吖啶酯标记抗体应用于结核病人抗体水平的测定

本文采用吖啶酯标记羊抗人 IgG 抗体,建立了人血清中 IgG 的测定方法。该标记方法条件温和,简便易行,其标准曲线范围为7.5～125ng IgG/ml。批内及批间变异系数分别为7.1%及9.9%。应用于结核病人血清中抗体水平的测定结果良好。15名正常献血人员及20名结核病患者血清中抗体水平分别为57±24.7及165±129μg/ml。统计学处理指出两组差别非常显著。     

应用抗生物素-生物素系统进行增强化学发光的实验研究

抗生物素-生物素系统(ABS)在酶联免疫吸附试验中的应用,使ELISA法检测的灵敏度明显提高。化学发光免疫测定法(CLIA)是在70年代末发展起来的一种可与放射免疫测定(RIA)相媲美的非放射性免疫学技术,本研究将ABS与增强化学发光酶免疫试验相结合,建立起了抗生物素-生物素增强发光酶免疫试验法(Avidin-Biotin Complex Enhanced Chemilumines-cent Assay),简称(ABC-ECLIA)的实验方法。 一、材料与方法以聚苯乙烯小管条(天津产)为载体,人IgG为检测模型,用双抗体夹心法进行测定,具体步骤为:以5mg/L(5μg/ml)的羊抗人IgG0.20ml/孔包被载体,4℃冰箱过夜,经洗涤→标准人IgG,在37℃下1h洗涤→生物素化羊抗人IgG,再经37℃洗涤30min→ABC复合物,37℃洗涤15min,最后一次洗涤     

人胃癌及其癌前病变的DNA、AgNORs定量分析

目的 对人胃癌及其癌前病变中DNA含量、AgNORs进行定量分析。方法 采用比色分析法测定胃癌20例,胃癌前病变12例及正常胃黏膜14例细胞核DNA含量;并通过银染技术对细胞核仁组成区AgNORs的数量、大小及形态进行观察。结果 正常胃黏膜、癌前病变、癌的DNA含量分别为(1.53±1.03)mg/L,(3.18±0.41)mg/L,(4.73±0.65)mg/L;AgNORs数量分别为1.57±0.24,3.24±1.08,4.43±1.60;平均最大直径分别为(1.01±0.17)μm,(1.41±0.38)μm,(2.52±0.62)μm;异形率分别为(10.8±1.2)％,(18.8±2.2)％,(36.4±3.4)%。各组间均有显著性差异。结论 胃癌及其癌前病变过程中DNA含量,AgNORs数量、大小、形态在胃癌发生发展过程中起重要作用。     

固相血球吸附试验检测流行性出血热患者血清IgM抗体

流行性出血热(EHF)病毒具有凝集鸽、鹅等动物血球的特性。目前据此已建立了血凝试验和血凝抑制试验。为了研究早期快速诊断EHF的问题,我们综合血凝试验和酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)两种诊断方法的优点,设计了一种新的固相血球吸附试验(Sold-phase absorbanceof red cells,简称SPARC),用于EHF患者血清特异性IgM抗体检测。SPARC的主要步骤:取羊抗人u链的IgG抗体(5μg/ml)包被96孔聚氯乙烯(PVC)U形软板,100μl/孔,4℃过夜。在各孔内加入被检血清和对照血清,100μl/孔,37℃保温2h。然后每孔加入32U/50μl的EHF病毒血凝素25μl,37℃反应2h。上述每次     

82例癫痫患者血清与脑脊液免疫球蛋白含量分析

本文对82例不同类型癫痫患者血清和23例脑脊液Ig测定,结果血清IgG低于正常均值,IgA、IgM则高于正常均值。治疗后lgG均值增高2.26mg/ml,而IgM、IgA均值下降,前者T=2.28,P<0.01。脑脊液Ig患者均值较正常值高,即IgG30.48±2.49,IgA4.85±4.39ug/ml,正常IgG20.43±8.10ug/ml,IgA1.95±2.87ug/ml,两者P<0.05。作者认为Ig功能紊乱对癫痫有一定意义。     

正常脑脊液循环的MRI定量研究

目的运用MRIcine相位对比法研究正常志愿者的脑脊液流动.材料和方法采用MRIcinePC对40例正常志愿者颅内及椎管脑脊液循环进行研究,男29例,女¨例,年龄7～76岁.对其中31例作了中脑导水管、枕大孔和C2水平的脑脊液流动方向、流速和流量的研究,9例测定了T6及L1水平的脑脊液流动方向.结果(1)心房收缩期和心室收缩期,脑脊液自第三脑室向下流人第四脑室;心室舒张期,则脑脊液流动方向相反.椎管内心脏收缩期和舒张期脑脊液流动方向与中脑导水管基本相同,即收缩期脑脊液向下流动,而舒张期脑脊液向上流动.脑脊液在椎管内的流动方向蜿蜒曲折,颈和腰段椎管内能测得明显脑脊液流动和确定其流向的部位在椎管的前部,而胸段则在椎管的后部.(2)每个心动周期中脑导水管脑脊液向下峰速和向上峰速分别为15.6±6.58mm/s和15.92±6.79mm/s,中脑导水管的向下流量及向上流量分别为0.547±0.208ml/s及0.538±0.208ml/s,净向下流量为0.009±0.008ml/s;枕大孔脑脊液向下峰速和向上峰速分别为2.47±0.98mm/s和2.94±1.34mm/s,向下流量及向上流量分别为0.534±0.249ml/s及0.530±0.250ml/s,净流量为0.004±0.002ml/s;C2层面脑脊液向下峰速和向上峰速分别为4.72±1.86mm/s和4.89±1.78mm/s,向下流量及向上流量为1.106±0.476ml/s和1.101±0.476ml/s,净流量0.005±0.003ml/s.结论MRIcinePC能无损伤地研究人体脑脊液的流动和比较精确地确定脑脊液的流速、流量和方向,是一种优于其他方法的研究CSF流动的重要方法,在此基础上能进一步对脑脊液循环障碍疾病进行定量研究.     

利巴韦林片在健康人体的药动学及生物等效性

目的研究利巴韦林片在健康人体的药代动力学特征及其相对生物等效性。方法24名男性健康志愿者以标准二阶段交叉设计自身对照试验法,分别单剂量口服2种利巴韦林片,采用液相色谱-串联质谱法测定受试者服药后72h内血浆中利巴韦林的浓度。结果受试品和参比品利巴韦林主要的药代动力学参数Tmax分别为3.55±3.06、2.84±2.89h,Cmax分别为:214.12±89.21、223.89±116.83μg·L-1;AUC(0-72h)为5252.63±1896.66、5239.36±2708.07μg·h·L-1,受试品的相对生物利用度为110.5%。结论2种利巴韦林制剂在健康志愿者体内具有生物等效性。     

细胞膜表面Galectin-1抗体阻断对大肠侧向发育型肿瘤细胞与Ⅰ型胶原黏附的影响

目的观察细胞膜galectin-1抗体阻断对LST-R1细胞与Ⅰ型胶原黏附的影响.方法激光共聚焦显微镜观察galectin-1在LST-R1细胞膜表面的表达.galectin-1抗体预孵LST-R1细胞后种植于Ⅰ型胶原(20μl/孔)包被的48孔板中,观察黏附细胞形态学差异;计数黏附细胞.结果galectin-1表达于LST-R1细胞膜表面,galectin-1抗体预孵LST R1细胞后结合率为(38.2±0.92)%.galectin-1抗体阻断组可见有渐多的不规则角形黏附细胞,且大部分细胞呈单个生长状态,而对照组大部分黏附细胞为圆形或类圆形,细胞主要呈聚集生长;黏附细胞数分别为40±4和30±4(P＜0.01).结论细胞膜表面galectin-1可能为LST病变呈浅表扩散的重要蛋白质分子之一.     

飞行员头发中铁铜锌钾四元素含量的测定

测定了118名飞行员头发中的铁、锌、铜、钾含量。采用湿消化法处理样品,火焰原子吸收法测定。结果表明,发铁含量平均为8.56±2.20μg/g;发锌含量平均为122.79±4.52/μg/g;发铜含量平均为18.45±2.68 μg/g;发钾含量平均为61.5±2.29 μg/g。将飞行员按年龄分为三组,按地区分为四区,再按歼击机和运输机分组,进行组间比较。铁存东北地区(6.39±0.96μg/g)低于西北(9.74±1.04μg/g)和华南(9.63±1.98μg/g)地区,P<0.01;歼击机组(7.42±1.97μg/g)低于运输机组(9.95±2.2 μg/g),P<0.01。各分组的其它元素间无明显差别。揭示飞行员发中的这几种元素在年龄、地区及机种之间没有显著的差别。同时证明了我们于80年代制订的飞行员营养定量标准和食物定量标准是适宜的,可行的。     

交通性脑积水脑室分流前后的脑脊液MRI定量研究

目的运用MRI cine PC定量研究交通性脑积水脑室分流前后的脑脊液流动情况.材料和方法在1.5T GEHo rizon Signa磁共振机器上利用MRI cine PC程序,在以前实验所得的液体流速与信号强度关系公式的基础上,对16例交通性脑积水的中脑导水管、枕大孔和C2水平脑脊液流速、流量情况进行MRI cine PC检查(1.5TGE Horizon Signa),并对其中10例交通性脑积水脑室引流后的中脑导水管和枕大孔处脑脊液的流速和流量同样进行测量,并与术前进行比较.同时作为对照,对31例正常志愿者颅内中脑导水管、枕大孔和C2水平的脑脊液流速和流量进行测定.结果交通性脑积水中脑导水管水平脑脊液流速和流量明显增快,与正常者进行统计有明显差异(P＜0.05),向下峰速和向上峰速分别为47.57±16.71mm/s和44.48±19.22mm/s,向下流量及向上流量明显增大为3.142±1.055ml/s及3.143±1.055ml/s;脑脊液净流量为0±0.003ml/s.而枕大孔向下峰速和向上峰速分别为1.37±0.44mm/s和1.33±0.41mm/s,向下流量及向上流量分别为0.351±0.125ml/s及0.350±0.121ml/s;脑脊液净流量为0.001±0.007ml/s.C2水平脑脊液向下峰速和向上峰速分别为2.41±1.27mm/s和2.95±1.15mm/s,向下流量及向上流量分别为0.521±0.214ml/s和0.519±0.214ml/s;脑脊液净流量为0.002±0.003ml/s.其中10例交通性脑积水经VP手术前后对比分析,发现术后症状改善明显者中脑导水管脑脊液流速和向上、下的流量均较术前明显减少(P＜0.05).结论MRI cine PC对脑脊液(CSF)流动的研究具有非损伤性和对脑脊液流动敏感的特点,是一种优于其他方法的研究CSF流动的重要方法,同时对脑脊液循环障碍疾病的脑脊液流动情况也能定量测定,对VP分流前后的交通性脑积水的脑脊液流速、流量和方向的确定,对估计其术后效果具有重要意义.     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.