玻璃体切割联合内界膜瓣覆盖术中行球内无菌空气填充治疗特发性黄斑裂孔

目的：比较无菌空气填充和C₃F₈填充在玻璃体切割(PPV)联合内界膜瓣(ILMF)覆盖术中治疗特发性黄斑裂孔(IMH)的疗效差异。

方法：回顾性对照研究。选取武汉大学人民医院眼科2014-01/2017-06就诊的符合纳入标准的IMH患者,行PPV联合黄斑区ILMF翻转覆盖黄斑裂孔术,根据术中是否行C₃F₈填充,分为球内空气填充组(A组112眼)和球内C₃F₈填充组(B组63眼),比较两组术后高眼压发生情况、黄斑裂孔闭合率、术后1、3mo时最佳矫正视力(BCVA)和黄斑区结构重建情况。

结果：A组和B组在术后1、3mo时,较术前BCVA均有提高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05); 两组手术后1mo时BCVA比较差异均无统计学意义,术后3mo时,A组BCVA较B组恢复更佳,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05); A组黄斑裂孔闭合率为97.5%,B组为96.8%,两组比较差异无统计学意义; 两组的光感受器细胞内外节交界面连接带(EZ)缺损直径较术前均有明显减小,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),在术后1、3mo时两组比较,差异均无统计学意义; B组术后高眼压发生率为9.5%,而A组无术后高眼压情况发生,两者差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。

结论：PPV联合ILMF覆盖治疗特发性黄斑裂孔安全有效,玻璃体腔无菌空气填充可减少术后高眼压发生率,在该手术中可以代替C₃F₈填充。     

玻璃体切割联合内界膜填塞及鼠神经生长因子注射治疗大直径特发性黄斑裂孔

目的：观察玻璃体切割术(PPV)联合内界膜(ILM)填塞及鼠神经生长因子(NGF)注射治疗大直径特发性黄斑裂孔(IMH)的临床疗效。

方法：回顾性病例研究。选取2018-05/2020-05在南京医科大学眼科医院检查确诊并行PPV联合ILM填塞及鼠NGF注射的大直径IMH患者16例16眼纳入研究。所有入组患者均接受经睫状体扁平部三通道23G PPV联合ILM填塞及鼠NGF注射治疗。观察术后最佳矫正视力\〖BCVA(LogMAR)\〗、裂孔闭合率、分析黄斑裂孔闭合的OCT分型、中心凹外层结构包括椭圆体带(EZ)、外界膜(ELM)的连续性及术后并发症等。

结果：患者术前BCVA为1.15±0.21,术后3、6mo BCVA分别为1.02±0.19、0.87±0.24(F=34.966,P<0.01); 术后3、6mo BCVA较术前均有改善(P<0.01),且术后6mo BCVA较术后3mo改善(P<0.01)。术后患者裂孔闭合率为100%,OCT所显示的闭合形态中,11眼为U型闭合(69%); 3眼为V型闭合(19%); 2眼为不规则闭合(13%)。术后6mo,U型、V型及不规则闭合组眼的BCVA分别为0.75±0.18、1.1±0.19、1.20±0.00(F=6.937, P<0.01),其中U型闭合组的BCVA恢复明显优于V型闭合组和不规则闭合组(P=0.027、0.007)。术后6mo,U形闭合组中有10眼(91%)ELM恢复连续性、7眼(64%)EZ恢复连续性,V型闭合组中有2眼(67%)ELM恢复连续性、1眼(33%)EZ恢复连续性,不规则闭合眼中未见ELM、EZ连续性恢复(P<0.05)。随访期间未发现眼部及全身并发症。

结论：PPV联合ILM填塞及鼠NGF注射治疗对大直径IMH安全有效,NGF与ILM的协同作用可促进裂孔的闭合,有利于视网膜光感受器细胞的完整性恢复及术后视功能的改善。     

不同填充物联合玻璃体切除及内界膜剥除治疗特发性黄斑裂孔疗效比较

目的：探讨不同填充物联合玻璃体切除及内界膜剥除治疗特发性黄斑裂孔(IMH)的疗效及安全性。

方法：回顾性研究。选择2018-07/2020-03本院眼科收治的IMH患者117例117眼作为研究对象,两组患者均行玻璃体切除联合内界膜剥除术,根据术中填充材料不同分为两组：采用空气填充者65眼; 采用C₃F₈填充者52眼。于术前及术后1、2、3mo时进行复查,统计患者末次随访时裂孔闭合率、闭合形态、最佳矫正视力(BCVA)、黄斑中央视网膜厚度(CRT)、外界膜层(ELM)缺损直径、椭圆体带缺损直径、眼压、术后并发症发生情况。

结果：空气填充组、C₃F₈填充组患者术后气体吸收时间分别为8.55±2.17、25.74±7.41d(P<0.05); 空气填充组及C₃F₈填充组黄斑裂孔闭合率(95.4% vs 98.1%)和闭合孔形态比例比较均无差异(P>0.05)。两组患者术后3mo时BCVA和CRT较术前有差异(P<0.001),ELM缺损直径、椭圆体带缺损直径较术前降低(P<0.001),两组间BCVA、CRT、ELM缺损直径、椭圆体带缺损直径比较均无差异(P>0.05)。两组患者治疗前后眼压比较无差异(P>0.05),两组患者均未发生严重并发症。

结论：玻璃体切除及内界膜剥除联合空气填充及C₃F₈填充治疗IMH疗效及安全性相当,临床可根据实际情况选择。     

内界膜翻转填塞与内界膜剥除治疗高度近视黄斑裂孔视网膜脱离的Meta分析

目的：评价玻璃体切除(PPV)联合内界膜(ILM)翻转填塞或ILM剥除在治疗高度近视黄斑裂孔视网膜脱离(MHRD)中解剖学及视力恢复疗效。

方法：从中国知网(CNKI)、维普(VIP)、万方数据库(Wan Fang Database)、PubMed、EMbase、The Cochrane Library、Europe PMC、Nature数据库中检索文献,检索时间均为建库至2018-09。以术后6mo为随访时间节点,观察黄斑裂孔闭合、原发性视网膜复位及BCVA情况。采用Review 5.3及Stata 15.1软件进行Meta分析。

结果：本研究包括8项研究266眼。ILM翻转填塞在黄斑裂孔闭合率方面优于ILM剥除(RR=2.05,95%CI 1.69～2.49,P<0.00001),在原发性视网膜复位率方面无差异(RR=1.04,95%CI 0.98～1.12,P=0.21),在术后6mo两组BCVA均较术前明显提高(分别为：RR=0.44,95%CI 0.33～0.55,P<0.00001; RR=0.29,95%CI 0.10～0.48,P=0.003),两组间BCVA改善程度的差异结果存在异质性,其结论可能不稳定,尚需更多可靠数据证明。

结论：PPV联合ILM翻转填塞在治疗高度近视MHRD患者中更有效。     

玻璃体切割联合内界膜翻转覆盖术治疗高度近视黄斑裂孔性视网膜脱离

目的：观察玻璃体切割(pars plana vitrectomy,PPV)联合内界膜(internal limiting membrane,ILM)覆盖术治疗高度近视黄斑裂孔性视网膜脱离(macular hole retinal detachment,MHRD)的疗效。

方法：回顾性病例研究。收集2013-07/2017-11在我院就诊,屈光度数≥-6.00D,眼轴长度≥26mm,经眼底检查确诊为高度近视MHRD的患者27例27眼,其中男9例9眼,女18例18眼,年龄41～70(平均53.69±7.23)岁,最佳矫正视力(best-corrected visual acuity,BCVA)为1.41±0.28(LogMAR)。所有患者均行经睫状体平坦部23G玻璃体切割术,伴有晶状体混浊影响手术者同时行晶状体咬切术。术中彻底切除玻璃体后皮质,亮蓝G染色黄斑区ILM,环形剥除黄斑中心凹周围血管弓内ILM,残留黄斑裂孔(MH)边缘少量ILM,将其反转覆盖于MH上,并行C₃F₈或硅油填充。平均随访时间6mo以上。观察所有患者末次随访时BCVA、MH闭合、视网膜复位和眼部并发症情况。

结果：患者术后BCVA提高21眼(78%),视力不变4眼(15%),视力下降2眼(7%)。平均BCVA为0.84±0.40(LogMAR),与术前比较差异有统计学意义(t=7.32,P<0.05)。术后MH闭合24眼(89%),视网膜解剖复位25眼(93%),所有患者无严重眼部和全身并发症。

结论：PPV联合ILM覆盖术治疗高度近视MHRD安全有效,可改善视力,裂孔闭合率、视网膜复位率高。     

两种内界膜剥离方式治疗MHCI<0.7特发性黄斑裂孔的疗效

目的：观察玻璃体切割术中不同内界膜剥离方式治疗黄斑裂孔闭合指数(MHCI)<0.7特发性黄斑裂孔(IMH)的临床效果。

方法：将2014-05/2017-05收治的MHCI<0.7 IMH患者88例88眼随机分为A组(44眼,行扩大内界膜剥离术)和B组(44眼,行标准内界膜剥离术),观察两组患者黄斑裂孔闭合情况、最佳矫正视力(BCVA)、中心暗点及并发症发生情况。

结果：术后6mo,A组患者黄斑裂孔闭合率明显高于B组(91% vs 75%,P<0.05),BCVA优于B组(0.47±0.05 vs 0.74±0.14,P<0.05),中心暗点眼数占比低于B组(4% vs 23%,P<0.05),且两组患者并发症发生率无明显差异(11% vs 9%,P>0.05)。

结论：临床治疗MHCI<0.7的IMH采用扩大内界膜剥离术较标准内界膜剥离术疗效更突出,前者视网膜功能恢复效果更佳。     

改良黄斑裂孔手术疗效分析

目的：比较改良黄斑裂孔手术与传统黄斑裂孔手术治疗特发性黄斑裂孔(idiopathic macular hole,IMH)的疗效。

方法：连续选取2014-04/2017-06就诊于我院的IMH患者28例28眼,接受我院同一医师独立完成的手术治疗,分为两组。A组13例为传统玻璃体切除内界膜剥除术联合C₃F₈填充治疗组(简称传统组),B组15例为改良吲哚菁绿染色内界膜剥除联合黄斑裂孔整复空气填充治疗组(简称改良组)。所有患者在术后1wk,1、3、6mo复查。比较两组患者术前和术后末次最佳矫正视力(best corrected visual acuity,BCVA)、手术时间、末次复查时裂孔的闭合率、俯卧时间。

结果：两组患者裂孔闭合率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05); 两组患者术后BCVA较术前均提高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但两组间术前和术后BCVA比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05); B组手术时间较A组明显缩短,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05); B组俯卧时间较A组明显缩短,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。

结论：与传统组相比,改良吲哚菁绿染色内界膜剥除联合黄斑裂孔整复空气填充可以获得同样较高的裂孔闭合率,而且手术操作步骤简化,缩短了手术时间,减少器械进出切口的次数,从而减少并发症的发生。术后患者俯卧时间明显缩短,舒适度高、依从性好。     

玻璃体切割联合内界膜剥除术治疗顽固性糖尿病黄斑水肿

目的：观察玻璃体切割术(PPV)联合内界膜(ILM)剥除术治疗顽固性糖尿病黄斑水肿的临床疗效。

方法：回顾性分析顽固性糖尿病黄斑水肿并行PPV联合ILM剥除术患者56例56眼,根据有无后极部玻璃体后脱离分为A组(无玻璃体后脱离,35例35眼)和B组(有玻璃体后脱离,21例21眼)。对比分析手术前及手术后1、3、6mo时患眼最佳矫正视力(BCVA)、黄斑中心视网膜厚度(CMT)变化情况。

结果：A组手术后1、3、6mo平均CMT和BCVA与手术前比较均有差异(P<0.05)。B组手术后1、3、6mo平均BCVA与手术前比较均无差异(P>0.05); 手术后1mo平均CMT与手术前比较有差异(P<0.05),术后3、6mo平均CMT与手术前比较均无差异(P>0.05)。术后1、3、6mo,两组CMT、BCVA比较均有差异(P<0.05)。

结论：PPV联合ILM剥除术能有效治疗无玻璃体后脱离的顽固性糖尿病黄斑水肿,提高患者视力; 但当患者玻璃体已经后脱离且没有牵拉时,PPV联合ILM剥除术治疗效果不佳。     

硅油填充眼黄斑下积液手术疗效观察

目的：分析硅油填充眼黄斑下积液行硅油取出联合视网膜内界膜剥除、C₃F₈填充术后的临床疗效。

方法：分析2007-01/2013-12于我院行玻璃体切除联合硅油填充术后出现黄斑下积液6mo的患者31例31眼,根据手术方式分为A、B组,A组行硅油取出术,B组行硅油取出联合内界膜剥除、C₃F₈填充术,手术后随访时间为6～12(平均为8.33±1.45)mo,对比分析术后3、6mo两组的LogMAR最佳矫正视力提高率、黄斑平均神经上皮层厚度。

结果：术后3mo比较各组平均LogMAR 最佳矫正视力(best-corrected visual acuity,BCVA)均较术前有提高,差异有统计学意义(t=2.326、2.577,P<0.05),A组和B组LogMAR BCVA提高率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ²=5.473,P<0.05); 术后6mo比较各组平均LogMAR BCVA均较术前有提高,差异有统计学意义(t=4.216、3.801,P<0.05),A组和B组LogMAR BCVA提高率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ²=4.210,P<0.05)。术后各组黄斑平均神经上皮层厚度变薄。

结论：硅油取出联合视网膜内界膜剥除、C₃F₈填充术是治疗硅油填充眼持续性黄斑下积液的有效方法。     

内界膜剥离在黄斑裂孔患者治疗中的应用及预后的影响

目的：探讨无染色视网膜内界膜剥离术(inner limiting mem brane peeling,ILMP)对特发性黄斑裂孔(idiopathic macular hole,IMH)患者视功能及预后的影响。

方法：选取IMH患者83例83眼作为研究对象,按照是否剥离内界膜及剥离内界膜方式分为两组,采用亮蓝(BBG)染色内界膜剥除术42例作为A组,采用无染色内界膜剥除术41例作为B组,并选取同期不剥除内界膜组40例作为对照组。

结果：术后随访6mo,A、B两组黄斑裂孔愈合例数(41例,40例)明显多于对照组(25例),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05); A、B两组视力恢复程度明显优于对照组(P<0.05); 术后A、B组患者多焦视网膜电图一阶函数的1环和2环的P1波反应密度均明显高于对照组(P<0.05); A组内界膜剥除手术时间为(234.7±9.2)s,B组(168.4±7.2)s,A组长于B组(P<0.05)。

结论：玻璃体切割术中应用无染色视网膜内界膜剥除术视功能恢复程度更好,手术用时更少,同时避免了染色剂所致的视网膜毒性,适宜临床广泛推广和应用。     

Triamcinolone-assisted internal limiting membrane peeling

PURPOSE: To review our experience with triamcinolone-assisted pars plana vitrectomy for internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling for various retinal diseases. METHODS: Twenty-one patients underwent surgery in which intraoperative triamcinolone acetonide (TA) was used. Indications for surgery included epiretinal membrane (3 patients), branch retinal vein occlusion associated with macular edema (2), traction retinal detachment (3), diabetic macular edema (4), vitreous hemorrhage with diabetic macular edema (4), macular hole (4), and cystoid macular edema (1). RESULTS: TA was useful in the removal of the ILM in all cases. There were no intraoperative complications or toxicity. The mean follow-up was 22 weeks (range, 9-30 weeks). Eleven patients improved by >or=2 Snellen lines, 1 lost >or=2 Snellen lines, and 9 were within 2 Snellen lines of preoperative vision at the last follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: The intraoperative use of TA improves visualization of ILMs associated with a variety of conditions. No intraoperative or postoperative complications were observed. TA-assisted removal of the ILM appears to be safe and cost effective. TA-assisted ILM peeling should be considered as an alternative to the use of intraoperative dyes.     

Combined fovea-sparing internal limiting membrane peeling with internal limiting membrane flap technique for progressive myopic traction maculopathy

Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology - To present the anatomical and functional outcomes of combined fovea-sparing internal limiting membrane peeling (FSIP) with...     

Efficiency comparison with fovea-sparing internal limiting membrane peeling and complete internal limiting membrane peeling for treating myopic traction maculopathy

Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology - To explore whether the efficacy of fovea-sparing internal limiting membrane peeling (FS-ILMP) is better than that of complete...     

内界膜剥除与不剥除术治疗特发性黄斑前膜的疗效对比观察

目的 比较单纯黄斑前膜剥除术、黄斑前膜剥除联合黄斑区内界膜剥除术两种手术方法治疗特发性黄斑前膜的疗效,探讨剥除视网膜内界膜对特发性黄斑前膜患者术后影响.方法 回顾分析特发性黄斑前膜患者38只患眼的手术疗效.其中A组：黄斑前膜剥除联合内界膜剥除术18眼,B组：单纯黄斑前膜剥除术20眼.手术后随诊3个月以上,于手术前和手术后3个月时对患者行视力、MERG及OCT检查,分别对每组手术前后临床资料、两组之间临床资料进行分析.结果 手术前两组患者的年龄、视力、黄斑中心凹厚度、MERG的1环和2环P波振幅及潜时均无明显差异.手术后3个月时两组视力较手术前均明显提高,黄斑中心凹厚度较手术前明显降低,A组术后MERG的1环和2环P波振幅明显降低,但术后3个月时两组之间视力、黄斑中心凹厚度、MERG潜时差异无显著性,A组MERG的振幅比B组有明显的降低.结论 黄斑前膜剥除术是治疗特发性黄斑前膜的有效方法,内界膜剥除术在手术后短期内未显示其有效性,需进一步随访观察.     

Epiretinal membrane surgery with or without internal limiting membrane peeling

BACKGROUND: The purpose of the present paper was to evaluate the visual outcome and recurrence rate of epiretinal membrane (ERM) formation following vitreoretinal surgery with and without internal limiting membrane (ILM) peel. METHODS: The medical records of 42 consecutive patients who underwent surgery for macular ERM by a single surgeon were reviewed. All patients underwent pars plana vitrectomy and ERM removal with a subset undergoing ILM peel. Recurrence of macular ERM within 18 months and the final visual outcome after surgery were compared between patients with and without ILM removal. RESULTS: Twenty-five patients (59.5%) underwent ERM surgery with ILM peeling and 17 patients (40.5%) underwent ERM surgery without ILM peeling. The mean preoperative logMAR visual acuity was 0.77 and 0.96 for the ILM peeling and non-ILM peeling groups, respectively. Visual acuity improved significantly in both the ILM and non-ILM peeling groups after ERM surgery (P < 0.001 and P = 0.003, respectively). Eighteen months after surgery, 3/17 eyes without ILM peeling (17.6%) developed recurrent macular ERM, compared with none of the 25 eyes with ILM peeling (log-rank test, P = 0.030). CONCLUSIONS: Internal limiting membrane removal during macular ERM surgery may minimize the recurrence of ERM, without adverse visual outcome. Further controlled prospective studies are needed to determine the role of ILM peeling in ERM surgery.     

玻璃体切割联合内界膜填塞或内界膜翻转对特发性大黄斑裂孔患者治疗效果的对比研究

目的　比较玻璃体切割联合内界膜填塞或内界膜翻转在特发性大黄斑裂孔患者治疗中的效果。方法　回顾性非随机临床研究。24例24眼特发性大黄斑裂孔患者均行睫状体平坦部三通道25G玻璃体切割术,术中使用内界膜反折填塞于黄斑裂孔中者12例12眼为内界膜填塞组,使用内界膜反折覆盖于黄斑裂孔中者12例12眼为内界膜翻转组。术后随访6个月,对比两组患者最佳矫正视力（best corrected visual acuity,BCVA）、裂孔闭合率、OCT检查结果及并发症等情况。结果　术后6个月,内界膜填塞组12眼黄斑裂孔全部闭合,黄斑裂孔闭合率为100%;内界膜翻转组12眼中11眼黄斑裂孔闭合,黄斑裂孔闭合率为91.67%,两组黄斑裂孔闭合率差异无统计学意义（Z=-1.00,P=0.32）。术后6个月,内界膜填塞组BCVA为（1.13±0.40）logMAR,内界膜翻转组为（1.03±0.36）logMAR,均较术前明显改善,差异均有统计学意义（均为P=0.00）;术后6个月内界膜翻转组BCVA优于内界膜填塞组,但差异无统计学意义（t=0.59,P=0.56）。OCT检查示,内界膜翻转组有3眼（25.00%）视网膜外层结构部分恢复,内界膜填塞组均未见视网膜外层结构恢复患者。结论　玻璃体切割联合内界膜填塞或内界膜翻转治疗特发性大黄斑裂孔,均能提高黄斑裂孔的闭合率,稳定及改善BCVA。     

Iatrogenic punctate chorioretinopathy after internal limiting membrane peeling

PURPOSE: To define the chorioretinal lesions created unintentionally during grasping the internal limiting membrane (ILM) with end-gripping forceps. DESIGN: Interventional case series. METHODS: A prospective review of a consecutive series of 15 patients (15 eyes) who underwent macular hole repair was performed. All patients underwent a three-port pars plana vitrectomy with ILM peeling. Fundus photographs, fluorescein angiography, and indocyanine green angiography were performed in all patients before and after surgery. RESULTS: In all eyes, small punctate barely seen chorioretinal lesions in the macular region were detected after surgery. These punctate lesions corresponded to the area where ILM was grasped with forceps. The lesions ranged from 100 to 400 microm in diameter. Their number ranged between 8 and 15 (mean, 12.6). In the early phase of fluorescein angiography, the lesions appeared hypofluorescent; in the late phase, there was slight staining of the margin of the lesions extending from the adjacent choriocapillaris, causing indistinct borders. In the early phase of indocyanine green angiogram, the lesions were hypofluorescent and in some larger lesions choroidal vessels were visible due to the thinning and atrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium and choriocapillaris. In the late phase, the homogenous hypofluorescent areas had well-delineated margins and were usually round or oval. This angiographic finding was independent of the age of the lesion, and neither enlargement of the lesions nor development of choroidal neovascularization were noted during follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Iatrogenic punctate chorioretinopathy is the chorioretinal lesion created unintentionally during grasping the ILM with end-gripping forceps. It must be reported as one of the complications of ILM peeling. These small punctate lesions did not appear to affect the surgical outcome. However, the lesions should be followed to detect any long-term complication such as choroidal neovascularization.