家族史对雄激素性秃发患者发病年龄和脱发类型的影响

目的分析有无家族史雄激素性秃发（ AGA）患者发病年龄、脱发类型及脱发程度的异同。方法采用问卷调查方式对976例有家族史的雄激素性秃发患者和690例无家族史该病患者进行调查。结果有家族史雄激素性秃发患者与无家族史该病患者比较,发病年龄早（P＜0．01）,男性患者前额型发病频率低（P＝0．044）,脱发程度严重（ P＝0．020）。结论雄激素性秃发发病年龄、脱发类型和严重程度与家族史密切相关。     

Clinical study of androgenic alopecia in 148 patients

目的 探讨男性型脱发的临床特征.方法 收集148例男性型脱发病例的临床资料,并对患者的发病年龄、家族史、临床分级、疗效、血清双氢睾酮(DHT)、轻拉试验进行分析.结果 发病年龄以 15～25岁占比例最大,家族史与发病年龄相关,家族史与临床分级相关,血清DHT水平升高占80.41%,非那雄胺治疗总有效率为88.98%,轻拉试验阳性占22.97%.结论 男性型脱发发病年龄偏早,发病与职业、精神神经因素有关,有家族史患者的发病年龄比无家族史患者的发病年龄更早,有家族史患者出现重型男性型脱发的可能性更大,疗效与疗程呈正相关,疗效与家族史无关,部分患者出现轻拉试验阳性.     

男性型脱发148例临床分析

目的探讨男性型脱发的临床特征。方法收集148例男性型脱发病例的临床资料,并对患者的发病年龄、家族史、临床分级、疗效、血清双氢睾酮(DHT)、轻拉试验进行分析。结果发病年龄以15～25岁占比例最大,家族史与发病年龄相关,家族史与临床分级相关,血清DHT水平升高占80.41%,非那雄胺治疗总有效率为88.98%,轻拉试验阳性占22.97%。结论男性型脱发发病年龄偏早,发病与职业、精神神经因素有关,有家族史患者的发病年龄比无家族史患者的发病年龄更早,有家族史患者出现重型男性型脱发的可能性更大,疗效与疗程呈正相关,疗效与家族史无关,部分患者出现轻拉试验阳性。     

非那雄胺联合中药内服治疗雄激素性脱发临床观察

雄激素性脱发(AGA)又称男性型脱发、脂溢性 脱发,属中医"发蛀脱发"、"蛀发"范畴,是一种常见 的毛发疾病,为雄激素依赖的常染色体显性遗传性 皮肤病,好发于 25~35岁的青壮年男性,以头顶及额 颞区渐进性脱发为主要症状.此病亦见于女性,表 现为头顶部头发稀疏纤细.该病的发病机制尚未完 全明了,除与家族遗传有关外,患者局部雄激素水 平、睡眠、饮食、皮脂分泌、精神因素及病菌感染(如 糠皮孢子菌)等均有相关性.     

梅花针叩刺与西药结合治疗男性雄激素源性脱发的临床研究

【目的】观察梅花针叩刺脱发区、生发穴、大椎穴与口服西药非那雄胺片及外涂米诺地尔酊联合治疗男性雄激素源性脱发(AGA)的临床效果。【方法】将80例男性雄激素源性脱发患者随机分为治疗组和对照组各40例,对照组脱落2例,最终对照组38例完成治疗,治疗组全部完成治疗。对照组给予单纯口服非那雄胺片及外涂米诺地尔酊治疗,治疗组在对照组治疗基础上给予梅花针叩刺脱发区、生发穴、大椎穴治疗。于治疗前后观察记录2组脱发、瘙痒、油腻性、脱屑程度,并评价2组疗效。【结果】(1)治疗组痊愈率、总有效率分别为47.50%和97.50%,对照组分别为7.89%和78.95%;治疗组的总体疗效(秩和检验)及痊愈率、总有效率(χ2检验)均优于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05或P0.01)。(2)治疗组脱发、瘙痒、油腻性和脱屑程度等指标的评分值减少率均显著优于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.01)。【结论】梅花针叩刺脱发区、生发穴及大椎穴治疗男性雄激素源性脱发,可提高西药治疗的疗效,开拓了中西医结合治疗男性雄激素源性脱发的新领域。     

遗传病与先天性唇、腭裂关系的探讨

临床资料在本组44例中,男性24例,女性20例,男女之比1.2:1,经T检验,T=0.08,P>0.05,男女之间无显著性差异。属父系遗传23例,占52.27％;母系遗传12例,占27.27％;无确切父系及母系遗传的9例,占45％。在父系遗传与亲子关系三代家族中患唇、     

240例雄激素性脱发患者病因学相关因素调查分析

目的探讨影响雄激素性脱发发生的相关因素。方法采用统一设计的调查表对240例AGA患者进行调查。采用SPSS10．0统计软件进行统计学分析。结果AGA发病男性多于女性,发病年龄有年轻化趋向,集中于高学历、脑力劳动强度大的人群。68．8％的AGA患者自评精神状况欠佳,46．7％患者有睡眠障碍表现。54．6％患者有辛辣、肥甘等特殊饮食嗜好;53．3％患者有家族遗传史,且病情越重遗传因素的作用越大。结论AGA是一个多因素相关的疾病。年龄、职业、文化程度、精神状况、遗传、内分泌等因素均与其发病有关。精神因素作为AGA的发病原因之一不容忽视,提示我们在药物治疗AGA的同时引入适当的心理治疗。     

多囊卵巢综合征患者临床表型与家族史的相关性研究

目的探讨多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）患者不同临床表型与家族史的相关性,研究遗传因素在PCOS发病中的作用。方法选取2010-2011年于本院就诊的PCOS患者146例,根据体重指数（BMI）将患者分为肥胖型PCOS（BMI＞25kg/m^2）60例和非肥胖型PCOS（BMI＜25kg/m^2）86例。记录所有患者的年龄、身高、体重、月经史、多毛及痤疮情况,测定空腹血糖（FBG）和空腹胰岛素（FINS）水平;采用家系调查表收集患者家族史,并加以对照研究。结果两组患者年龄、多毛、痤疮情况均无统计学差异（均P＞0.05）。肥胖型PCOS患者胰岛素抵抗（IR）发生率高于非肥胖型患者（P＜0.01）。有家族肥胖史的患者更易发生肥胖型PCOS,而亚组分析提示父系肥胖会导致患者肥胖型PCOS患病风险增加（P＜0.05）,母系肥胖对PCOS的临床表型影响无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;两组患者其余家族史方面比较均无统计学差异（均P＞0.05）。结论 PCOS患者的临床表型与代谢性疾病家族史具有一定相关性,有家族肥胖史的患者更易得肥胖型PCOS,且父系肥胖影响更大,提示和代谢相关的遗传基因可能在PCOS家族遗传中扮演重要角色。     

糖尿病家族史与妊娠期糖尿病的相关性

目的:探讨糖尿病家族史与妊娠糖尿病的关系。方法:于2004年12月～2005年9月对天津市区怀孕26～30周孕妇行口服50 g葡萄糖筛查试验,阳性妇女共896人,再行75 g口服葡萄糖耐量试验,发现妊娠糖尿病妇女共367例,并对这些妇女做糖尿病家族史调查。结果:糖尿病家族史是妊娠糖尿病的高危因素,妊娠糖尿病妇女有糖尿病家族史者占31.88%,两代母系(母亲及外祖母)遗传倾向明显大于两代父系(父亲及祖父)。结论:妊娠糖尿病与家族遗传有关,并且妊娠糖尿病的发生具有母系遗传大于父系遗传的倾向。     

脂溢性脱发与现代生活方式关系探讨

脂溢性脱发亦称早秃、雄激素源性脱发,为进行性的头发密度减少,和两性到(70～80)岁发生的老年性脱发不同.本病可有家族史,此病的发展伴有正常水平的雄激素,但遗传的素质使头发对雄激素的生物学作用敏感性增加.受现代生活方式的影响,脱发在(15～20)岁的年青人中日益增多,而许多不良的牛活方式是导致脱发的元凶.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.