平阳霉素联合地塞米松灌注治疗婴幼儿颌面部血管瘤的疗效评价

目的总结分析平阳霉素联合地塞米松灌注治疗婴幼儿颌面部血管瘤的疗效。方法采用平阳霉素联合地塞米松灌注治疗27例婴幼儿颌面部血管瘤并观察其疗效。结果治愈22例（81．5％）,显效5例（18．5％）,有效率达100％。随访1-2年后未见复发。结论平阳霉素联合地塞米松灌注治疗婴幼儿颌面部血管瘤具有疗效好、副作用小的优点,是安全、简便、有效的治疗方法。     

90锶、90镱敷贴治疗颌面部血管瘤及脉管畸形疗效观察

目的　观察应用90 锶、90 镱敷贴器治疗婴幼儿颌面部血管瘤、脉管畸形的疗效。方法　采用多次小剂量90 锶、90 镱对 96例患儿颌面部血管瘤、脉管畸形进行敷贴治疗。结果　总有效率为 98.96 %。结论　90 锶、90 镱敷贴治疗婴幼儿颌面部血管瘤、脉管畸形操作简单、并发症少 ,疗效满意     

普萘洛尔治疗婴幼儿口腔颌面部毛细血管瘤的临床观察

目的探讨普萘洛尔治疗婴幼儿毛细血管瘤的临床效果和安全性。方法对2009年10月至2012年3月我院收治的21例婴幼儿口腔颌面部毛细血管瘤患者,给予口服普萘洛尔片,1.5 mg/kg,1次/d,定期复诊,并记录血管瘤大小、质地、颜色变化。结果 21例颌面部血管瘤范围缩小,颜色变浅,但不能完全消失。患儿均无明显不良反应。结论普萘洛尔治疗婴幼儿毛细血管瘤安全、有效,无不良反应,可作为治疗婴幼儿血管瘤的新方法。     

口服与瘤腔内注射类固醇激素治疗婴幼儿颌面部血管瘤的对比观察

１９６７年Ｚｅｒｅｍ与Ｅｄｇｅｒｔｏｎ首次应用口服强的松治疗婴幼儿血管瘤７例,治疗后病变退化,取得了十分出色的疗效。１９６８年Ｆａｓｔ和Ｅｓｔｅｒｌｙ报告了６例也获得了成功。１９８９年,Ｓｌｏａｎ等报导了瘤腔内注射皮质类固醇治疗婴幼儿头颈部血管瘤３０例,同样取得了较好的疗效。近年来,我们应用口服强的松和瘤腔内注射强的松龙治疗婴幼儿颌面部血管瘤１４６例,对两种不同方法的疗程、疗效和副作用的发生进行对比观察,现报导如下：材料和方法同期应诊婴幼儿颌面部血管瘤１４６人（１８５个血管瘤）,其中男５４例;女…     

婴幼儿血管瘤的影像学诊断

血管瘤是婴幼儿软组织肿瘤中最常见的良性肿瘤,口腔颌面部是其高发部位。目前该病的影像学检查手段主要包括超声、X线平片、CT、MRI和X线血管造影。本文对这几种影像学检查方法在血管瘤诊断中的应用现状进行了回顾。     

平阳霉素注射液治疗颌面部血管瘤

血管瘤一般为先天性血管畸形 ,多发于婴幼儿出生时或出生后不久。口腔颌面部血管瘤的发病率约占全身血管瘤的6 0 % [1 ]。它起源于残余胚胎成血管细胞 ,婴幼儿期生长快 ,位于口腔颌面部 ,影响功能及容貌 ,诊断虽不困难 ,而治愈却不容易。因肿瘤较大时一次切不干净易复发 ,另外在颜面、口唇部位手术形成的瘢痕影响容貌。患者有时难以接受。近年国内外杂志报导 [2 ] 了关于平阳霉素治疗血管瘤、淋巴管瘤 ,我科近年也采用了这种方法得到好的疗效报导如下。1　材料与方法1.1　临床资料 :我们 1997年至 1999年用平阳霉素治疗血管瘤 5 5例 ,部位为…     

平阳霉素治疗口腔颌面部血管瘤临床疗效观察

目的:分析平阳霉素治疗口腔颌面部血管瘤的临床疗效。方法:收集我院2008年3月~2014年7月期间诊治的86例口腔颌面部血管瘤患者作为研究对象,根据其治疗方式将患者分为平阳霉素组(43例)与鱼肝油酸钠组(43例),鱼肝油酸钠组患者给予鱼肝油酸钠硬化治疗,平阳霉素组采用析平阳霉素治疗,观察患者的治疗效果和不良反应。结果:平阳霉素组患者的治疗效果明显优于鱼肝油酸钠组(P<0.05),且平阳霉素组不良反应发生率明显低于鱼肝油酸钠组(P<0.05)。结论:平阳霉素治疗口腔颌面部血管瘤具有良好的临床疗效。     

平阳霉素碘化油乳剂治疗颌面部海绵状血管瘤

目的 :研究平阳霉素与碘化油混合后的药物效价 ,以及平阳霉素碘化油乳剂治疗口腔颌面部海绵状血管瘤的临床效果。方法 :①采用AgNO3 滴定液滴定法测定碘含量 ,评估碘化油与平阳霉素混合后平阳霉素的效价。② 38例颌面部海绵状血管瘤患者 ,瘤腔内注射平阳霉素碘化油乳剂 ,观察疗效 ;并在注射后不同的时间内拍摄X线平片 ,观察碘化油在瘤腔内存留量。结果 :①平阳霉素与碘化油混合后碘含量不变。②全部病例经过 1～ 4次注射后治愈 ;X线片显示多数病例注射后 2～ 2 4h瘤体内碘化油逐渐减少至接近排空 ,少数病例在末次注射后 1个月的X线片上仍见碘油存留。结论 :平阳霉素与碘化油混合后药物效价不变 ;②碘化油对血管瘤体内的微小血管具有栓塞作用 ;③平阳霉素碘化油乳剂治疗海绵状血管瘤 ,可以延长平阳霉素作用时间 ,提高疗效     

平阳霉素治疗口腔颌面部血管瘤临床分析

目的 分析平阳霉素治疗口腔颌面部血管瘤的临床疗效。方法 采用国产平阳霉素对79例口腔颌面部发生血管瘤的患者行瘤腔内注射。结果 59例患者治愈(74.7%),14例患者基本治愈(17.7%),6例患者表现为好转(7.6%),有效率达100%。结论 平阳霉素治疗血管瘤具有安全、有效、创伤小等有点,值得临床上推广应用。     

口服糖皮质激素联合长脉宽1064nm Nd:YAG激光治疗婴幼儿颌面部溃疡型血管瘤3年临床观察

目的 :探讨口服糖皮质激素联合长脉宽1064 nm Nd:YAG激光治疗婴幼儿颌面部溃疡型血管瘤的有效性和安全性。方法:选取临床上诊断为颌面部溃疡型血管瘤的婴幼儿患者35例,对病灶清创处理愈合后,采用口服糖皮质激素(泼尼松,4~5 mg/kg·d)联合长脉宽1064 nm Nd:YAG激光(能量140~220 J/cm2,脉宽40~50 ms,3 mm直径光斑)治疗,治疗间隔时间4周,疗程2-4次。治疗后随访观察溃疡愈合情况、病灶生长情况、瘤体消退和软化速度、疼痛缓解时间,以及预后等。结果:35例患者均完成治疗并取得良好疗效。治疗结束时,有效率为85.71%(30/35);3年随访结束时,有效率为94.28%(33/35)。平均治疗时间3.2±1.6个月。早期清创换药后,溃疡的平均完全再上皮化时间为1.89±0.45周。所有患者在治疗1~2个月后显效,血管瘤病灶停止生长或开始消退,未发生出血、感染及溃疡加重等并发症。其中,20例(57.14%)色素沉着,4例色素脱失(11.43%),色素改变4~5个月后逐渐自然恢复。15例(42.85%)患者病灶愈合后出现瘢痕,与就诊时病灶表面溃疡情况、血管瘤部位和激光治疗后护理有关。所有患者3年随访中,瘤体逐步软化消退,13例(37.14%)患者病灶完全消退。9例患者需配合二期手术,以达到满意美观疗效。结论:口服糖皮质激素联合长脉宽1064 nm Nd:YAG激光对婴幼儿颌面部溃疡型血管瘤的治疗安全、快速、有效。对婴幼儿溃疡型血管瘤的早期干预十分重要。     

柠檬精油对牙周致病菌抑制作用及其安全性初步研究

目的:探讨柠檬精油对牙周致病菌的体外抗菌活性及对细胞增殖的影响。方法:采用微量液体稀释法测定柠檬精油对Pg、Fn、Aa、Pi的最小抑菌浓度(minimal inhibitory concentration,MIC)及最小杀菌浓度(minimum bactericidal concentration,MBC);以较低浓度的MIC为标准稀释LEO作为实验组,采用MTT法测定柠檬精油对HUVECs的毒性作用,明确抑菌浓度下LEO的安全性。结果:柠檬精油对牙周主要致病菌均有抑菌作用,Pg、Fn、Aa、Pi的MIC分别是9.0 g/L、4.5 g/L、4.5 g/L、9.0 g/L,Aa、Fn的 MBC是9.0 g/L,Pg、Pi的MBC未测得。1/2MIC、1/20MIC浓度的LEO能够抑制人脐静脉内皮细胞的生长,而低于1/200MIC浓度的LEO则对人脐静脉内皮细胞的生长没有影响,其中1/200MIC浓度的LEO作用明显优于0.02%的CHX。结论:体外环境中,柠檬精油对牙周致病菌Pg、Fn、Aa、Pi具有抗菌活性,低浓度应用对机体相对安全。     

Oral cancer: molecular technologies for risk assessment and diagnosis

Purpose: The effective biomarkers related to diagnosis, metastasis, drug resistance and irradiation sensitivity of oral cancers will help the pathologist and oncologist to determine the molecular taxonomy diagnosis and design the individualization treatment for the patients with oral cancers.     

Stimulated whole saliva components in children with Down syndrome

The authors report on the components of stimulated whole saliva from children with Down syndrome—including pH, flow rate, sialic acid and protein concentrations, and amylase and peroxidase activity. Saliva samples were collected from 35 children aged 6–10 years. Of the participants, 17 had Down syndrome and 18 did not. To stimulate saliva production, the children chewed a piece of parafilm for 10 minutes before the sample was collected. Soon after collecting the saliva sample, the authors measured pH using a portable pH-meter. Sialic acid levels were determined with a thiobarbituric acid assay. Protein content was determined with Folin's phenol reagent. Amylase was assayed and the authors measured the maltose produced by the breakdown of starch and peroxidase using ortho-dianisidine.
No statistically significant difference was observed in levels of sialic acid (free and total) between the two groups. Protein concentration was about 36% higher in the group with Down syndrome. However, the salivary flow rate, pH, and amylase and peroxidase activities were lower among the children with Down syndrome.     

Computer-assisted planning for maxillofacial prosthodontic rehabilitation

Computerized tomography (CT) planning and the use of CT derived surgical templates for implant placement have shown promise for restoring function within months after surgical reconstruction of acquired post-oncologic defects.     

牙髓再生的研究现状

目前,根管治疗术在临床上已得到了广泛的应用并成功的保存了患牙,但其仍有许多术后并发症。随着组织工程技术在口腔领域的应用,构建一种组织工程化牙髓进行牙髓-牙本质复合体的再生治疗成为可能。近年来国内外已有很多关于牙髓再生的研究,并且已经取得了一定成果。本文将对目前国内外牙髓再生的研究进展现状作一综述。     

Effect of Pingyangmycin on human venous malformation endothelial cells

Purpose: Venous malformations are common vascular anomalies with a propensity of the head and neck. Intralesional injection of Pingyangmycin (PYM, bleomycin A5 hydrochloride) is a widely used sclerotherapy method for the treatment of venous malformation.     

Oropharyngeal dysphagia in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis alters quality of life

Dysphagia is one of the most important complications encountered in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Our aim was to determine whether oropharyngeal dysphagia impacted the quality of life (QoL) of patients with ALS. Thirty consecutive patients were recruited (31–82 years, 18 men). Swallowing function was evaluated using a standardised videofluoroscopic barium swallow. All the patients completed a specific questionnaire on quality of life in dysphagia (SWAL‐QoL) immediately after the videofluoroscopy. The results of dysphagia outcome severity scale separated 14 patients with oropharyngeal dysphagia and 16 with normal swallowing function. There was no difference in the average age, weight and body mass index of the two groups (dysphagic patients: 68 ± 11 kg versus non‐dysphagic patients: 69 ± 14 kg). Most of the dysphagic patients had a bulbar affection based on their Norris scores which determine the importance of cranial nerves illness (20 ± 8), significantly lower than those of the non‐dysphagic patients (35 ± 5) (P < 0·0001). There was no difference in the neurological peripheral symptoms evaluated by Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Functional Rating Scale scores (dysphagic patients: 26 ± 7 versus non‐dysphagic patients: 27 ± 8) (ns). The swallowing quality of life questionnaire revealed that the dysphagic patients had significant burden (P < 0·001). They were affected by the necessity to applied a food selection (P < 0·01), by the increase in eating duration (P < 0·05) and described a decrease in eating desire (P < 0·05). They complained of fear regarding the risk of dysphagia (P < 0·05). They also described difficulties with oral communication (P < 0·001). All of those complained about dysphagia which impacted directly mental health (P < 0·05) and social life (P < 0·05). In conclusion, oropharyngeal dysphagia is a common symptom accompanying ALS, which alters the patient's QoL, especially social health.     

拔牙位点保存用复合温敏凝胶的构建及体外表征

目的:制备多壁碳纳米管/羟基磷灰石/壳聚糖复合温敏凝胶,探讨其作为拔牙位点保存材料的理化性能。方法:采用原位沉积方法制备多壁碳纳米管/羟基磷灰石(MWNT/ HA简称HAC)复合无机材料,将其分散至壳聚糖温敏凝胶中,制备壳聚糖/多壁碳纳米管/羟基磷灰石(CS /MWNT/HA简称CS/HAC)复合温敏凝胶,以成胶时间、孔径、孔隙率、机械强度及降解性能为指标优化配方设计,并表征复合温敏凝胶的微观形貌及理化性能。结果:以10 g/L的HAC作为补强成分加入到壳聚糖溶液中,能够在不影响成胶并保证一定孔隙率(84%)的前提下,提高材料的机械性能(抗压强度0.441 MPa),所获复合温敏凝胶具有适宜的临床操作时间(12 min),并具有可控的降解速率。结论:负载HAC的复合温敏凝胶具有良好的成型性,并具有较好的机械性能,在拔牙位点保存领域具有良好的应用前景。     

Interventional neuroradiologic procedures in the head and neck

Interventional radiology and interventional neuroradiology are evolving specialties which can aid the head and neck surgeons in the clinical management of patients with complex vascular lesions.