Peripapillary changes after vitrectomy and silicone oil tamponade for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment

Purpose:To evaluate the peripapillary changes after vitrectomy and silicone oil (SO) tamponade in eyes with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD).Methods:In this study, 25-gauge vitrectomy with SO tamponade was performed in 22 eyes with RRD. The radial peripapillary capillary (RPC) vessel density (VD) and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFLT) were assessed by optical coherence tomography angiography at 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks postoperatively. The values of healthy fellow eyes were used as controls.Results:The global RPC VDs were significantly lower in the eyes with RRD than in fellow healthy eyes at 2 weeks (P < 0.001), and increased at 4 weeks, then decreased over time after surgery (F = 1.046, P = 0.377). The RPC VDs in the superior-hemifield were lower than those in the inferior-hemifield at 12 weeks postoperatively (t = −2.844, P = 0.010). The global RNFLTs decreased gradually after vitrectomy in the eyes with RRD (F = 1.312, P = 0.276). The RNFLTs in the superior-hemifield were thinner than those in the inferior-hemifield at 12 weeks postoperatively (t = −2.222, P = 0.037). The global, superior, and inferior RNFLTs were correlated with corresponding RPC VDs in the eyes with RRD at all time-points postoperatively (P < 0.05).Conclusion:RRD resulted in the decrease of RPC VDs. The RPC VDs recovered in the early postoperative period but were still lower than the normal level. Long-term application of SO tamponade resulted in the reduction of peripapillary VDs secondary to loss of RNFLTs.     

Inferior retinal detachment with silicone oil tamponade

Silicone oil is a valuable surgical tool to treat severe retinal detachment (RD). However, following surgery, remaining RD or the appearance of inferior RD with silicone tamponade is a delicate situation. Anamnesis and careful examination should provide a suitable treatment. Silicon oil removal will be considered after treatment of this residual RD. The endocular approach may be required: dissection of vitreoretinal proliferation, phakoexeresis, or retinectomy, whereas complementary indentation, subretinal fluid puncture, and scleral shortening are external therapeutic methods. One of the frequent causes of these persistent RDs is the presence or the progression of a more or less large and extended anterior vitreoretinal proliferation, which will sometimes require extended silicon oil tamponade. Indeed, after a certain time has elapsed, the existence of a genuine retinal adhesion disease makes a durable reapplication without internal tamponade impossible.     

Retinal displacement following pars plana vitrectomy with silicone oil tamponade for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment

International Ophthalmology - To evaluate the frequency of retinal displacement after pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) using silicone oil tamponade in patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment...     

重硅油填充术治疗硅油眼复发性视网膜脱离9例临床观察

目的:观察重硅油作为眼内填充物治疗硅油眼复发性视网膜脱离的临床效果。方法:2008-01/2009-06期间我院收治的硅油眼复发性视网膜脱离患者9例9眼,均采用取油、剥膜、视网膜复位、重硅油填充术。其中男6例,女3例;年龄23～45(平均33.78±6.89)岁;原有眼球穿通伤6例、孔源性视网膜脱离3例;伴不同程度的视网膜前及下增殖。重硅油填充术前手术次数1～3次,接受1次手术1例、2次手术5例、3次手术3例。患者随访观察时间3～10mo。所有患者先行硅油取出然后依病情联合剥膜、重水应用、激光、冷凝、气液交换等,最后行重硅油填充。结果:术后1wk全部病例视网膜均获复位,复位率100%。随访期间总共4例发生视网膜再脱离,视网膜脱离最早出现为术后1.5mo,最迟出现为术后3mo,2例为重硅油存留时发生,2例为重硅油取出术后,复位率56%;最后一次随访时视力较术前改善者5例,改善率56%;7例术后眼压较术前有升高,药物均可控制;9例术后前房均有反应,且持续时间较长,2～3mo;本组病例重硅油填充术后均发生乳化现象,最短2wk即发现乳化小滴,最长3mo,平均2.08±0.58mo。结论:重硅油填充治疗复杂性视网膜脱离应严格掌握适应证、密切随访观察减少并发症的发生。     

SD-OCT评估孔源性视网膜脱离硅油填充术后黄斑区微结构的改变

目的:应用频域光学相干断层成像(SD-OCT)评估孔源性视网膜脱离(RRD)硅油填充术后黄斑区微结构的改变。方法:选取2019-11/2021-07就诊于沧州爱尔眼科医院行玻璃体切除联合硅油填充术的RRD患者27例27眼纳入观察组,另选取健康志愿者30例30眼纳入对照组。观察患者手术前后最佳矫正视力(BCVA),并使用SD-OCT量化评估术后黄斑区微结构的改变情况。结果:观察组术后1wk, 3mo BCVA(LogMAR)(0.61±0.23、0.69±0.34)较术前(1.43±0.77)均改善(均P<0.01)。观察组术后3mo黄斑区立方体体积、立方体平均厚度较术后1wk, 1mo及对照组均降低(均P<0.05)。观察组术后1wk, 1、3mo平均神经节细胞-内丛状层(GCIPL)厚度、GCIPL最小厚度、平均黄斑区视网膜神经纤维层(mRNFL)厚度、mRNFL最小厚度均无差异,但较对照组均降低(均P<0.01)。术后随访观察组发生视网膜下积液(SRF)9眼,SRF有逐渐吸收的趋势,但其中1眼继发黄斑裂孔;椭圆体带中断3眼,有逐渐修复趋势;黄斑区视网膜下重水残留2...     

视网膜脱离硅油充填术继发性青光眼临床观察

目的 探讨视网膜脱离硅油充填术继发性青光眼的相关因素及硅油取出对继发性青光眼的影响。方法 统计玻璃体切除硅油充填术视网膜复位后行硅油取出的病例，并对继发性青光眼的发生及其转归进行了随访观察。结果 120例121眼中25眼发生继发性青光眼(20．66％)，硅油取出后经1-3月随访23眼眼压降至正常，2眼药物控制。结论 随着硅油在眼内停留时间的延长继发性青光眼的发生率明显增加，玻璃体切除硅油充填术后以在视网膜复位后3-6月取出为宜。一旦发生继发性青光眼即是硅油取出的指征。     

Conventional buckling surgery or primary vitrectomy with silicone oil tamponade in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment with multiple breaks

Background There is controversy about the most appropriate operating methods for complicated rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RD) including multiple tears, and surgical techniques may be changed according to the preference of the surgeon. In this retrospective study, we compared the surgical results of conventional buckling surgery and vitrectomy with silicone oil tamponade for rhegmatogenous (RD) with multiple breaks.Methods Thirty patients who underwent scleral buckling surgery (group 1) and 22 patients who underwent pars plana vitrectomy with silicone oil tamponade (group 2) as the primary surgery for rhegmatogenous RD with multiple breaks were included in this study. The follow-up period was longer than 6 months after surgery. The anatomical success rates and complications were evaluated for both groups.Results Retinal reattachment was achieved in 24 of 30 eyes (80%) in group 1 and in 20 of 22 eyes (90.9%) in group 2 after the initial surgery. In group 1, subretinal hemorrhage developed due to the drainage of subretinal fluid in 2 eyes (6.6%) intraoperatively. Elevated intraocular pressure (3.3%), ocular motility disturbances (13.2%), and proliferative vitreoretinopathy (3.3%) were seen in the postoperative period. In group 2, iatrogenic breaks (7.3%) and lens damage (9.09%) occurred during the operation. Macular pucker (4.5%), postoperative cataract progression (22.7%), ocular hypertension (9.09%) and PVR (9.09%) were noted postoperatively.Conclusions Both surgical procedures can achieve favorable and comparable anatomic outcomes in the majority of patients in the treatment of RD with multiple breaks. Intra-and postoperative complications are different in the two procedures.     

Evaluation of macular vessel density changes after vitrectomy with silicone oil tamponade in patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment

AIM: To assess the long-term effects of intraocular bevacizumab (Avastin®) injections as an adjunctive drug to manage patients with neovascular glaucoma (NVG). METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted consisting of thirty-four eyes with secondary NVG caused by proliferative diabetic retinopathy (n=25), ischemic central retinal vein occlusion (n=8), and retinal ischemia resulting from persistent detachment (n=1) were managed by intraocular injections of bevacizumab (1.25 mg/0.05 mL), in addition to other treatments. The main outcome measure was the change in the degree of iris neovascularization. Secondary outcomes included intraocular pressure and the number of additional interventions or antiglaucoma medications administered after injection. RESULTS: All patients were followed-up for at least 12mo. At the last follow‐up, complete regression of rubeosis irides was detectable in 13 (38%) eyes and incomplete regression in 21 eyes (62%). The mean intraocular pressure was 45.32±7.185 mm Hg at baseline and significantly decreased to 26.15±5.679 mm Hg at the last follow‐up visit (P<0.000005). Patients received an average of 4.97 injections. Additional treatments were laser photocoagulation in 12 eyes (35.3%) and retinocryopexy procedure in six eyes (17.6%). No further treatment was needed in 16 eyes (47.1%). CONCLUSION: Intravitreal bevacizumab injection can have a favorable effect in controlling intraocular pressure and pain control in patients with NVG because it decreases the angiogenesis and helps to augment the results of conventional procedures. The primary cause of retinal ischemia should be always targeted.     

40 years of incomplete silicone oil tamponade after retinal detachment surgery

INTRODUCTION: Since the early 1970 s, silicone oil injection was used for the treatment of complicated retinal detachments. Especially in this early period, the possible complications of silicone oil tamponade were difficult to assess. Today, we strive to reduce the duration of silicone oil tamponade - aiming at a removal within 3 - 6 months. A permanent tamponade is reserved for special situations. PATIENT AND METHOD: We report on a 53-year-old male patient, who underwent retinal surgery and was followed-up for 40 years. RESULTS: After a blunt trauma at the age of 13 the patient developed a macula-off retinal detachment. An encircling procedure (Arruga suture) with combined incomplete silicone oil injection was performed. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) preoperatively was 20 / 60 and 20 / 100 was attained postoperatively. As a complication of silicone oil tamponade a localised cataract formation was observed. At the last visit BCVA was 20 / 200. No other silicone oil-related complications were noticed. CONCLUSION: Long-term silicone oil tamponade over a considerable period of 40 years was well tolerated without significant complications. The incomplete silicone oil filling of the vitreous cavity may be responsible for the lack of serious side effects and segmental cataract.     

Long-term outcomes of heavy silicone oil tamponade for complicated retinal detachment

PURPOSE: To assess the long-term success rates and complications of heavy silicone oil tamponade (Oxane HD) in the management of complicated retinal detachment with proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR). METHODS: Twenty-one eyes of 21 patients with complicated retinal detachment and PVR were included in this study. Vitreoretinal surgery with heavy silicone oil (Oxane HD) tamponade was performed in all patients. Heavy silicone oil was injected by perfluorocarbon liquid-air-silicone oil exchange, and was removed after 3 months. The main outcomes of the surgery including the success and complication rates were evaluated during the mean follow-up period of 11.4+/-0.88 months. Wilcoxon signed ranks test was used for statistical analysis of visual acuity changes. The outcomes of our study were compared with those of the previous studies. RESULTS: All eyes had complicated retinal detachment with PVR Grade C3 or worse. Retinal detachment was rhegmatogenous in 6 eyes, secondary to previous detachment surgery in 11 eyes, secondary to proliferative diabetic retinopathy in 3 eyes, and secondary to perforating eye injury in 1 eye. The overall anatomic success rate was 80.9% at the end of the follow-up period. The overall visual success rate was 42.8%, with no statistically significant difference from baseline (p>0.05). Postoperative complications included severe reproliferation (4 eyes), intraocular pressure rise (3 eyes), anterior dislocation of silicone oil (2 eyes), posterior subcapsular cataract formation (4 eyes), vitreous hemorrhage (1 eye), rubeosis iridis (3 eyes), optic atrophy (1 eye), and ocular pain and photophobia (21 eyes). CONCLUSIONS: According to the results of this study, vitreoretinal surgery with temporary heavy silicone oil tamponade appears to increase the anatomic success rates with minimal complication rate in cases with complicated retinal detachment and PVR.     

改良硅油取出联合巩膜扣带术治疗硅油填充术后视网膜脱离

目的：探讨改良硅油取出联合巩膜扣带术治疗硅油填充状态下视网膜脱离的效果。

方法：回顾性研究。选取2021-01/2023-02于我院治疗的硅油填充状态下视网膜脱离的患者14例14眼,采用改良硅油取出联合巩膜扣带术进行治疗。硅油取出方法采用自制的23 G抽吸器,即将一次性输血器的针管取出,靠近乳头端剪至2.5-3.0 mm,另一端连接已去除推注手柄的10 mL注射器,注射器另一端连接玻璃体切割器的负压系统,进行硅油取出; 巩膜扣带术中外加压块采用外加压复合体; 术后未重新注入硅油。随访6 mo,观察术后视网膜复位、最佳矫正视力(BCVA)、眼压和并发症等情况。

结果：术后6 mo,视网膜完全复位13眼,视网膜复位率达93%,BCVA(LogMAR)较术前改善(0.95±0.18 vs 1.15±0.21,P=0.002)。术后1 d出现一过性高眼压6眼,药物控制后恢复正常。术中未见视网膜出血、嵌顿、医源性裂孔等并发症,术后未出现眼内炎、脉络膜脱离等并发症。

结论：改良硅油取出联合巩膜扣带术可以有效治疗硅油填充状态下视网膜脱离,促使视网膜再复位。     

Vitreous as tamponade in healing of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment

The condition of the vitreous body was assessed by a photographic method after surgical treatment in 116 patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment showing horseshoe-shaped retinal breaks. The condition was classified into three groups: 1) the cortical vitreous covered the retinal break under both static and kinetic conditions (complete type), 2) the cortical vitreous covered the break only under the static condition (incomplete type), and 3) the break was not covered by the cortical vitreous (uncovered type). The success rate of the primary surgery was 100% in both the complete and incomplete types, but it was 58% in the uncovered type, where the final success rate after the second surgery was only 89%. The radial retinal folds were found after surgery at a high incidence in the uncovered type. The time required for disappearance of the subretinal fluid was shorter in the complete than in the incomplete type; in the uncovered type it took a long time for the subretinal fluid to diminish. It was concluded that the cortical vitreous served as a tamponade to prevent vitreous fluid flow into the subretinal space, thus facilitating reattachment of the retina.     

25G玻璃体切割术后空气与硅油填充治疗孔源性视网膜脱离的疗效比较

目的:比较25G玻璃体切割术(PPV)联合空气或硅油填充治疗孔源性视网膜脱离(RRD)的疗效。方法:前瞻性随机对照研究。收集2018-01/12经我院确诊的RRD患者146例146眼,根据25G PPV术后眼内填充物分为空气组(60例60眼)和硅油组(86例86眼)。术后随访6~12mo,分析两组患者最佳矫正视力(BCVA)、眼压、视网膜解剖复位率及并发症情况。结果:术后1mo,空气组患者BCVA为0.45±0.5,硅油组为0.78±0.65,两组患者BCVA均较术前明显改善,且空气组患者BCVA明显优于硅油组(均P<0.05)。术后3mo,空气组患者视网膜解剖复位率(93.3%)低于硅油组(97.7%),但无差异;术后6mo,两组患者视网膜解剖复位率均为100.0%。本研究纳入患者术中主要并发症是医源性裂孔(6.8%),术后主要并发症是高眼压,术后早期(7d内)硅油眼高眼压比例明显高于空气组(P<0.001),但随访期间两组患者均未出现感染性眼内炎、脉络膜出血等严重并发症。结论:对于简单新鲜的RRD患者,25G PPV术后空气和硅油填充视网膜解剖复位率无差别,术后早期空气填充眼视力优于硅油填充眼,术后高眼压发生率更低。     

Definitive internal tamponade with silicone oil in certain cases of retinal detachment

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of definitively maintaining silicone oil in the treatment of certain cases of retinal detachment. MATERIAL and METHODS: Sixteen cases of retinal detachment seen from July 1995 to April 1999 were retrospectively studied. For these eyes with residual visual acuity, we voluntarily maintained silicone oil. There were 11 men and 5 women, mean age 56 (range 24 - 82). Followup ranged from 18 to 45 months. RESULTS: We analyzed visual acuity outcome, complications, and main reasons for maintaining longterm silicone oil CONCLUSION: This study provided interesting insight concerning certain clinical situations where silicone oil has to be maintained definitively. In some cases, low, but useful, visual acuity can be achieved for long periods of time. This therapeutic approach would be particularly helpful for mono-ophthalmic patients.     

重硅油在复杂性视网膜脱离手术中的应用

微创玻璃体手术的快速发展,为视网膜脱离的患者带来福音.许多以前无法治疗的复杂性视网膜脱离得到解剖复位,术后视力得以提高.良好的玻璃体替代物对玻璃体手术的疗效及技术的改进具有非常重要的意义.目前临床上常用的硅油和长效气体( C3F8)比重都比水小,对下方视网膜脱离顶压不足,而且术后患者要保持俯卧体位.重硅油比重比水大,可以对下方视网膜产生有效顶压.本文就重硅油的理化性质、临床应用、治疗效果及并发症等作一简要综述.     

硅油眼复发性视网膜脱离的特点及临床处理

目的 探讨硅油眼复发性视网膜脱离的特点及手术方法的选择.方法 回顾性分析本院2012年1月至2015年12月硅油填充术眼复发视网膜脱离者134例(134眼),采用玻璃体切割联合硅油置换术或巩膜外加压术治疗,术后随访6个月,评价手术效果.结果 101眼采用玻璃体切割联合硅油置换治疗,术后79眼视网膜复位,22眼视网膜复位失败者再次行玻璃体切割手术,成功率为78.2％ (79/101);视力提高者16眼,不变者56眼,下降者29眼;眼压升高超过25 mmHg(1 kPa=7.5mmHg)者31眼.33眼采用巩膜外加压治疗,23眼视网膜复位,10眼术后随访中发现视网膜未复位而改行玻璃体切割联合硅油置换术,成功率为69.7％ (23/33);视力提高者5眼,不变者16眼,下降者12眼;眼压升高超过25 mmHg者14眼.结论 对于下方或较周边的裂孔导致的局限性视网膜脱离,增生性玻璃体视网膜病变处于A或B级,屈光介质不影响眼底检查的病例,可选巩膜外加压术;对于裂孔位于后极部或较大裂孔导致的大范围视网膜脱离,并有较广泛的视网膜增殖或视网膜固定皱襞形成,建议选玻璃体联合硅油置换手术,松解牵拉,填充硅油.     

First experiences with high-density silicone oil (Densiron) as an intraocular tamponade in complex retinal detachment

Background In this study, we evaluated the anatomic and functional outcome and intraocular adverse effects after a 3-month endotamponade with Densiron 68, a mixture of F₆H₈ with silicone oil, in complex inferior re-detachments.Methods Forty-eight eyes of 48 patients aged 27–82 years with retinal re-detachment due to proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) grades CP1 to CA7 were included. Mean duration of the Densiron endotamponade was 108.7±66.9 days, with a mean follow-up after removal of 102.8±31.9 days.Results Twenty-two patients (45.8%) showed stable retinal reattachment after Densiron removal. Fourteen patients (29.2%) developed retinal re-detachment after removal, generally within 1 month and in the upper circumference (n=8). In 11 patients (22.9%) recurrent re-detachment (inferior n=8) appeared during Densiron endotamponade. In one eye (2.1%) treatment was primarily unsuccessful. Visual acuity improved from mean logMAR 1.66±1.03 to 1.47±0.97 (not statistically significant, P=0.257). Side effects included temporary inflammatory reaction (n=10), fibrin accumulation (n=6), sterile hypopyon (n=2), vitreous hemorrhage (n=6), elevated IOP (n=5), emulsification (n=4) and chronic hypotony (n=4).Conclusion The anatomical success rate without further interventions of 45.8% (22 of 48 patients) seems unsatisfactory. However, in evaluating the potential of Densiron, it should be considered that all patients in this study had previous surgery with standard procedures, including silicone oil, which had already failed. Intraoperative laser photocoagulation of the periphery of the upper quadrants might reduce the risk of retinal re-detachments.