上肩胛悬吊带复合体双重损伤的临床分型和手术治疗策略

目的 探讨上肩胛悬吊带复合体(superior shoulder suspensory complex,SSSC)双重损伤的临床分型和手术治疗策略.方法 回顾性分析2006年5月至2008年3月收治的SSSC双重损伤患者15例,男13例,女2例.年龄20～55岁,平均40.1岁.12例患者接受手术治疗,3例患者因严重合并伤接受保守治疗.根据Goss对SSSC的定义,将其双重损伤分为4型:Ⅰ型,肩胛颈骨折合并同侧锁骨中1/3骨折,共7例,5例接受锁骨骨折及肩胛颈骨折切开复位内固定术;Ⅱ型,喙突-喙锁韧带-锁骨连接体(C4连接)损伤,共1例,肩锁关节脱位行锁骨钩钢板固定,喙突骨折行空心拉力螺钉固定;Ⅲ型,喙突-肩胛盂上部分-肩峰联合部损伤,共6例,5例接受手术治疗,肩峰骨折行小"T"形钢板固定,喙突骨折行空心拉力螺钉固定;Ⅳ型,肩峰-肩锁关节-锁骨外1/3损伤,共1例,肩峰骨折行克氏针张力带固定,锁骨外1/3骨折行锁骨钩钢板固定.结果 15例患者均获得13.2(6～24)个月随访,骨折全部愈合,平均愈合时间10.2(8～12)周.手术组随访结果Constant-Murley评分平均91.3(70～100)分,Rowe评分平均92.9(80～100)分,Herscovici评分平均14.6(12～16)分.保守组Constant-Murley评分平均58.3(55～60)分,Rowe评分平均50(35～60)分,Herscovici评分平均6.7(4～9)分.结论 根据Goss对SSSC的定义对其双重损伤进行分型,并以此分型选择合适的手术方法治疗可获得满意疗效.手术治疗应以恢复SSSC的完整性和稳定性为目标来选择进行一处还是两处切开复位内固定,通常需行两处复位内固定.     

不稳定肩胛颈骨折的手术治疗

目的 探讨不稳定肩胛颈骨折的手术治疗方法及疗效. 方法对2001年6月至2007年11月手术治疗且获得随访的13例不稳定肩胛颈骨折患者资料进行回顾性分析,其中男10例,女3例;左侧8例,右侧5例.单纯肩胛颈解剖颈骨折8例,肩胛颈骨折同时合并肩关节悬吊复合体损伤5例.手术采用肩关节后方入路,于因下肌与小测肌间隙进入,沿肩胛骨外缘到肩胛颈后方,复位固定肩胛颈骨折,同时固定合并的锁骨骨折、肩锁关节脱位及肩峰骨折.本组12例周定肩胛颈骨折的患者术前关节孟均向上倾斜,平均22.7°.采用Constant-Murley绝对值评分方法评价疗效. 结果 13例患者术后获平均45.1个月(10～90个月)随访.Constant-Mudey绝对值评分平均为81.2分(40～98分),平均前屈上举147.7°;优6例,良3例,可2例,差2例.术后12例固定肩胛颈骨折患者关节面向上倾斜平均为5.0°. 结论肩胛颈骨折的移位程度是影响预后的主要因素,采用肩关节后方入路复位固定移位的肩胛颈骨折可获得良好的临床效果.     

切开复位重建钢板内固定治疗移位性肩胛颈骨折

目的探讨切开复位重建钢板内固定治疗移位性肩胛颈骨折疗效。方法采用切开复位重建钢板内固定治疗11例移位性肩胛颈骨折,记录术后近期并发症、骨折愈合时间和肩关节功能。结果所有患者术后切口Ⅰ期愈合,摄X线片显示骨折达到解剖复位或接近解剖复位标准,肩盂倾斜角度正常。全部得到随访,随访时间12～24个月,平均15个月。骨折均愈合,愈合时间6～10周,平均8周。无创伤性关节炎、异位骨化、肩峰撞击等并发症。根据Hardegger功能评定标准：本组优良率90.9%。结论采用切开复位重建钢板内固定治疗移位性肩胛颈骨折可获得良好的临床效果。     

锁骨骨折合并同侧肩胛颈骨折的治疗体会

目的：探讨锁骨骨折合并同侧肩胛颈骨折的治疗方法。方法：对1998年10月－2002年2月收治的8例病人，采用锁骨骨折切开复位加压钢板内固定，肩胛颈骨折视复位情况而行肩外展支架固定或切开复位钢板内固定。结果：8例均得到随访，平均随访时间2年10个月，依据Herscovici功能评定标准，优6例，良2例。结论：锁骨骨折合并同侧肩胛颈骨折属不稳定骨折，应行锁骨骨折切开复位加压钢板内固定，以恢复肩悬吊骨性结构的稳定，肩胛颈骨折视复位情况应行外或内固定。     

不稳定性肩胛颈骨折的治疗

目的探讨不稳定性肩胛颈骨折非手术治疗和手术治疗的临床效果.方法根据不稳定性肩胛颈骨折的临床表现,对29例不稳定性肩胛颈骨折分别采用非手术治疗或手术切开复位内固定治疗.应用重建钢板或与拉力螺钉合用固定肩胛骨骨折,克氏针或重建钢板固定锁骨或肩峰骨折.结果29例随访7～63个月,平均19.4个月,肩胛骨或锁骨骨折全部骨性愈合.根据美国肩肘关节协会评分标准(ASES),非手术治疗组的肩关节功能评分为35～100分,平均为81.5分;手术组为61～100分,平均为89.1分.结论根据不稳定性肩胛颈骨折中的关节盂骨折块的稳定程度,可将其分为关节盂骨折块绝对不稳定和相对不稳定两类.第一类应尽早手术治疗,第二类如果关节盂移位不超过10 mm、成角不超过40°应首选非手术治疗.     

浮肩损伤

目的探讨浮肩损伤（floating shoulder injuries,FSI）的临床特征及治疗方法.方法回顾分析1999年6月至2005年6月收治的36例FSI的临床资料,其中肩胛颈骨折合并同侧锁骨骨折31例、肩锁关节脱位5例.患者均有不同程度的合并损伤,其中肋骨骨折、血气胸和（或）肺挫伤占88.9%.伤后至手术时间为3～43 d,平均9.6 d.术中首先复位固定锁骨骨折或肩锁关节脱位,然后采用改良Judet后方入路处理肩胛颈骨折.肩胛颈骨折合并锁骨骨折或肩锁关节脱位行一期内固定33例,术中仅固定锁骨骨折3例.结果术后随访6～69个月,平均19.7个月.肩胛颈骨折在目标区上均获解剖复位.根据Constant和Murley的疗效标准,术后肩关节功能评分为9～100分,平均81.3分,中位数为93%.按照Herscovici的疗效标准,优25例（69.4%）,良6例（16.7%）,可4例（11.1%）,差1例（2.8%）,疗效优良率为86.1%.术后复发血气胸1例,肩关节外展受限、肩峰下间隙疼痛3例,迟发性肩胛上神经损伤1例,肩关节不稳定继发创伤性关节炎1例.结论FSI使肩胛颈的解剖结构及其上方悬吊装置受到双重破坏,非手术治疗难以纠正不稳定型FSI的三维移位,早期切开复位内固定可取得满意疗效.     

腋窝入路肩胛盂前缘骨折复位固定的应用解剖学及临床研究

目的探讨腋窝入路肩胛盂前缘骨折复位固定的可行性及临床疗效。方法取两具新鲜成人大体标本(4侧肩关节), 模拟经腋窝入路行肩胛盂前缘骨折切开复位内固定手术。标本置于侧卧位, 于腋后线切开, 经背阔肌前侧肌肉间隙显露肩胛骨侧方, 分离并保护腋神经、旋肱后动脉、胸背神经及旋肩胛动脉等周围重要组织。腋窝入路下术野分为上侧"四边区"及下侧"三边区", 可显露肩胛盂前下侧、肩胛颈及肩胛骨外侧缘全长。2018年4月至2020年12月采用腋窝入路肩胛盂切开复位内固定术治疗肩胛盂前缘骨折13例, 男7例、女6例;年龄(50.38±13.74)岁(范围24～67岁);右肩12例、左肩1例, 均为IdebergⅠa型骨折。采用解剖型支撑钢板固定5例、空心螺钉联合掌骨钢板固定7例、桡骨远端钢板固定1例。术后采用Constant-Murley评分、上肢功能评分(disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand, DASH)评价临床疗效。结果全部病例均获得随访, 随访时间(13.00±5.97)个月(范围6～26个月)。骨折均在6个月内愈合, 无延迟愈合及畸形愈合。术后3个月Co...     

肩关节上方悬吊复合体损伤的手术治疗

目的探讨手术治疗肩关节上方悬吊复合体(SSSC)损伤的方法和疗效。方法收治SSSC损伤患者18例,其中肩胛颈骨折伴锁骨中远段粉碎性骨折6例,肩胛颈骨折伴肩峰骨折5例,锁骨远端粉碎性骨折伴肩峰及关节盂骨折2例,均行切开复位内固定术;肩锁关节完全脱位伴喙锁韧带完全断裂3例,行钩钢板固定及韧带修复;肩胛颈粉碎性骨折伴肩锁关节脱位1例,锁骨远端粉碎性骨折伴喙锁韧带断裂1例,均行切开复位内固定术及韧带修复。结果所有患者均获得随访,平均9个月(3~14个月),均解剖复位并愈合,骨折愈合时间平均8.6周(7~12周)。Constant-Murley评分为72~100分,平均91分,其中优11例,良4例,中3例,优良率为83.3%。结论 SSSC损伤解剖结构复杂,手术以内固定治疗为主,可恢复其稳定性,治疗效果良好。     

肩峰骨折的分型方法及治疗

目的 探讨肩峰骨折的分型方法及治疗.方法 自2006年8月至2008年8月共收治14例肩峰骨折患者,男11例,女3例;年龄17～65岁,平均49.4岁.肩峰骨折按照Ogawa分型:Ⅰ型3例,Ⅱ型7例,Ⅲ型4例.有5例肩峰骨折属于上肩胛悬吊带复合损伤一部分,其中复合损伤属于肩峰-肩锁关节-锁骨远端3例,锁骨中段-肩峰-肩胛骨外科颈1例,锁骨-喙突-肩胛盂上1/3和肩峰基底部三部位联合损伤1例.共8例患者接受手术治疗,其中肩峰骨折接受手术治疗5例:空心拉力螺钉固定Ⅰ型1例,3.5 mm斜T型锁定接骨板固定Ⅱ型3例,锁定重建接骨板固定Ⅲ型1例.结果 手术组8例,平均随访13.8个月(12～18个月).接受手术患者的肩峰骨折均获得解剖复位,骨性愈合,无内固定物松动等并发症发生,末次随访Constant评分平均84.7分.保守治疗组6例,平均随访15.5个月(14～18个月),肩峰骨折均获骨性愈合,末次随访Constant评分平均71.7分.结论 通过对孤立性的移位明显的肩峰骨折或肩峰骨折属于上肩胛悬吊带多重损伤一部分进行手术治疗可以取得良好疗效.Ogawa分型结合上肩胛悬吊带复合体损伤理论能指导肩峰骨折的治疗,实用性强.     

浮肩损伤的手术治疗

目的 探讨浮肩损伤的临床特征及手术疗效.方法 19例浮肩损伤,其中肩胛骨解剖颈骨折1例,外科颈骨折10例,横形骨折3例,混合型肩胛颈骨折5例.锁骨干骨折11例,锁骨远端骨折4例,肩锁关节Ⅲ度以上脱位4例.患者均有不同程度的合并损伤,本组均采用锁骨上缘切口及Judet入路开复位内固定治疗.结果 19例随访4～55个月,平均15.2个月.根据Herscovici的疗效标准,优15例,良2例,可1例.患者肩关节的功能评分为4～16分,平均13.4分.结论 FSI使维持肩关节的稳定结构破坏,非手术治疗常难以恢复移动FSI的序列关系,手术治疗可取得满意疗效.     

维生素D受体在糖尿病肾病足细胞损伤及蛋白尿缓解中的作用

目的探讨维生素D受体(VDR)在糖尿病肾病(DKD)足细胞中的表达水平及在足细胞损伤及蛋白尿缓解中的作用。方法(1)本研究纳入了65例诊断患有2型糖尿病(伴或不伴蛋白尿)的患者,并纳入了25例年龄和性别相匹配的健康体检者为对照组。根据白蛋白/肌酐(ACR)的尿排泄比例对2型糖尿病患者进行分组,分别为无蛋白尿(ACR<30 mg/g,n=24)、微量白蛋白尿(ACR 30~300 mg/g,n=18)和临床蛋白尿(ACR>300 mg/g,n=23)。另选择25例经肾活检确诊的DKD患者作为DKD组。正常肾脏组织标本均取自泌尿外科同一时期肾脏肿瘤切除患者10例。将各组检测指标进行对比,同时采用实时定量PCR、ELISA法和免疫组化法检测VDR在各组患者的血液、尿液样本和肾脏组织中的表达情况,以及使用Pearson相关分析分析VDR与尿蛋白的相关性。(2)在2型糖尿病肾病小鼠模型中对上述结果进行验证,将遗传背景均为C57BLKs/J的雄性db/db小鼠及同窝出生的db/m小鼠,随机分为正常对照组(A组)、DKD对照组(B组)、DKD二甲基亚砜处理组(C组)、DKD帕立骨化醇(VDR激动剂)处理组(D组),C、D组连续腹腔注射处理8周,对照组不做任何处理。小鼠10周龄时开始连续干预8周,在小鼠22周龄(开始干预后12周)检测各组小鼠体重、血、尿生化指标对比;Western印迹法检测β⁃catenin、VDR的变化;免疫荧光观察足细胞标志蛋白podocin及足细胞损伤蛋白α⁃SMA的表达变化。结果(1)与正常健康对照组相比,无蛋白尿组、微量白蛋白尿组和临床蛋白尿组的糖尿病患者血浆中VDR的mRNA和蛋白水平均较低(均P<0.05);与无蛋白尿组的糖尿病患者相比,微量白蛋白尿组和临床蛋白尿组的糖尿病患者血浆中VDR的mRNA和蛋白水平均较低(均P<0.05)。(2)与正常健康对照组相比,无蛋白尿糖尿病组和DKD组患者血浆中VDR的mRNA和蛋白水平均较低(均P<0.05);与无蛋白尿糖尿病组患者相比,DKD组患者血浆中VDR的mRNA和蛋白水平亦较低(均P<0.05)。(3)免疫组化结果显示,DKD组肾组织中VDR的表达明显少于正常对照组。(4)DKD患者血浆中VDR mRNA相对水平与ACR呈负相关(r=-0.342,P<0.05)。(5)各组尿液上清液中VDR的水平与血浆中的水平呈相反趋势。(6)Western印迹结果显示,B组、C组肾小球足细胞β⁃catenin蛋白表达高于D组(均P<0.05),VDR蛋白的表达低于D组(均P<0.05);免疫荧光结果显示,B组、C组肾小球足细胞podocin的表达低于D组(均P<0.05),α⁃SMA的表达高于D组(均P<0.05)。结论VDR高表达缓解DKD足细胞损伤及蛋白尿。     

Anterior Interosseous Nerve Palsy After Shoulder Arthroscopy Treated With Surgical Decompression: A Case Series and Systematic Review of the Literature

Background: Anterior interosseous nerve (AIN) palsy is a very uncommon cause of upper extremity pain and weakness that comprises less than 1% of all upper extremity nerve palsies. Rarely reported but also mentioned in the literature is AIN palsy after shoulder arthroscopy. Methods: A systematic review of the literature to date using PubMed was conducted to identify patients who suffered AIN palsy after shoulder arthroscopy procedures. Articles included met the following criteria: (1) published in English; (2) primary presentation of the data; (3) patients had undergone shoulder arthroscopy before developing symptoms of AIN palsy; and (4) diagnosis was confirmed with clinical symptoms of AIN palsy. Measured outcomes included patient demographics, specific shoulder procedure, anesthesia procedure, intra-operative patient positioning, intra-operative compressive dressing, intra-operative traction, surgical versus conservative treatment, abnormal findings during decompression procedure, proposed mechanism of injury, and follow-up. Results: The search yielded 6 articles, of which 4 (13 cases) met inclusion criteria. An additional 2 cases were included in this report totaling 15 cases. The average patient age was 49 years (range: 31-64) with 73% males. At average follow-up of 24 months, 67% of patients experienced complete resolution of symptoms—more than half of which underwent surgical decompression. Patients who failed to progress experienced weakness of the flexor digitorum profundus and flexor pollicis longus muscles. Conclusions: Proposed injury mechanisms for AIN palsy after shoulder arthroscopy range from mechanical trauma, compressive hematoma, and direct anesthetic neurotoxicity. Management should be directed by clinical symptoms, imaging, and patient factors with majority of patients expected to have excellent clinical outcomes.     

不同尿钙水平的Gitelman综合征患者临床特点比较

目的观察不同尿钙水平Gitelman综合征(GS)患者的临床特点,探讨尿钙在GS疾病临床分型中的价值。方法收集2016—2018年来自中国国家罕见病注册系统(NRSC)、在北京协和医院行SLC12A3基因检测诊断为GS患者的临床资料,分析其尿钙特点,比较不同尿钙水平患者的临床和实验室检查指标。氢氯噻嗪试验按照标准操作流程进行,测定患者基线和用药后3 h内氯离子排泄分数改变量的最大值(ΔFECl)。结果共有83例GS患者被纳入研究,其中低尿钙患者53例(63.86%)。低尿钙组尿钙/肌酐比明显低于非低尿钙组[(0.085±0.058)mmol/mmol比(0.471±0.284)mmol/mmol,t=7.349,P<0.001]。两组患者在年龄、性别、估算肾小球滤过率、血压、血尿电解质水平、代谢性碱中毒方面差异均无统计学意义。低尿钙组患者乏力(χ2=4.595,P=0.032)及多尿(χ2=5.778,P=0.016)发生比例低于非低尿钙组,两组患者在其他临床症状方面差异无统计学意义。低尿钙和非低尿钙组各有16例患者行氢氯噻嗪试验,中位ΔFECl结果分别为0.539%(0.430%,1.283%)和0.829%(0.119%,1.298%),均提示对氢氯噻嗪无反应,组间差异无统计学意义(U=130.000,P=0.956)。结论GS患者中低尿钙比例为63.86%,尿钙水平与疾病临床表型、NCC功能损伤严重程度之间均无明确相关性。     

Role of Conventional and Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Spinal Treatment Protocol for Hydatid Disease

Objective:

To demonstrate the role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in determining the treatment protocol for hydatid disease of the spine.

Design:

Case report; literature review.

Findings:

Diffusion-weighted MRI can help differentiate complicated infected hydatidosis from abscesses, epidermoid cysts from arachnoid cysts, and benign from malignant vertebral compression fractures. It is also helpful in differentiating between abscesses and necrotic tumors.

Conclusion:

Diffusion-weighted MRI can help differentiate between infections requiring immediate surgery and those that can be treated medically with antihelmintic treatment.     

Fibrinogen-thrombin collagen patch reinforcement of highrisk colonic anastomoses in rats

AIM To evaluate the effectiveness of human fibrinogenthrombin collagen patch(TachoSil~?) in the reinforcement of high-risk colon anastomoses.METHODS A quasi-experimental study was conducted in Wistar rats(n = 56) that all underwent high-risk anastomoses(anastomosis with only two sutures) after colectomies. The rats were divided into two randomized groups: Control group(24 rats) and treatment group(24 rats). In the treatment group, high-risk anastomosis was reinforced with TachoSil~? (a piece of Tacho Sil? was applied over this high-risk anastomosis, covering the gap). Leak incidence, overall survival, intra-abdominal adhesions, and histologic healing of anastomoses were analyzed. Survivors were divided into two subgroups and euthanized at 15 and 30 d after intervention in order to analyze the adhesions and histologic changes. RESULTS Overall survival was 71.4% and 57.14% in the TachoSil~? group and control group, respectively(P = 0.29); four rats died from other causes and six rats in the treatment group and 10 in the control group experienced colonic leakage(P 0.05). The intra-abdominal adhesion score was similar in both groups, with no differences between subgroups. We found non-significant differences in the healing process according to the histologic score used in both groups(P = 0.066).CONCLUSION In our study, the use of TachoSil~? was associated with a non-statistically significant reduction in the rate of leakage in high-risk anastomoses. TachoSil~? has been shown to be a safe product because it does not affect the histologic healing process or increase intra-abdominal adhesions.     

Fluorescence in the Sclera,Nails, and Teeth Secondary to Favipiravir Use for COVID-19 Infections

Favipiravir, an antiviral agent originally used for influenza infections, has become popular due to its beneficial signals in coronavirus disease. It is currently used in some countries within COVID-19 treatment protocols. This is an initial report of favipiravir-related fluorescence observed in three healthcare providers working in the same ward in our hospital. All three individuals had been diagnosed with COVID-19 two months earlier and were treated with favipiravir. None of the three individuals received hydroxychloroquine or tetracyclines. Wood’s light examination led to an incidental discovery of favipiravir-induced fluorescence involving the sclera, nails, and teeth. In all patients, white linear, square, and band-like specks of fluorescence were noticed on the sclera of both eyes, some teeth, and the proximal part of all fingernails and toenails. Exposure of the eyes to the Wood’s light was for a brief duration of 3 to 5 seconds during examination and photodocumentation. Favipiravir might cause bright white fluorescence of nails, sclera, and teeth, detectable by Wood’s light even two months after its cessation.     

Safety and tolerability of single intravenous doses of sugammadex administered simultaneously with rocuronium or vecuronium in healthy volunteers

BACKGROUND: Sugammadex rapidly reverses rocuronium- and vecuronium-induced neuromuscular block. To investigate the effect of combination of sugammadex and rocuronium or vecuronium on QT interval, it would be preferable to avoid the interference of anaesthesia. Therefore, this pilot study was performed to investigate the safety, tolerability, and plasma pharmacokinetics of single i.v. doses of sugammadex administered simultaneously with rocuronium or vecuronium to anaesthetized and non-anaesthetized healthy volunteers. METHODS: In this phase I study, 12 subjects were anaesthetized with propofol/remifentanil and received sugammadex 16, 20, or 32 mg kg(-1) combined with rocuronium 1.2 mg kg(-1) or vecuronium 0.1 mg kg(-1); four subjects were not anaesthetized and received sugammadex 32 mg kg(-1) with rocuronium 1.2 mg kg(-1) or vecuronium 0.1 mg kg(-1) (n=2 per treatment). Neuromuscular function was assessed by TOF-Watch SX monitoring in anaesthetized subjects and by clinical tests in non-anaesthetized volunteers. Sugammadex, rocuronium, and vecuronium plasma concentrations were measured at several time points. RESULTS: No serious adverse events (AEs) were reported. Fourteen subjects reported 23 AEs after study drug administration. Episodes of mild headache, tiredness, cold feeling (application site), dry mouth, oral discomfort, nausea, increased aspartate aminotransferase and gamma-glutamyltransferase levels, and moderate injection site irritation were considered as possibly related to the study drug. The ECG and vital signs showed no clinically relevant changes. Rocuronium/vecuronium plasma concentrations declined faster than those of sugammadex. CONCLUSIONS: Single-dose administration of sugammadex 16, 20, or 32 mg kg(-1) in combination with rocuronium 1.2 mg kg(-1) or vecuronium 0.1 mg kg(-1) was well tolerated with no clinical evidence of residual neuromuscular block, confirming that these combinations can safely be administered simultaneously to non-anaesthetized subjects. Rocuronium and vecuronium plasma concentrations decreased faster than those of sugammadex, reducing the theoretical risk of neuromuscular block developing over time.     

罗伊适应模式对腹股沟疝无张力疝修补术后恢复情况的影响

目的探讨罗伊适应模式对患者腹股沟疝无张力疝修补术后恢复情况的影响。 方法将2016年1月至2019年5月在秦皇岛市第二医院择期进行无张力修补术治疗的120例腹股沟疝患者，按照随机数字法分为对照组和观察组，每组各60例。对照组采用常规护理治疗，观察组在对照组的基础上采用罗伊适应模式。比较2组患者的术后临床指标、心理状态、围手术期并发症发生情况及满意度。 结果术后观察组患者的首次排气时间、恢复正常饮食时间、离床活动时间和术后住院时间均低于对照组（P<0.05）；术后观察组患者的抑郁自评量表（SDS）和焦虑自评量表（SAS）评分显著低于对照组（P<0.05）；术后2组患者均无切口感染发生，2组患者尿潴留、急性疼痛、认知功能障碍、发热、血肿等发生率相比无统计学差异（P>0.05）；术后观察组患者护理满意度为96.67%，显著高于对照组的83.33%（P<0.05）。 结论在常规护理的基础上，罗伊适应模式用于患者腹股沟疝无张力修补围手术期，能有效改善术后患者的焦虑/抑郁情绪，不增加围手术期并发症，促进术后患者的恢复及提高治疗满意度。     

Factors Associated With Reoperation After Silicone Proximal Interphalangeal Joint Arthroplasty

Background: Silicone proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint arthroplasty has a high revision rate. It has been suggested that persistent ulnar deviation and joint instability influence the durability of PIP silicone arthroplasties. The goal of this study was to evaluate what factors are associated with reoperation after silicone PIP arthroplasty. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated all adult patients who underwent PIP silicone arthroplasty between 2002 and 2016 at one institutional system for inflammatory-, posttraumatic-, and primary degenerative arthritis. After manual chart review, we included 91 patients who underwent 114 arthroplasties. Fingers operated included 14 index, 41 middle, 38 ring, and 21 small fingers. Results: The overall reoperation rate was 14% (n = 16). Non-Caucasian race (P = .040), smoking (P = .022) and PIP silicone arthroplasty for post-traumatic osteoarthritis (P = .021) were associated with reoperation. The 1-, 5- and 10-year implant survival rates were 87%, 85%, and 85%, respectively. Conclusion: Caution should be exercised when considering PIP silicone arthroplasty of the index finger or in patients with post-traumatic osteoarthritis. It may be worthwhile addressing smoking behavior before pursuing silicone PIP arthroplasty.     

血浆凝血因子VIII水平与IgA肾病患者临床病理改变及预后的关系

目的探讨血浆凝血因子VIII(factor VIII,FVIII)水平与IgA肾病(IgAN)患者临床参数及预后的关系。方法收集2016年1月至2016年12月中南大学湘雅二医院确诊的IgAN患者的临床资料。按照时间依赖的受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)得出的血浆FVIII预测IgAN预后的临界值,将患者分为高FVIII组(FVIII>140.50%)和低FVIII组(FVIII≤140.50%),比较两组患者肾活检时基线临床参数的差异。以估算肾小球滤过率(eGFR)下降≥30%或进入终末期肾脏病(ESRD)为终点事件,采用Kaplan-Meier生存曲线及Cox回归方程法分析血浆FVIII水平对IgAN患者预后的影响。结果共93例IgAN患者纳入本研究,中位随访时间为35.15(33.77,36.76)个月,12例(12.90%)患者发生终点事件。高FVIII组患者年龄、血肌酐、尿素氮、血三酰甘油、血总胆固醇、血浆纤维蛋白原、D-二聚体、24 h尿蛋白量、蛋白C、蛋白S和eGFR下降速率高于低FVIII组(均P<0.05);eGFR、血白蛋白、中位随访时间低于低FVIII组(均P<0.05)。Kaplan-Meier生存分析结果显示,与低FVIII组比较,高FVIII组患者肾脏累积生存率降低(χ2=5.635,P=0.018)。在校正收缩压、eGFR、尿蛋白、肾小管萎缩/间质纤维化程度等因素后,多因素Cox回归分析结果显示,高血浆FVIII水平是IgAN患者肾脏预后不良的独立危险因素(HR=4.147,95%CI 1.055~16.308,P=0.042)。结论血浆FVIII水平与IgAN患者临床指标及预后相关,高血浆FVIII水平是IgAN患者肾脏预后不良的独立危险因素。