非甾体抗炎药致消化性溃疡出血临床分析

为研究非甾体抗炎药（NSAIDs）致消化性溃疡出血的临床特征。笔者对解放军第210医院消化性溃疡出血住院患者的临床资料按照出血前10天内是否服用过NSAIDs分为两组进行比较。结果显示,262例消化性溃疡出血患者中有18．32％服用过NSAIDs。两组患者的性别、消化性溃疡史、出血程度、病变大小及部位比较无显著性差异（P＞0．05）,但NSAIDs 组患者的年龄偏大,较多患者有消化道出血史、心血管病史,出血前消化道症状不明显,溃疡更易多发,平均住院天数明显减少（P＜0．05）。     

高原地区高压氧治疗消化性溃疡疗效观察

目的观察高原地区高压氧治疗消化性溃疡的临床疗效。方法选择高原地区经胃镜确诊为良性消化性溃疡患者120例,分为两组,每组60例。对照组应用洛赛克、阿莫西林、甲硝唑三联疗法。HBO组在此基础上加用HBO治疗。治疗两个疗程后复查胃镜并比较两组治疗前后溃疡长、短径及幽门螺杆菌检出率。结果治疗两个疗程后,HBO组患者溃疡的直径及幽门螺杆菌检出率与对照组比较均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论联合HBO治疗高原地区幽门螺杆菌阳性消化性溃疡较单用三联疗法疗效更佳。     

根除幽门螺杆菌对部队官兵消化性溃疡复发的影响

目的探讨根除幽门螺杆菌(HP)对部队官兵消化性溃疡(PU)复发的影响,寻找降低部队官兵消化性溃疡复发的方法。方法 489例HP阳性消化性溃疡官兵,经正规抗HP治疗后(奥美拉唑胶囊、阿莫西林胶囊、克拉霉素片),根据HP阳性分为HP根除组和HP未根除组,随访1年,比较两组在溃疡复发率、消化道出血复发率的差异。结果 HP根除率为71.2%、溃疡愈合率为92.2%,HP根除组溃疡复发率、消化道出血复发率均明显低于HP未根除组(P<0.01,P<0.05)。结论根除HP可明显降低部队PU患者的复发率。     

高压氧综合治疗老年人幽门螺杆菌阳性消化性溃疡临床研究

目的 观察高压氧(HBO)综合治疗老年人幽门螺杆菌阳性消化性溃疡的临床疗效.方法 选择经胃镜确诊为良性的幽门螺杆菌阳性消化性溃疡老年患者100例,分为2组,每组50例.对照组应用洛赛克、阿莫西林、甲硝唑三联疗法治疗,HBO组在此基础上给予HBO治疗.治疗2个疗程后复查胃镜并比较2组治疗前后溃疡长、短径的变化及幽门螺杆菌的检出率.结果 治疗2个疗程后,HBO组患者溃疡的直径及幽门螺杆菌检出率与对照组比较均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 上述三联疗法联合HBO治疗老年人幽门螺杆菌阳性消化性溃疡较单用三联疗法疗效更佳.     

康复新口服液联合“三联疗法”治疗消化性溃疡80例临床研究

目的观察康复新口服液联合“三联疗法”治疗幽门螺杆菌（HP）相关的消化性溃疡（PU）的临床疗效。方法将经胃镜检查确诊的160例幽门螺杆菌（HP）感染相关的消化性溃疡（Pu）,随机分两组。对照组：80例,泮托拉唑40mg＋阿莫西林1．0＋呋喃唑酮100mg,2次／d,三联治疗7d后,继续单用泮托拉唑40mg,1次／d,连服5周;治疗组80例,是在对照组基础上加服康复新液10mL,5次／d,共4周。于治疗前后进行临床症状严重程度评分,胃镜下溃疡愈合情况,HP根除情况及治疗后半年溃疡复发情况评估。结果两组治疗对比显示,治疗后都能明显缓解临床症状,而治疗组比对照组临床症状改善更为迅速,1个月后胃镜复查,溃疡愈合率,总有效率,HP根除率,治疗组分别为87．5％、97．5％、93．8％,对照组分别为50．0％、92．5％、87．5％,治疗组痊愈率优于对照组（P〈0．01）,总有效率及HP根除率无明显差异（P〉0．05）,治疗后1年溃疡复发率,治疗组20．0％,对照组41．3％,两组有显著差异（P〈0．01）。结论康复新液能迅速改善消化性溃疡的临床症状,促进溃疡愈合,缩短愈合疗程,减少和预防溃疡复发,康复新液联合泮托拉唑三联疗法治疗HP相关的消化性溃疡疗效可靠,值得推广应用。     

复方嗜酸乳杆菌联合三联疗法治疗幽门螺杆菌阳性的胃、十二指肠溃疡疗效分析

目的探讨复方嗜酸乳杆菌联合三联疗法治疗幽门螺杆菌(HP)阳性的胃、十二指肠溃疡的临床疗效。方法将107例HP阳性的胃、十二指肠溃疡患者随机分为两组,治疗组采用复方嗜酸乳杆菌联合三联疗法(复方嗜酸乳杆菌、雷贝拉唑、阿莫西林、克拉霉素),对照组采用三联疗法(雷贝拉唑、阿莫西林、克拉霉素)治疗,疗程均为2周,观察两组患者HP根除、溃疡愈合及副反应发生情况。结果治疗组HP根除率为91.23%、溃疡愈合率为89.47%、副反应发生率为5.26%;对照组HP根除率为74.00%,溃疡愈合率为72.00%、副反应发生率为8.00%,二组比较,HP根除率及溃疡愈合率治疗组优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论复方嗜酸乳杆菌联合三联疗法治疗HP阳性的消化性溃疡有较好疗效。     

健胃愈疡片对老年消化性溃疡的治疗作用

目的探讨健胃愈疡片对老年消化性溃疡的治疗价值。方法选择65例老年消化性溃疡患者,分为治疗组与对照组,治疗组服用健胃愈疡片5～6片,4次/d;对照组服用法莫替丁20mg,2次/d。总疗程4～6w。观察两组患者的症状变化及治疗前后胃镜检查结果。结果治疗组总有效率94.3%,对照组总有效率73.3%,两组总有效率的差异显著（P〈0.05）。两组均未出现明显副作用。结论健胃愈疡片对老年消化性溃疡治疗有重要意义,值得临床应用推广。     

儿童消化性溃疡小肠细菌过度生长情况研究

目的探讨儿童消化性溃疡(PU)患者小肠细菌过度生长(SIBO)的情况,以及SIBO与其幽门螺杆菌(HP)感染之间的关系。方法对30例儿童PU患者按HP感染情况分为HP阳性组(22例)、HP阴性组(8例)两组,通过葡萄糖氢呼吸试验(GHBT)分别检测其SIBO情况,并与健康对照组进行组间比较。结果 30例儿童PU患者,HP阳性组和HP阴性组患儿与健康对照组的SIBO阳性率及试餐后呼气氢浓度比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);儿童PU患者HP阳性组与HP阴性组SIBO阳性率及试餐后呼气氢浓度比较差异也有显著统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论儿童消化性溃疡SIBO发生率高,若合并HP感染,其SIBO发生率增加尤为显著,推测儿童消化性溃疡SIBO阳性率高与幽门螺杆菌存在某种关联。     

Hp感染与高原红细胞增多症合并消化性溃疡的临床特点分析

目的探讨幽门螺旋杆菌(Helicobaterpyloi,Hp)与高原红细胞增多症(highaltitudepolycythemia,HAPC)合并消化性溃疡的临床特点。方法5.5年中对5203例病人进行上消化道内镜检查,检出HAPC合并消化性溃疡49例(0.94%)。男性44例,女性5例(8.81,P<0.001)。Hp检测采用改良cimtnz染色液染色,凡一处阳性者均按阳性统计。结果49例HAPC患者共查出溃疡71处,溃疡面积直径>1.5cm28处(39.4%),>2.0cm4处(5.6%),其中胃多发性溃疡占24.5%,十二指肠溃疡占20.4%,复合性溃疡占20.4%,胃角溃疡占16.3%。Hp感染率高达89.9%。结论HAPC合并消化性溃疡男性多于女性;职业以体力劳动患病率高;汉族为主,临床症状除上腹痛外,其它症状不典型,上消化道出血是其主要并发症。溃疡面大、溃疡深凹苔厚、愈合慢、易复发的临床特征。探讨Hp感染与HAPC合并消化性溃疡为其发病机制和规律,具有重要意义。     

奥美拉唑联合奥曲肽治疗老年性消化性溃疡并上消化道出血的临床观察

目的探讨奥美拉唑联合奥曲肽治疗老年消化性溃疡并上消化道出血的临床疗效。方法将70例老年消化性溃疡并上消化道出血患者按随机数字表分法分为治疗组和对照组,每组各35例患者。对照组采用奥美拉唑治疗,治疗组采用奥美拉唑联合奥曲肽治疗,连续治疗14 d后评价临床疗效,观察治疗前后临床症状、胃镜下溃疡愈合情况,观察治疗后12、24、48、72 h时止血情况,记录患者潜血转阴时间、住院时间及不良反应情况,随访1年并观察出血复发情况。结果治疗组临床疗效有效率为94.3%,对照组为82.9%,治疗组临床疗效有效率显著高于对照组(χ2=6.808,P<0.01);治疗组12、24、48、72 h止血率分别为74.3%、82.9%、85.7%、94.3%,显著高于对照组(χ2值分别为4.730、4.152、5.581、6.808,P<0.05);治疗组潜血转阴时间和出院时间分别为(4.58±1.53)d和(7.26±2.30)d,均显著低于对照组(t值分别为4.392、3.830,P<0.05);治疗组随访期内出血复发率为11.8%,对照组为54.5%,两组出血复发率比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.693,P<0.05)。两组均无严重不良反应。结论奥美拉唑联合奥曲肽治疗老年消化性溃疡并上消化道出血临床疗好,安全可靠,值得临床推广应用。     

Physiologic and pathologic calcifications and ossifications in the face and neck

The aim was to give a systematic presentation of physiologic and pathologic calcifications and ossifications in the face and neck with a special emphasis on clinical relevance. In a sometimes subacute setting one should recognize specific calcifications which often lead to important diagnoses such as fungal sinusitis or sclerosing labyrinthitis. In a more chronic situation intraocular calcifications in small children are pathognomonic for retinoblastoma. Juxtatumoral sclerosis of the laryngeal cartilage in laryngopharyngeal carcinoma is usually caused by tumor infiltration of the cartilage resulting in a higher tumor stage and, this way, has a major impact on the therapeutical strategy. Calcified lymph nodes are mainly unspecific but can be the result of tuberculosis or metastases of thyroid cancer. Cross-sectional imaging methods, most of all computed tomography, are ideally suited to reveal head and neck calcifications and ossifications, especially those which are clinically relevant.     

Head and neck infection and inflammation

This article discusses the imaging manifestations of infectious and inflammatory conditions of the head and neck. Special attention is paid to the sites, routes of spread, and complications of neck infections. Because the clinical signs and symptoms and the complications of these conditions are often determined by the precise anatomic site involved, anatomic considerations are stressed. Familiarity with the fascial layers, spaces of the neck, and the contents of each space is helpful for this discussion. The fascial layers of the neck are important barriers to infection, and once infection is established, the fascial layers play a part in directing its spread.     

幽门螺杆菌分泌与重组表达的VacA蛋白的分离纯化及其致细胞空泡效应与凋亡的对比研究

目的：分离纯化幽门螺杆菌分泌和重组表达的细胞空泡毒素抗原（ VacA）蛋白,并评价其致细胞空泡效应及致细胞凋亡效应。方法分别从幽门螺杆菌ATCC26695菌株培养上清和重组表达VacA蛋白的pQE30-VacA-E．coliM15基因工程菌中分离纯化VacA蛋白,经酸化后,以不同终浓度（5,10 ng／ml）分别与人胃腺癌AGS细胞共孵24 h,观察致空泡效应,并通过流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡。结果成功分离纯化出幽门螺杆菌分泌和重组表达的VacA蛋白;幽门螺杆菌分泌的VacA蛋白能显著引起AGS细胞的空泡样改变及凋亡（P＜0．01）,而重组表达的VacA蛋白致细胞空泡样改变及凋亡不显著（ P＞0．05）。结论幽门螺杆菌分泌的VacA蛋白有良好的空泡毒性及致凋亡效应,而重组表达的VacA蛋白无致空泡及凋亡效应,幽门螺杆菌分泌的VacA蛋白可用于VacA作用机制的研究。     

化学和生物学融合对国际武器公约履约的影响

化学武器公约（ CWC）和生物武器公约（ BWC）是为禁止生产、发展、储存和使用化学武器和生物武器而制定的国际公约。近年来,科学技术快速发展,知识交叉渗透,学科之间出现整合和融合,促进了科技进步和经济发展。其中化学和生物学融合在有力促进制药、健康卫生、绿色化学和环境保护等产业进步的同时,也对化学和生物武器公约的履约产生了重要的影响。该文综述了与化学武器和生物武器公约相关的化学和生物学融合进展,并分析其对公约履约的影响。     

Oxygen uptake and ventilation during rowing and running in females and males

This study evaluated if the ventilatory response to exercise is impaired by the cramp position of rowing. Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), maximal expiratory volume (VEmax), and maximal heart rate (HRmax) during rowing and running were compared in 55 males (age, mean +/- SD, 21 +/- 3 years; height 176 +/- 5 cm; body mass 72 +/- 6 kg) and 18 females (age 20 +/- 2 years; height 164 +/- 5 cm; body mass 61 +/- 4 kg). VEmax was larger during rowing than during running (males, 157 +/- 16 vs. 147 +/- 13 L min(-1); 114 +/- 9 vs. 105 +/- 11 L min(-1), P<0.01). Also VO2max was larger during rowing than during running (males, 4.5 +/- 0.5 vs. 4.3 +/- 0.4 L min(-1); females, 3.3 +/- 0.4 vs. 3.2 +/- 0.4 L min(-1), P<0.01). However, HRmax was lower during rowing than during running (males, 194 +/- 8 vs. 198 +/- 11 beats min(-1); females, 192 +/- 6 vs. 196 +/- 8 beats min(-1), P<0.05). VEmax was correlated to body mass and fat-free mass, as was VO2max. Thus, the oxygen pulse (VO2max/HRmax) was larger during rowing than during running, while the ventilatory equivalent for oxygen (VEmax/VO2max) was similar. We showed that bending the body during rowing does not seem to impair ventilation either in males or in females. The results indicate that VEmax and VO2max relate to body size and fat-free mass for both females and males. The findings indicate that the involvement of more muscles, the entrainment, and the body position during rowing facilitates ventilation and venous return and lowers maximal heart rate.     

Coracoclavicular and coracoacromial ligament calcification and ossification

Thirty-six patients with calcification or ossification at or around the coracoclavicular and coracoacromial regions were analyzed with regard to type, location, and configuration of the deposits and related clinical history. Calcification or ossification in the coracoclavicular region resulted largely from trauma (36%) or renal failure (28%). Trauma patients may develop punctate calcification or ossification but do not develop the tumoral type of calcification. About 5% of the renal failure patients had coracoclavicular ligament calcifications, one-half of which were of the tumoral type. Renal failure patients may have punctate or tumoral calcifications but do not develop ossification.     

CLIP相关技术的研究进展

在真核生物基因表达的转录后调节中,RNA结合蛋白（ RBP）起着关键作用,很多RBP的异常与人类疾病的发生密切相关。自2000年的RNA免疫沉淀和芯片分析方法（ RNA immunoprecipitation with differential display or microarray analysis , RIP-ChIP）出现以来,人们开始就RBP与RNA相互作用进行了系统而广泛的研究。经过改良和发展,基于体内实时紫外交联免疫沉淀法（ ultraviolet crosslinking and immunoprecipitation , CLIP ）、交联免疫沉淀cDNA文库高通量测序法（ high-throughput sequencing of CLIP cDNA library , HITS-CLIP）、光催化核糖核苷增强交联和免疫沉淀法（ photoactivatable-ribonucleoside-enhanced crosslinking and immunprecipitation , PAR-CLIP）以及提高个别核苷酸分辨率交联和免疫共沉淀法（ individual nucleotide resolution CLIP , iCLIP）等RIP-ChIP衍生方法相继产生,使用这些方法,可以解析RBP的RNA识别特异性,而且通过与高通量测序技术结合,可以实现转录组尺度的RBP的靶序列的鉴定,分辨率也得到极大提高。该文就RNA与蛋白的相互作用的基本原理及其研究进展、相关技术存在的问题以及发展趋势进行简要综述。     

Cross-sectional and longitudinal comparisons of self-reported and device-assessed physical activity and sedentary behaviour

ObjectivesTo examine the longitudinal associations and differences between self-reported and device-assessed physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour (SB), using a multifaceted statistical approach.DesignLongitudinal measurement burst.MethodsIn total, 52 university students (78% female) aged 18–38 years (mean = 21.94 ± 4.57 years) participated. The study consisted of three blocks of six days of measurement, during which participants wore an accelerometer on their wrist for the entire block, and self-reported their PA over the 6 days at the end of each block.ResultsMeaningful latent differences between methods were observed for moderate PA and SB across all three assessment periods, such that participants underreported the time spent in each activity. Bland–Altman plots revealed a positive mean difference for vigorous PA, with over-reporting increasing as mean levels increased. Negative mean differences were observed for all other intensities. Underreporting of moderate PA increased as the mean level increased, whereas for light PA and SB, underreporting decreased at high levels. Repeated measures correlations revealed a meaningful association for vigorous PA only, suggesting that as self-reported minutes increase so too do device-measured minutes.ConclusionsWe found evidence of cross-sectional and longitudinal differences and weak associations between self-reported and device-assessed PA and SB. Future work is needed to enhance the quality of self-reported methods to assess PA and SB (e.g., face and content validity), and consider improvements to the processing of device-based data.     

Old and dangerous: Prison and dementia

Older prisoners are the fastest growing group of prisoners in many countries. The purpose of this study is to explore the phenomenon of detention of persons suffering from dementia. Medline searches were conducted for relevant articles, chapters and books published until August 2016. Search terms included dementia, elderly, prison and criminal. Publications found through this indexed search were reviewed for further relevant references. As results, there is a lack of data about elderly with dementia in prisons. Given the rise in the average age, it is reasonable to hypothesize that the number of older prisoners is growing. Moreover, some elderly are imprisoned with a concomitant cognitive impairment or psychiatric disorder while others will develop such diseases once incarcerated. At the present time, legal and social systems seem unprepared to handle the phenomenon of dementia in prison. As proposal, health assessments for older first time offenders should become a practice inside the correctional facilities and include an evaluation for specific health issues, such as psychiatric comorbidity and cognitive impairment.