乳突切开术并一期听骨链重建的临床疗效分析

目的：评估乳突切开术并一期行听骨链重建的临床疗效。方法：对2008-01～2011-06期间在我科住院行乳突切开术并一期钛人工听骨植入手术并且有完整随访资料的患者139例进行回顾分析,其中置入部分听骨赝复物（PORP）者91例,置入全听骨赝复物（TORP）者48例,随访时间为2～5年,纯音测听法（PTA）检测患者术前及术后听力,比较手术前后的气导听阈（0．5、1．0、2．0、4．0kHz四个频率气导之平均值）及气骨导差（ABG）,分析钛人工听骨在同期听骨链重建术的听力重建效果。术后ABG≤20dB为听力提高有效。结果：PORP植入患者术前气导平均听阈为（53．97±11．32）dB,术后为（36．80土11．68）dB,平均降低（17．17±5．79）dB;术前ABG平均为（31．84±6．17）dB,术后为（15．13±7．22）dB,平均缩小（16．71±5．50）dB;TORP组患者术前气导平均听阈为（58．05±11．35）dB,术后为（44．53±13．15）dB,平均降低（13．52±7．81）dB;术前ABG平均为（35．67±5．73）dB,术后为（21．48±7．01）dB,平均缩小（14．18±7．53）dB;各组术前术后的差异均有统计学意义（P〈O．01）。PORP组术后ABG≤20dB者（术后听力提高有效）共68例,有效率为74．73％;TORP组术后ABG≤20dB者共26例,有效率为54．13％;总有效率为68．63％,两组之间的差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。结论：乳突切开术并同期钛人工听骨植入取得了良好的听力效果,PORP比TORP的听力改善效果好。     

钛人工听骨应用于开放式鼓室成形术的近期疗效

目的探讨在开放式鼓室成形术中应用钛人工听骨的近期效果。方法回顾性分析2008年1月～2010年12月期间在开放式鼓室成形术中采用钛人工听骨进行听力重建的41例(41耳)患者的临床资料,其中采用部分听骨赝复物(PORP)31例,全部听骨赝复物(TORP)10例,比较手术前及手术后6个月0.5、1.0、2.0和4.0kHz气导平均听阈及气骨导差。结果 41耳术前0.5～4kHz平均气导听阈为56.32±6.53dB HL,术后为41.28±7.62dB HL,较术前降低15.04dB,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术前平均气骨导差(ABG)为30.01±6.11dB,术后为15.47±5.41dB,较术前缩小14.54dB,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中34耳术后ABG小于20dB,听力重建总成功率达82.93%(34/41)。所有手术耳术后均干耳。结论钛人工听骨应用于开放式鼓室成形术听力重建效果好,是适合于鼓室成形术中应用的理想人工听骨。     

经典Wullstein Ⅲ型鼓室成形术在慢性化脓性中耳炎手术中的应用分析

目的：探讨经典Wullstein Ⅲ型鼓室成形术在慢性化脓性中耳炎手术中的适应证及其术后听力效果。方法回顾性分析行开放式Ⅲ型鼓室成形术的患者34例（34耳）,患者均有听骨链破坏而镫骨结构完整,鼓膜内陷与镫骨头或砧骨豆状突直接连接,根据术中是否植入钛合金部分人工听骨（partial ossicular replacement prosthesis,PORP）分为两组, Wullstein Ⅲ型鼓室成形术（Ⅲ型组）11例和植入钛合金部分人工听骨（PORP组）23例。分别比较两组术后0.5、1、2和4 kHz的平均气导听阈、平均气骨导差的变化情况。结果Ⅲ型组患者术前平均气导听阈为46.59±16.60 dB HL,术后为34.89±10.34 dB HL,气导听阈提高11.70±19.30 dB HL;PORP组术前平均气导听阈为44.23±12.31 dB HL,术后为37.08±14.36 dB HL,提高7.14±14.39 dB HL;Ⅲ型组术前平均气骨导差（air-bone gap,ABG）为23.98±13.08 dB HL,术后为16.25±6.98 dB HL,缩小7.73±14.93 dB HL;PORP型组术前平均ABG为26.58±10.27 dB HL,术后为19.40±13.28 dB HL,缩小7.17±13.63 dB HL。两组患者在气导听阈提高值及ABG缩小的差异均无显著统计学意义（P＆gt;0.05）。结论开放式鼓室成形术中,如果鼓膜内陷与镫骨头或砧骨豆状突形成连接,可以予以保留,短期随访术后听力水平与植入PORP重建听骨链的效果相当,长期效果还需随访观察。     

钛合金听骨Ⅰ期听骨链重建临床疗效分析

目的 探讨钛合金听骨赝复物在鼓室成形术中Ⅰ期听力重建的效果.方法 回顾性分析676例2008年6月至2011年1月行开放式鼓室成形伴Ⅰ期听骨链重建术的病例,从中筛选具有完整中长期随访资料者106例(107耳),根据应用钛合金为全部听骨赝复物( total ossicular replacement prosthesis,TORP)或部分听骨赝复物(partial ossicular replacement prosthesis,PORP)将其分为PORP组(86耳)和TORP组(21耳),随访6至30个月,分别比较两组手术前后0.5、1、2、4 kHz纯音气导平均听阈、平均气骨导差的变化及术后听力重建成功率的情况.结果 PORP组术前气导平均听阈为(49.0±12.6)dBHL,术后为(31.3 ±7.1)dBHL,听力平均提高了17.7 dBHL.TORP组术前气导平均听阈为(48.5 ±4.8)dBHL,术后为(29.4 ±4.7)dBHL,听力平均提高了19.1 dBHL.PORP组术前平均气骨导差为(27.0±7.1)dB,术后为(14.5 ±4.6)dB,气骨导差闭合12.5 dB.TORP组术前平均气骨导差为(29.1 ±7.2)dB,术后为(16.3 ±4.2)dB,术后气骨导差闭合12.9 dB.两组听力重建的成功率分别为83.7％和71.4％.两组在听力提高、气骨导差闭合、听力重建成功率等方面差异均无统计学意义(P值均＞0.05).总体听骨假体排出率为0.9％( 1/107).结论 应用钛合金听骨赝复物行鼓室成形术Ⅰ期听力重建,可有效提高听力,其排异率低.     

钛质听小骨在中耳乳突手术中听力重建的疗效观察

目的探讨钛质人工听骨在中耳乳突手术中听骨重建的疗效。方法对50例慢性化脓性中耳炎手术并接受德国宾格钛质人工听小骨植入的患者进行随访。结果50例鼓膜修补后1个月复查均愈合良好,术后5个月发现2例听骨脱出,其中1例合并感染。50耳术前气导听力为36.67~103.33dB,平均为（63.00±18.03）dB;骨导听力10.00~58.00dB,平均为（28.07±14.22）dB。术后气导平均听力为（43.73±17.26）dB,与术前相比,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）。术后骨导平均听力为（27.10±16.25）dB,与术前比较无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。术前气骨导差（ABG）为13.34～50.00dB,平均为（34.53±10.84）dB,术后ABG平均为（17.63±5.12）dB,二者比较,差异有统计学意义（p＜0.01）。术后ABG≤20dB者及ABG较术前缩小15dB为听力提高有效共35耳,有效率为70%（35/50）。结论钛质人工听骨在听骨链重建的鼓室成形术中可以获得良好的听力效果,是一种并发症少,脱出率低,值得推广使用的人工听骨材料。     

钛质人工听骨在一期鼓室成形术中的应用

目的研究钛质人工听骨植入在一期鼓室成形术中的疗效。方法对3 1例用钛质人工听骨行一期鼓室成形术的患者,随访3-6个月。通过计算术前术后纯音测听得出气骨导阈值的平均值,比较手术后气导的恢复情况和手术前后的气骨导差。结果 3 1例患者术后鼓膜愈合良好,未见人工听骨排异反应,及听骨脱出,有1例在术后2个月时发生感染。31耳术前气导听力30.00~88.75dB,平均为(59.27±15.67)dB,术后气导平均听力为(43.10±14.64)dB,与术前相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术前骨导听力为10.00~43.75dB,平均为(23.06±9.18)dB,术后骨导平均听力为(22.82±7.49)dB,与术前相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术前气骨导差(ABG)为11.25~62..5dB,平均为(36.21±11.88)dB,术后ABG平均为(19.40±12.92)dB,二者比较,差异有统计学意义(p<0.05)。术后ABG≤20dB且ABG较术前缩小15dB为听力提高有效,共有13耳,有效率为41.94%(13/31)。结论钛质人工听骨植入在一期鼓室成形术中可以取得满意的听力效果,术后并发症少,排除率低,在有听骨链破坏行Ⅰ期鼓室成形术中值得推广应用。     

510例慢性中耳炎患者人工听骨植入术后听力疗效分析

目的探讨慢性中耳炎患者人工听骨植入术后听力恢复情况。方法对510例(520耳)行人工听骨植入术的慢性化脓性中耳炎和中耳胆脂瘤患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,其中148例(150耳)采用全人工听骨植入(TORP)(TORP组),362例(370耳)采用部分人工听骨植入(PORP)(PORP组),比较TORP组和PORP组术后听力疗效。结果TORP组及PORP组术后12个月的听力分别与术前相比,0.25~4 kHz气导平均听阈和气骨导差均有改善(P<0.05),但术后骨导听阈与术前相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组术后12个月听骨链重建成功率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。TORP组及PORP组术后3个月与术后12个月的骨导平均听阈、气导平均听阈及气骨导差比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论TORP和PORP均可有效改善伴听骨链破坏的慢性化脓性中耳炎及中耳胆脂瘤患者术后听力。     

耳廓全层整片软骨结合外嵌技术在Ⅱ、Ⅲ型鼓室成形术中的应用

目的 探讨耳廓全层整片软骨结合外嵌技术在II、Ⅲ型鼓室成形术中的应用效果。方法 回顾性分析2016年1月～2018年12月在武汉大学人民医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科以耳廓全层整片软骨为移植材料采用外嵌法(将整片软骨置于纤维鼓环外侧,并将部分软骨片嵌顿于鼓切迹)行Ⅱ、Ⅲ型鼓室成形术的160例(165耳)患者的临床资料,年龄18～65岁,平均33.5±9.2岁;其中鼓室硬化98耳,上鼓室胆脂瘤47耳,粘连性中耳炎20耳。术中采用部分听骨赝复物(PORP)重建听力105耳,采用全听骨赝复物(TORP)重建听力60耳,术后随访12～36个月。分析患者术前、术后纯音听阈,耳内镜图像及并发症,观察部分患者术后颞骨CT显示的鼓室含气腔情况。结果 PORP组术前0.5～4 kHz平均气导听阈51.34±10.46 dB HL,平均气骨导差32.88±5.25 dB,术后一年平均气导听阈及气骨导差分别为30.24±8.66 dB HL、13.60±6.18 dB,术后均较术前显著降低(P<0.01);TORP组术前平均气导听阈54.85±9.48 dB HL,平均气骨导差34.59±6.85 dB,术后一...     

钛质人工听骨在开放式乳突根治鼓室成形术中的应用

目的探讨钛质人工听骨在开放式乳突根治鼓室成形术中的应用方法以及对听力的改善作用。方法51例53耳胆脂瘤中耳炎和慢性化脓性中耳炎患者行开放式乳突根治术加I期鼓室成形术,分为两组:人工听骨组28耳,术中使用Spiggle&Theis钛质人工听骨进行听骨链重建(partial ossicular replacement prosthesis,PORP21耳,total ossicular replacement prosthesis,TORP 7耳);非人工听骨组25耳,未使用人工听骨单纯行鼓室成形IIIa型术式。随访1～3年,纯音测听检测两组患者术前、术后的气导听阈及气骨导差(air-bone-gap,ABG),进行统计学分析。结果钛质人工听骨组术前ABG(36.9±11.6)dB,术后(22.4±11.8)dB,平均缩小(13.44±8.8)d B,术前术后相比差异有显著性(t=4.6 1 9 3,P<0.01),无1例出现听骨脱出;非人工听骨组术前ABG(38.5±12.3)dB,术后(31.3±14.4)dB,平均缩小(7.28±8.7)dB,术前术后相比差异无显著性(P>0.05)。钛质人工听骨组听力提高水平明显优于非人工听骨组,差异有显著性(t=2.3015,P<0.05)。结论开放式乳突根治鼓室成形术中使用人工听骨进行听骨链重建,能够提高患者听力,钛质人工听骨组织相容性好,无排斥脱出发生,是较为理想的听力重建材料。     

钛质及陶瓷人工听骨用于闭合式鼓室成形术的疗效比较

目的比较在闭合式鼓室成形术中应用钛质与陶瓷人工听骨的治疗效果。方法回顾性分析2008年1月~2012年12月采用人工听骨进行听力重建的闭合式鼓室成形术150例(155耳)患者的临床资料,其中,钛质听骨组122例(127耳),陶瓷听骨组28例(28耳),术后随访12个月,比较两组术前及术后12个月0.5、1.0、2.0和4.0kHz气导平均听阈及气骨导差(air bone gap,ABG)。结果钛质听骨组术后12个月术耳听力提高>15dB者117耳(92.13%),ABG≤20dB者106耳,手术前后平均气导听阈分别为58.22±4.83、41.82±6.83dB HL,ABG分别为28.57±5.88、13.27±5.82dB,手术后均较术前改善,差异有统计学意义(均为P<0.05),听力重建成功率达83.46%(106/127);陶瓷听骨组听力提高>15dB者5耳(17.86%),ABG≤20dB者3耳(10.71%),手术前后平均气导听阈分别为57.26±5.32、50.67±5.38dB HL,ABG分别为27.95±6.24、21.85±6.54dB,手术前后比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),听力重建成功率为10.71%(3/28)。钛质听骨组疗效明显优于陶瓷听骨组(P<0.05)。结论闭合式鼓室成形术中应用钛质人工听骨行听力重建较陶瓷人工听骨效果好。     

Isolated congenital ossicular anomalies

Conclusions: Isolated congenital ossicular anomalies are diverse. Our proposed modified Teunissen and Cremers classification will be helpful for the evaluation of congenital ossicular anomalies as well as the prediction of surgical outcome. Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe isolated congenital ossicular anomalies encountered in patients who have normal eardrums and to evaluate their surgical outcome based on their classification. Patients and methods: A total of 78 patients (94 ears) with congenital ossicular anomalies were reviewed. The preoperative and postoperative audiological findings, surgical findings, and temporal bone CT results were analyzed. Results: Twenty-one types of ossicular anomalies were identified in this study. A stapes footplate fixation was the most common anomaly and this was usually bilateral. However, the anomalies that were associated with the incus and malleus were usually unilateral. The congenital ossicular anomalies were classified into five types according to the status of the stapes footplate. Using this modification of a prior classification system, the more severe anomalies of the stapes footplate could be identified, and the worst postoperative hearing result could be predicted.     

Triple ossicular fixation.

A technique for overcoming conductive deafness secondary to fixation of all three ossicles is described in detail. This procedure is also applicable to previously fenestrated ears.     

Hearing results in pediatric patients with chronic otitis media after ossicular reconstruction with partial ossicular replacement prostheses and total ossicular replacement prostheses

OBJECTIVE: To examine hearing results in pediatric patients after ossicular reconstruction with partial ossicular replacement prostheses (PORPs) and total ossicular replacement prostheses (TORPs) in children with chronic otitis media. METHODS: A retrospective chart review was performed on 55 pediatric patients with chronic otitis media who underwent ossicular reconstruction from 1991 to 1998. Patients' audiograms were evaluated preoperatively and postoperatively for pure-tone average (PTA), air-bone gap (ABG), speech reception threshold (SRT), method of ossicular reconstruction, and management of the mastoid. RESULTS: Twenty-seven patients underwent ossicular reconstruction with TORPs. The average preoperative ABG was 40.1 dB, and the average postoperative ABG was 31.6 dB. Forty-one percent of the children improved their PTA greater than 10 dB postoperatively, and 52% of children did not change their ABG by more than 10 dB postoperatively. Nineteen percent of children with TORPs had a postoperative ABG less than 20 dB, and 44% of children with TORPs had a postoperative ABG less than 30 dB. Twenty-eight patients underwent ossicular reconstruction with PORPs. The average preoperative ABG was 29.7 dB, and the average postoperative ABG was 22.5 dB. Thirty-two percent of patients improved their PTA by greater than 10 dB, while 57% of children with PORPs did not change their ABG by more than 10 dB postoperatively. Forty-three percent of children with PORPs had an ABG of less than 20 dB postoperatively, and 71% of children with PORPs had a postoperative ABG less than or equal to 30 dB. CONCLUSIONS: Children who underwent ossicular reconstruction with PORPs had slightly better postoperative hearing than did children with TORPs. Postoperative hearing was essentially unchanged in approximately 55% of both groups. Preoperative hearing levels may be the most important factor determining postoperative hearing in nonstaged surgery for children with chronic otitis media Long-term hearing results in children with single-stage surgery were not as good as those reported in the literature for staged surgery. Severe mucosal disease and eustachian tube dysfunction may contribute to poorer hearing results in children.