Human lung organ-specific antigens on normal lung, lung tumors, and a lung tumor cell line.

An antiserum raised in rabbits against a lung tumor cell line (2563) was selected from a library of antisera against normal and malignant human lung, lung tumor cell lines, and fetal tissues and was found by complement fixation, immunofluorescence, and saturation binding assays to contain antibodies for antigens characteristic of those found in normal lung. Studies with the adsorbed antiserum (A49) revealed: 1) An antigen was shared by normal lung and normal kidney (NLK-1) 2) lung tissue-specific antigen(s) were present on normal lung tissue (NL-1); 3) NL-1 was found on both external and internal cell membranes; and 4) NL-1, in addition to being present on normal lung and the adenocarcinoma-derived cell line 2563, was present on 1 of 2 metastatic lung adenocarcinomas but on none of 4 metastatic lung tumors of other histologic types.     

Notch in lung development and lung cancer

Although data regarding the role of the Notch pathway in human lung cancer are still limited, fetal lung developmental studies suggest that Notch signaling plays a critical role in regulating airway epithelial development. The moderate hypotrophic phenotype of lungs from animals bearing a Hes1 mutation, and the expression of Notch components in the distal lung bud during branching morphogenesis, together suggest that Notch may play a role in normal lung growth, especially in Clara cell precursors. Non-small cell lung cancers, including adenocarcinoma, appear to actively utilize this conserved developmental pathway. Pharmacologic inhibition of the Notch pathway is a potential experimental approach to lung cancer treatment.     

肺癌放疗所致放射性肺损伤的相关因素分析

目的:分析肺癌三维适形放疗中与放射性肺损伤相关的各种因素,并探讨预测价值。方法:对70例接受三维适形放疗的非小细胞肺癌患者根据是否发生放射性肺损伤进行回顾性对照研究,将放射性肺损伤相关临床因素大致分为患者一般情况与系统病变、肿瘤自身因素、放疗除外其他治疗和放疗相关因素4类,并进行单因素和多因素分析。结果:单因素分析显示:仅大体肿瘤体积(P=0.009)和部分剂量体积参数如患者平均肺受量(P=0.017)、患肺V20(P=0.036)和全肺平均肺受量(P=0.034)对放射性肺损伤有显著影响,而其他因素影响不显著。多因素分析显示:剂量体积参数中仅平均肺受量(P=0.019)为放射性肺损伤独立相关因素。结论:参考剂量体积参数和大体肿瘤体积有助于预测放射性肺损伤的发生。     

自体肺叶再植治疗上叶中心型肺癌

背景与目的 肺癌患者行根治性全肺切除术后生活质量往往较差,最大限度地保留健康肺组织具有临床价值.本文报道3例自体肺再植在上叶中心型肺癌治疗中的应用和经验总结.方法 本组共3例患者,肿瘤侵犯支气管或转移性淋巴结融合包绕、累及主肺动脉,肿瘤跨越斜裂侵及下叶边缘,先做完全性全肺切除术,体外低钾右旋糖酐液(low-potassium dextran,LPD)顺、逆行灌注后从离体标本中摘取可保留的下肺叶;下肺静脉再植于上肺静脉残端,按肺静脉、支气管、肺动脉顺序依次吻合.结果 手术总时间220min-250min,下叶肺离体时间120min-150 min;术后3 d-5 d拔除胸管,胸部X线示再植肺膨胀良好;术后随访4个月-8个月,完成3个或4个周期辅助化疗,患者生活质量良好.结论 自体肺叶再植是一种可行的、可供选择的肺癌完全切除术式,是最大限度地切除病变和保留健康肺组织的理想术式.     

Interstitial lung disease in patients with small cell lung cancer

Interstitial lung disease (ILD) and lung cancer are two of the most common respiratory diseases. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the prognostic significance of the presence of ILD in patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC). All the patients with SCLC who were admitted to our hospitals over a 23-year period up to 2008 were retrospectively analyzed. During the study period, 332 SCLC patients were consecutively admitted to our hospitals. Among them, 15 (4.5%) were diagnosed as having both SCLC and ILD. In univariate and multivariate analysis, female sex, early stage, good performance status, and chemotherapy were favorable prognostic factors. The presence of ILD was confirmed as an unfavorable prognostic factor. Existing ILD adversely affects the outcome of SCLC. When deciding whether to offer a standard therapy that may increase treatment-related mortality, the patient’s medical condition, including ILD, should be taken into consideration.     

经支气管镜肺活检对周围型肺癌的诊断价值

Objective  

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of transbronchial lung biopsy (TBLB) in peripheral lung cancer.     

Amylase-producing lung cancer

A bronchioloalveolar carcinoma of lung associated with hyperamylasemia occurring in a 40-year-old woman is described. Another 13 cases of such a tumor from the English literature are reviewed. A majority of the lung tumors associated with hyperamylasemia were adenocarcinomas. When the amylase isoenzymes were determined, the amylase appeared to be salivary-gland type (S-type). Electron microscopic studies had revealed membrane-bound electron-dense granules within the tumor cells.     

Apical lung carcinoma

During the period 1955 to 1975, 63 consecutive cases of apical lung carcinoma were treated in the Radiation Therapy Division of the University of Michigan Medical Center (UMMC). Supervoltage external radiation alone or combination of radiation and surgery were the main modalities of treatment used in these patients. Our results show 27.9% and 20.9% 3 and 5 years actuarial survival, respectively, in patients who received 5000 to 6000 cGy (rad) of radiation alone. Survival was better in T2 lesions (24.9%) as compared with T3 lesions (7.9%) and in those patients who had no regional adenopathy (30.2% in T2, N0 lesions and 11.6% in T3, N0 lesions). Local osseous and nervous extensions also carried poor prognosis. The results with preoperative irradiation were no better than radiation therapy alone.     

Radiation-induced lung injury

Radiation therapy (RT) for thoracic-region tumors often causes lung injury. The incidence of lung toxicity depends on the method of assessment (eg, radiographs, patient's symptoms, or functional endpoints such as pulmonary function tests). Three-dimensional (3D) treatment planning tools provide dosimetric predictors for the risk of symptomatic RT-induced lung injury and allow for beams to be selected to minimize these risks. A variety of cytokines have been implicated as indicators/mediators of lung injury. Recent work suggests that injury-associated tissue hypoxia perpetuates further injury. Sophisticated planning/delivery methods, such as intensity modulation, plus radioprotectors such as amifostine, hold promise to reduce the incidence of RT-induced lung injury.     

Non-small-cell lung cancer

Molecular targeted therapy in combination with chemotherapy or thoracic radiotherapy has been studied in clinical trials. Gefitinib or erlotinib in combination with standard chemotherapy did not improve efficacy on survival over standard chemotherapy alone in chemotherapy-naive patients with advanced NSCLC. On the other hand, bevacizumab in combination with standard chemotherapy improved survival in chemotherapy-naive patients with advanced NSCLC, excluding squamous cell carcinoma. Multi-target tyrosine kinase inhibitors in combination with standard chemotherapy, and anti-EGFR antibodies and EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors in combination with thoracic radiotherapy, are under clinical trials.     

肺癌耐药相关基因在肺癌组织和肺癌细胞株中的表达

背景与目的：我们已经通过抑制消减杂交技术发现了一条新的长494bp的肺癌耐药相关基因片段,并克隆了它的全长cDNA序列。本研究旨在研究该肺癌耐药相关基因（lung cancer drug resistance-related gene,LCDRG）在肺癌组织、癌旁组织及5种肺癌细胞株中的表达。方法：应用半定量RT－PCR检测38例肺癌组织、12例癌旁组织和5种肺癌细胞株中该基因的表达。结果：肺癌组织中LCDRG mRNA的表达明显高于癌旁组织（P＜0．001）,但在肺腺癌和鳞癌之间差异无统计学意义。该基因在肺腺癌细胞株SPC－A－1和A549、大细胞肺癌细胞株H460、小细胞肺癌细胞株H446和SH77中的表达依次递减。结论：LCDRG是一条肺癌相关基因,该基因可能与肺癌的发生、发展密切相关。     

胸腔镜下肺癌根治术对患者血清肿瘤标志物和肺功能的影响

目的探讨胸腔镜下肺癌根治术对肺癌患者手术前后血清肿瘤标志物及肺功能的影响。方法选取2018年1月至2018年12月间宝鸡市中心医院收治的75例行肺癌根治术的患者,按照手术方式不同分为观察组(40例)和对照组(35例)。观察组患者采用胸腔镜手术,对照组患者采用常规开胸手术,比较两组患者手术前后血清癌胚抗原(CEA)、糖类抗原125(CA125)、细胞角蛋白19片段(CY211)、表皮生长因子(EGF)及肺功能变化情况。结果术后,两组患者血清CEA、CA125、CY211和EGF水平均较术前改善(均P <0. 05);两组患者CEA、CA125和CY211水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P> 0. 05),EGF水平比较,差异有统计学意义(P <0. 05)。术后,两组患者血清CEA、CA125、CY211和EGF阳性率均较手术前降低,差异均有统计学意义(均P <0. 05);两组患者CEA、CA125和CY211阳性率比较,差异无统计学意义(P> 0. 05); EGF阳性率比较,差异有统计学意义(P <0. 05)。术后,两组患者FVC、FEV1和FEV1/FVC水平均高于术前,且观察组患者优于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P <0. 05)。结论胸腔镜下肺癌根治术能有效改善患者血清CEA、CA125、CY211、EGF及肺功能,保证临床治疗效果,值得推广。