Anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activities of the extract of gamboge from Garcinia hanburyi Hook f

In Thai folklore medicine, gamboge, the yellow gum-resin secreted from Garcinia hanburyi, is used for infected wound, pain and edema The ethyl acetate extract from Garcinia hanburyi (GH5763) was assessed for anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activities using experimental animal models. It was found that GH5763 possessed inhibitory activity on acute phase of inflammation as seen in ethyl phenylpropiolate-induced ear edema and carrageenin-induced hind paw edema in rats. However, GH5763 did not elicit any inhibitory effect on arachidonic acid-induced hind paw edema. In subchronic inflammatory model, GH5763 provoked a significant reduction of both transudative and proliferative phase when tested on cotton pellet-induced granuloma model. GH5763 also reduced the alkaline phosphatase activity in serum of rats in this animal model. In the analgesic test, GH5763 elicited inhibitory activity on acetic acid-induced writhing response and on both the early and the late phase of formalin test. Moreover, GH5763 also possessed an excellent antipyretic effect when tested in yeast-induced hyperthermic rats. It is postulated that the anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activities of GH5763 are caused by the inhibition of the prostaglandin biosynthesis.     

Anti-inflammatory and antipyretic properties of Clerodendrum petasites S. Moore

The methanol extract from Clerodendrum petasites S. Moore (CP extract) was assessed for anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activities on the experimental animal models. It was found that CP extract possessed moderate inhibitory activity on acute phase of inflammation in a dose-related manner as seen in ethyl phenylpropiolate-induced ear edema (ED(50)=2.34 mg/ear) as well as carrageenin-induced hind paw edema (ED(30)=420.41 mg/kg) in rats. However, CP extract did not elicit any inhibitory effect on arachidonic acid-induced hind paw edema in rats. In subchronic inflammatory model, CP extract provoked a significant reduction of transudation but had no effect on proliferative phase when tested in cotton pellet-induced granuloma model. CP extract also reduced the alkaline phosphatase activity in serum of rats in this animal model. Moreover, CP extract possessed an excellent antipyretic effect when tested in yeast-induced hyperthermic rats. It is postulated that the anti-inflammatory and antipyretic effects of CP extract are caused by the inhibition of the prostaglandin synthesis. Anyhow, CP extract did not possess any analgesic activity in acetic acid-induced writhing response in mice. The results obtained show that C. petasites has beneficial properties since it possesses potent antipyretic and moderate anti-inflammatory activities without ulcerogenic effect.     

Anti-inflammatory activity of methanolic extracts from Ventilago harmandiana Pierre

Methanolic extracts from the heart wood, stem bark, and stem wood of Ventilago harmandiana Pierre (Family Rhamnaceae) were assessed for anti-inflammatory effects using both acute and chronic inflammatory models. Analgesic and antipyretic activities of the extracts were also evaluated. It was found that all extracts possessed strong inhibitory effects on the acute phase of inflammation as seen in ethyl phenylpropiolate (EPP)- and arachidonic acid (AA)-induced ear edema as well as in carrageenin-induced paw edema in rats. The extracts elicited only weak inhibitory activity on cotton pellet-induced granuloma formation, a subchronic inflammatory model. In the analgesic test, all extracts exerted pronounced inhibitory activity in acetic acid-induced writhing response but showed only weak effects in the tail-flick test. The extracts also showed excellent antipyretic activity on yeast-induced hyperthermia in rats.     

猪牙皂总皂苷的镇痛抗炎作用和免疫抑制活性

目的:研究猪牙皂总皂苷的镇痛、抗炎作用及免疫调节活性,为将其研制成治疗类风湿关节炎的药物提供理论依据。方法:采用小鼠扭体法、热板法考察镇痛作用,采用二甲苯致小鼠耳廓肿胀法、角叉菜胶致大鼠足肿胀法和大鼠棉球肉芽肿法考察抗炎作用,采用小鼠血清溶血素法、绵羊红细胞致小鼠迟发型足跖肿胀法考察免疫调节作用。结果:猪牙皂总皂苷(50,100,200mg/kg)灌胃给药,明显减少醋酸所致小鼠扭体反应次数,提高小鼠在热板的痛阈;对二甲苯致小鼠耳廓肿胀、角叉菜胶致大鼠足跖肿胀和大鼠棉球肉芽肿,猪牙皂总皂苷均呈现显著的抑制作用。此外,猪牙皂总皂苷显著降低绵羊红细胞所致小鼠血清溶血素水平,抑制绵羊红细胞所致小鼠迟发型足跖肿胀。结论:猪牙皂总皂苷具有镇痛、抗炎和免疫抑制作用。     

Anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of the ethanol extract of Rosa multiflora Thunb. hips

This study aimed to assess the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of Fructus Rosae Multiflorae (FRM, hips of Rosa multiflora Thunb.). FRM was extracted with 75% ethanol and the dried extract (FRME) was administered intragastrically (i.g.) at 100, 200 and 400mg/kg. The anti-inflammatory effect was evaluated in four experimental animal models and analgesic effect in two animal models. Pretreatment with a single dose of FRME produced significant dose-dependent anti-inflammatory effects on carrageenin-induced rat hind paw edema, xylene-induced mouse ear edema and acetic acid-induced mouse vascular permeation. In a 7-day study, daily administration of FRME suppressed cotton pellet-induced rat granuloma formation. Pretreatment with a single dose of FRME also produced dose-dependent anti-nociceptive effects in thermally- and chemically induced mouse pain models. In addition, a single dose of FRME at 2.4g/kg body weight (equivalent to 87.6g of dried hips per kg body weight) produced no observable acute toxicity in mice within seven days. These results demonstrate that FRME possesses anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects and has no obvious acute toxicity, which advanced our understanding of the folk use of FRM in treating various inflammatory disorders.     

红元颗粒抗炎镇痛作用的研究

目的:研究红元颗粒的抗炎镇痛作用。方法:观察其对二甲苯致小鼠耳廓肿胀、冰醋酸致小鼠腹腔毛细血管通透性增高、角叉菜胶致大鼠足跖肿胀、棉球诱导大鼠肉芽肿、冰醋酸致小鼠扭体反应及小鼠热板实验的抑制作用。结果:红元颗粒可以明显抑制二甲苯致小鼠耳廓肿胀(P0.05),降低冰醋酸致小鼠腹腔毛细血管通透性增加(P0.05),减轻角叉菜胶致大鼠足跖肿胀(P0.05),抑制棉球肉芽肿增生(P0.01或P0.05),显著减轻热刺激引起的小鼠疼痛(P0.05);减少小鼠扭体次数(P0.01)。结论:红元颗粒具有显著的抗炎镇痛作用。     

复方蚂蚁酒的抗炎镇痛作用研究

目的探讨复方蚂蚁酒的抗炎、镇痛作用。方法采用Freund’s完全佐剂致大鼠佐剂性关节炎模型和二甲苯致小鼠耳廓炎症,观察复方蚂蚁酒的抗炎作用;用小鼠热板法致痛和醋酸致扭体反应等方法,观察其镇痛作用。结果复方蚂蚁酒对大鼠佐剂性关节炎的早期炎症和继发病变均有明显抑制作用,并能显著抑制二甲苯所致的小鼠耳廓炎症,对小鼠热板法致痛和醋酸致扭体反应均有明显抑制作用(与对照组比较均P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论复方蚂蚁酒具有明显抗炎、镇痛作用。     

Anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of ethanol and aqueous extracts of Pterocephalus hookeri (C.B. Clarke) Höeck

Aim of the study

This study evaluates the anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of the ethanol and aqueous extracts of a Tibetan herb Pterocephalus hookeri (C.B. Clarke) Höeck to provide experimental evidence for its traditional use such as cold, flu and rheumatoid arthritis.

Materials and methods

Investigations on the analgesic effects of P. hookeri (C.B. Clarke) Höeck were carried out, including hot-plate test and acetic acid-induced writhing. The anti-inflammatory activities were observed by utilizing the following models: carrageenin-induced edema of the hind paw of rats, cotton pellet-induced granuloma formation in rats, acetic acid-induced permeability, and xylene-induced ear edema in mice. The effects of the administration of indomethacin were also studied.

Results

It has been shown that the ethanol and aqueous extracts significantly increased the hot-plate pain threshold and reduced acetic acid-induced writhing response in mice. The ethanol and aqueous extracts remarkably inhibited the increase in vascular permeability induced by acetic acid and ear edema induced by xylene. The ethanol extract also significantly decreased the carrageenin-induced rat paw edema perimeter and inhibited the increase of granuloma weight.

Conclusion

The results show that the ethanol and aqueous extracts have both central and peripheral analgesic activities and as anti-inflammatory effects, supporting the traditional application of this herb in treating various diseases associated with inflammation and pain.     

The analgesic,antipyretic and anti-inflammatory activity of Diospyros variegata Kruz

Pharmacological studies were conducted with the hexane extract of the dry stem of Diospyros variegata Kruz. (Ebenaceae) on experimental animals for evaluating the analgesic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory activities. In the analgesic test, the hexane extract elicited inhibitory intensity on acetic acid-induced writhing response and on the late phase of formalin test but possessed only a weak effect on the tail-flick response and on the early phase of formalin test. The hexane extract also elicited antipyretic action when tested in yeast-induced hyperthermia in rats. In addition, the hexane extract showed an anti-inflammatory effect when tested in ethyl phenylpropiolate (EPP)- and arachidonic acid (AA)-induced rat ear edema.     

Evaluation of Artemisia inculta for anti-inflammatory activity in rats

The ethanolic extract of Artemisia inculta has been screened for anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activities on suitable experimental models. It has been found to produce significant inhibition of carrageenan induced paw edema and cotton pellet induced granuloma pouch and a significant decrease in the prothrombin time in rats. It failed to produce any analgesic or antipyretic activity on the hot plate reaction time and yeast induced hypyrexia tests in mice. It also did not produce any effect on the platelet aggregation and fibrinogen level in the rats. Amongst the phytoconstituents detected in this plant, flavonoids may be responsible for the observed anti-inflammatory effect of the ethanolic extract.     

脊痛宁胶囊抗炎镇痛作用的实验研究

目的研究脊痛宁胶囊的抗炎、镇痛作用。方法以巴豆油致小鼠耳肿胀模型和角叉菜胶致大鼠足肿胀模型,观察脊痛宁胶囊的急性抗炎作用;以棉球植入小鼠腹腔致肉芽肿模型,观察脊痛宁胶囊的慢性抗炎作用;以醋酸法造成小鼠疼痛模型,观察脊痛宁胶囊的镇痛作用。结果脊痛宁胶囊对巴豆油致耳肿胀和角叉菜胶致大鼠足肿胀有显著的抑制作用,可显著抑制棉球所致肉芽肿形成,减少醋酸所致小鼠扭体次数。结论脊痛宁胶囊具有显著的抗炎、镇痛作用。     

狭叶荨麻根、茎、叶的抗炎镇痛作用

目的研究狭叶荨麻Urticaangustifolia根、茎、叶70%乙醇提取物及狭叶荨麻根水提取物的抗炎、镇痛作用。方法二甲苯致小鼠耳廓肿胀实验;冰醋酸致小鼠扭体反应实验。结果狭叶荨麻根、茎、叶70%乙醇提取物及狭叶荨麻根水提取物能明显对抗二甲苯致小鼠耳廓肿胀,并显著抑制0.5%醋酸致小鼠扭体反应。结论狭叶荨麻根、茎、叶70%乙醇提取物及狭叶荨麻根水提取物具有显著的抗炎、镇痛活性。     

麻疯树根提取物抗炎作用的实验研究

目的：研究麻疯树根提取物的抗炎作用。方法：采用二甲苯致小鼠耳廓肿胀法、鸡蛋清致大鼠足跖肿胀法和大鼠棉球肉芽肿法观察麻疯树根提取物的抗炎作用。结果：麻疯树根提取物能明显抑制二甲苯所致的小鼠耳廓肿胀和鸡蛋清所致的大鼠足跖肿胀,也能抑制大鼠棉球肉芽肿的形成。结论：麻疯树根提取物具有明显的抗炎作用。     

麻黄-甘草药对的抗炎、利尿作用研究

目的:观察麻黄-甘草药对的抗炎、利尿作用。方法:采用二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀实验、醋酸致小鼠腹腔毛细血管通透性增加实验、角叉菜胶致大鼠足肿胀、大鼠棉球肉芽肿实验观察麻黄-甘草药对的抗炎作用;采用麻黄-甘草药对对正常大鼠排尿量及电解质排泄的影响观察其利尿作用。结果:麻黄-甘草药对22.4、11.2、5.6g/kg灌胃,均能抑制二甲苯所致的小鼠耳肿胀;11.2g生药/kg、22.4g生药/kg灌胃,能抑制醋酸所致的小鼠腹腔毛细血管通透性增加;22.4g生药/kg能抑制角叉菜胶注射后3h,5h,7h的大鼠足肿胀和大鼠棉球肉芽肿形成、增加大鼠排尿量及尿液中K+的排泄。结论:麻黄-甘草药对有抗炎、利尿作用。     

角花胡颓子醇提物抗炎镇痛作用研究

目的研究角花胡颓子醇提物的抗炎和镇痛作用。方法采用热板法和醋酸致小鼠扭体实验观察镇痛作用;采用二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀及皮肤毛细血管通透性、角叉菜胶致大鼠足肿胀和大鼠棉球肉芽肿实验模型观察抗炎作用;并测定角叉菜胶致炎足渗出液中PGE2和组胺含量。结果角花胡颓子醇提物能显著延长热致痛小鼠痛阈时间,明显减少醋酸致痛小鼠扭体次数;对二甲苯致耳肿张及皮肤毛细血管通透性、角叉菜胶致足肿胀和棉球诱导肉芽肿增生均有抑制作用;能明显减少角叉菜胶性炎症渗出液中PGE2和组胺的含量。结论角花胡颓子醇提物有明显的抗炎镇痛作用。     

Anti-inflammatory activity of Dalbergia lanceolaria bark ethanol extract in mice and rats

Topical anti-inflammatory activity of Dalbergia lanceolaria Linn. bark ethanol extract was demonstrated in albino mice using TPA-, EPP- and AA-induced ear edema models. The systemic activity of extract was confirmed using acute and sub-acute anti-inflammatory models in albino rats. The ethanol extract exhibited significant systemic anti-inflammatory activity in Carrageenan-induced rat paw edema, by inhibition of histamine and prostaglandin phases of acute inflammation. The extract also showed significant activity against turpentine-induced exudative changes and no activity against granular tissue formation in cotton pellet-induced granuloma in albino rats. Thus, resultant anti-inflammatory activity might be due to effects on several mediators involving cyclo-oxygenase pathway resulting in prostaglandin formation and leukocyte migration from the vessels.     

Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.) Gilg. Leaves extract

AIM OF THE STUDY: The analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of the ethanol extract of Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.) Gilg. Leaves were observed in various experimental models related to nociception and inflammation, so as to provide some evidence for its traditional use. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Acetic acid-induced writhing and a hot plate test in mice were used to evaluate its analgesic activity. On the other hand, its anti-inflammatory activity was observed in xylene or carrageenan-induced edema, carboxymethylcellulose sodium (CMC-Na)-induced leukocyte migration in mice and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) release from mouse peritoneal macrophages in vitro. RESULTS: The ethanol extract significantly inhibited acetic acid-induced writhing after single oral administration at doses of 424 and 848 mg extract/kg, and the response to the thermal stimulus in mice at the dose of 848 mg/kg. Meanwhile, the ethanol extract also remarkably lessened xylene-induced ear swelling, carrageenan-induced paw edema, and CMC-Na-induced leukocyte migration. Furthermore, the extract considerably reduced NO release from LPS-stimulated macrophages with IC50 of 80.4 mg/ml. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.) Gilg. Leaves extract present notable analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities, which support its folkloric use for some diseases related with painful and inflammatory conditions such as trauma etc.     

乌蔹莓抗炎镇痛有效部位的筛选

目的探讨乌蔹莓抗炎镇痛作用的有效部位。方法采用二甲苯致小鼠耳廓肿胀、蛋清致大鼠足跖肿胀2种急性炎症模型以及大鼠棉球肉芽肿慢性炎症模型,研究乌蔹莓不同提取部位ig给药对急慢性炎症的作用。采用热板法和醋酸扭体法致痛,研究乌蔹莓不同提取部位ig给药的镇痛作用。结果与模型组相比,乌蔹莓水部位和乌蔹莓水提液高、低剂量组明显抑制二甲苯所致小鼠耳廓肿胀(P0.05、0.01),明显抑制蛋清所致大鼠足跖肿胀(P0.05、0.01),显著抑制大鼠棉球肉芽肿(P0.01)。乌蔹莓石油醚部位和乌蔹莓水提液高、低剂量组给药后明显延长热板所致小鼠的痛阈值,与模型组和自身给药前比较差异显著(P0.05、0.01);乌蔹莓石油醚部位和乌蔹莓水提液高、低剂量组明显减少醋酸所致小鼠扭体反应次数,与模型组比较差异极显著(P0.01)。结论乌蔹莓抗炎作用部位主要为水部位,而镇痛作用部位主要为石油醚部位。     

Anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic effects of methanol extract from Bauhinia racemosa stem bark in animal models

In this study, the anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic effects of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight of methanol extract obtained from Bauhinia racemosa stem bark, the so-called MEBR, were investigated. The effects of MEBR on the acute and chronic phases of inflammation were studied in carrageenan, dextran and mediators (histamine and serotonin)-induced paw oedema and cotton pellet-induced granuloma, respectively. Analgesic effect of MEBR was evaluated in acetic acid-induced writhing and hotplate tests. Antipyretic activity of MEBR was evaluated by yeast-induced hyperpyrexia in rats. The anti-oedema effect of MEBR was compared with 10 mg/kg of indomethacin orally. In acute phase of inflammation, a maximum inhibition of 44.9, 43.2, 44.8 and 45.9% (P<0.001) was noted at the dose of 200 mg/kg b.w. after 3h of treatment with MEBR in carrageenan, dextran, histamine and serotonin-induced paw oedema, respectively. Administration of MEBR (200 mg/kg b.w.) and indomethacin (10 mg/kg b.w.) significantly (P<0.05) decreased the formation of granuloma tissue induced by cotton pellet method at a rate of 50.4 and 56.2%, respectively. The extract also inhibited peritoneal leukocyte migration in mice. The MEBR also produced significant (P<0.01) analgesic activity in both models. Further, the MEBR potentiated the morphine- and aspirin-induced analgesic in mice. Treatment with MEBR showed a significant (P<0.01) dose-dependent reduction in pyrexia in rats. The results suggest that MEBR possess potent anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activity.     

荭草提取物抗炎镇痛作用实验研究

目的探讨荭草提取物的抗炎镇痛作用。方法采用二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀、蛋清致大鼠足跖肿胀2种急性炎症模型以及大鼠棉球肉芽肿慢性炎症模型,研究荭草水提物和醇提物ig给药的抗炎作用。采用热板法和醋酸扭体法致痛,研究荭草水提物和醇提物ig给药的镇痛作用。结果与模型组相比,荭草水提物和醇提物高、低剂量(生药7.5、3.75 g/kg)组显著抑制二甲苯所致小鼠耳肿胀(P<0.01),明显抑制蛋清所致大鼠足跖肿胀(P<0.05、0.01),明显抑制大鼠棉球肉芽肿(P<0.01)。荭草水提物和醇提物高、低剂量组给药后明显延长热板所致小鼠的痛阈值,与模型组比较差异显著(P<0.01);荭草水提物和醇提物高、低剂量组明显减少醋酸所致小鼠扭体反应次数,与模型组比较差异显著(P<0.01)。荭草水提物高、低剂量组给药后与相同剂量醇提物相比,各项指标差异显著(P<0.05、0.01)。结论荭草提取物ig给药具有抗炎、镇痛作用,且水提物作用强于醇提物。