STR-PCR联合RT-PCR技术在慢性髓细胞白血病患者异基因造血干细胞移植后微小残留病变检测中的应用

为了探究STR PCR联合bcr/abl融合基因转录本RT PCR定性检测技术对慢性髓细胞白血病 (CML)异基因造血干细胞移植 (allo HSCT)后复发的预测价值 ,对接受allo HSCT的 2 4例CML患者进行微小残留病变(MRD)的动态检测 ,对供体细胞嵌合率 (DC)采用复合扩增荧光标记STR PCR结合毛细管电泳方法进行定量检测 ,对bcr/abl融合基因转录本采用巢式RT PCR方法检测。结果显示 :移植后长期处于完全供体细胞嵌合状态(FDC)即DC≥ 95 %的患者bcr/abl均转为阴性 ,MRD消失 ;稳定混合嵌合状态 (MC)即 90 %≤DC <95 % ,并且bcr/abl阴性的患者 ,也可达到分子水平的缓解并长期生存 ;但是bcr/abl的阳性结果并不总是与复发相关 ,只有当DC进行性下降 (DC <90 % ) ,而同时bcr/abl阳性时 ,才有复发或植入失败的可能 ,对该类患者应尽早实施临床干预性治疗。本研究中有 5例患者出现DC下降和MRD阳性 ,其中 3例为分子水平复发 ,1例为细胞遗传学水平复发 ,1例为植入失败。结论 :STR PCR在敏感范围内 ,其结果与RT PCR的结果符合率高 ,两种技术的结合是一种检测MRD高度敏感的手段 ,可检出allo HSCT后发生分子生物学或细胞遗传学复发的高危患者。     

间期双色双融合荧光原位杂交监测慢性髓系白血病异基因造血干细胞移植后bcr/abl融合基因

本研究探讨bcr/abl双色双融合荧光原位杂交（DD-FISH）的敏感性及临床应用价值.对19例慢性髓细胞白血病（CML）异基因造血干细胞移植（allo-HSCT）后微小残留病灶（MRD）用DD-FISH进行监测,同时与常规细胞遗传学（CC）、逆转录-聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）结果相比较.样本取自骨髓,少数来源于骨髓片或外周血.结果表明：14例CML患者在Allo-HSCT后CC显示持续正常供者核型,RT-PCR转为阴性,移植2月后均为完全供者嵌合（DC）,DD-FISH检测结果持续为阴性,平均随访11.25月,MRD无增加.1例CC及RT-PCR阴性,而性染色体FISH为混合嵌合,DD-FISH阳性,监测无MRD增加,临床未治疗,疾病稳定.3例骨髓复发患者的DD-FISH及性染色体FISH均提示MRD明显增加,RT-PCR转为阳性,却只有1例CC异常,供者淋巴细胞输注（DLI）及甲磺酸伊马替尼治疗后均为DC,DD-FISH阴性,RT-PCR阴性.1例骨活检证实髓外复发患者骨髓或外周血样本的DD-FISH、CC及PCR均阴性,供受者完全嵌合.结论：间期双色双融合FISH可应用于CML异基因造血干细胞移植后MRD的监测,其操作简易快速,灵敏度高,且骨髓或外周血均可采用.动态监测能及时发现扩大的白血病细胞克隆.     

Addition of a low fixed number of CD3+ cells to CD34-enriched allografts: effects on engraftment,graft-versus-host disease,and survival after related and unrelated peripheral stem cell transplantation

Despite prophylaxis with immunosuppressive drugs, severe graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality following allogeneic stem cell transplantation. T cell depletion of the graft has decreased incidence and severity of GVHD but has resulted in a higher incidence of graft failure and relapse. To reduce the risk of severe GVHD, but at the same time to maintain the graft-versus-tumor effect, we administered a fixed low number of 1 x 10(5) donor T cells per kilogram of body weight to recipients of CD34(+) cell-enriched allogeneic peripheral blood stem cells (PBSCs). Donor lymphocyte infusions (DLI) were then given in incremental doses when mixed chimerism persisted or signs of relapse occurred. A total of 23 patients receiving allografts from related and unrelated donors were treated according to this protocol after myeloablative or reduced intensity conditioning. One patient did not engraft and 3/20 evaluable patients developed acute (a) GVHD > or = grade II, with a corresponding estimated cumulative incidence of 15.6% (95% CI 0-30.5%). DLI (n = 13) induced aGVHD > or = II in 6 patients, but the severity of the syndrome was reduced. Overall GVHD-related mortality was low (13%). The probability of disease-free survival and overall survival at 2 years was 0.40 (95% CI 0.21-0.75) and 0.36 (95% CI 0.21-0.63). Progression-free survival and overall survival was significantly better in patients with acute or chronic myelogenous leukemia compared to patients with lymphoproliferative disorders (p = 0.002; p = 0.02). We conclude that the combination of allografts with a T cell content of about 1 x 10(5)/kg and escalating doses of DLI is a viable transplant strategy in patients with myeloid leukemias, which results in stable engraftment and a reduction of mortality from aGVHD.     

供体细胞嵌合率的动态定量检测在供体淋巴细胞回输中的应用

为了探究供体细胞嵌合率 (DC)的动态定量检测在确定供体淋巴细胞回输 (DLI)时机和预测DLI疗效中的作用 ,应用复合扩增荧光标记STR PCR结合毛细管电泳方法 ,对 6例接受异基因造血干细胞移植后早期复发或移植物被排斥并接受DLI治疗的白血病患者 ,进行了DC的动态定量检测。结果发现 ,复发或排斥发生时 6位患者DC均出现大幅度下降 ,介于 2 7.3% - 85 .7% ,4位患者从DC下降 (<90 % )到出现临床复发或排斥的中位时间为2 6天 ,提示DC进行性下降的患者为复发或排斥的高危患者 ,可早期实施DLI干预治疗。 2例患者出现治疗反应 ,治疗有效患者在DLI后短期内出现DC回升 ,供体细胞占优势 ,并转化为稳定的完全供体细胞嵌合状态 (FDC) ,临床上出现移植物抗宿主病 (GVHD)表现。无效患者DLI后DC均无稳定回升现象 ,并对 3例DLI无效患者进行了第二次DLI治疗。结论 :嵌合体检测可指导DLI的实施时机 ,预测DLI的临床疗效 ,而且对首次DLI治疗无效的患者的后继强化治疗提供重要的参考依据。     

Minimal residual disease testing to predict relapse following transplant for AML and high-grade myelodysplastic syndromes

Evaluation of: Lange T, Hubmann M, Burkhardt R et al. Monitoring of WT1 expression in PB and CD34(+) donor chimerism of BM predicts early relapse in AML and MDS patients after hematopoietic cell transplantation with reduced-intensity conditioning. Leukemia 25, 498-505 (2011). Early detection of relapse is critical for patients who have undergone hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or high-grade myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), since therapy can be initiated while disease burden remains low. As these neoplasms represent a heterogeneous group of malignancies with distinct underlying mutations, no single genetic marker exists that both defines AML/MDS and can be exploited for sensitive detection of neoplastic cells prior to overt hematologic relapse. Conversely, the Wilms' tumor gene (WT1) expression level is increased in blasts of most AML/MDS patients, and quantitative analysis of WT1 expression has been used to predict relapse following myeloablative HSCT. In this article, we review a recently published study evaluating the usefulness of multiple markers, including WT1 expression, for predicting relapse in AML/MDS patients following reduced-intensity conditioning nonmyeloablative HSCT.     

修正的供者淋巴细胞输注研究进展

造血干细胞移植(HSCT)已经成为恶性血液病的重要治疗手段.然而,移植后疾病复发可显著降低患者的长期生存率.修正的供者淋巴细胞输注(MDLI),输注的是经粒细胞集落刺激因子(G-CSF)动员的外周造血干细胞,而非静止状态的淋巴细胞.该方法能够减少供者淋巴细胞输注(DLI)后相关的移植物抗宿主病(GVHD)及复杂性血细胞减少,同时保留或者增强移植物抗肿瘤效应(GVT),因此MDLI已经广泛用于恶性血液病移植后复发的治疗.笔者拟就MDLI的作用机制、临床适应证、输注剂量、输注时机、间隔时间、疗效评估等进行综述.     

Cytogenetic and molecular detection of residual leukemic cells after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in chronic granulocytic leukemia.

Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) is a therapeutic modality with a curative potential for chronic granulocytic leukemia. Approximately 20% of patients have a hematologic relapse after BMT. The frequency of cytogenetic or molecular relapse (or both), despite hematologic remission, is reportedly higher. We performed allogeneic BMT in 32 patients with chronic granulocytic leukemia by using unmanipulated donor marrow and a conditioning regimen that consisted of cyclophosphamide and total-body irradiation. Of these 32 patients, 23 had cytogenetic studies after BMT. Seven of these patients had cytogenetically detectable Philadelphia chromosomes some time after BMT, during hematologic remission. The Philadelphia chromosome was detected transiently in two patients, and the fraction of abnormal metaphases exceeded 25% in three patients. None of the patients with negative results of cytogenetic studies or with the presence of the Philadelphia chromosome in less than 25% of analyzed metaphases had a clinical relapse, whereas two of the three patients with more than 25% abnormal metaphases had clinical relapses. Our results suggest that the detection of more than 25% abnormal metaphases during cytogenetic studies for chronic granulocytic leukemia after BMT may imply an incipient clinical relapse. We review the current literature that discusses isolated cytogenetic or molecular relapses of chronic granulocytic leukemia after BMT.     

Donor lymphocyte infusion following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

INTRODUCTION: Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (SCT) is the treatment of choice for many malignant hematological disorders. Following recent improvements in non-relapse-related mortality rates, relapse has become the commonest cause of treatment failure. Infusion of donor lymphocytes can potentially enhance immune-mediated antitumor activity and offers a salvage option for some patients. This paper reviews the current literature on the efficacy of this therapeutic strategy. AREAS COVERED: The biology of adoptive cellular therapy with allogeneic immune cells to treat relapse across a spectrum of diseases in both the full intensity and reduced intensity hematopoietic SCT settings is explored. The review discusses the current limitations of the approach and reviews several new experimental strategies which aim to segregate the desired graft-versus-tumor effect from the deleterious effects of more widespread graft-versus-host reactivity. EXPERT OPINION: Durable responses to DLI have been noted in chronic myeloid leukemia and responses have also been described in acute leukemia, multiple myeloma and chronic lymphoproliferative disorders. The new challenge in transplantation is to optimize DLI therapy in order to further improve patient outcomes.     

嵌合体监测与供者淋巴细胞输注在地中海贫血患者移植后排斥风险中的作用

造血干细胞移植（hematopoietic stem cell transplantation,HSCT）治疗重型β-地中海贫血的主要障碍之一是移植后排斥反应（graft rejection,GR）,混合性嵌合体中供者来源细胞比例持续下降,最终导致移植失败.移植后连续性嵌合体的监测能够早期发现不稳定混合嵌合体和排斥反应,为供者淋巴细胞输注（donor lymphocyte infusions,DLI）提供依据;应用渐增供者淋巴细胞数输注对早期排斥反应进行干预,可以使嵌合体趋于稳定.本文就重型β-地中海贫血患者HSCT后嵌合体监测与供者淋巴细胞输注的研究进展作一综述.     

异基因造血干细胞移植治疗复发难治性急性淋巴细胞白血病的临床研究

目的 探讨异基因造血干细胞移植(allo-HSCT)对复发难治性急性淋巴细胞白血病(ALL)患者的疗效及治疗相关毒性.方法 观察并分析47例复发难治性ALL患者对allo-HSCT治疗的耐受情况、移植相关并发症、总生存率以及无病存活率.其中HLA相合同胞间移植(sib-HSCT)19例,HLA相合的无血缘关系移植(URD-HSCT)18例,单倍型移植(Hi-HSCT)10例.预处理方案:42例采用改良TBI+CY方案,5例采用改良BU/CY方案.移植物抗宿主病(GVHD)的预防:环孢素(CsA)联合短程甲氨蝶呤(MTX)、Hi-HSCT和URD-HSCT加用霉酚酸酯(MMF)及抗胸腺细胞免疫球蛋白(ATG).定期监测微量残留病变(MRD),明确有分子生物学或细胞遗传学复发趋势的患者接受供者淋巴细胞输注(DLI).结果 所有患者均完成移植治疗,出现了不同程度黏膜炎;2例患者在应用CsA过程中有肾功能损害;1例患者发生药物性癫痢.移植后出现Ⅲ～Ⅳ度急性GVHD 7例;慢性GVHD22例;致命性肺部感染9例(包括间质性肺炎3例);出血性膀胱炎4例.有13例患者移植后再次复发.移植后造血重建的中位时间为移植后第17天.术后有19例接受DLI,6例疾病未再进展.中位随访期43(10～77)个月,预期5年总生存率为49.65%,无病存活率为46.55%.结论 统 allo-HSCT能有效治疗复发难治性ALL,改善其预后,治疗失败的主要原因是移植后复发,其次为致命性肺部感染和重度急性GVHD.DLI可能有助于减少移植后复发.     

Infusion of allogeneic natural killer cells in a patient with acute myeloid leukemia in relapse after haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

BACKGROUND: Allogeneic donor natural killer (NK)‐cell infusion (NK‐DLI) is a promising immunotherapy for patients with hematologic disorders. CASE REPORT: This report describes the case of a patient who received a single haploidentical NK‐DLI for a relapse of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) after haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. He underwent a cytoreductive, immunosuppressive regimen before NK‐DLI and received high‐dose interleukin‐2 in vivo for 8 weeks afterward. RESULTS: No major adverse effect was observed. Prospective phenotypic and functional studies of the NK cells showed major expansion of infused NK cells and, more importantly, of the alloreactive KIR2DL1+KIR2DL2/DL3–NKG2A– subset, which reached 117 × 10⁶ cells/L on Day +14 after NK‐DLI, the greatest expansion of infused alloreactive NK cells reported so far. Infused NK cells conserved their lytic capacities against K562 target cells and primary AML‐mismatched blasts. CONCLUSION: We review the literature to clarify these data and to detail the indications for allogeneic NK‐DLI, the criteria for determining the most suitable donor, the types of conditioning regimens, and the procedures for selecting and activating NK cells.     

异基因造血干细胞移植后复发慢性髓系白血病患者嵌合体和融合基因的动态观察

本研究利用STR—PCR结合RT—PCR定量和定性检测异基因造血干细胞移植（allo—HSCT）后患者嵌合体和融合基因的表达，分析其植入和微小残留病变情况，评价其对复发的预测价值。采用STR—PCR结合毛细管电泳进行定量检测嵌合体供体细胞嵌合率，采用RT—PCR方法检测融合基因转录本bcr／abl mRNA。结果表明：4例患者在移植后28天均为100％供者型嵌合，融合基因bcr／abl mRNA均为阴性。但在以后的随访过程中发现4例患者在不同时间出现不稳定混合嵌合（MC）状态（DC为0％-80．4％），融合基因bcr／abl mRNA阳性；其中2例复发后一直处于混合嵌合状态，另外2例在临床干预治疗后又转变为完全嵌合状态，目前处于分子生物学缓解状态。上述4例复发患者均在出现临床症状前发生供体细胞嵌合率（DC）下降；融合基因表达阳性。结论：STR—PCR在敏感范围内，其结果与RT—PCR的结果符合率高，两种技术的结合是一种检测异基因造血干细胞移植后供体是否植入的有效手段，对判断疾病复发及GVHD均有预警作用，对实施临床干预治疗有重要指导价值。     

Donor lymphocyte infusion following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

Introduction: Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (SCT) is the treatment of choice for many malignant hematological disorders. Following recent improvements in non-relapse-related mortality rates, relapse has become the commonest cause of treatment failure. Infusion of donor lymphocytes can potentially enhance immune-mediated antitumor activity and offers a salvage option for some patients. This paper reviews the current literature on the efficacy of this therapeutic strategy.

Areas covered: The biology of adoptive cellular therapy with allogeneic immune cells to treat relapse across a spectrum of diseases in both the full intensity and reduced intensity hematopoietic SCT settings is explored. The review discusses the current limitations of the approach and reviews several new experimental strategies which aim to segregate the desired graft-versus-tumor effect from the deleterious effects of more widespread graft-versus-host reactivity.

Expert opinion: Durable responses to DLI have been noted in chronic myeloid leukemia and responses have also been described in acute leukemia, multiple myeloma and chronic lymphoproliferative disorders. The new challenge in transplantation is to optimize DLI therapy in order to further improve patient outcomes.     

Clinical study on the relapsd leukemia patients with graft versus host disease after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

OBJECTIVE: To explore the dissociation of graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) effects from graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) in the patients who experienced GVHD during leukemia relapse after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). METHODS: The primary disease, disease status, GVHD, response to donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) and prognosis were analysed in 11 leukemia patients who relapsed with GVHD after allo-HSCT. RESULTS: Of the 11 relapsed, 5 were acute lymphoblastic leukemia and 6 acute myeloid leukemia. Five received DLI before relapse and all developed post-DLI GVHD, including 2 grade II acute GVHD (aGVHD), 1 limited chronic GVHD (cGVHD) plus grade II aGVHD, and 2 extensive cGVHD. After relapse of the 5 patients, 2 received Chemo-DLI, one achieved CR with extensive cGVHD and then relapsed again, the other didn't achieved CR. The other 6 patients didn't received DLI before relapse and also developed post-HSCT GVHD while relapsing, including 3 extensive cGVHD, 1 grade I aGVHD and 2 grade II-IV aGVHD. After relapse, these 6 patients received Chemo-DLI, 2 achieved CR and then relapsed again, 4 didn't achieved CR. CONCLUSION: The elicited GVHD after allo-HSCT may not accompany effective GVL effects inhibiting leukemic relapse.     

恶性血液病患者接受非血缘脐血移植后原发病复发处理方法的研究进展

非血缘脐血(UCB)是异基因造血干细胞移植(allo-H SCT)治疗恶性血液病的理想造血干细胞(HSC)来源之一.接受非血缘脐血移植(UCBT)的患者由于缺乏供体,而不能采用传统的供者淋巴细胞输注(DLI)治疗原发病复发,移植后一旦原发病复发,其治疗方法非常有限.本文就恶性血液病患者接受UCBT后,原发病复发的处理策略进行综述.     

Characterization of T cell repertoire in patients with graft-versus-leukemia after donor lymphocyte infusion.

The clinical efficacy of donor lymphocyte infusions (DLI) in patients with relapsed chronic myelocytic leukemia after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation has been demonstrated in several recent studies. Although it is presumed that allogeneic T cells mediate this graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) effect, the influence of DLI on the T cell compartment of recipients has not been determined. To characterize the immunologic effects of DLI and to identify T cell changes selectively associated with the GVL response, we analyzed the T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire in four patients with relapsed chronic myelocytic leukemia who achieved a complete remission after infusion of CD4+ lymphocytes from HLA-identical sibling donors. Only one of the four patients developed clinically significant graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after infusion of donor lymphocytes. TCR repertoire was examined after PCR amplification of 24 Vbeta gene subfamilies in serial samples obtained over a 1-yr period before and after DLI. Results were compared to 10 normal donors. Before DLI, all four patients were found to have abnormal TCR Vbeta repertoire in peripheral T cells, associated with a large number of clonal and oligoclonal patterns. Abnormal TCR patterns persisted for at least 3 mo after DLI, but thereafter gradually began to normalize. By 1 yr after DLI, all patients demonstrated almost complete normalization of Vbeta repertoire with polyclonal representation within almost all Vbeta gene subfamilies. We also examined changes in the TCR Vbeta repertoire associated with the disappearance of Ph+ cells. In each patient, we were able to identify the expansion of at least 1 Vbeta gene subfamily that coincided with the time of the cytogenetic response. In one patient who was studied in greater detail, CDR3 size analysis of serial samples after DLI indicated that these changes were associated with the appearance of clonal T cells. This finding was confirmed through CDR3 sequence analysis and use of CDR3 clone-specific oligonucleotide probes. A putative GVL clone identified by this technique was not detectable in either donor or patient T cells before DLI, but persisted in peripheral T cells for approximately 1 yr. These experiments therefore provide evidence for the clonal expansion of allogeneic T cells that may be selective mediators of antileukemia activity without also mediating graft-versus-host disease.     

嵌合体的动态定量检测在异基因造血干细胞移植中的应用

目的　建立荧光标记的多重PCR扩增短串联重复序列 (STR PCR)结合毛细管电泳 ,定量检测供体细胞 (DC)嵌合率的方法 ,并探讨该方法的连续定量检测对异基因造血干细胞移植 (allo HSCT)后转归的预警作用。方法　采集 31例接受骨髓移植 (BMT)或非清髓外周血干细胞移植 (NST)患者移植前、移植后不同时段的外周血或骨髓。DNA样本用ProfilerPlus商品化试剂盒扩增后 ,用ABI 310遗传分析仪进行毛细管电泳 ,确定基因位点及峰面积 ,根据供受体基因型的差异选择嵌合率计算公式。结果　 31例患者中 15例 (48.4 % )为性别相合移植 ,只能通过STR PCR进行嵌合体的定量分析 ;性别不合移植患者用STR PCR和荧光原位杂交两种方法定量测得的DC嵌合率一致 ;31对供受体中能区别出供受差别的STR位点有 6 .7(2～ 10 )个 ,所有患者均在移植后 7天 ( 7天 )出现供体来源的细胞 ,BMT组 7天、 14天和 1个月DC中位数均明显低于NST组 ,而在移植中后期无显著性差异。 2 1天时BMT和NST患者均达稳定嵌合 ,DC在 92 %以上 ;中位随访 17(3.5～ 2 9.0 )个月 ,2 6例患者DC≥90 % ,均获得持久植入 ,至今均为无白血病生存。另有 5例患者出现不稳定混合嵌合 (MC)状态 (DC为2 7.3%～ 6 2 .7% ) ,其中 4例复发 ,1例出现移植物被排斥。上述 5例患者均     

非清髓异基因外周血造血干细胞移植治疗血液病的临床观察

目的　探讨非清髓异基因外周血造血干细胞移植 (NASCT)在治疗血液病中的意义。方法　采用NASCT治疗 33例HLA相合的血液病患者。男 2 0例 ,女 13例 ,中位年龄 36岁 (18～ 5 9岁 )。33例中急性白血病第 1次完全缓解期 (CR1 ) 11例 ,CR2～ 34例 ,难治复发性急性白血病未缓解期 3例 ,重型再生障碍性贫血 (SAA) 4例 ,慢性粒细胞白血病慢性期 7例 ,骨髓增生异常综合征 (MDS) 2例 ,慢性淋巴细胞白血病和骨髓纤维化各 1例。非清髓预处理方案 :白血病患者采用环磷酰胺 (CTX)、阿糖胞苷及CD3单克隆抗体 ,6例患者在此基础上加用氟达拉宾。SAA和MDS患者采用CTX和抗胸腺细胞球蛋白。结果　 33例均顺利渡过造血抑制期。平均移植后第 10 .5天 (移植后第 8～ 2 1天 )中性粒细胞计数 >0 .5× 10 9 L ,第 15天 (移植后第 10～ 30天 )血小板计数 >30× 10 9 L。 33例中供者细胞完全植入2 4例 (其中 13例于移植后 1～ 6个月由供受者嵌合性植入转为完全植入 ) ,稳定混合嵌合体 4例 ,移植排斥 5例。 33例中发生急性和慢性移植物抗宿主病各 7例 (2 1.2 % )。随诊 2～ 36个月 2 5例 (75 8% )仍存活。结论　NASCT简便安全 ,并发症少 ,疗效较好 ,为治愈血液病提供了新手段。     

供者淋巴细胞输注治疗HLA不合造血干细胞移植后白血病复发

目的 观察HLA不合造血干细胞移植(HSCT)后白血病复发患者中进行供者淋巴细胞输注(DLI)的有效性及安全性.方法 对HLA不合HSCT后复发患者进行G-CSF动员的DLI联合移植物抗宿主病(GVHD)预防、部分联合化疗,并观察GVHD发生、白血病缓解以及长期生存情况.结果 24例HSCT后白血病复发患者DLI后8例发生Ⅲ～Ⅳ度GVHD.短期GVHD预防可显著减少重度GVHD发生(P=0.020).8例发生慢性GVHD.3例出现骨髓抑制.16例白血病患者获完全缓解.9例无病存活,随访时间1310(961～1914)d.移植后1年和2年无病存活率分别为60%和40%.复发时骨髓幼稚细胞数量影响DLI后的缓解率和生存率,DLI后发生慢性广泛型GVHD与白血病完全缓解呈正相关(P=0.046).3例Ph阳性急性淋巴细胞白血病全部死于复发.结论 经G-CSF动员的DLI联合GVHD预防、部分联合化疗可以作为HLA不合HSCT后白血病复发的治疗手段.     

异基因造血干细胞移植后嵌合状态与白血病复发关系的研究

目的 探讨异基因造血干细胞移植（allo HSCT）后嵌合状态与白血病复发的关系。方法 回顾性分析2014年1月至2018年6月于我院行清髓性allo HSCT的成人白血病患者73例,采用短串联重复序列 聚合酶链反应（STR PCR）检测移植后+30、+60、+90天受者骨髓的供受者细胞嵌合率,分析嵌合率与复发的关系。结果 移植后+90天复发组嵌合率低于非复发组。移植后+60 d、+90 d低嵌合患者有较高的复发率（P=0.021,0.027）。多因素分析显示移植前疾病状态、+60d嵌合率、+90d嵌合率是白血病患者行allo HSCT后复发的独立危险因素。结论 Allo HSCT后嵌合状态对复发具有预测价值,+60、+90天低嵌合患者有较高的复发率。