子宫内膜异位症组织趋化因子及雌孕激素受体表达变化

目的探讨子宫内膜异位症组织趋化因子及雌孕激素受体表达的变化情况。方法选取2015年1月-2016年12月期间长兴妇幼保健院所收治的88例子宫内膜异位症患者为观察组,另选取86例同期在医院进行健康体检者作为对照组,并对两组患者的组织趋化因子水平、雌孕激素受体表达情况,以及不同分期子宫内膜异位症患者的组织趋化因子水平、雌孕激素受体表达情况进行分析。结果与对照组相比,观察组患者趋化因子单核细胞趋化蛋白-1 (MCP-1)(205. 37±31. 24) ng/L和RANTES (626. 50±73. 39)μg/L水平均明显提高(P<0. 05)。与Ⅰ～Ⅱ期相比,Ⅲ～Ⅳ期患者趋化因子MCP-1 (228. 62±24. 95)ng/L和RANTES (679. 86±76. 91)μg/L水平均明显提高(P<0. 05)。与对照组相比,观察组患者雌激素受体(ER)阳性表达率36. 36%,孕激素受体(PR)阳性表达率31. 82%,均明显降低(P<0. 05)。与Ⅰ～Ⅱ期相比,Ⅲ～Ⅳ期患者ER阳性表达率25. 53%,PR阳性表达率19. 15%,均明显降低(P<0. 05)。结论组织趋化因子及雌孕激素受体表达对诊断和鉴别子宫内膜异位症及其病情危重程度均具有极其重要的临床参考价值。     

小鼠骨髓间充质干细胞调节T细胞亚群表达趋化因子受体的研究

目的：研究小鼠T淋巴细胞亚群受骨髓间充质干细胞（mesenchymal stem cells,MSCs）调控表达趋化因子受体的变化。方法：小鼠骨髓细胞悬液进行贴壁培养法分离出骨髓间充质干细胞,经培养扩增后按不同比例（10%及1%）与经过植物血凝素（PHA）刺激的小鼠淋巴细胞混合培养,流式细胞术检测趋化因子受体CXCR3,CCR5,CCR7在不同T细胞亚群中表达的变化。结果：在CD3＋CD8＋亚群中,添加了骨髓间充质干细胞的两个培养组均较对照组增高表达CXCR3及CCR7（P〈0.05）,而CCR5仅在10%MSC的高浓度组较对照组有增高表达。在CD3＋CD4＋亚群中,CXCR3的表达在10%MSC组、1%MSC组及对照组表达差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;CCR5及CCR7在添加了骨髓间充质干细胞的两个培养组均较对照组增高表达,且在该两种骨髓间充质干细胞浓度梯度中呈剂量依赖性。结论：骨髓间充质干细胞在与淋巴细胞呈一定的细胞比例共培养时能不同程度上调T淋巴细胞及亚群表达趋化因子受体CXCR3、CCR5、CCR7,提示骨髓间充质干细胞可提高T淋巴细胞亚群的趋化能力。     

趋化因子受体CCR7在结肠癌患者外周血CD3~+CD8~+T细胞上的表达及其临床意义

目的检测结肠癌患者外周血中CD3+CD8+T细胞上趋化因子受体CCR7的表达,分析CCR7的表达与结肠癌的病理分化程度、肿瘤大小和临床分期的相关性。方法利用流式细胞仪检测44例患者外周血,以CELLQuest软件分析获取CD3+CD8+T细胞,检测CCR7的阳性表达率。比较结肠癌患者与正常人外周血CD3+CD8+T细胞上CCR7的表达情况;比较患者术前、术后外周血CD3+CD8+T细胞上CCR7表达阳性率变化;比较CD3+CD8+T细胞亚群上CCR7表达在术前、术后的变化。结果结肠癌患者外周血CD3+CD8+T细胞上CCR7阳性表达率比正常人低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后组外周血CD3+CD8+T细胞上CCR7阳性表达率比术前组高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。外周血CCR7的表达与结肠癌肿瘤的大小、肿瘤分化程度、临床分期、淋巴结转移等具有显著相关(P<0.05)。结论CCR7在结肠癌患者外周血CD3+CD8+T细胞上高度表达,并与结肠癌的病理分化程度、肿瘤大小和临床分期的密切相关。CCR7的表达可能与促细胞凋亡和抗细胞凋亡蛋白质有关。     

泌乳素受体及趋化因子和受体与系统性红斑狼疮的相关性研究

[目的]探讨泌乳素受体及趋化因子和受体的变化与系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)疾病活动程度及相关性。[方法]2008～2010年,选取2006～2007年在山东省千佛山医院、山东大学齐鲁医院风湿免疫科门诊和住院的105例红斑性狼疮患者,检测血清胸腺和活化调节因子(TARC)、巨噬细胞炎性蛋白-lα(MIP-lα)、白细胞介素6(IL-6)、泌乳素受体(PRLP)水平;检测外周血CD4+T细胞表面趋化因子受体CCR4、CCR5的表达情况,检测血清ds-DNA抗体。同时检测50名健康体检者。[结果]PRLP、TARC、MIP-lα、IL-6、CCR4+CD4+T%、CCR5+CD4+T%,活动期病人均高于稳定期病人和正常对照组(P<0.01),稳定期病人高于正常对照组(P<0.01)。PRLP与MIP-lα、ds-DNA呈正相关(P<0.01),与CCR4+CD4+T%呈负相关(P<0.05),与CCR5+CD4+T%呈正相关(P<0.05)。[结论]PRLP与趋化因子及其受体间相互影响,它们的异常改变可能导致机体免疫紊乱,与SLE发病有关。     

Graves病血清趋化因子与其受体变化的关系研究

目的研究外周血趋化因子及其受体表达与毒性弥漫性甲状腺肿（GD）的关系。方法将67名GD患者分为新诊断未治疗组（A组）、治疗病情未控制组（B组）、病情控制组（C组）及病情稳定组（D组）。采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测其外周血巨噬细胞来源的趋化性细胞因子（MDC）、白细胞介素8（IL-8）、γ干扰素诱导蛋白10（IP-10）、正常T细胞表达和分泌因子（RANTES）的水平;用流式细胞术分析外周血趋化因子受体CXCR3、CCR5、CCR3的表达;同时检测甲状腺功能和甲状腺自身抗体。结果与正常对照组比较,GD组以及其中A组、B组MDC、IL-8、IP-10水平明显增高（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）,MDC、IP-10与FT3、FT4呈正相关（r=0.309,P〈0.05;r=0.302,P〈0.05;r=0.390,P〈0.01;r=0.491,P〈0.01）;趋化因子受体CCR5、CXCR3在GD组降低（P〈0.01;P〈0.05）,CCR5与过氧化物酶抗体（TPO-Ab）呈负相关（r=-0.471,P〈0.05）。结论趋化因子MDC、IP-10、IL-8及受体CCR5、CXCR3参与了GD的免疫病理过程,可作为GD患者的免疫功能和病情监测指标。     

趋化因子受体CCR5和CXCR3在甲亢患者中的表达

目的研究G raves(GD)患者外周血趋化因子受体表达的规律,探讨其在GD发病机制中的作用。方法采用流式细胞术分析趋化因子受体CXCR3、CCR5的表达,用化学发光法和手工放免法检测GD患者甲状腺功能和甲状腺自身抗体。结果GD患者趋化因子受体CCR5明显降低(P<0.01),并与TPO-Ab负相关。结论趋化因子受体CCR5参与了GD的免疫病理过程,并在GD发病机制中发挥重要作用。     

毛细支气管炎患儿血清CCR3趋化因子在哮喘发病中的意义

目的 探讨血清调节激活正常T细胞表达和分泌因子(RANTES)、巨噬细胞炎性蛋白-1α(MIP-1α)水平在儿童哮喘早期诊断中的价值.方法 应用ELISA法分别测定81例毛细支气管炎患儿的血清RANTES、MIP-1 α水平,毛细支气管炎发作后随访3年,最终诊断为哮喘共20例(哮喘组),单纯毛细支气管炎61例(单纯毛细支气管炎组).对比分析当年两组血清RANTES、MIP-1 α的变化,并进行统计学分析.结果 哮喘组血清RANTES、MIP-1α与单纯毛细支气管炎组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).使用RANTES、MIP-1α预测喘息转归时,分别取cutoff值32.11μg/L、32.24 ng/L,标准误分别为0.98、1.00,率的标准误分别为0.98、0.86,ROC曲线下面积分别为0.998、0.925,P值均=0.000.结论 血清RANTES、MIP-1α水平可为婴幼儿时期哮喘早期诊断、早期干预的人群选择提供一个简单可靠的指标,为早期治疗提供了客观依据.     

SDF-1/CXCR4信号通路对喉癌Hep-2细胞增殖的作用

目的:观察基质细胞衍生因子-1(SDF-1)/趋化因子受体4(CXCR4)信号通路对喉癌Hep-2细胞的增殖作用,并探讨其作用机制。方法:体外培养Hep-2细胞,SDF-1慢病毒(4μl,1×1010病毒颗粒)和同剂量siRNA SDF-1转染Hep-2细胞6 d后,细胞分为对照组、siRNA SDF-1组和SDF-1组。MTT法检测各组Hep-2细胞增殖情况。实时荧光定量PC检测各组细胞SDF-1、CXCR4及血管内皮因子C(VEGF-C)mRNA相对表达。结果:镜下观察SDF-1组Hep-2细胞数量显著高于对照组和siRNA SDF-1组,MTT法显示SDF-1组Hep-2细胞在8 d增殖显著高于对照组和siRNA SDF-1组(P0.05),实时荧光定量PCR结果表明SDF-1转染组SDF-1、CXCR4和VEGF-C mRNA表达显著高于对照组和siRNA SDF-1组(P0.05),而对照组和siRNA SDF-1组SDF-1、CXCR4和VEGF-C mRNA表达未见显著差异(P0.05)。SDF1与CXCR4及VEGF-C mRNA表达显著正相关(P0.05)。结论:SDF-1/CXCR4信号通路能够通过上调VEGF-C表达促进喉癌Hep-2细胞增殖,SDF-1/CXCR4信号通路可成为治疗喉癌新的靶点。     

17β-雌二醇对子宫内膜异位症患者在位内膜间质细胞趋化因子SDF-1/CXCR4 mRNA及蛋白表达的影响

目的:研究17β-雌二醇(17β-E2)对子宫内膜异位症(内异症)患者在位子宫内膜间质细胞趋化因子SDF-1及其受体CXCR4 mRNA及蛋白表达的影响,探讨SDF-1/CXCR4在介导雌激素促进内异症发生发展中的作用。方法:体外分离、培养内异症患者在位子宫内膜间质细胞。用不同浓度17β-E2(10-12、10-10、10-8、10-6mol/L)处理子宫内膜间质细胞12 h、24 h、48 h,利用实时定量PCR(RQ-PCR)技术和流式细胞检测技术分别检测17β-E2处理前后子宫内膜间质细胞趋化因子SDF-1/CXCR4 mRNA及蛋白的表达;同法分析雌激素受体拮抗剂IC I182780(10-8mol/L)对SDF-1/CXCR4 mRNA和蛋白表达的影响。结果:不同浓度17β-E2作用于内异症患者在位子宫内膜间质细胞12 h、24 h、48 h后,SDF-1/CXCR4 mR-NA及蛋白的表达呈不同程度增高,于10-10mol/L作用最明显。雌激素受体拮抗剂IC I182780能明显抑制17β-E2的作用。结论:雌激素可促进内异症患者在位子宫内膜间质细胞SDF-1/CXCR4 mRNA及蛋白的表达,SDF-1/CXCR4可能参与了内异症的形成和发展。     

中性粒细胞CD162、CXCR2、CXCR4表达与小儿肺炎支原体感染的关系

目的 探究中性粒细胞P-选择素糖蛋白配体1(PSGL-1/CD162)、趋化因子受体-2(CXCR2)、趋化因子受体-4(CXCR4)的表达与小儿肺炎支原体(MP)感染的关系。方法 选取2020年3月-2021年3月海南省妇女儿童医学中心接收的78例MP感染患儿为感染组,其中重症36例、轻症42例,以同期来院体检的健康儿童40名为对照组,流式细胞术和实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(qRT-PCR)检测中性粒细胞CD162、CXCR2、CXCR4的表达水平。结果 感染组患儿外周血中性粒细胞CD162、CXCR2、CXCR4的平均荧光强度(MFI)分别为(87.33±13.34)、(1.33±0.28)、(1.64±0.31),mRNA相对表达量分别为(2.36±1.26)、(3.65±0.64)、(4.33±1.18)均高于对照组(P<0.05);重症MP感染患儿高于轻症患儿(P<0.05)。受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)分析显示,中性粒细胞CD162、CXCR2和CXCR4的MFI水平联合评估MP重症感染的曲线下面积为0.881(95%CI:0.801～0.961),mRNA含量...     

Calcium intake in the elderly: validation of a dietary questionnaire

Epidemiological studies of calcium and osteoporosis have been hampered by the lack of a suitable tool for assessing calcium intake. This report describes a new frequency and amount questionnaire for measuring present and past calcium intake in the elderly. The validity of the questionnaire was tested against two commonly used standards of dietary assessment, five-day duplicate diets and seven-day weighed dietary inventories. The resulting correlation coefficients were, respectively, r = 0.76 and r = 0.69, while that for repeatability was r = 0.84. Furthermore, the questionnaire categorized subjects into thirds of the distribution of intake with almost no gross misclassification. It is suggested that the present findings may be extended to the majority of normal, healthy elderly subjects, implying wide application for the questionnaire in the assessment of calcium intake in the elderly.     

The occurrence of antimicrobial substances in toilet,sink and shower drainpipes of clinical units: A neglected source of antibiotic residues

Antibiotics represent one of the most important drug groups used in the management of bacterial infections in humans and animals. Due to the increasing problem of antibiotic resistance, assurance of the antibacterial effectiveness of these substances has moved into the focus of public health. The reduction in antibiotic residues in wastewater and the environment may play a decisive role in the development of increasing rates of antibiotic resistance. The present study examines the wastewater of 31 patient rooms of various German clinics for possible residues of antibiotics, as well as the wastewater of five private households as a reference.To the best of our knowledge, this study shows for the first time that in hospitals with high antibiotic consumption rates, residues of these drugs can be regularly detected in toilets, sink siphons and shower drains at concentrations ranging from 0.02?μg·L^?1 to a maximum of 79?mg·L^?1. After complete flushing of the wastewater siphons, antibiotics are no longer detectable, but after temporal stagnation, the concentration of the active substances in the water phases of respective siphons increases again, suggesting that antibiotics persist through the washing process in biofilms. This study demonstrates that clinical wastewater systems offer further possibilities for the optimization of antibiotic resistance surveillance.     

Self-reported health problems among Swedish miners one year after unemployment

Unemployment is considered to be a public health concern sincedeterioration in the health of the unemployed is often anticipated.However, for some groups, such as miners, unemployment mightimprove health due to a cessation of potentially harmful occupationalexposures. This study evaluates the health of 79 miners in oneSwedish iron-ore mine, and 226 age-matched controls from thegeneral population, during one year after the closure of themine. The participants received a questionnaire regarding medicalhistory and subjective symptoms at the beginning of the studyperiod, and after one year. Statistically significant negativeeffects on self-reported health attributable to unemploymentwere not found, although neuropsychiatric symptoms were morecommon among the unemployed miners. The miners reported a statisticallysignificant improvement in grip force (p=0.031). They had asignificantly higher prevalence of symptoms associated withmining related exposures when compared with the population controls;pain in the upper extremities [relative risk (RR)=2.27, 95%confidence interval (Cl)=1.44–3.59), back pain (RR=1.84;Cl=1.237–2.75), vasospastic disease of the fingers (RR=2.05;Cl=1.18–3.57) and obstructive respiratory symptoms (attacksof dyspnea and wheezing: RR=3.67; Cl=1.167–11.6).     

Excès de cas humains et animaux de tularémie en France au cours de l’hiver 2007–2008 : émergence ou phénomène isolé ?

Context

Tularemia is a zoonosis affecting humans and hares in France. We describe the results of surveillance in both species, in 2007 and 2008.

Methods

Human tularemia cases are mandatorily notifiable in France since 2003. In hares, surveillance relies on volunteer hunter associations in all districts of the country. Data from mandatory reports and volunteer surveillance in 2007/2008 were analyzed and compared with previous results.

Results

In 2007/2008, 144 cases were reported in humans and 117 cases in hares. This was a 100% increase compared to previous years. Human cases differed from those of previous years only by the frequency of contact with breeding animals. Human cases without any documented risk exposure were also more frequent.

Conclusion

An increase of tularemia cases occurred in 2007/2008 in both species. Complementary studies are needed to identify the species reservoir in France to understand the causes of this peak of cases.     

深圳公立医院管理体制改革制度设计

深圳公立医院管理体制改革实行政事分开、管办分开,在理事会架构下按法定机构模式组建市医管中心,落实公立医院运营管理自主权.作者从当前公立医院管理体制的弊端入手,介绍了深圳市进行公立医院管理体制改革的基本思路及改革方案设计的主要举措,深入剖析了的改革方案的特点,并对改革效果进行了预测.     

Effects of nitrogen dioxide on red blood cells of rats: Changes in components of red cell membranes during in vivo exposure to NO2

Red cell membranes, prepared from red blood cells of rats exposed to 4, 10, or 20 ppm nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) for 1 to 10 days, were examined for evidence of changes in membrane components. Appreciable changes were not found in contents of phospholipid and cholesterol during exposure to 10 ppm NO₂. By contrast, protein content altered with the time of exposure. Moreover, changes in protein composition were observed by employing sodium dodecyl sulfate — polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Twenty-four-hour exposure to NO₂ at the concentration above 10 ppm resulted in a marked increase in the percentage of lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LysoPE) to the total phospholipids. The prolonged exposure to 10 ppm NO₂ gave rise to a further increase in LysoPE, whereas the percentage of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) showed a gradual decrease. A 1-day exposure to 4.0 ppm NO₂ also caused an increase in sialic acid content and decreases in those of PE and hexose. In addition to contents of these components the percentage of LysoPE increased 5 days after exposure and the elevated values were maintained up to the end of exposure period. These results demonstrate that red blood cells in circulation exhibit different membrane properties in terms of lipid and carbohydrate composition during 10 days of exposure to 4.0 ppm NO₂.     

Occupational health hazards in mining: an overview

This review article outlines the physical, chemical, biological, ergonomic and psychosocial occupational health hazards of mining and associated metallurgical processes. Mining remains an important industrial sector in many parts of the world and although substantial progress has been made in the control of occupational health hazards, there remains room for further risk reduction. This applies particularly to traumatic injury hazards, ergonomic hazards and noise. Vigilance is also required to ensure exposures to coal dust and crystalline silica remain effectively controlled.     

Manufacture and use of nanomaterials: current status in the UK and global trends

This paper provides an overview of the production and use of nanomaterials (NMs), particularly in the UK. Currently, relatively few companies in the UK are identifiable as NM manufacturers, the main emphasis being the bulk markets in metals and metal oxides, and some niche markets such as carbon nanotubes and quantum dots. NM manufacturing in the UK does not reflect the global emphasis on fullerenes, nanotubes and fibres. Some assumptions have been made about the types of NM that are likely to be imported into the UK, which currently include fullerenes, modified fullerenes and other carbon-based NMs including nanotubes. Many university departments, spin-offs and private companies have developed processes for the manufacture of NMs but may only be producing small quantities for research and development (R&D) purposes. However, some have the potential to scale up to produce large quantities. The nanotechnology industry in the UK has strong R&D backup from universities and related institutions. This review has covered R&D trends at such institutions, and appropriate information has been added to a searchable database. While several companies are including NMs in their products, only a few (e.g. manufacturers of paints, coatings, cosmetics, catalysts, polymer composites) are using nanoparticles (NPs) in any significant quantities. However, this situation is likely to change rapidly. There is a need to collect more information about exposure to NPs in both manufacturing and user scenarios. As the market grows, and as manufacturers switch from the micro- to the nanoscale, the potential for exposure will increase. More research is required to quantify any risks to workers and consumers.     

Investigating clusters in the workplace and beyond

Clusters of disease are common and occur in the workplace and in the general community. They often arouse considerable concern among the population. Investigations have sometimes lead to exciting new knowledge, but in general the investigation of clusters is difficult and often unrewarding, especially for community clusters. In the workplace, investigations are more likely to find associations and even new causes, but still many clusters remain enigmatic. Despite this, there are many reasons for investigating clusters, including allaying community concern and identifying uncontrolled exposures. A structure for investigating clusters in the workplace is suggested.