原发性肝癌伴癌综合征的回顾性分析

目的　探讨原发性肝癌伴癌综合征的发病率及与AFP水平和肿瘤体积大小的相关性。方法　 182例原发性肝癌患者 ,根据有无伴癌综合征表现分为伴癌组与非伴癌组 ,分别比较两组AFP水平及肿瘤体积大小。结果　 182例原发性肝癌患者中 ,3 6例 ( 19.8% )出现伴癌综合征表现 ,其中 3 1例有一种 ,5例有两种。伴癌组平均AFP值及肿瘤体积大小与非伴癌组比较 ,差异有显著意义 (P <0 .0 1)。结论　原发性肝癌可出现一种或多种伴癌综合征 ,AFP水平及肿瘤体积大小可作为原发性肝癌发生伴癌综合征的独立预测指标。     

副肿瘤性天疱疮的研究进展

副肿瘤性天疱疮是累及多系统的与肿瘤伴发的一种自身免疫综合征。该病虽然少见,但如果出现弥漫严重的口腔黏膜糜烂和多形性皮肤损害,就应该怀疑本病的可能,并做全身检查以明确是否存在潜在的肿瘤。目前,其发病机制尚不明确,细胞免疫、体液免疫及肿瘤在其发病中均起了不同程度的作用。     

Paraneoplastic polyarthritis in association with metastatic neuroendocrince tumour of the adrenal gland

Paraneoplastic polyarthritis is a rare manifestation described in association with various solid tumours. We describe the clinical presentation, diagnostic evaluation, differential diagnosis, and management of a 28-year-old woman who presented with fever, weight loss, and symmetrical polyarthritis, subsequently diagnosed to have a metastatic neuroendocrine tumour of the adrenal gland with paraneoplastic polyarthritis. Paraneoplastic polyarthritis must be considered in polyarthritis unexplained by common aetiologies. The unusual presentation of this case, alerts us about the atypical presentation of these tumours. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case study of a neuroendocrine tumour presenting as paraneoplastic polyarthritis.     

神经系统副肿瘤综合征22例临床分析

目的 分析22例神经系统副肿瘤综合征的临床特点.方法 回顾性分析1999年12月～2013年3月于南京医科大学附属脑科医院神经内科住院的22例神经系统副肿瘤综合征患者的临床资料,并结合文献进行分析.结果 22例患者中,周围神经病14例,Lambert-Eaton综合征4例,进行性小脑变性1例,多发性肌炎1例,亚急性小脑变性2例.发现肿瘤者13例,其中肺癌8例,胃癌3例,直肠癌1例,鼻咽癌1例.结论 神经系统副肿瘤综合征临床表现复杂多样,早期诊断对于及时治疗肿瘤至关重要.     

肺癌首发为副癌综合征65例分析

目的探讨肺癌首发症状为副癌综合征病例的临床特点，提高对该病的认识和诊断。方法回顾分析65例肺癌首发为副癌综合征的临床资料。结果①肺癌首发为副癌综合征占同期肺癌住院人数的12，6％(65／517)，其临床表现多样。其中表现为杵状指21例，神经系统征象19例，内分泌系统的表现12例，血栓性静脉炎5例，恶液质6例。首诊误诊率为47，7％。②本组65例中53例有病理及细胞学诊断，其中鳞癌16例，小细胞肺癌14例，腺癌11例，未分化癌6例。③51例接受治疗后27例副癌综合征完全消失，明显减轻18例，无变化或加重6例。结论肺癌首发为副癌综合征者临床表现不典型，易误诊、漏诊。提高对该病的认识有利于提高早期诊断率、观察疗效和估计预后。     

泌尿系统恶性肿瘤副肿瘤综合征的临床特点及意义

目的 探讨泌尿系统恶性肿瘤(肾细胞癌、前列腺癌、膀胱癌)中副肿瘤综合征(PNS)的临床特点和发病率,分析其与预后的相关性.方法 对2008年1月-2009年12月经手术和病理确诊为肾细胞癌的464例住院病例、2005-2010年确诊为前列腺癌的562例和膀胱癌的647例患者进行回顾性住院资料与随访分析.结果 464例肾细胞癌中发生PNS 156例(33.6%),主要表现为贫血(26.3%,41/156)、高血压(24.4%,38/156)、发热(21.8%,34/156)、红细胞增多症(19.2%,30/156)、Stauffer综合征(17.3%,27/156)、食欲不振、乏力、体重减轻(15.4%,24/156)、红细胞沉降率加快(12.8%,20/156)、白细胞增多症(8.3%,13/156)、高钙血症(5.1%,8/156)、糖代谢紊乱(1.9%,3/156)、性激素异常(0.6%,1/156)等.肾细胞癌中发生PNS 156例,肿瘤平均直径5.5 em,其余平均直径4.7(P＜0.01).2例(0.36%,2/562)前列腺癌患者血钾及血糖水平发生异常,均合并多处骨转移,应用全雄激素阻断3个月后血钾及血糖水平恢复正常.在647例膀胱癌患者中尚未发现文献所述PNS表现.结论 泌尿系统恶性肿瘤PNS的发病率由高到低依次为肾细胞癌、前列腺?儋 癌、膀胱癌.PNS的临床表现复杂多样,个别与肿瘤导致异位激素分泌有关,早期诊断后手术切除原发病灶后PNS可消失或有效改善.伴发PNS的患者较不伴发者预后不良.     

20例自身免疫性脑炎的临床特点

目的总结和分析20例自身免疫性脑炎临床表现、实验室及影像学特点、治疗及预后。方法回顾性分析2013年4月至2019年7月北部战区总医院确诊为自身免疫性脑炎患者的临床资料。用SPSS 22.0统计学软件对治疗前及随访时改良Rankin量表评分进行分析。结果 20例自身免疫性脑炎均急性或亚急性起病,临床多以精神异常、癫痫、记忆力减退为首发症状,可出现言语运动障碍、自主神经异常、意识水平下降等症状。3例分别合并亚临床甲状腺功能减低、自身免疫性溶血性贫血、系统性红斑狼疮。2例病理为恶性畸胎瘤。1例病理为小细胞肺癌。1例增强肺CT提示:右肺占位病变。常规脑脊液检查大多数正常。头影像学多以双侧或单侧边缘系统炎症改变。脑电图:发作尖波或慢波,抗NMDAR脑炎可出现异常delta刷。部分患者可复发,复发症状较前轻。经免疫治疗和对症支持治疗后:治疗前中位改良Rankin量表评分为3(3,5)分,随访时中位改良Rankin量表评分为1(0,2)分,差异有统计学意义(Z=3.296,P0.05)。结论自身免疫性脑炎主要表现为边缘叶脑炎或弥漫性脑炎。少数病例可复发。脑脊液大多数正常,抗NMDAR脑炎脑电图可出现delta刷。影像学多为边缘系统炎症改变,可伴有良性或自身免疫性疾病、恶性肿瘤。早期诊断及给予免疫治疗预后较好。     

副肿瘤性天疱疮合并实体肿瘤的危重症患者术后远期结局的影响因素

目的：副肿瘤性天疱疮合并实体肿瘤的重症患者通常需要在手术后收住重症医学科(intensive care unit, ICU)治疗,这类患者的长期死亡率较高。本研究对这类患者的临床特点及远期预后的影响因素进行分析。方法：回顾性分析2005年1月至2020年12月间63例副肿瘤性天疱疮合并实体肿瘤、手术后收住ICU重症患者的临床和实验室资料,并对患者的生存状况进行随访。结果：63例患者中,原发肿瘤为Castleman病的占79.4%,其他病理类型为20.6%;皮损程度在重度-广泛的占69.8%,其他皮损程度占30.2%;合并闭塞性细支气管炎的占44.4%,不合并的占55.6%。23.8%的患者并发术后真菌感染,无真菌感染占76.2%。术后中位随访时间为95个月,25例患者在研究期间死亡,术后1年、3年、5年生存率分别为74.6%(95%CI 63.8%～85.4%)、67.4%(95%CI 55.6%～79.2%)和55.1%(95%CI 47.9%～62.3%)。通过对分类因素采用Log-rank法进行单因素分析结果表明：年龄>40岁(P=0.042)、发病后体质量下降>5 ...     

自主神经紊乱型副肿瘤综合征的研究进展

恶性肿瘤已被世界卫生组织从"绝症"改为"慢性病",也就是说,昔日被视为绝症的癌症,目前已成为可被控制的慢性病。副肿瘤综合征可严重影响肿瘤患者的生存质量。自主神经紊乱型副肿瘤综合征既可与其他副肿瘤综合征并发,也可单独存在,临床并不罕见,近年来逐渐被人们所重视和研究。该文就自主神经紊乱型副肿瘤综合征的临床表现、检查方法、辅助检查及治疗措施予以综述。     

神经系统副肿瘤综合征38例报告

目的了解神经系统副肿瘤综合征（PNS）的临床特点和诊断方法。方法对38例确诊的PNS类型、临床特点和肿瘤标志物、抗神经元抗体以及其他辅助检查进行分析。结果亚急性小脑变性14例．癌性周围神经病15例;原发肿瘤为肺癌者20例;血肿瘤标志物检查异常者占39．4％;血清抗Hu、Yo、Ri抗体阳性者占60．0％。25例经胸部CT扫描发现肺癌或纵隔肿瘤,5例行18F—FDGPET全身扫描提示肺内或纵隔肿瘤。结论亚急性小脑变性和癌性周围神经病是最常见的PNS,同一患者身上可表现多种PNS类型;原发肿瘤以肺癌、胃癌较多。特别是小细胞肺癌。肿瘤诊断多数在PNS症状出现之后。血肿瘤标志物和抗Hu、Yo、Ri抗体检查,胸部CT扫描和,BF—FDGPET全身扫描等对诊断具有重要价值。对高度怀疑PNS者．应随访3年以上．     

神经系统副肿瘤综合征的临床表现分析

目的：分析22例神经系统副肿瘤综合征患者的临床特点。方法：将我院收治的22例神经系统副肿瘤综合征患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果：癌性感觉性周围神经病（PSN）12例,肌无力综合征8例,脊髓压迫症6例,脑干脑炎4例,亚急性小脑变性3例。3例在出现神经系统症状后1周内确诊,3例在1月内确诊,其余16例均在神经病变持续存在数月至数年后经多次检查确诊为肿瘤。结论：神经系统副肿瘤综合征临床表现形式多样,容易误诊,临床早期确诊对于肿瘤的发现和治疗非常重要。     

副肿瘤综合征的研究进展

副肿瘤综合征是指某些癌肿通过远隔作用引起的神经系统功能障碍,癌肿对神经组织并无直接侵犯,症状不局限于神经系统,但往往累及神经系统。其发病机制与自身免疫有关,临床上各种类型的综合征均有相应的特殊肿瘤,诊断分确诊和疑似两种。原发肿瘤的诊断和治疗是关键,免疫抑制剂可能有效。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.