海马类药材的分子遗传标记鉴定研究

应用古DNA研究技术从5种海马药材中提取DNA,用PCR技术扩增约450bp的12SrRNA基因片段和约490 bp的细胞色素b基因片段。对扩增产物进行了限制性片段长度多态性(RFLP)分析和DNA序列分析。用RFLP分析方法可以鉴别2种海马,用DNA序列分析方法得到的分子遗传标记可以鉴别所有5种海马。对其它动物类药材的鉴定有一定参考价值。     

川贝母分子鉴别方法的应用及改进

目的 改进《中国药典》2015版中川贝母分子鉴别方法,为《中国药典》的应用和标准修订提高提供参考。方法 优化聚合酶链式反应(PCR)模板与引物的比率,提高退火温度至61 ℃;采用乙醇沉淀法纯化PCR反应液。结果 原方法PCR出现明显非特异性条带,酶切结果模糊。方法改进后,非特异性条带得到明显抑制,同时目的条带量没有明显影响,酶切结果清晰,效果良好。结论 该方法专属性强、重现性好,可以满足川贝母的鉴别。     

传统与改良式子宫切除术对子宫肌瘤患者卵巢功能的影响

目的探讨传统与改良式子宫切除术对子宫肌瘤患者卵巢功能的影响。方法选择2012年1月～2013年1月在本院接受治疗的100例子宫肌瘤患者为研究对象,应用随机数字表法分为实验组和对照组,各50例,实验组用改良式子宫切除术治疗,对照组用传统式子宫切除术,比较两组患者的临床疗效。结果两组的手术时间、术中出血量、肛门排气时间、住院时间比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;两组术后激素水平比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论改良式子宫切除术对子宫肌瘤患者卵巢功能影响较小,优于传统式子宫切除术。     

中药中非法添加色素的薄层色谱快速鉴别法研究

目的 建立薄层色谱法快速筛查中药中的29种非法添加色素.方法 根据溶解特性,将色素分为脂溶性色素和水溶性色素两大类.采用薄层色谱法,以石油醚(60~90℃)-丙酮-乙酸乙酯(100:3:4)为展开剂展开脂溶性色素,以乙酸乙酯-正丁醇-乙醇-氨水-水(1:3:3:1:1)为展开剂展开水溶性色素,在可见光下检视.结果 各色素分离效果较好,R f值均在理想范围内.结论 本法简便快速,可用于中药中多色素染色初步筛查.     

New opportunities and challenges of natural products research: When target identification meets single-cell multiomics

Natural products, and especially the active ingredients found in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), have a thousand-year-long history of clinical use and a strong theoretical basis in TCM. As such, traditional remedies provide shortcuts for the development of original new drugs in China, and increasing numbers of natural products are showing great therapeutic potential in various diseases. This paper reviews the molecular mechanisms of action of natural products from different sources used in the treatment of inflammatory diseases and cancer, introduces the methods and newly emerging technologies used to identify and validate the targets of natural active ingredients, enumerates the expansive list of TCM used to treat inflammatory diseases and cancer, and summarizes the patterns of action of emerging technologies such as single-cell multiomics, network pharmacology, and artificial intelligence in the pharmacological studies of natural products to provide insights for the development of innovative natural product-based drugs. Our hope is that we can make use of advances in target identification and single-cell multiomics to obtain a deeper understanding of actions of mechanisms of natural products that will allow innovation and revitalization of TCM and its swift industrialization and internationalization.     

Effects of tea and tea flavonoids on endothelial function and blood pressure: a brief review

1. The consumption of tea worldwide is second only to water. Thus, any physiological effects of tea could have a significant impact on population health. 2. Tea is the major contributor to total flavonoid intake in many populations. Flavonoids in tea have been shown to have a range of activities and effects that could contribute to improved health. Tea intake and the intake of flavonoids found in tea have been associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular disease in several cross-sectional and prospective population studies. A variety of possible mechanisms have been investigated. The focus of the present review is on the mounting evidence that tea flavonoids can improve endothelial function and lower blood pressure. 3. In vitro studies using isolated vessels have shown that tea flavonoids possess vasodilator activity. Results of human intervention trials have shown that increased flavonoid intake from tea, as well as other dietary sources, can improve endothelial function. Emerging data also suggest that the degree of benefit may be related to flavonoid metabolism. 4. The effects of tea flavonoids on blood pressure are less consistent. Results of animal studies and population studies are consistent with a blood pressure-lowering effect of tea. However, short-term intervention trials, mainly in normotensive individuals, have not demonstrated any blood pressure reduction with tea. 5. Overall, the available data suggest that the effects of tea flavonoids on endothelial function and, perhaps, blood pressure may be responsible, at least in part, for any benefits of drinking tea on the risk of cardiovascular disease.     

中药点滴荧光鉴别法的研究

目的该文诣在建立一种适用于基层的,快速便捷的中药点滴荧光鉴别法。方法在紫外灯下对药材粉未及滴加常用试剂后的荧光进行观察,配以数码摄影,并利用电脑对其荧光斑点进行色彩分析,得出药材荧光斑点的颜色数据,以此作为鉴别和证据。结果与结论实验表明,该方法的稳定性、重现性、精密度均较好,在中药材的真伪上有一定意义。     

Internal transcribed spacer sequence-based identification and phylogenic relationship of I-Tiao-Gung originating from Flemingia and Glycine (Leguminosae) in Taiwan

Botanical root of Flemingia and Glycine of Leguminosae is used as a traditional Chinese medicine material “I-Tiao-Gung” in Taiwan. It is widely used in both traditional Chinese medicine and folk remedies for the treatment of rheumatism, arthropathy, leukorrhea, menalgia, menopausal syndrome, and chronic nephritis, and the improvement of bone mineral density. The quasi root of Glycine tomentella and Glycine tabacina is substituted and used by some off-shore island users, and it is also known as I-Tiao-Gung. Thus, the establishment of an effective method to distinguish the herb from alternative species is a critical issue. In this study, internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region-based analysis was used to ascertain the phylogenetic relationship among the indigenous four Flemingia species and two Glycine species. The length of the ITS regions among the six species ranged from 595 bp to 622 bp and the GC ratio in ITS (ITS 1 + 5.8S + ITS 2) regions ranged from 57.17% to 58.86%. The molecular phylogenetic trees were constructed and indicated that Flemingia species and Glycine species were separated into two clusters. These results indicate that ITS regions can be used as a molecular marker to differentiate the four Flemingia species and two Glycine species.     

产梓醇地黄内生菌的分离鉴定及遗传稳定性研究

通过组织分离法从野生地黄组织中分离得到24株内生菌,采用2,4-二硝基苯肼显色法对所分离的菌株进行产梓醇性能的测定,筛选得到一株产梓醇性能较好的菌株BLCC1-0148,研究其10代内培养物产梓醇性能的遗传稳定性,结合菌落形态特征及菌株特异性序列分析等手段,最终将BLCC1-0148鉴定为蜡样芽孢杆菌(Bacillus Cereus)。利用正交设计试验对高产菌株BLCC1-0148进行发酵条件的优化,最佳发酵培养基如下:葡萄糖0.5%、蛋白胨0.5%、酵母膏0.75%、氯化钠1%;发酵温度37℃,摇床转数180 rpm,发酵时间3 d,梓醇产量达到839μg·mL-1;     

Exploring the relationship between metabolite composition and the cold/hot properties ascribed in traditional Chinese medicine by mass spectral molecular networking – A pilot study

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been applied to improve human health for millennia. In the TCM system, “medicinal property” ( yao xing; hot and cold properties) is a core concept used to describe the influences of medicinal materials on human physiological conditions, and metabolites are believed to be one of the major ingredients of TCMs that affect their medicinal property. However, due to a lack of comprehensive analyses of TCM metabolomes, information about the relationships between TCM metabolite composition and medicinal property remains limited. In this pilot study, a mass spectral molecular networking-based platform was established and applied to systematically profile the metabolome of 24 TCMs with various medicinal properties. The molecular networks were built based on the liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) data from 50% EtOH extracts of 24 TCMs. The results showed that various classes of metabolites were clustered in the molecular networks, and the potential medicinal property-associated molecular families were filtered by screening the medicinal property and the diversity of TCM sources. For example, some specific types of flavonoids were identified in the representative cold-property (han xing) molecular families. In contrast, due to the limited sample size, the representative and universal hot-property (re xing) molecular family has not been well revealed. In summary, this study provides methodology and information on the potential relationships between the metabolite composition and the concept of medicinal property in TCM. Furthermore, the results can serve as a foundation for mass spectral molecular networking-based analysis of TCM metabolomes, facilitating TCM research and development.     

中西医结合治疗甲状腺功能减低危重症临床观察

目的通过临床对甲状腺功能降低危重症的治疗方案研究分析中西医结合治疗方法的疗效。方法选取本院甲状腺功能降低危重症患者40例,随机分为两组,每组20例,对照组给予甲状腺激素进行治疗,治疗组在使用甲状腺激素的基础上配以温肾利水的中药汤剂进行辅助治疗。根据临床效果观察分析治疗甲状腺功能减低危重症患者的最佳治疗方法。结果治疗组疗效要比对照组明显提高（P〈0.01）,并且治疗组在治疗过程中患者的三碘甲状腺原氨酸明显改善,两组比较差异有高度统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论治疗甲状腺功能降低危重症的最好临床方法就是有效地将中西医结合,最大程度地改善患者的临床症状,缩短治疗疗程,帮助患者早日恢复健康,促进对甲状腺功能恢复,值得临床推广与应用。     

蟾酥中强心甾类化学成分的分离与鉴定

目的对蟾酥的氯仿提取物进行化学成分的分离与鉴定。方法以3倍量氯仿索氏提取,采用硅胶柱色谱、凝胶柱色谱、高效液相色谱等手段对氯仿提取物进行分离纯化,根据其理化性质和波谱数据(1H-NMR、13C-NMR)进行结构鉴定。结果从蟾酥的氯仿提取物中分离得到6个强心甾类化合物,经光谱数据分析,鉴定其结构分别为脂蟾毒配基(resibufagenin,1)、华蟾毒精(cinobufagin,2)、蟾毒灵(bufalin,3)、华蟾毒它灵(cinobufatalin,4)、12 β-羟基华蟾毒精(12 β-hydroxylcinobufagin,5)、1β-羟基华蟾毒精(1β-hydroxylcinobufagin,6)。结论化合物6为一新的天然产物。     

中药配方颗粒质量标准薄层鉴别与液相指纹图谱/特征图谱研究现状及对照提取物应用可行性探讨

中药配方颗粒是以饮片为原料,经现代生产工艺提取、浓缩、干燥、制粒得到的单味颗粒剂,其成品已经失去了原有饮片的性状和显微特征,故而有必要使用薄层色谱、指纹图谱/特征图谱、浸出物、含量测定等方法对其进行内在质量控制。本文在参考各官方发文、国家配方颗粒质量标准、各省区配方颗粒地方标准以及近年来关于配方颗粒质量标准的文献等基础上,重点对于配方颗粒标准中薄层鉴别和指纹图谱/特征图谱的应用情况进行综述讨论,针对现行标准的先进性和待完善的内容进行探讨,并针对配方颗粒对照提取物应用的可行性进行实例分析和探讨。     

服用致畸中药后献血者延期献血的期限设定

目的探讨献血者服用有致畸作用的中药后延期献血期限的设定。方法采用药动学方法,推迟时间从最后一次服药算起为tmax 20×t1/2。结果根据药学研究现状,提出了半夏、人参的暂行延期献血期限。结论服用过有致畸作用中药的献血者必须延期献血。在不能准确设定延期期限之前,需要确定暂行安全间隔时间。     

中药PT液对衰老小鼠谷胱甘肽、免疫功能及元素的影响

目的：观察PT液对脑老化指标变化。方法：用D－半乳糖制造小鼠衰老模型同时服用PT液观察脑组织中GSH、总抗氧化能力、MDA及Ca^2 ,Mg^2 ,Zn^2 ,Cu^2 ,Fe^2 ,胸腺、乙宫重量变化。结果：PT液能增加脑组织中GSH含量、降低MDA生成 （P＜0．05），脑组织中C^2 含量下降、Zn/Cu比值上升（P＜0．01），小鼠胸腺重量增加近2－3倍（P＜0．01），红细胞、脑组织蛋白量也随着药浓增加而增加，子宫重量恢复正常。结论：PT提取液能增加脑组织抗氧化能力，通过降低Ca^2 ,Zn/Cu比值，提高机体免疫功能及恢复性膛水平而产生抗衰老作用。     

香薷属植物的传统应用,化学与药理学研究进展（英文）

本文对20种产于中国的唇形科香薷属植物的化学成分、药理活性与传统应用进行了综述和比较。据文献报道,这些植物大部分用于治疗呼吸道和胃肠道的功能失调。另外,部分植物还具有抗菌、抗炎、解热镇痛和心肌缺血保护作用。从这些植物分离得到的挥发油和黄酮通常被认为是植物药理作用的物质基础。