Lower limb muscle strength is associated with functional performance and quality of life in patients with systemic sclerosis

Background:

Complaints of peripheral muscle weakness are quite common in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc). It is likely that the muscle impairments may reduce the patients'' exercise performance, which in turn may decrease their functional capacity and exert a direct impact on their quality of life.

Objectives:

To assess the peripheral and respiratory muscle strength in individuals with SSc and to investigate their correlation with the 6-min walk distance (6MWD) and quality of life measurements. Moreover, we aimed to characterize their nutritional status, pulmonary function, functional capacity, and quality of life compared to the controls.

Method:

The present cross-sectional study included 20 patients with SSc and 20 control subjects. All of the participants were subjected to isometric dynamometry, surface electromyography, bioelectrical impedance analysis, pulmonary function testing, and the 6-min walk test. Patients with SSc also responded to the Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) and the Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index (HAQ-DI).

Results:

The individuals with SSc exhibited a reduction in quadriceps strength (p=0.0001), increased quadriceps fatigability (p=0.034), impaired pulmonary function, and a reduced 6MWD (p=0.0001) compared to the controls. Quadriceps strength was significantly correlated with the 6MWD (Rho=0.719; p=0.0004) and the HAQ-DI (Rho=-0.622; p=0.003). We also found significant correlations between quadriceps fatigability and maximal inspiratory (Rho=0.684; p=0.0009) and maximal expiratory (Rho=0.472; p=0.035) pressure.

Conclusions:

Patients with SSc exhibited reduced respiratory muscle and quadriceps strength and an increase in its fatigability. In these individuals, there was a relationship between quadriceps strength, functional capacity, and quality of life.     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者运动能力与生活质量的相关性研究

目的:探讨慢性阻塞性肺疾病(chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,COPD)患者运动能力、生活质量现状及相关性。方法:2018年9月至2019年5月对复旦大学附属中山医院154例COPD患者进行横断面调查,采用6 min行走距离(six-minute walk distance,6 MWD)评估患者运动能力,使用一般资料调查表、圣·乔治呼吸问卷(SGRQ)进行调查分析。结果:患者6 MWD为(379.65±121.05)m; SGRQ问卷得分为(42.12±17.54)分;6 MWD与SGRQ得分负相关,差异有统计学意义(r=-0.422,P0.001);患者的年龄、体质量指数(BMI)、吸烟指数、疾病严重程度和6 MWD对生活质量(SGRQ得分)有影响;6 MWD、高龄、吸烟指数和BMI是患者生活质量水平的影响因素。结论:COPD患者生活质量、运动能力处于较低水平。生活质量与运动能力、年龄、BMI等显著相关。     

One-year effect of a supervised exercise programme on functional capacity and quality of life in peripheral arterial disease

Purpose: Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a chronic, progressive disease with a significant cardiovascular and cerebrovascular risk burden and a considerable impact on functional capacity and quality of life (QoL). Exercise programmes result in significant improvements in walking distances but long-term effects are uncertain. The aim of this study was to assess the one-year effects of participation in a 12-week supervised exercise programme on functional capacity and QoL for PAD patients. Methods: Patients were randomly allocated to a control (n = 16) or an exercise (n = 28) group. Data regarding functional capacity (Walking Impairment Questionnaire WIQ), disease-specific QoL (Intermittent Claudication Questionnaire ICQ) and generic QoL (SF-36) were collected at baseline, 12 weeks and 1 year. Results: At 12 weeks, there was a trend towards improved QoL in both groups, with a tendency for greater improvement in the exercise group (p = 0.066) and a trend towards improved functional capacity (WIQ Stair-climbing p = 0.093) in the exercise group. At 1 year, ICQ scores in the exercise group were considerably better than those in the control group (p = 0.058), reflecting improved QoL and maintenance of benefits. Conclusions: Participation in a supervised exercise programme results in improvements in functional capacity and QoL at 1 year post-participation.

Implications for Rehabilitation

• Peripheral arterial disease has a considerable impact on functional capacity and quality of life

• Functional capacity and quality of life are improved in patients with peripheral arterial disease up to 1 year post-participation in supervised exercise

• Improvements at 1 year are reduced from those noted immediately following an exercise programme

     

肌力练习对膝关节骨关节炎肌肉软弱的影响

目的 :了解肌力练习对膝关节骨关节炎患者肌肉软弱的影响。方法 :对照比较 2 6个患肢 3— 6周肌力练习前后和 19个患肢被动活动前后的等速运动肌力参数。结果 :两组均表现出不同程度的肌力增加 ,肌力练习组在减轻肌肉软弱上更为成功。结论 :肌力练习可通过募集来减轻骨关节炎患者的肌肉抑制。     

高强度吸气肌抗阻训练对支气管扩张患者运动能力及生活质量的影响

目的:观察高强度吸气肌抗阻训练对支气管扩张患者运动能力及生活质量的影响。方法:采用随机数字表法将60例支气管扩张患者分为观察组及对照组,每组30例。观察组采用PowerBreak型吸气肌训练器进行吸气肌抗阻训练,训练时将吸气阻力值设定为70%最大吸气压(MIP)水平,重复呼吸30次为1组,每天训练2组,每周训练3 d,...     

Functional exercise capacity,physical activity,and respiratory and peripheral muscle strength in pulmonary hypertension according to disease severity

[Purpose] This study investigated functional capacity, physical activity, and respiratory and peripheral muscle strength in different functional classes of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) compared with healthy subjects. [Subjects and Methods] This study included 31 patients with class II (n = 16) or class III (n = 15) PAH, classified according to the World Health Organization. Fifteen healthy subjects served as controls. Functional capacity was assessed using the 6-minute walk test (6MWT). Physical activity was determined using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form (IPAQ-SF). Respiratory muscle strength was measured using a mouth pressure device. Peripheral muscle strength was evaluated using a dynamometer. [Results] The 3 groups had similar demographic variables (p > 0.05). There were significant differences in 6MWT distance, maximal inspiratory pressure, and IPAQ categorical classification between the 3 groups (p < 0.05). Maximal expiratory pressure; total IPAQ score; and knee extensor, shoulder abductor, and hand grip strength were significantly lower in PAH patients (classes II and III) than in healthy subjects (p < 0.05). [Conclusion] As PAH progresses, respiratory muscle strength, functional exercise capacity, and physical activity decrease. Functional class should be taken into consideration when planning rehabilitation programs for this patient group.Key words: Pulmonary hypertension, Functional capacity, Physical activity     

Effect of upper extremity proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation combined with elastic resistance bands on respiratory muscle strength: a randomized controlled trial

Background

Elastic resistance bands (ERB) combined with proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) are often used in resistance muscle training programs, which have potential effects on peripheral muscle strength. However, the effects of the combination of ERB and PNF on respiratory muscle strength warrant further investigation.

Objectives

The assessment of the effects of PNF combined with ERB on respiratory muscle strength.

Method

Twenty healthy, right-handed females were included. Subjects were randomized to either the resistance training program group (TG, n=10) or the control group (CG, n=10). Maximal expiratory pressure (MEP) and inspiratory pressure (MIP) were measured before and after four weeks of an upper extremity resistance training program. The training protocol consisted of upper extremity PNF combined with ERB, with resistance selected from 1 repetition maximum protocol.

Results

PNF combined with ERB showed significant increases in MIP and MEP (p<0.05). In addition, there were significant differences between the TG and CG regarding ∆MIP (p=0.01) and ∆MEP (p=0.04).

Conclusions

PNF combined with ERB can have a positive impact on respiratory muscle strength. These results may be useful with respect to cardiopulmonary chronic diseases that are associated with reduced respiratory muscle strength.     

呼吸训练对中晚期化疗肺癌患者呼吸功能及生活质量的影响研究

目的探讨呼吸训练对中晚期化疗肺癌患者呼吸功能及生活质量的影响。方法将60例晚期肺癌的患者采用计算机编号分组的方法随机分为观察组和对照组,各30例,均给予EP方案化疗,对照组给予常规护理,观察组在对照组基础上指导教授呼吸训练,比较锻炼前后患者的呼吸功能的变化及生活质量。结果观察组锻炼后的FVE1、FVE1/FVC、FVE1%大于对照组(P0.05);观察组锻炼后的躯体疼痛、社会功能、心理功能、活力等方面的生活质量均高于对照组(P0.05)。结论呼吸训练够提高中晚期化疗肺癌患者的呼吸功能,改善患者的生活质量。     

Association between respiratory and postural adaptations and self-perception of school-aged children with mouth breathing in relation to their quality of life

Objective:

To investigate the respiratory and postural adaptations associated with mouth and nasal breathing and to evaluate the associations of such adaptations in mouth breathers'' self-perceived quality of life.

Method:

Cross-sectional study with mouth breathers (initial n=116 and final n=48) and nasal breathers (initial n=131 and final n=24) from elementary school, aged between 7 and 14 years. Chest expansion, using cirtometry, the breathing pattern and the use of accessory muscles, by means of clinical evaluations and photogrammetry, and flexibility tests were evaluated in both groups. Subsequently, the mouth breathers were asked to complete the quality of life questionnaire. Statistical tests: Chi-square, odds ratio, Mann-Whitney, and binomial tests were first applied followed by logistic regressions.

Results:

Thoracic breathing (p=0.04), using of accessory muscles (p=0.03) and reductions in flexibility (p=0.001) increased the chances of an individual being a mouth breather when compared to nasal breathers. Subsequently, using of accessory muscles decreased the chances of snoring among mouth breathers (p=0.03); the presence of shoulder asymmetry reduced the chances of experiencing quiet sleep (p=0.05) and increased the chances of coughing or being tired when playing or running (p=0.008). Finally, forward head position reduced the chances of waking up at night (p=0.04) and experiencing shortness of breath (p=0.05).

Conclusions:

Respiratory and postural adaptations increased the chances of individuals persisting with mouth breathing. Additionally, these adaptations could be associated with mouth breathers'' self-perceived quality of life.     

Individual optimization of pacing sensors improves exercise capacity without influencing quality of life

INTRODUCTION: Programmable pacemaker sensor features are frequently used in default setting. Limited data are available about the effect of sensor optimization on exercise capacity and quality of life (QOL). Influence of individual optimization of sensors on QOL and exercise tolerance was investigated in a randomized, single blind study in patients with VVIR, DDDR, or AAIR pacemakers. METHODS: Patients with > or =75% pacing were randomized to optimized sensor settings (OSS) or default sensor setting (DSS). Standardized optimization was performed using three different exercise tests. QOL questionnaires (QOL-q: Hacettepe, Karolinska, and RAND-36) were used for evaluation of the sensor optimization. One month before and after optimization, exercise capacity using chronotropic assessment exercise protocol and the three QOL-q were assessed. RESULTS: Fifty-four patients (26 male, 28 female) with a mean age of 65 +/- 16 years were enrolled in the study. In each group (OSS and DSS) 27 patients were included. One month after sensor optimization, the achieved maximal heart rate (HR) and metabolic workload (METS) were significantly higher in OSS when compared with DSS (124 +/- 28 bpm vs 108 +/- 20 bpm, P = 0.036; 7.3 +/- 4 METS vs 4.9 +/- 4 METS, P = 0.045). Highest HR and METS were achieved in patients with pacemakers with accessible sensor algorithms. In patients with automatic slope settings (33%), exercise capacity did not improve after sensor optimization. QOL did not improve in OSS compared with DSS. CONCLUSION: After 1 month of individual optimization of rate response pacemakers, exercise capacity was improved and maximum HR increased, although QOL remained unchanged. Accessible pacemaker sensor algorithms are mandatory for individual optimization.     

延续性护理结合强化呼吸功能锻炼对支气管哮喘患儿肺功能及生活质量的影响

目的探讨延续性护理结合强化呼吸功能锻炼对支气管哮喘患儿肺功能及生活质量的影响。方法选取本院儿科收治的56例支气管哮喘患儿为研究对象,将其随机分为对照组(28例,常规护理)和观察组(28例,延续性护理+强化呼吸功能锻炼)。比较两组的哮喘控制效果、肺功能指标、生活质量及家属满意度。结果观察组的哮喘总控制率明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。护理后,两组的FEV1、PEF、FVC及PAQLQ各项评分均升高,且观察组高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组的家属满意度明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论支气管哮喘患儿采用延续性护理结合强化呼吸功能锻炼可有效控制哮喘,改善肺功能,提高患儿生活质量及家属满意度。     

有氧联合阻抗运动对脑卒中患者运动功能及生活质量的影响

目的探讨有氧联合阻抗运动对脑卒中患者运动功能及生活质量的影响。方法选取80例脑卒中患者,按随机数字表法分为对照组(有氧运动+常规康复模式)与观察组(常规康复模式+有氧运动+阻抗运动),比较2组运动功能情况、血糖、血脂及血清同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、超敏C-反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、血沉(ESR)的变化。结果观察组RMI、S-MFFM(上肢)、S-MFFM(下肢)、生活质量评分显著高于对照组(P0.05),生活质量评分也显著高于对照组(P0.05)。2组干预前后血糖、血脂水平及Hcy、hs-CRP、ESR均显著改善(P0.05),且观察组改善程度更为显著(P0.05)。结论脑卒中患者采取有氧联合阻抗运动能有效改善其运动功能及生活质量。     

呼吸肌训练改善老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者肺功能和生活质量

目的:观察呼吸肌训练对老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病(chronicobstructivepulmonarydisease,COPD)患者肺功能和生活质量的影响。方法:采用单纯随机配对分组,将89例符合COPD诊断标准的Ⅱ～Ⅲ级缓解期患者分为呼吸肌训练组(A组,n=45)和非呼吸肌训练组(B组,n=44)。A组患者由专科医师教会呼吸肌训练方法(缩唇-腹式呼吸法和呼吸肌运动体操),并定期随访督导。监测两组治疗前、6个月后第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)、FEV1与用力肺活量(FVC)比值(FEV1/FVC)、血气分析指标卧位动脉血氧分压(PaO2)和二氧化碳分压(PaCO2)的变化;同时进行生活质量评分对比。结果:经6个月的督导治疗,两组肺功能FEV1,FEV1/FVC(%)和Pa-CO2犤A组:(1.8±0.7)L,(69.5±12.1)%,(5.4±0.4)kPa;B组:(1.5±0.6)L,(56.4±11.5)%,(7.0±0.7)kPa犦的差别有显著性意义(t=2.47、2.38、2.56,P均<0.05),PaO2犤A组:(11.5±0.8)kPa;B组:(8.5±0.9)kPa犦的差别有非常显著性意义(t=3.54,P<0.01);两组生活质量总均分、F1、F2、F3、F4犤A组:2.10±0.26,2.18±0.28,2.11±0.23,2.09±0.25,2.26±0.29;B组:2.37±0.34,2.31±0.30,2.32±0.32,2.41±0.35,2.46±0.38犦的差别有显著性意义(t=2.41,2.52,2.39,2.62,2.35,P均<0.05)。结论:呼吸肌训练不仅能明显改善老年COPD患者生     

绳带捆绑技术对脑梗死偏瘫患者肌力水平及生活质量的影响

目的 分析绳带捆绑技术对脑梗死偏瘫患者肌力水平及生活质量的影响,为其临床治疗提供参考依据.方法 选取2018年1月至2019年12月我院收治的120例脑梗死偏瘫患者作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将其分为对照组和观察组,每组60例.两组均给予常规对症治疗,对照组在此基础上采用常规运动疗法,观察组在对照组基础上采用绳带捆绑...     

反复促通技术联合针灸对脑梗死患者功能恢复及生存质量的影响分析

目的：观察反复促通技术（RFE）联合针灸治疗对脑梗死患者功能恢复及生存质量的影响。方法：选取符合标准的60例脑梗死患者,随机分为针灸组、RFE组、联合组3组各20例。3组均进行常规康复治疗,针灸组增加针灸治疗,RFE组增加反复促通技术治疗,联合组增加针灸联合反复促通技术治疗,每周5次,共治疗4周。于治疗前后比较3组患者的Barthel日常生活指数（BI）、Fugl-Meyer运动功能评分（FMA）以及脑卒中专用生存质量评分（SS-QOL）。结果：治疗4周后,3组患者的BI、FMA、SS-QOL评分均较治疗前显著提高（均P＜0.01）,且联合组BI、FMA及SS-QOL评分均高于其余两组（均P＜0.05）,针灸组和RFE组比较差异无统计学意义。结论：对于脑梗死患者,在常规康复训练基础上运用反复促通技术联合针灸可以显著改善其运动功能及日常生活活动能力,提高患者的生存质量。     

Comparison of respiratory muscles activity and exercise capacity in patients with idiopathic scoliosis and healthy individuals

Abstract

Purpose: Idiopathic scoliosis causes respiratory muscles weakness and reduced exercise capacity. However, the mechanism of these symptoms is still unknown. The main objective of this study was to determine the intensity of respiratory muscle activity and exercise capacity in patients with idiopathic scoliosis in comparison with healthy people. Subjects: In this study, 20 female patients with adult idiopathic scoliosis (10 mild and 10 moderate) as well as 10 healthy matched individuals with characteristics of the patients were selected. Methods: The subjects were fatigued through a maximal incremental cycle ergometry protocol. Meanwhile, the electromyography values of the external intercostal muscles and diaphragm were recorded bilaterally, and fatigue duration was determined. Results: The root mean square of concave external intercostal muscles and concave diaphragm in patients with idiopathic scoliosis was significantly reduced during the fatiguing exercise protocol compared with healthy individuals. The median frequencies of the two sides differed significantly and were lower in patients with moderate scoliosis than healthy subjects. Fatigue duration (minutes) also was lower in patients with moderate scoliosis than healthy subjects. Conclusions: Scoliosis causes respiratory muscle weakness and reduced fatigue duration in response to mild physical activity compared with healthy subjects and these dysfunctions appear to be related to the severity of scoliosis curvature (moderate > mild).