高血压病早期肾脏损害相关指标的研究

目的探讨原发性高血压（EH）患者脉压与尿微量白蛋白（UmAlb）早期肾功能损害的相关性。方法对180例原发性高血压患者进行24小时动态血压监测,记录脉压（PP）值,按脉压（〉60mmHg与≤60mmHg,1mmHg;0．133kPa）分组,观察两组血尿素氮（BUN）、肌酐（Cr）、尿酸（UA）及尿微量白蛋白（UmAlb）变化及其与脉压值的相关性。结果脉压〉60mmHg组UA、UmAlb明显高于脉压≤60mmHg组（P〈0．01）;偏相关分析显示,UmAlb与收缩压（r：0．315,P〈0．05）、脉压（r=0．408,P〈0．01）呈正相关。结论脉压值能够很好地反映原发性高血压患者肾脏早期损害,是肾脏早期损害的重要危险因子;脉压大小与尿微量白蛋白严重程度密切相关,定期检测尿微量白蛋白对发现原发性高血压早期肾脏损害有重要的诊断价值。     

雷米普利对原发性高血压患者心率变异性的影响

目的：探讨雷米普利对原发性高血压患者心率变异性的影响。方法：204例原发性高血压患者（治疗组）口服雷米普利前、后做24小时动态心电图,40例健康查体者行24小时动态心电图作为对照组。结果：治疗组治疗前后PNN50（％）、SDNN（ms）、rMSDD（ms）、SDSD（ms）、SDANN（ms）及LF／HF比较差异有显著性（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）。治疗组收缩压／舒张压由用药前（151±16／107±9）mmHg降至用药后（128±14／81±8）mmHg（P〈0．05）。结论：雷米普利在降压的同时,可改善原发性高血压患者的心率变异性。     

原发性高血压患者脉压水平与尿微量白蛋白的相关性研究

目的:探讨原发性高血压患者脉压水平与尿微量白蛋白的相关性。方法:在我院住院治疗的原发性高血压患者156例,根据患者脉压水平将所有患者分为PP<60mmHg组(n=77)和PP≥60mmHg组(n=79),比较两组患者晨起尿微量白蛋白。结果:PP≥60 mmHg组患者LDL-C、空腹血糖显著高于PP<60mmHg组患者,差异具有统计学意义,P<0.01或P<0.05;PP≥60 mmHg组患者尿微量白蛋白水平以及异常比例均显著高于PP<60mmHg组患者,差异具有统计学意义,P<0.05;脉压水平与尿微量白蛋白水平之间存在显著正相关,r=0.467,P<0.05。结论:原发性高血压患者脉压水平与尿微量白蛋白密切相关。     

微量白蛋白尿与原发性高血压的相关性研究

目的探讨尿微量白蛋白检测与原发性高血压及脉压之间的相互关系.方法应用免疫散射比浊法检测尿微量白蛋白,对75例原发性高血压患者进行血压监测,按高血压级别及脉压(>60mmHg与≤60mmHg)进行分组,观察各组尿微量白蛋白变化与高血压及脉压之间关系.结果原发性高血压患者尿微量白蛋白均高于正常对照组(P<0.05,P<0.01),且脉压>60mmHg组尿微量白蛋白明显高于脉压≤60mmHg组(P<0.01).结论尿微量白蛋白可较早反映原发性高血压患者早期肾功能损伤的程度,为临床早期诊断及治疗提供依据.     

臂踝脉搏波传导速度与高血压患者的相关性研究

目的研究臂踝脉搏波传导速度（baPWV）与高血压患者的关系。方法应用日本COLIN公司生产的全自动动脉硬化检测仪VP-1000对195例确诊的原发性高血压患者和60例健康体检人员进行baPWV检测，按照诊断学教材高血压诊断及分级将高血压患者和健康体检人员分为高血压组和对照组，高血压组又分成1级、2级、3级3组，比较各组的baPWV值。结果高血压组患者与正常对照组比较，收缩压（SBP）、舒张压（DBP）、平均动脉压（MBP）、脉压（PP）、baPWV值在高血压组明显升高（均为P〈0．001）。高血压1级组、2级组、3级组的baPWV值分别为（1757．68&#177;257．23）、（2007．30&#177;343．96）、（2335．86&#177;297．02）cm／s，两两比较均具有显著性差异（均P〈0．01）。结论原发性高血压患者与健康体检者的baPWV存在显著差异，且在高血压患者中，随着血压升高baPWV也明显升高，可见血压高低与动脉硬化程度关系密切。     

高血压与高尿酸血症的相关性分析

目的探讨高血压与高尿酸血症之间的相关性。方法比较高血压病人和正常血压组的血尿酸水平,分析高血压与高尿酸血症之间的关系。结果高血压组平均血尿酸水平为（365.2&#177;130.2）μmol／L。其中,男性为（375．6&#177;126.3）μmol／L,女性为（347.5&#177;124.5）μmol／L。健康组平均血尿酸水平为（315.2&#177;102．8）μmol／L。其中,男性为（326.4&#177;108.3）μmol／L,女性为（310.6&#177;102.9）μmol／L。高血压组平均血尿酸水平明显高于健康组（P〈0．01）。结论高血压病与血尿酸水平密切相关。     

阿托伐他汀对代谢综合征腹内脂肪及其肾损害的影响

目的观察阿托伐他汀对代谢综合征（metabolic syndrome,MS）的腹内脂肪的影响及其与肾损害的关系。方法2004-2006年曾在我科住院并诊断为Ms的患者44例,按随机数字表法分成2组,在严格控制血压血糖的基础上,治疗组加用阿托伐他汀10mg,1次／d;对照组不予任何调脂药,观察两组血压、血糖、体质量、腹壁、腹内脂肪厚度及尿微量白蛋白（MAU）在12周治疗前后的变化。结果治疗组12周后患者的腹内脂肪厚度显著减少[非ACEI／ARB治疗：（41．76&#177;3．61）mm vs （33．23&#177;2．47）mm;ACEI／ARB治疗：（42．86&#177;3．49）mm vs （30．49&#177;2．87）mm,P〈0．01],尿微量白蛋白明显下降[非ACEI／ARB治疗：（77．59&#177;20．90）mg／24h vs （35．20&#177;14．45）mg／24h;ACEI／ARB治疗：（78．39&#177;19．78）mg／24h vs （32．91&#177;13．87）mg／24h,P〈0．05]。多因素分析显示对MAU增多有影响的危险因素依次为空腹血糖、甘油三酯、收缩压、年龄、腹内脂肪。结论阿托伐他汀可减少MS的腹内脂肪厚度,并对肾损害有保护作用,可能与减少内脏脂肪有关。     

探讨原发性高血压患者脉压与微量白蛋白尿和动脉粥样硬化的关系

目的：探讨原发性高血压（EH）患者脉压（PP）与早期肾损害指标微量白蛋白尿（MAU）和动脉粥样硬化的早期征象颈动脉内膜中层厚度（C-IMT）之间的关系。方法：116名EH患者根据PP水平分为3组,对3组的MAU、C-IMT;斑块发生率、血清超敏C反应蛋白（hs-CRP）、血尿素氮（BUN）、肌酐（Cr）、尿酸（UA）、总胆固醇（TC）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、甘油三酯（TG）、血糖（FBG）、体重指数（BMl）等进行分析和比较。结果：1.PP≥60mmHg组的原发性高血压患者MAU水平及C-IMT明显高于PP〈40mmHg组和40mmHg≤PP〈60mmHg组的原发性高血压患者（P〈0.05）。2.即≥60mmHg组的原发性高血压患者患者颈动脉斑块发生率明显高于PP〈40mmHg组和40mmHg≤PP〈60mmHg组的原发性高血压患者（P〈0.05）。3.C-IMT与MAU水平呈正相关（P〈0.05）。结论：原发性高血压患者脉压与尿微量白蛋白水平及颈动脉内膜中层厚度密切相关,尿微量白蛋白也是亚临床期动脉粥样硬化的早期标志。     

黄芪注射液对2型糖尿病肾病CD54水平的影响

目的探讨黄芪注射液对2型糖尿病肾病患者血清CD54水平的影响。方法将82例2型糖尿病肾病患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,治疗组45例,在常规治疗的基础上加用黄芪注射液40ml／次,每天一次,15d为一疗程,共4个疗程。对照组37例,采用常规治疗。比较两组治疗前后血糖、肾功能、尿白蛋白／肌酐及CD54浓度的变化。结果与对照组比较,治疗组患者CD54浓度和尿白蛋白／肌酐明显降低,血清CD54由（429．8&#177;84．6）rig／ml下降至（268．2&#177;87．5）ng／ml（P〈0．05）;尿白蛋白／肌酐由（198&#177;69）mg／g减少至（99&#177;54）mg／g。相关分析显示CD54浓度与尿白蛋白／肌酐比值呈正相关（r=0．64,P〈0．05）,CD54浓度与血糖无相关性（r=0．12,P〉0．05）,CD54浓度与血清肌酐无相关性（r=0．23,P〉0．05）。结论黄芪注射液能够降低2型糖尿病肾病患者的血清CD54浓度,减少尿蛋白的作用。     

胎儿生长受限患者血硒水平变化的研究

目的：探讨胎儿生长受限（FGR）患者体内血硒变化特点。方法：检测60例FGR患者（研究组）母血及脐血硒含量,并与同期60例正常妊娠（对照组）比较。结果：研究组母血及脐血硒含量均低于对照组,差异有显著性（101．5&#177;32．9μg／LVS129．7&#177;15．5μg／L,100．2&#177;21．7μg/LVS125．8&#177;11．9μg／L,P〈0．05）。结论：研究组母血及脐血硒含量均较对照组降低,硒缺乏可能与FGR发生有关。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.