Thallium-201 scintigraphy after dipyridamole infusion in patients with ischemic heart disease--comparison with maximal exercise]

Myocardial images after dipyridamole infusion (DIP-Tl) were compared with maximal thallium-201 images (Ex-Tl) to determine the utility for detecting coronary artery disease and the ischemic level in ischemic regions. Ex-Tl was performed in 36 patients of angina pectoris (Group 1), and DIP-Tl was performed in 22 patients of angina pectoris (Group 2), who were divided into two groups (Group 2a: 15 patients with low level exercise, Group 2b: 7 patients without low level exercise). Each group had normal controls (41, 27 and 31 people). The detectability of coronary artery by DIP-Tl was almost same with Ex-Tl (sensitivity 85% vs. 86%, specificity 80% vs. 95%). In the case of normal controls, the mean washout rate of group 2b was 44.4%, which was less than other two groups (50.6% for group 1, 48.8% for group 2a). And the mean myocardial/background (M/B) ratio of group 2b was 4.3 less than other two groups (4.7 for group 1, 4.9 for group 2a). In the case of the patients of angina pectoris, washout rate, M/B ratio, initial % uptake and delayed % uptake in the ischemic region were almost same among the 3 groups. This study demonstrates that DIP-Tl is as effective as Ex-Tl, and the ischemic level in the ischemic region is almost same among the 3 groups. But the thallium accumulation in the background of the group 2b is slightly higher than other two groups in the normal controls, so it is suggested that the image after only dipyridamole infusion becomes slightly unclear.     

Whole-body distribution of iodine 123 metaiodobenzylguanidine in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: significance of its washout from the heart

Whole-body distribution of iodine 123 metaiodobenzylguanidine (123I-mIBG) was evaluated in 27 patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). At 1 and 4 h after injection, anterior and posterior whole-body images were obtained with a dual-headed, camera-computer system. Patients were classified into three groups based on the septal wall thickness as determined by echocardiography: group 1 consisted of 7 patients with less than or equal to 15 mm septal thickness, group 2 included 12 patients with 16-19 mm septal thickness, and group 3 included 6 patients with greater than or equal to 20 mm septal thickness. Although the myocardial mIBG uptakes at 1 h were similar among these groups (1.84% +/- 0.19%, 1.95% +/- 0.38%, 1.98% +/- 0.57%, respectively; NS), mIBG washout from the heart in group 3 was faster than in groups 1 and 2 (31.5% +/- 13.0% vs. 15.8% +/- 11.0% (group 1, P less than 0.05), 17.6% +/- 7.3% (group 2, P less than 0.01)). There was a significant positive correlation between mIBG washout from the heart and septal thickness, with correlation coefficient r = 0.52 (P less than 0.01). The liver, lung, parotid gland, spleen and skeletal muscle showed similar mIBG uptake and washout among the three groups. We conclude from these data that mIBG washout from the heart in HCM was faster in patients with severe hypertrophy than in patients with mild to moderate hypertrophy, and hence it may be a useful parameter for evaluating the severity of altered adrenergic innervation and activities.     

Changes in cardiac sympathetic nerve innervation and activity in pathophysiologic transition from typical to end-stage hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Left ventricular (LV) systolic function in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is usually normal. Late in the disease, however, LV systolic dysfunction and dilatation are recognized. Although abnormalities in cardiac sympathetic nerve activity in patients with HCM have been demonstrated using (123)I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) myocardial scintigraphy, the changes of cardiac sympathetic nerve activity throughout the clinical course from typical to end-stage HCM are unclear. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between abnormalities on (123)I-MIBG myocardial scintigraphy and pathophysiologic changes in patients with HCM. METHODS: We performed (123)I-MIBG scintigraphy on 46 patients with HCM and 18 age-matched control subjects. The patients were categorized into 3 groups: 28 patients with normal LV systolic function (group A), 9 patients with LV systolic dysfunction (group B), and 9 patients with LV systolic dysfunction and dilatation (group C). With planar (123)I-MIBG imaging, the heart-to-mediastinum ratio for early and delayed acquisitions and the washout rate were calculated. With SPECT, polar maps of the LV myocardium were divided into 20 segments. The regional uptake and washout rate were calculated from semiquantitative 20-segment bull's-eye analysis. RESULTS: The early uptake was significantly lower in group C than in the control group (P < 0.01). The washout rate was progressively higher in group A, group B, and group C (P < 0.01). Reduced regional early uptake was found in 2.9 +/- 3.4 (group A), 4.1 +/- 4.7 (group B), and 7.4 +/- 4.3 (group C) segments, respectively. In group C, regional early uptake was significantly reduced, predominantly in the interventricular septal wall, and regional washout rate was increased in the apex and lateral wall. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that cardiac sympathetic nerve abnormalities in patients with HCM may advance with development of LV systolic dysfunction and dilatation and that (123)I-MIBG myocardial scintigraphy may be a useful tool for the evaluation of pathophysiologic changes in HCM.     

The characteristics of myocardial fatty acid metabolism in patients with left ventricular hypertrophy]

We evaluated the characteristics of myocardial fatty acid metabolism in patients with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). Myocardial imaging with 123I-beta-methyl iodophenyl pentadecanoic acid (BMIPP) was performed in 28 patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), 15 patients with hypertensive heart disease (HHD), 13 patients with aortic stenosis (AS) and 8 normal controls (NC). The patients with HCM consisted of 13 patients of asymmetric septal hypertrophy (ASH), 7 patients of diffuse hypertrophy (Diffuse-HCM) and 8 patients of apical hypertrophy (APH). Planar and SPECT images of BMIPP were acquired 15 minutes and 4 hours after tracer injection. Resting 201Tl SPECT images and echocardiography were also performed on other days. We calculated heart/mediastinum count ratio and washout rate of BMIPP by using planar image. In patients with LVH, the incidence of reduced BMIPP uptake was more frequent than that of reduced 201Tl uptake. In delayed images, more than 60% of patients with LVH reduced BMIPP uptake, especially remarkable for patients with ASH and APH. The washout rate of all cardiac hypertrophic disorders was tended to be higher than that of normal subjects. Reduced BMIPP uptake was frequently found in septal portion of anterior and inferior wall in patients with ASH, in inferior wall in patients with Diffuse-HCM and HHD, in apex in patients with APH and AS. These results suggest that BMIPP scintigraphy can differentiate three types of cardiac hypertrophy.     

Whole-body distribution of iodine 123 metaiodobenzylguanid1ne in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: significance of its washout from the heart

Whole-body distribution of iodine 123 metaiodobenzylguanidine (¹²³I-mIBG) was evaluated in 27 patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). At 1 and 4 h after injection, anterior and posterior whole body images were obtained with a dual-headed, camera computer system. Patients were classified into three groups based on the septal wall thickness as determined by echocardiography: group 1 consisted of 7 patients with 15 mm septal thickness, group 2 included 12 patients with 16–19 mm septal thickness, and group 3 included 6 patients with 20 mm septal thickness. Although the myocardial mIBG uptakes at 1 h were similar among these groups (1.84% ± 0.19%, 1.95% ± 0.38%, 1.98% ± 0.57%, respectively; NS), mIBG washout from the heart in group 3 was faster than in groups 1 and 2 (31.5% ± 13.0% vs. 15.8% ± 11.0% (group 1,P < 0.05), 17.6% ± 7.3% (group 2,P < 0.01)). There was a significant positive correlation between mIBG washout from the heart and septal thickness, with correlation coefficientr=0.52 (P < 0.01). The liver, lung, parotid gland, spleen and skeletal muscle showed similar mIBG uptake and washout among the three groups. We conclude from these data that mIBG washout from the heart in HCM was faster in patients with severe hypertrophy than in patients with mild to moderate hypertrophy, and hence it may be a useful parameter for evaluating the severity of altered adrenergic innervation and activities.     

心梗部位对超声多普勒左室舒张功能测定的影响

目的 :观察心梗患者缺血部位不同对常规超声多普勒左室舒张功能检测指标的影响。资料与方法 :以核素心肌扫描显像为定位标准 ,将 84例急性、陈旧性心肌梗塞患者按缺血部位不同分成 :(1)前壁心梗 ,(2 )间壁心梗 ,(3 )下 (后 )壁心梗 ,(4 )侧壁心梗 ,(5 )广泛前壁 ,(6)前壁伴下壁及侧壁心梗 ,(7)心尖部室壁瘤形成 7组 ;观察了描述左室舒张功能的超声多普勒二尖瓣口血流速度指标 E/A比值和核素心血池造影左室峰值充盈率 LVPFR在各分组中的变化。结果 :缺血范围较局限的左室前壁、间壁及侧壁心梗组之间的 L VPFR测值无明显差别 ,分别为 (1.82± 0 .48)、(2 .0 7± 0 .79)、(2 .18± 0 .90 ) EDV/S,但多明显高于下 (后 )壁、广泛前壁、室壁瘤及左室壁多个部位缺血组 ,其 LVPFR分别为 (1.63± 0 .3 3 )、(1.2 2± 0 .68)、(1.45± 0 .43 )、(1.15± 0 .3 8) EDV/S,而后 4组之间的 L VPFR测值差别不显著 ;单有左室前壁、间壁缺血的心梗组的 E/A比值也高于左室下 (后 )壁、广泛前壁、多部位心肌缺血的心梗组 ,其 E/A比值分别为 1.17± 0 .3 1、1.0 9±0 .2 6、0 .78± 0 .2 8、0 .80± 0 .5 1、0 .81± 0 .3 1;除下 (后 )壁心梗组外 ,其它各组的 E/A比值与室壁瘤形成组差别不显著 ,后者的 E/A比值为 1.0 2± 0 .     

高血压家族史对原发性高血压左室形态的影响

 目的 利用超声心动图技术检测有家族史与无家族史高血压患者左室形态变化,为高血压的临床防治和早期诊断提供依据.方法 对92例有家族史高血压患者和97例无家族史高血压患者应用超声心动图测定左室舒张末期内径(LVIDd)、室间隔厚度(IVST)及左室后壁厚度(LPWT),并计算左室重量指数(LVMI)及相对室壁厚度(RWT).结果 有家族史的高血压患者LVIDd、IVST、LPWT、LVMI普遍比无家族史患者大.结论 家族史对左室形态具有一定影响,在向心性肥厚型和离心性肥厚型中表现较明显.     

Usefulness of coronary angioplasty (PTCA) of the infarct-related artery in patients with prior myocardial infarction--follow up of infarct zone pre- and post-angioplasty by stress thallium scan

We studied the efficacy of coronary angioplasty (PTCA) of the infarct-related artery in 29 patients with prior myocardial infarction by stress thallium scan. Twenty-seven patients had anterior myocardial infarction (single LAD disease), one had inferior (single RCA disease) and one had posterior (single LCX disease). According to the stress-redistribution thallium scintigraphic finding before PTCA, the patients were classified in 4 groups; (A): three patients with complete redistribution. (B): fourteen patients with incomplete redistribution. (C): seven patients with partial redistribution. (D): five patients with no redistribution. After PTCA, the parameters of residual ischemia in the infarct area (% RD and Thallium ischemic score = TIS) were improved significantly but those of infarct size (RD% uptake and Defect Score = DS) were improved slightly in group A. In group B and C, % RD, TIS, RD% uptake and DS were all improved significantly. In group D, TIS was improved slightly and DS was improved slowly 3 months after PTCA. Group A had high probability of viable muscle and group D had high probability of scar at the infarct zone. Group B and C showed intermediate type between group A and D. The change of infarct area after PTCA was variable in 4 groups but both residual ischemia and infarct size decreased in all groups. Thus, PTCA of infarct-related coronary artery is useful even in the patients with prior myocardial infarction.     

老年高血压性左心室肥厚与缺血性脑卒中关系的临床探讨

目的探讨老年高血压性左心室肥厚患者与缺血性脑卒中发病的关系。方法选择40例单纯高血压病组和42例高血压合并左心室肥厚组的老年患者进行对比分析。经二维超声心动图检测2组患者左心室后壁厚度、室间隔舒张末期厚度,左心室舒张末期直径,计算左心室重量指数,并行头颅核磁共振检查。结果单纯高血压组合并缺血性脑卒中7例(17.50％),高血压合并左心室肥厚组22例(52.38％),两组比较差异显著,P<0.01。高血压合并左心室肥厚组随着左心室重量指数的增加,其缺血性脑卒中的发病率也随之有所增高。结论高血压伴心肌肥厚者较单纯性高血压病更易发生缺血性脑卒中,且其患病率随左心室重量指数的增加而增高。     

Washout rates of Tc-99m tetrofosmin in asymmetric septal hypertrophy

The aim of this study was to evaluate the washout rate of Tc-99m tetrofosmin in asymmetric septal hypertrophy (ASH). As Tc-99m tetrofosmin accumulation and retention depend on sarcolemmal and/or mitochondrial function, the presence or absence of abnormalities in the washout rate of Tc-99m tetrofosmin could provide information about sarcolemmal and/or mitochondrial damage noninvasively. The study group consisted of 18 patients with ASH and 10 healthy subjects. After intravenous injection of 1110 MBq (30 mCi) Tc-99m tetrofosmin, tomographic images were obtained 1 hour later (early image) and again 4 hours later (delayed image). Using tomographic images, the distribution and washout of tetrofosmin in the left ventricle was examined quantitatively. Short-axis SPECT images were divided into 5 segments (anterior, septal, lateral, inferior wall and apex) in early and delayed images, and the mean radioactivity counts were measured in each segment by drawing regions of interest. Washout rates of apex, anterior, septal, lateral and inferior walls were 0.34 +/- 0.06, 0.37 +/- 0.07, 0.36 +/- 0.07, 0.33 -/+ 0.08, 0.33 +/- 0.07 in ASH and 0.20 +/- 0.05, 0.23 +/- 0.05, 0.22 +/- 0.03, 0.21 +/- 0.03, 0.22 +/- 0.03 in the normal group, respectively. In ASH, the washout rates of all myocardial segments were significantly increased as compared to those of the normal controls (p < 0.05). The findings of the present study suggest that there could be dysfunction of sarcolemma and/or mitochondria in the entire left ventricle which would be important in the pathophysiology of this disease. Also our study revealed that Tc-99m tetrofosmin washout was higher in NYHA II-III patients compared to NYHA I patients and the degree of Tc-99m tetrofosmin washout corresponded well with the thickness of the interventricular septum and posterior walls.     

Investigation of the relationship between regression of hypertensive cardiac hypertrophy and improvement of cardiac sympathetic nervous dysfunction using iodine-123 metaiodobenzylguanidine myocardial imaging

Although many theories exist on the subject, the mechanisms responsible for a reduction of hypertensive cardiac hypertrophy in response to antihypertensive therapy are still unclear. In order to investigate the relationship between regression of hypertensive cardiac hypertrophy and cardiac nervous function, we studied ten patients with untreated essential hypertension (six men and four women, 62±12 years old). Both echocardiography and iodine-123 metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) myocardial imaging were performed before and after antihypertensive therapy. Left ventricular mass (LVM) was significantly reduced in conjunction with the reduction of blood pressure following treatment. MIBG myocardial images showed that the heart-to-mediastinum activity ratio (H/M) was significantly increased while the washout ratio was significantly decreased. Patients were divided into two groups according to the ratio of the LVM values before and after therapy (LVM ratio). Patients with an LVM ratio of less than 0.75 were classified as group A and those with values higher than 0.75 as group B. Neither the change in blood pressure nor the length of treatment was significantly different between these two groups. On the other hand, both the increase in H/M and the decrease in the washout ratio were significantly greater in group A than in group B. These results indicate that an improvement in cardiac sympathetic nervous function may be related to the regression of hypertensive cardiac hypertrophy. Increasing the subject base in these studies and a more precise analysis of the relevance of the data obtained from MIBG myocadial images are recommended to clarify how changes in cardiac sympathetic nervous function relate to the regression of hypertensive cardiac hypertrophy.     

Left ventricular mass in borderline hypertension, assessed by echocardiography. Relationships with resting and stress blood pressure

The relationship between clinical measurement of blood pressure (BP) and left ventricular hypertrophy in arterial hypertension appears to be weak in most studies. On the contrary, stronger correlations with target organ damage in general, and left ventricular hypertrophy in particular, have been reported for blood pressure measurements obtained by ambulatory monitoring; this finding may indicate a possible role for blood pressure response to naturally occurring stresses in determining left ventricular hypertrophy. Aim of this study was to investigate, in 18 patients with borderline arterial hypertension, the relationships between echocardiographically assessed left ventricular mass and, respectively, casual BP and BP responses to some standardized stress tests. Only three patients had a diastolic wall thickness of the interventricular septum and of the posterior wall greater than or equal to 1.2 cm and none had a pathologically increased left ventricular mass index. The following statistically significant correlations were found: casual diastolic BP vs. left ventricular mass index (r = 0.53, p less than 0.02), systolic BP response to bicycle exercise test vs. left ventricular mass index (r = 0.55, p less than 0.05). Multiple regression analysis showed that almost fifty percent of the variability of left ventricular mass index could be predicted by these two BP measurements. These findings suggest that besides the chronically increased afterload, also the transient hypertensive responses to naturally occurring physical stresses may have a role in determining the extent of cardiac structural changes in borderline hypertensive patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Quantitative thallium-201 myocardial exercise scintigraphy in normal subjects and patients with normal coronary arteries

Quantitative thallium-201 myocardial exercise scintigraphy was tested in two patient populations representing alternative standards for cardiac normality: group I comprised 18 male uncatheterized patients with a low likelihood of coronary artery disease (CAD); group II contained 41 patients with normal coronary arteriograms. Group I patients were younger, they achieved a higher rate-pressure product than group II patients; all had normal findings by physical examination and electrocardiography at rest and exercise. Group II patients comprised 21 females, 11 patients showed abnormal electrocardiography at rest, and five patients showed ischemic ST depression during exercise. Twelve patients had signs of minimal CAD. Twelve patients revealed abnormal visual and quantitative thallium findings, three of these patients had minimal CAD. Profiles of uptake and washout of thallium-201 were derived from both patient groups, and compared with normal limits developed by Maddahi et al. Furthermore, low likelihood and angiographically normal patients may differ substantially, and both sets of normal patients should be considered when establishing criteria for abnormality in exercise thallium imaging. When commercial software containing normal limits for quantitative analysis of exercise thallium-201 imaging is used in clinical practice, it is mandatory to compare these with normal limits of uptake and washout of thallium-201, derived from the less heterogeneous group of low-likelihood subjects, which should be used in selecting a normal population to define normality.     

Characteristics of endothelium hemodynamics and functional condition of hypertensive patients in high mountains

Hemodynamics, geometry of the left myocardium ventricle (LV), blood nitrogen oxide and their interdependence were studied in hypertensive (n = 90) and normal mountain dwellers (n = 40) at the age of 37 to 72 years. The patients underwent general clinical and outpatient examination, electro- and echocardiography. The hypertensive patients were diagnosed for disorders in endothelium functioning, intracardiac hemodynamics, and LV geometry. In patients with class II and II hypertension, LV volumetric parameters were enlarged and contractility parameters decreased by 29%. Also, indices of LV mass, relative wall thickness and sphericity in these patients were significantly higher as compared with normal people. Blood concentration of nitrogen oxide was reduced by 28% and 40% in patients with hypertension class II and III, respectively. This reduction was caused disbalance of NO plasma metabolites and erythrocytes. All together data from the groups of equally patients and normal people suggests a particular role of nitrogen oxide in controlling myocardium LV hemodynamics and geometry in hypertensive mountain dwellers.     

Global Longitudinal Strain in master athletes and in hypertensive patients with the same degree of septal thickness

Athletes may have electrocardiogram (ECG) repolarization abnormalities during stress test suggestive for ischemia in the absence of ischemic coronary artery disease, often in a setting of myocardial septum hypertrophy. Global longitudinal strain (GLS) might be altered in these athletes compared to hypertensive patients with the same degree of septal thickness. About 735 consecutive athletes were screened for mandatory assessment of fitness to participate in competitive sports. At the stress test, 23 (19 M, 4 F) were found to have ECG repolarization abnormalities suggestive for ischemia in the presence of normal coronary vessels. They were matched to a control group of 23 hypertensive patients with no ECG abnormalities during stress test and the same degree of septal thickness. A transthoracic echocardiography for evaluation of global longitudinal strain (GLS) was performed. Interventricular septum thickness (IST) and relative wall thickness (RWT) were also calculated. A preserved ventricular function was seen in both groups (64 ± 8% in cases vs 60 ± 6% in controls, P = 0.42). IST and RWT were not significantly different. GLS was significantly lower in athletes vs hypertensive patients (?18.7 ± 2.5 vs ?21.67 ± 0.27, P = 0.001). In athletes with septal hypertrophy and a positive stress test not associated to coronary disease, GLS is lower with respect to a population of hypertensive patient with the same degree of septal hypertrophy. Further investigations in a larger population are required to better define the potentiality of GLS in differentiating pathological vs physiological septum hypertrophy.     

门控断层心室显像评价右室不同部位起搏患者的同步性

目的 采用平衡法门控断层心室显像（GBPS）比较右室流出道（RVOT）和右室心尖部（RVA）起搏患者的心脏收缩同步性.方法 因三度或高度房室传导阻滞植入起搏器的患者50例,其中RVOT起搏组（A组）23例,RVA起搏组（B组）27例.另取24例初次化疗前肿瘤患者为对照组（C组）,对照组经心脏超声检查证实心脏结构和功能正常,既往无心脏疾病史.3组患者均行GBPS检查,获得相角程（PS）、各壁段平均位相、各壁段平均位相标准差（SD）、室间隔与左室侧壁延迟（LV Sep-Lat Delay）、室间隔与右室延迟（LV Sep-RV Delay）和左右室延迟（LV-RV Delay）等同步性数据,采用单因素方差分析对3组患者心室同步性参数进行比较.结果 A、B组中共分析48例患者.A、B 2组的左室侧壁平均位相均高于C组,分别为（120.50±40.58）ms、（103.23±28.34）ms、（84.63±22.38）ms（F=7.72,P＜0.05）,但A、B 2组间差异无统计学意义（t=1.30,P＞0.05）.右室游离壁平均位相3组间的差异均有统计学意义（F=35.55,P＜0.01）,A组为（137.05±39.27）ms,高于B组的（100.85±23.79）ms和C组的（59.13±30.52）ms.A、B 2组的PS、SD和LV Sep-Lat Delay均高于C组,差异有统计学意义（F=41.54,P＜0.01）,PS：A组（85.73±12.00）°,B组（89.85±15.61）°与C组（58.95±9.87）° SD：A组（27.68±10.66）ms,B组（26.15±13.02）ms与C组（15.63±8.35）ms（F=8.55,P＜0.01） LV Sep-Lat Delay：A组（25.06±34.23）ms,B组（2.62±60.31）ms与C组（-23.66±31.39）ms（F=6.81,P＜0.01）,但A、B 2组间差异无统计学意义（t=0.68,0.68,1.30,P均＞0.05）.A、B、C组间LV Sep-RV Delay[（57.60±56.77）,（6.36±61.88）和（-41.89±35.78）ms]和LV-RV Delay[（47.36±42.59）,（3.08±38.81）和（-26.50±20.99）ms]差异均有统计学意义（F=20.32,25.38,P均＜0.01）.结论 不论是RVA起搏还是RVOT起搏,起搏器植入术后患者心脏均存在节段性位相增加,左室内及双室间同步性均比未植入起搏器差.     

Myocardial fatty acid imaging with 123I-BMIPP in patients with chronic right ventricular pressure overload: clinical significance of reduced uptake in interventricular septum

Regionally reduced 123I-BMIPP uptake in the interventricular septum (SEP) is observed in some patients with chronic right ventricular (RV) pressure overload. We studied the significance of this finding by comparing it with mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP). 123I-BMIPP SPECT imaging was carried out in 21 patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH; 51(+)-14 years; 11 men and 10 women; 7 with primary pulmonary hypertension, 11 with pulmonary thromboembolism, and 3 with atrial septal defect). mPAP ranged from 25 to 81 mmHg (49 +/- 16 mmHg). Using a midventricular horizontal long-axis plane, regional BMIPP distributions in the RV free wall and SEP were estimated by referring to those in the LV free wall. Count ratios of the RV free wall and SEP to the LV free wall (RV/LV, SEP/LV) were determined by ROI analysis. RV/LV showed a linear correlation with mPAP (r = 0.42). However, SEP/LV was inversely correlated with mPAP (r = -0.49). When SEP/RV was compared among three regions of SEP in each patient, basal SEP/RV was most sensitively decreased in response to increased mPAP (r = -0.70). These results suggest that the assessment of septal tracer uptake in 123I-BMIPP SPECT imaging is useful for evaluating the severity of RV pressure overload in patients with PH.     

高血压病患者不同血压节律对左室结构及舒张功能的影响

 目的 观察高血压病患者不同血压节律对左室结构及舒张功能的影响.方法 根据24 h动态血压监测将53例原发性高血压病患者分为杓型高血压(dipper hypertension, DHT)及非杓型高血压 (non-dipper hypertension, NDHT)组.应用超声心动图观察并比较两组患者左室结构及舒张功能的特点.结果 NDHT组24 h收缩压、夜间收缩压及舒张压均较DHT组明显增高(P＜0.05); NDHT组舒张末期室间隔及左室后壁厚度、左室质量指数均较DHT组显著增加,NDHT组左室舒张功能减低,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 NDHT患者较DHT患者易导致左心室肥厚及左室舒张功能减低.     

氯沙坦和尼群地平治疗老年高血压病对左室肥厚的影响

 目的观察氯沙坦和尼群地平治疗老年高血压病对左室肥厚的影响.方法对132例老年高血压病伴左室肥厚住院患者随机分为氯沙坦组和尼群地平组治疗,随访1年,于治疗前及治疗后12个月分别测定患者血压、心率、左室舒张末内径(LVDd)、舒张期室间隔厚度(ⅣST)、左室后壁厚度(LVPWT)、左室射血分数(LVEF).结果治疗后,两组血压、LVDd、ⅣST、LVPWT、左室重量(LVM)、左室重量指数(LVMI)较治疗前均明显下降(P＜0.01);治疗后LVDd、ⅣST、LVPWT、LVM、LVMI,两组有显著性差异(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).结论尼群地平和氯沙坦均能有效控制血压、减轻左室肥厚,但氯沙坦比尼群地平逆转左室肥厚效果更好.     

Quantitative assessment of thallium myocardial washout rate: Importance of peak heart rate and lung thallium uptake in defining normal values

Traditionally, the results of exercise thallium scintigraphy were interpreted by transient defect analysis using initial and delayed images. Recently, washout rate analysis has been used for the relative quantification of exercise thallium scintigraphy. A diffuse slow washout from all myocardial regions has been defined as the indicator of extensive coronary artery disease. However, slow washout has occasionally been observed in normal cases and in healthy myocardial segments which are not supplied by a stenosed artery in patients with single or double vessel disease. We evaluate the factors in fluencing washout rate in 100 normal patients and 63 patients with angina pectoris (33 cases of single vessel disease and 30 cases of double vessel disease). The washout rates were calculated using circumferential profile analysis. In normal patients, washout rate, was closely related to peak heart rate (r=0.72) and inversely related to lung thallium uptake(r=-0.56). A diffuse slow washout was observed in seven (7%) of 100 normal patients, six (18%) of 33 cases of single vessel disease and eight (24%) of 30 cases of double vessel disease. The patients with diffuse slow washout showed significantly higher lung thallium uptake values and lower peak heart rates than those without diffuse slow washout (P<0.01). Thus, this false positive slow washout should be considered in the interpretation of quantitative exercise thallium scintigraphy.