内毒素和细胞因子的测定在慢性阻塞性肺疾病中的应用及临床意义

慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)是一种慢性炎症性疾病。本文对30例急性期COPD患者，缓解期25例，健康人25例的血清中的内毒素和细胞因子(IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α）进行检测，探讨它们在COPD发病中的作用和意义。     

贝那普利对慢性阻塞性肺疾病大鼠炎症因子及肺功能影响

目的观察贝那普利对慢性阻塞性肺疾病(简称慢阻肺)大鼠肺功能及炎症因子的影响,为贝那普利治疗慢阻肺提供实验依据。方法将60只雄性SD大鼠随机分为正常对照组、模型组、贝那普利干预组,每组各20只。采用2次气管滴注脂多糖(LPS)加烟熏的方法建立慢阻肺大鼠模型,第28天时检测大鼠肺功能和血清及肺组织匀浆中白细胞介素-8(IL-8)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)含量。HE染色观察大鼠肺组织病理改变。结果模型组大鼠肺组织HE染色符合慢阻肺的病理改变,慢阻肺组大鼠出现明显肺气肿,贝那普利干预组也出现肺气肿,但程度较轻;模型组、干预组大鼠的肺功能与对照组比较均有下降,模型组的VE值、PEP值、FEV0.3值较干预组下降更为显著,差异均有统计学意义(P0.01或P0.05);模型组、干预组大鼠血清、肺组织匀浆中IL-8、TNF-α的含量均分别明显高于对照组,模型组较干预组升高更为显著,差异均有统计学意义(P0.01或P0.05)。结论贝那普利能明显减轻慢阻肺大鼠肺组织损伤,缓解肺功能下降,其机制可能是通过下调慢阻肺大鼠血清和肺组织匀浆中IL-8、TNF-α的水平来实现的。     

老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病白介素和肿瘤坏死因子-α测定的临床意义

目的探讨老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）患者血清白介素（IL-6、IL-8）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF—α）测定的临床意义。方法21例老年COPD急性加重期住院患者，分别于治疗前及治疗10～14d病情缓解后查血常规、肺功能并计算第1秒用力呼气量（FEV1）占预计值百分比（FEV1Pre），用EHSA法检测血清IL-6、IL-8、TNF—α浓度。结果COPD急性加重期时外周血中性粒细胞占白细胞总数百分比（Neu／Leu％）、血清IL-6、IL-8、TNF—α浓度均明显高于缓解后水平（均P〈0．01），而急性加重期FEV1Pre明显低于缓解后水平（P〈0．01）。IL-8、IL-6、TNF—α与FEV1Pre均呈负相关（P〈0、05），Neu／Leu％与FEV1Pre无明显相关性，IL-6、IL-8、TNF—α与Neu／Leu％均呈正相关（P〈0．05）。结论血清IL-6、IL-8、TNF—α不仅参与了老年COPD急性加重的发病机制，而且与病情严重程度密切相关。     

白细胞介素8在老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病中的作用

吸烟、慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者痰和支气管肺泡灌洗液中的中性粒细胞数量均多于健康吸烟者〔1〕。研究发现,白细胞介素8(IL - 8)与COPD的发生、发展有密切关系。提示血清IL - 8检测是COPD病情监测和疗效判断的较好指标〔2〕。本文探讨COPD病程与IL - 8含量的关系。1　对象与方法1.1　对象　经病史,体检,胸片等证实,符合COPD诊治规范标准(草案) ,处于急性发作期的COPD患者30例,男2 6例,女4例,年龄5 8～82岁,平均72 .4岁,其中有吸烟史者2 0例,均为男性。各患者无呼吸系统变态反应病史,既往及现病史无癌症,胶原血管疾病、心衰、…     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者肺部菌群结构与全身炎症反应的关系研究

目的 基于高通量测序探讨肺部菌群与慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）全身炎症反应的关系。方法 选取2017年3月至2018年12月于金华市人民医院呼吸内科就诊的稳定期COPD患者120例,行支气管镜下肺泡灌洗,利用Miseq PE 300平台进行肺泡灌洗液高通量测序。结果 COPD患者的肺部微生物群以链球菌属、韦荣氏球菌属、普雷沃菌属、罗氏菌属和放线菌属为主;在菌群门水平层面,白细胞介素（interleukin,IL）-6高水平组较IL-6低水平组、肿瘤坏死因子（tumor necrosis factor,TNF）-α高水平组较TNF-α低水平组患者肺部厚壁菌门丰度明显增加,拟杆菌门丰度明显降低（P<0.05）;属水平层面,IL-6高水平组较IL-6低水平组、TNF-α高水平组较TNF-α低水平组患者肺部链球菌属丰度明显增加,且TNF-α高水平组较低水平组患者肺部劳特罗普菌属丰度增加（P<0.05）。结论 COPD患者肺部厚壁菌门、链球菌属、劳特罗普菌属丰度的增加以及拟杆菌门丰度的下降与全身炎症反应有着较强相关性。     

不同方法治疗老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者的疗效及与血清TNF-α、IL-水平的关系

目的探讨针对老年COPD患者有效的治疗方法及血清细胞因子水平与患者严重程度的关系。方法采用病例对照方法,将确诊的老年COPD患者随机分为两组,即常规治疗组(40例)和干预组(40例),分别给予常规治疗以及常规治疗基础上的免疫调节治疗,检测两组患者治疗后的疗效、肺功能及血清细胞因子水平的变化情况。结果干预组治疗后总有效率、肺功能各指标均明显高于常规治疗组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),干预组血清细胞因子水平较常规治疗组明显降低,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论老年COPD患者在常规治疗的基础上,给予免疫调节治疗能够有效提高治疗效果,且血清细胞因子水平能够很好地反映COPD患者的严重程度。     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者气道炎症对能量代谢和营养状态的影响

气道炎症是慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)的主要病变特征。随着疾病的进展,患者可出现体重进行性下降,营养不良,机体免疫力下降,导致呼吸肌功能受损,加剧肺功能下降和呼吸困难的恶化。2001～2002年,我们测定了58例稳定期COPD患者的静息     

多索茶碱对慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者血清细胞因子的影响

目的探讨多索茶碱对慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）患者血清IL-8、TNF—α、IL-10水平的影响,评价多索茶碱对COPD患者的疗效。方法AECOPD患者随机分为两组,治疗组采用多索茶碱治疗,对照组采用氨茶碱治疗,治疗前后观察血清细胞因子（IL-8、TNF—α、IL-10）、肺功能、血气分析的变化。结果两组治疗后均能改善患者肺功能及血气分析指标,改善血清IL-8、TNF-α、IL-10的表达,且治疗组优于对照组。结论多索茶碱能明显改善COPD患者肺功能及血气分析指标,对COPD患者有良好的疗效,值得临床广泛应用。     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病血浆IL-16、TNF-α和FIB的表达

目的探讨COPD患者急性加重治疗前后IL-16、TNF-α和FIB在血浆水平的表达。方法收集2012年10月-2013年12月确诊为COPD(共96例)急性加重的患者,同时选取20例健康体检者为正常对照组。将受试者分两组,正常对照组(20例)和COPD(96例),并按肺功能分级将COPD组分为4组(Ι级20例,Ⅱ级26例,Ⅲ级23例,Ⅳ级27例,共96例),采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELASA)检测血清中IL-16、TNF-α和FIB的表达。结果 COPD患者血浆IL-16、TNF-α和FIB水平显著高于健康对照组,P均0.01。COPDⅠ级、Ⅱ级、Ⅲ级、Ⅳ级两两比较,IL-16、TNF-α和FIB表达水平随气道受限严重程度增高而显著升高,差异均有统计学意义(P均0.05)。血浆IL-16、TNF-α和FIB在COPD患者中呈直线正相关,相关系数分别为0.733、0.651和0.576,差异均具有统计学意义(P均0.05)。COPD急性加重患者血浆中IL-16、TNF-α、FIB水平在治疗后显著降低,但仍显著高于正常对照组(P均0.01)。结论血浆IL-16、TNF-α、FIB在COPD中表达水平增高,并与肺功能下降程度呈正相关。     

肌抑制素与慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者的营养不良

目的 调查慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)稳定期患者的营养状况,通过检测外周血清中肌抑制素的水平,探讨肌抑制素与COPD患者营养不良的关系.方法 选71例COPD稳定期患者和60例老年健康对照者,参照营养不良多参数评分(MNI)对所有受试者的营养状况进行总体评价;采用酶联免疫吸附法检测受试者血清中肌抑制素、TNFα、C反应蛋白(CRP)水平.结果 COPD患者MNI显著升高,其中MNI≥5分者55例(77%),MNI＜5分者16例.MNI≥5分者血清中肌抑制素水平为(12.18±4.76)μg/L,较MNI＜5分者[(9.73±2.85)μg/L]和健康对照者[(7.93±2.35)μg/L]显著升高(P＜0.001).COPD患者TNFα显著升高,与健康对照者比差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).COPD患者血清肌抑制素水平与MNI、TNFα水平呈正相关(r=0.438,P=0.000;r=0.234,P=0.041).结论 COPD患者普遍存在较严重的营养不良,血清肌抑制素水平明显升高,营养不良与血清肌抑制素升高密切相关.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the prevalence and severity of malnutrition in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) , analyze serum levels of myostatin, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) and C reactive protein (CRP) , and investigate the relationship between serum myostatin and malnutrition in COPD. Methods Seventy-one patients with stable COPD and 60 age-matched healthy volunteers were recruited in this study. Pulmonary function was tested in all of the subjects and the severity of malnutrition was evaluated by a multiple-parameter malnutritional index (MNI). Based on the MNI scores, patients with COPD were divided into group Ⅰ (MNI≥5 score) and group Ⅱ (MNI ＜ 5 score) , the former represents the patients with severe or very severe malnutrition while the latter represents the patients with mild or without malnutrition. Serum concentration of myostatin, TNFα and CRP were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results The MNI score was significantly elevated in patients with COPD [(7. 75 ±3. 86)score] compared with the controls [(1. 13 ±0. 96)score; P＜0.001],and 55 patients (77%) in COPD group Ⅰ showed MNI ≥ 5 (9. 30 ± 3. 01) score. Serum myostatin concentration was significantly elevated in COPD group Ⅰ [(12. 18 ±4. 76)μg/L] than in COPD group Ⅱ [(9. 73 ±2.85) μgL] and controls [(7.93 ±2.35) μg/L], with each P ＜ 0.001. Serum TNFα concentration was also significantly elevated in patients with COPD compared with the controls (P ＜ 0. 001).Pearson correlation analysis showed that serum myostatin levels were significantly correlated with MNI scores (r = 0. 438, P - 0. 000) and TNFa levels (r = 0. 234, P = 0. 041) in COPD group (combined group I and Ⅱ) while MNI scores were correlated inversely with BMI in COPD group (r = - 0. 530, P = 0. 000) . After stratified with subgroups, the correlation between myostatin levels and MNI scores was more significant and the correlation coefficient was higher (r =0.464, P =0.000) in COPD group I patients. Moreover,myostatin levels were inversely correlated with BMI (r = - 0. 287, P = 0. 034) and forced expiratory volume in one second of the predicted value (r = - 0. 264, P = 0. 049) in COPD group I patients. Conclusions Malnutrition commonly and substantially exists in patients with COPD; serum myostatin concentration is significantly elevated and is correlated with the severity of malnutrition in the patients. The elevation of serum myostatin may contribute to malnutrition in COPD patients.     

肌抑制素与慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者的营养不良

Objective To investigate the prevalence and severity of malnutrition in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) , analyze serum levels of myostatin, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) and C reactive protein (CRP) , and investigate the relationship between serum myostatin and malnutrition in COPD. Methods Seventy-one patients with stable COPD and 60 age-matched healthy volunteers were recruited in this study. Pulmonary function was tested in all of the subjects and the severity of malnutrition was evaluated by a multiple-parameter malnutritional index (MNI). Based on the MNI scores, patients with COPD were divided into group Ⅰ (MNI≥5 score) and group Ⅱ (MNI ＜ 5 score) , the former represents the patients with severe or very severe malnutrition while the latter represents the patients with mild or without malnutrition. Serum concentration of myostatin, TNFα and CRP were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results The MNI score was significantly elevated in patients with COPD [(7. 75 ±3. 86)score] compared with the controls [(1. 13 ±0. 96)score; P＜0.001],and 55 patients (77%) in COPD group Ⅰ showed MNI ≥ 5 (9. 30 ± 3. 01) score. Serum myostatin concentration was significantly elevated in COPD group Ⅰ [(12. 18 ±4. 76)μg/L] than in COPD group Ⅱ [(9. 73 ±2.85) μgL] and controls [(7.93 ±2.35) μg/L], with each P ＜ 0.001. Serum TNFα concentration was also significantly elevated in patients with COPD compared with the controls (P ＜ 0. 001).Pearson correlation analysis showed that serum myostatin levels were significantly correlated with MNI scores (r = 0. 438, P - 0. 000) and TNFa levels (r = 0. 234, P = 0. 041) in COPD group (combined group I and Ⅱ) while MNI scores were correlated inversely with BMI in COPD group (r = - 0. 530, P = 0. 000) . After stratified with subgroups, the correlation between myostatin levels and MNI scores was more significant and the correlation coefficient was higher (r =0.464, P =0.000) in COPD group I patients. Moreover,myostatin levels were inversely correlated with BMI (r = - 0. 287, P = 0. 034) and forced expiratory volume in one second of the predicted value (r = - 0. 264, P = 0. 049) in COPD group I patients. Conclusions Malnutrition commonly and substantially exists in patients with COPD; serum myostatin concentration is significantly elevated and is correlated with the severity of malnutrition in the patients. The elevation of serum myostatin may contribute to malnutrition in COPD patients.     

肌抑制素与慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者的营养不良

Objective To investigate the prevalence and severity of malnutrition in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) , analyze serum levels of myostatin, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) and C reactive protein (CRP) , and investigate the relationship between serum myostatin and malnutrition in COPD. Methods Seventy-one patients with stable COPD and 60 age-matched healthy volunteers were recruited in this study. Pulmonary function was tested in all of the subjects and the severity of malnutrition was evaluated by a multiple-parameter malnutritional index (MNI). Based on the MNI scores, patients with COPD were divided into group Ⅰ (MNI≥5 score) and group Ⅱ (MNI ＜ 5 score) , the former represents the patients with severe or very severe malnutrition while the latter represents the patients with mild or without malnutrition. Serum concentration of myostatin, TNFα and CRP were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results The MNI score was significantly elevated in patients with COPD [(7. 75 ±3. 86)score] compared with the controls [(1. 13 ±0. 96)score; P＜0.001],and 55 patients (77%) in COPD group Ⅰ showed MNI ≥ 5 (9. 30 ± 3. 01) score. Serum myostatin concentration was significantly elevated in COPD group Ⅰ [(12. 18 ±4. 76)μg/L] than in COPD group Ⅱ [(9. 73 ±2.85) μgL] and controls [(7.93 ±2.35) μg/L], with each P ＜ 0.001. Serum TNFα concentration was also significantly elevated in patients with COPD compared with the controls (P ＜ 0. 001).Pearson correlation analysis showed that serum myostatin levels were significantly correlated with MNI scores (r = 0. 438, P - 0. 000) and TNFa levels (r = 0. 234, P = 0. 041) in COPD group (combined group I and Ⅱ) while MNI scores were correlated inversely with BMI in COPD group (r = - 0. 530, P = 0. 000) . After stratified with subgroups, the correlation between myostatin levels and MNI scores was more significant and the correlation coefficient was higher (r =0.464, P =0.000) in COPD group I patients. Moreover,myostatin levels were inversely correlated with BMI (r = - 0. 287, P = 0. 034) and forced expiratory volume in one second of the predicted value (r = - 0. 264, P = 0. 049) in COPD group I patients. Conclusions Malnutrition commonly and substantially exists in patients with COPD; serum myostatin concentration is significantly elevated and is correlated with the severity of malnutrition in the patients. The elevation of serum myostatin may contribute to malnutrition in COPD patients.     

肌抑制素与慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者的营养不良

Objective To investigate the prevalence and severity of malnutrition in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) , analyze serum levels of myostatin, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) and C reactive protein (CRP) , and investigate the relationship between serum myostatin and malnutrition in COPD. Methods Seventy-one patients with stable COPD and 60 age-matched healthy volunteers were recruited in this study. Pulmonary function was tested in all of the subjects and the severity of malnutrition was evaluated by a multiple-parameter malnutritional index (MNI). Based on the MNI scores, patients with COPD were divided into group Ⅰ (MNI≥5 score) and group Ⅱ (MNI ＜ 5 score) , the former represents the patients with severe or very severe malnutrition while the latter represents the patients with mild or without malnutrition. Serum concentration of myostatin, TNFα and CRP were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results The MNI score was significantly elevated in patients with COPD [(7. 75 ±3. 86)score] compared with the controls [(1. 13 ±0. 96)score; P＜0.001],and 55 patients (77%) in COPD group Ⅰ showed MNI ≥ 5 (9. 30 ± 3. 01) score. Serum myostatin concentration was significantly elevated in COPD group Ⅰ [(12. 18 ±4. 76)μg/L] than in COPD group Ⅱ [(9. 73 ±2.85) μgL] and controls [(7.93 ±2.35) μg/L], with each P ＜ 0.001. Serum TNFα concentration was also significantly elevated in patients with COPD compared with the controls (P ＜ 0. 001).Pearson correlation analysis showed that serum myostatin levels were significantly correlated with MNI scores (r = 0. 438, P - 0. 000) and TNFa levels (r = 0. 234, P = 0. 041) in COPD group (combined group I and Ⅱ) while MNI scores were correlated inversely with BMI in COPD group (r = - 0. 530, P = 0. 000) . After stratified with subgroups, the correlation between myostatin levels and MNI scores was more significant and the correlation coefficient was higher (r =0.464, P =0.000) in COPD group I patients. Moreover,myostatin levels were inversely correlated with BMI (r = - 0. 287, P = 0. 034) and forced expiratory volume in one second of the predicted value (r = - 0. 264, P = 0. 049) in COPD group I patients. Conclusions Malnutrition commonly and substantially exists in patients with COPD; serum myostatin concentration is significantly elevated and is correlated with the severity of malnutrition in the patients. The elevation of serum myostatin may contribute to malnutrition in COPD patients.     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者血清IL-18、TNF-α、IL-8的水平变化与肺功能的相关性分析

目的 探讨慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者血清白介素18(IL-18)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)和白介素8(IL-8)的水平变化与肺功能的相关性,及其在COPD发病机制中的作用及意义.方法 采用双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA),对36例COPD急性加重期患者治疗前、后血清中IL-18、TNF-α和IL-8进行检测,与12名正常健康人作比较.结果 COPD组治疗前和治疗后血清IL-18、TNF-α和IL-8水平均高于对照组(P＜0.05);COPD组治疗前和治疗后血清IL-18、TNF-α和IL-8水平差异有统计学意义;COPD组治疗前血清IL-18、TNF-α和IL-8水平与同期肺功能呈负相关.结论 过多的IL-18、TNF-α和IL-8可能参与了COPD发病机制,细胞因子浓度的增高可能与肺功能损害程度有关.     

氨溴索对老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者开胸术后肺部并发症的预防作用

目的 评估氨溴索对老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者开胸术后肺部并发症的预防作用.方法 纳入COPD开胸手术后患者(≥70岁)161例,分为两组,氨溴索组在围手术期间静脉应用氨溴索300 mg/d,连用6 d;对照组应用安慰剂.依据临床症状、影像学改变及血气分析诊断肺部并发症.结果 肺不张的发生率氨溴索组8.6％,安慰剂组达28.8％,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),与术前相比,氨溴索组术后血氧分压( PaO2)下降较安慰剂组明显(P＜0.05).所有患者未出现药物不良反应.结论 氨溴索可作为老年COPD患者预防开胸术后肺部并发症的药物.     

老年慢性阻塞性肺病患者窦性心率震荡及心率变异性的研究

目的 探讨慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)患者窦性心率震荡(HRT)及心率变异性(HRV)变化及临床意义.方法 临床诊断为COPD老年患者59例,选择同期健康老年人30例为对照组.24 h动态心电图检测各组HRT参数:震荡初始(TO)和震荡斜率(TS)及HRV各项指标,肺功能检测,同时超声心动图测量左心室射血分数(LVEF)、右心房内径(RAD)、右心室内径(RVD)、右心室壁厚度(RVWT)等指标;组间比较且对HRT与HRV指标进行相关性分析.结果 与对照组比较,COPD患者TO值显著增高[(-0.2±1.1)%与(-3.8±2.8)%,t=6.830,P＜0.01],TS值显著下降[(7.0±3.6)与(11.7±6.1)ms/RR,t=3.866,P＜0.01];HRV指标正常R-R间期的标准差(SDNN)、正常R-R间期的标准差的平均值(SDNNI)、SDNNI的标准差(SDANN)、相邻R-R间期之差的均方根值(rMSSD)和正常R-R间期标准差≥50 ms的百分数(PNN50)增加,且随肺动脉压力的增高而恶化.TO与SDANN,rMSDD呈负相关(r=-0.369,P＜0.05;r=-0.472,P＜0.01),TS和SDNN,SDANN,PNN50呈正相关(P＜0.05),与rMSDD无相关性(P＞0.05).结论 COPD患者HRT现象减弱,HRT和HRV变化随患者肺动脉压力的增加而恶化,联合检测对评价COPD患者自主神经功能状态及预后有较高临床价值.

Abstract：

Objective To explore the clinical significance of sinus heart rate turbulence (HRT)and heart rate variability (HRV) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Methods The 59 moderate to severe COPD patients and 30 healthy subjects were enrolled in this study. The 24-hour holter monitor was used to screen the HRT onset (TO), turbulence slope (TS)and HRV. Pulmonary function tests and echocardiographic examination were performed for measuring left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), right atrial dimension (RAD), right ventricular dimension (RVD), right ventricular wall thickness (RVWT). Then all the parameters were compared between NC group and COPD group, and the relationship between HRT and HRV was investigated. Results Compared with control group, TO was significantly increased [(-0.2±1.1) % vs.(-3.8±2.8) %, t=6. 830,P＜0.01] and TS was decreased [(7.0±3.6) ms/RR vs. (11.7±6.1) ms/RR, t =3. 866, P＜0.01] in COPD group. In time domain HRV parameters, normal RR intervallerinin standart deviation(SDNN), standard deviation of normal-to-normal beats index (SDNNi), standard deviation of the averages of normal sinus to normal sinus (SDANN), mean squared differences of the successive RR intervals (rMSDD), fraction of consecutive normal sinus intervals that differ by more than 50 ms (PNN50) were significantly lower in COPD group than in control group(P＜0. 05). TO was negatively correlated with SDANN and rMSDD (r=-0. 369, P＜0. 05; r=-0.472, P＜0.01).TS was positively correlated with SDNN, SDANN and PNN50 (all P＜0.05), but had no correlation with rMSDD (P＞0. 05). Conclusions HRT and HRV are dramatically blunted in COPD patients.Combination of HRV and prognosis. and HRT may be simple and elegant ways for evaluating cardiac autonomic functions.     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病评估测试中文版临床应用意义的评价

目的 研究COPD评估测试(CAT)中文版用于评估我国COPD患者生命质量的信度和效度,观察其用于评估生命质量的作用和价值.方法 选择北京协和医院COPD稳定期患者,应用CAT中文版评估患者的生命质量,同时测定肺功能,对结果进行相关性分析,评价CAT内部一致性的信度和效度.根据CAT评分对患者进行分级,并与根据肺功能的分级进行比较,观察其对病情严重程度的评估价值.结果 135例COPD患者中,男105例,女30例,年龄45～84岁,平均(65±10)岁.CAT评分随患者病情加重而逐渐增加,CAT量表的总克龙巴赫α系数为0.805,CAT总分与FEV1占预计值%呈显著负相关(r值为-0.567,P＜0.01).病情严重程度不同的4组COPD患者,其CAT总分分别为(10±5)分、(16±6)分、(21±7)分和(23±6)分,组间比较的差异有统计学意义(x2值为48.437,P＜0.01).根据CAT分级和根据肺功能COPD严重程度分级比较,两者具有高度一致性.结论 CAT中文版用于我国COPD患者,具有良好的内部一致性信度和效度,可用于患者生命质量的评估,是一种简易、可靠、有效的标准化测量方法.

Abstract：

Objective To determine the reliability and validity of the COPD assessment test (CAT)Chinese version in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD ), and to study its value in evaluating quality of life in Chinese patients.Methods One hundred and thirty-five patients with COPD in stable condition from Peking Union Medical College Hospital were assessed by interview with CAT Chinese version,and underwent pulmonary function test on the same day.The validity was documented by performing correlation analysis, and Pearson' s correlation coefficients were calculated.The stages of COPD determined by CAT score and lung function were compared to observe the value of CAT in determining disease severity.Results Cronbach' s alpha of CAT Chinese version was 0.805.CAT score increased with the severity of the disease, and was negatively correlated to FEV1 % of predicted ( r = - 0.567, P ＜ 0.01 ).CAT score varied significantly in patients ( 10 ± 5, 16 ± 6, 21 ± 7 and 23 ± 6 ), with different severity of COPD ( x2 =48.437, P ＜0.01 ).There was a high degree of consistency between the stages of COPD determined by CAT score and lung function.Conclusions The Chinese version of the CAT had good internal consistency reliability and validity, and can be used to assess the quality of life for Chinese COPD patients.It provided a simple, valid and standardized measurement of COPD health status.     

稳定期慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者的气道阻力与运动相关呼吸困难肺功能参数的关系

目的观察稳定期慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者的各项气道阻力(Raw)参数与运动相关呼吸困难肺功能参数的相关关系。方法前瞻性纳入上海交通大学附属胸科医院和第一人民医院门诊稳定期COPD患者180例,根据慢性阻塞性肺疾病全球倡议(GOLD 2017版)制订的肺功能诊断标准分为Ⅰ-Ⅳ级4组,受试前8 h内均未应用支气管舒张剂。所有患者在吸入沙丁胺醇400μg后接受常规肺功能和气道阻力测试。同期选择42例成年健康体检者作为对照组。结果Ⅱ级以上COPD患者的第1秒用力呼气容积和呼出50%肺活量时流量均显著低于健康成年人和Ⅰ级COPD患者,总气道阻力、有效气道阻力、吸气阻力和呼气阻力则呈进行性增高。Ⅲ-Ⅳ级COPD患者的深吸气量占预计值百分比(IC%pred)<80%,同时改良英国医学研究委员会呼吸困难量表评分超过2分;7例Ⅲ级(13.2%)和14例Ⅳ级COPD患者(33.3%)的吸气分数(IC/TLC)≤25%,而仅有1例Ⅱ级COPD患者的IC/TLC≤25%(1.9%)。结论稳定期中重度COPD患者呼出气流受限趋于加重,Raw各项参数中呼气阻力增高尤为显著。Ⅲ-Ⅳ级COPD患者更易出现运动相关呼吸困难症状,且IC/TLC≤25%。     

抑郁对老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者生存影响的五年随访研究

目的 探讨抑郁对老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者5年生存率的影响.方法 401例符合诊断标准的老年COPD患者纳入研究,进行综合医院抑郁量表(HAD-D)评分,按照是否合并抑郁分为抑郁组和非抑郁组.以患者死亡或者完成5年随访为研究终点,比较两组患者5年生存率.结果 Kaplan-Meier分析结果表明,抑郁组患者5年生存率低于非抑郁组(log-rank法,χ~2=6.94,P<0.01);COX比例风险分析表明,抑郁独立于其他因素,与COPD患者死亡相关(HR:1.84,95%CI:1.08～3.11).结论 合并抑郁的老年COPD患者5年生存率降低,抑郁是老年COPD患者5年生存的独立影响因素.