cases. This review aims to assess the quantity and quality of published reports on oral therapies for SD. MEDLINE and Embase databases and the reference listings of publications were searched for any publication using oral treatment for SD. The quality of the included publications was assessed using a modified 27 item checklist by Downs and Black. Twenty‐one publications (randomized controlled trials, open trials and case reports) covering eight oral therapies (itraconazole, terbinafine, fluconazole, ketoconazole, pramiconazole, prednisone, isotretinoin and homeopathic mineral therapy) were identified. Most of the publications investigated oral antifungals and the quality of the evidence was generally low. The clinical efficacy outcome reported varied considerably between the studies, preventing statistical analysis and direct comparison between treatments. However, ketoconazole therapy was associated with more relapses compared with other treatments. Itraconazole dosing regimen for SD was generally 200 mg/day for the first week of the month followed by 200 mg/day for the first 2 days for 2–11 months. Terbinafine was prescribed at 250 mg/day either as a continuous (4–6 weeks) or as an intermittent regimen (12 days per month) for 3 months. Fluconazole has administered daily (50 mg/day for 2 weeks) or weekly (200–300 mg) for 2–4 weeks. Ketoconazole dosing regimen was 200 mg daily for 4 weeks. Finally, a single 200 mg dose of pramiconazole was administered to patients. This review also highlights key areas for consideration when designing future studies.