顺铂与白介素—2联合治疗恶性胸腔积液32例分析

目的 回顾分析软组织肉瘤术后放射治疗的疗效。方法 １９８８年５月￣１９９５年５月间收治９０例软组织肉瘤（多次术后复发４０例，首次术后复发５０例），全部用＾６０Ｃｏ或加深层Ｘ线外照射，常规照射４５￣５０Ｇｙ／５ｗ，然后缩野再用＾６０Ｃｏ或改用深层Ｘ线照射，总剂量低度恶性肉瘤６０Ｇｙ／６ｗ，中度恶性６５Ｇｙ／６．５ｗ，高度恶性７０Ｇｙ／７ｗ。结果 ３、５年生存率分别为８３．３％（７０／９０）和６１．３     

30例恶性肉芽肿放射治疗分析

目的：回顾性分析３０ 例恶性肉芽肿放射治疗效果和与预后有关的因素。方法：自１９８１ 年１ 月～１９９１ 年１２ 月收治３０ 例恶性肉芽肿病人。全部患者采用６０ Ｃｏ 外照射， Ｄ Ｔ４０ ～７０ Ｇｙ／４ ～７ｗ 。１２ 例患者放疗前后服用环已亚硝脲１００ ～１２０ｍｇ 。结果：３ 年及５ 年生存率分别为６３ ．５ ％ （１９／３０） 和５３ ．２ ％（１６／３０） ，放疗剂量、病变侵及范围及有无持续发热是影响预后的重要因素。结论：放疗是恶性肉芽肿首选治疗方法，肿瘤量以５０ ～６０ Ｇｙ／５ ～６ｗ 为宜，化疗可改善症状但不提高远期生存率。     

加速超分割放射治疗食管癌的毒副作用及并发症

目的 研究加速超分割放射治疗食管癌的毒副作用及并发症。方法 １９９０年１２月～１９９２年７月对９６例经病理证实为食管癌的患者进行了前瞻性研究。随机分成常规治疗组（ＣＦ）和加速超分割治疗组（ＣＡＦ）。常规组：每次注射１．８～２．０Ｇｙ，总剂量为６０～７０Ｇｙ／３０～３５ｆｘ，共６～７ｗ。加速超分割组：每天２次，每次照射１．５Ｇｙ，总剂量为５４Ｇｙ／３．５ｗ，两组病人均用＾６０Ｃｏ－β射线外照射。结果     

肺鳞癌单纯放射治疗159例分析

１９７７～１９８６年对１５９例肺鳞癌作单纯￣６０Ｃｏ放疗。结果：总剂量６０Ｇｙ以上组其１、３、５年生存率分别为７２．９％、２１％和１１．３％，而低于６０Ｇｙ组无３年生存。局部复发率６０Ｇｙ组为４２．９％，低于５０Ｇｙ组为７８．６％（Ｐ＜０．０５）。分割剂量２Ｇｙ／次组局部控制率为６８．８％，低于１．６Ｇｙ／次组为３５．５％。故分割剂量、总剂量以２Ｇｙ／次６０～７０Ｇｙ／６～７周为宜。     

前程加卡铂后程野中野加速超分割放射治疗食管癌90例临床观察

目的探讨前程加卡铂后程野中野加速超分割放射治疗食管癌的疗效。材料与方法自１９９１年１０月至１９９３年６月对９０例食管癌病人随机分常规放射治疗组（常规组）和前程加卡铂后程野中野加速超分割放疗组（前化后超组）各４５例。两组临床资料相近，具备可比性。常规组每周照５次，每次２Ｇｙ，总量６０～７０Ｇｙ；前化后超组前３周放疗同常规组，配合卡铂每周两次，每次１００ｍｇ，总量６００ｍｇ。第４，５周在原照射野中设小野（同病变长度），每次１．５Ｇｙ，每周５次，上午照大野，下午照小野，总量５周６５Ｇｙ，其中大野５周５０Ｇｙ，小野后两周１５Ｇｙ。结果放疗结束时Ｘ线改善前化后超组病灶全消和消失１／２以上８６．７％（３９／４５），常规组５７．８％（２６／４５）（Ｐ＜０．０１）。１，２，３，４年生存率分别为７５．６％、５３．３％、４２．２％、３３．３％和５５．６％、３１．１％、２０．０％、１５．６％。前化后超组明显好于常规组（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论前程配合卡铂后程大野套小野加速超分割放射治疗能显著提高食管癌１，２，３，４年生存率，病人能顺利完成疗程。     

111例食管癌锁骨上淋巴结转移放射治疗疗效分析

目的 探讨食管癌锁骨上淋巴结转移放射治疗的价值及影响预后因素。方法 １９８４年９月至１９９２年１２月收治食管癌销骨上淋巴结转移１１１例，均采用＾６０Ｃｏ外照射，食管ＤＴ６０～７０Ｇｙ，锁骨上ＤＴ５０～６６Ｇｙ。结果 治疗后的１、３、５年生存率分别为４９．６％、１０．８％、６．３％；病变长度≤５．０ｃｍ～８ｃｍ、〉８ｃｍ的５年生存率分别为１５％、２．５％、０（Ｐ〈０．０５）；疗终Ｘ线表现基本消失与部     

1110例食管癌放射治疗疗效分析

１９７６年１月－１９８４年１２月，放射治疗信院食管癌患者１１１０例，其中男性７７８例，女性３３２例，全部病人均采用＾６０Ｃｏ体外照射，肿瘤量为５０Ｇｙ－７０Ｇｙ／５周－７周。病人均随访５年以上，随访率为９８．３％，１年、３年、５年生存率分别为５５．９％、２０．１％、１３．８％。     

高聚金葡素配合放射治疗鼻咽癌观察

目的：评价高聚金葡素在鼻咽癌放射治疗中的作用。方法：１０８例首诊鼻咽癌患者为治疗组，采用高聚合金葡素肌肉注射１０００Ｕ，每天一次，联合放射治疗；对照组４８例单纯放射。照射剂量鼻咽部７０－７４Ｇｙ／７．５ｗ，中治疗量的６６Ｇｙ预防量约５２Ｇｙ。结果：鼻咽部肿块在５０Ｇｙ时和７０Ｇｙ时的消失率治疗组和对照组分别为８６．６％、９９．１％、３９．６％、９５．８％，二者经Ｘ＾２检验差别有显著性。治疗全过程中     

66例宫颈癌放射治疗疗效分析

目的探讨影响宫颈癌放疗疗效的预后因素。方法１９８４年５月至１９９２年１２月收治宫颈癌 ６６例,其中手术加放疗１０例;腔内后装放疗加~（６０）Ｃｏ外照射 ６例;~（６０）Ｃｏ外照射２５例,~（６０）Ｃｏ加体腔筒外照射２５例。结果　治疗后的３年、５年生存率分别为５７．５８％、４６．９７％。Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ期的５年生存率分别为１００％（２／２）、７０％（１４／２０）、３５．７１％（１５／４２）、０（０／２）,Ⅱ期与Ⅲ期有显著性差别。放疗剂量＜６０Ｇｙ和６０～７０Ｇｙ的５年生存率分别为１３．３３％、４８．５７％（Ｐ＜０．０５）;放疗结束肿瘤完全消失与部分消失的５年生存率分别为 ５８．３３％、１０％（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论 分期愈早,预后愈好,放射治疗剂量以 ６０～７０Ｇｙ为佳,放疗结束时肿瘤完全消失预后较好。     

26例恶性纤维组织细胞瘤手术加放疗疗效分析

「目的」分析恶性纤维组织细胞瘤手术加放疗的疗效。「方法」１９８４年至１９９５年共２６例恶性纤维组织细胞瘤进行了手术及术后放疗。手术采用局部广泛切除术。放疗采用高能Ｘ线、ｅ线或＾６０Ｃｏγ射线,常规分割,肿瘤量５０Ｇｙ￣７０Ｇｙ。「结果」中位随访期５．３年。全组５年生存率、复发率和转移率分别为：６８．５％、２６．９％和１９．２％。其中首次手术加术后放疗及多次手术加术后放疗的５年复发率分别为：６．７％     

四肢软组织肉瘤术前与术后放疗临床观察

[目的]探讨四肢软组织肉瘤术前与术后放疗时间的选择及并发症情况.[方法]回顾分析43例四肢软组织肉瘤病人,其中21例术前行放射治疗(25Gy/5F),22例术后行放射治疗(66Gy/33F),观察两组病人疗效及术后伤口并发症的发生率.[结果]平均随访3.5年,术前放疗者总的生存情况稍好于术后放疗者(P＜0.05);但术前放疗者发生伤口并发症8例(38%),而术后放疗者4例(18%);而且肿瘤大小和解剖位置与并发症有关.[结论]由于术前放疗比术后放疗有较高的伤口并发症发生率,四肢软组织肉瘤治疗时应该考虑放疗的时间选择,同时考虑肿瘤大小及解剖位置.     

Significance of dose in postoperative radiotherapy for soft tissue sarcoma

PURPOSE: For soft tissue sarcoma, adjuvant postoperative radiotherapy improves the local control rate over surgery alone. However, the issue of a dose-control relationship is controversial and was addressed in this study. METHODS AND MATERIALS: We retrospectively reviewed the records of 775 consecutive patients who received postoperative external beam radiotherapy and used univariate and multivariate analysis to determine whether a dose-control relationship exists for the whole group and for specific high-risk subgroups. RESULTS: With a median follow-up of 12.3 years, overall local control rates were 82%, 80%, and 79% at 5, 10, and 15 years. Factors adverse for local control were positive resection margins; tumor location in the head and neck and deep trunk; presentation with locally recurrent disease; patient age >64 years; histopathologic subtype of malignant fibrous histiocytoma, neurogenic sarcoma or epithelioid sarcoma; and tumor size >10 cm. In multivariate analysis, radiation dose > or = 64 Gy vs. <64 Gy independently correlated with improved local control. Significant interactions were noted between increased effectiveness of a higher dose and presentation with locally recurrent disease, with head and neck and deep trunk tumor sites, and with positive or uncertain resection margins such that local control was specifically improved under these circumstances with doses on the order of 64-68 Gy compared with doses on the order of 60 Gy. Higher dose, however, did not completely abrogate the adverse effect of positive margins. CONCLUSION: After gross total resection, soft tissue sarcoma with features predictive of a higher than average local recurrence rate benefited from doses of 64-68 Gy compared with 60 Gy.     

术前放疗在软组织肉瘤保肢手术中的临床应用

目的 探讨术前放疗在软组织肉瘤保肢手术中的临床效果.方法 本组男17例,女13例;首诊6例,复发24例;年龄最大89岁,最小11岁,平均44.5岁.术前经病理检查确诊后接受直线加速器外照射,DT50Gy/25次/35天,放疗结束后休息2-4周即接受手术治疗.结果 随访时间:术后12-106个月,中位随访时间:48.3个月.术前放疗后肿瘤达到CR (complete remission) 2例、PR (partial remission) 25例,2例无变化,1例继续增大.术后因肺转移死亡6例(局部均无复发),占20% (6/30),其中2例为治疗期间出现肺转移,3例术后1年内出现肺转移,1例术后5年出现肺转移.2例分别于术后15个月和73个月局部复发,其中前者经二次广泛切除肿瘤后无复发及转移,后者合并病理性骨折而行截肢.28例无局部复发及远处转移,局部控制率93.3%(28/30).8例伤口延迟愈合,占28.7% (8/30).结论 术前放疗可以降低软组织肉瘤外科分期,缩小外科切除边界,最大限度保留肢体功能,降低局部复发率,降低保肢风险.     

同期小野补量放疗肢体软组织肉瘤的临床研究

目的　探讨同期小野补量放疗技术在肢体软组织肉瘤治疗中的作用及疗效。方法　86例肢体软组织肉瘤术后患者随机分为研究组4 5例和对照组4 1例。研究组大野4 5～5 0Gy/4.5～5 .0周,小野2 0～30Gy/3～4周,每天2个野轮照,间隔6h以上;对照组大野4 5～5 0Gy/4.5～5 .0周后缩野加量2 0～30Gy/2～3周。结果　研究组和对照组1、3、5年生存率分别为90 .6 %和85 .4 %、86 .7%和72 .9%、73.3%和6 5 .0 % (P >0 .0 5 ) ;1、3、5年局部复发率分别为4 .4 %和9.8%、8.9%和2 6 .8%、13.3%和32 .6 % (P <0 .0 5 )。研究组和对照组急、慢性放射性皮肤损伤、慢性放射性皮下组织损伤发生率分别为6 0 .0 %和4 1.5 %、80 .0 %和6 3.4 %、77.8%和6 5 .9% (P >0 .0 5 )。结论　同期小野补量照射技术不增加放射性损伤,但能明显降低局部复发率、提高生存率。     

野中野照射加大剂量顺铂水化防治软组织肉瘤术后复发的临床研究

目的评价野中野照射加大剂量顺铂（HD-PDD）水化技术在软组织肉瘤综合治疗中的地位及其疗效。方法127例软组织肉瘤术后患者随机分为研究组67例（野中野照射加HD-PDD水化）和对照组60例（常规照射、化疗）。研究组放射治疗：大野40～50 Gy,4～5周,小野20～30 Gy,3～4周,每天2野照射,间隔6 h;化疗：PDD 80～100 mg/m^2,每3周1次,共2～3次。对照组放射治疗：40～50 Gy,4～5周,后缩野加量20～30 Gy,2～3周。结果研究组和对照组1,3,5年生存率分别为95.5%和78.3%（P〈0.05）,82.1%和60.0%（P〈0.05）,70.2%和53.3%（P〉0.05）。研究组和对照组1,3,5年局部复发率分别为4.5%和10.0%（P〉0.05）,9.0%和31.7%（P〈0.05）,25.5%和41.7%（P〉0.05）。结论野中野照射加HD-PDD水化技术可在短时间内使肿瘤区接受较高剂量及获得放射治疗增敏,且明显提高了生存率,降低了局部复发率,作为术后综合治疗技术在软组织肉瘤治疗中具有重要价值。     

Conformal radiotherapy for unresectable retroperitoneal soft tissue sarcoma.

Local tumor control remains a continuing challenge in the treatment of retroperitoneal soft tissue sarcoma. Though complete resection by means of wide excision or excisional biopsy can be performed in a minority of patients only, aggressive surgical approach remains the treatment of choice. Unresectable sarcoma can rarely be controlled by conventionally applied radiotherapy--only a few percent of patients survive. A superior dose distribution of external radiation is demanded in order to spare healthy tissue. The presumably greatest advantage will occur when radiotherapy is used preoperatively. The possible clinical gain of superior dose distribution is demonstrated by results of the dynamic, 3-D conformal pion radiotherapy at PSI. Between April 1983 and June 1988 a total of 21 patients were treated with high doses (greater than or equal to 30 Gy) for unresectable retroperitoneal soft tissue sarcoma. The follow-up time is 13-74 months, median 24. Fifteen patients were treated with 20 fx, and 19 patients were treated with fraction sizes of 150 or 165 cGy. Except for one patient with thrombocytopenia after chemotherapy, no treatment interruption was necessary. Five patients developed late reactions, caused also by surgery and chemotherapy: two intestinal obstructions, one liver abscess, one leg edema, and one superficial skin necrosis. Nine patients had laparotomy after pion irradiation, five for resection of the previous unresectable tumor; 3/5 sarcoma were completely resected. Morbidity rate after post-pion laparotomy did not increase. Three patients had local tumor progression, 1/3 inside the treatment volume. The actuarial five-year local tumor control rate of these unresectable retroperitoneal sarcoma is 60%, the actuarial five-year survival rate is 33%. Out of the 21 patients, 15 are alive, two have died from local progression, one from peritoneal progression, and three from metastases.     

Response of sarcomas of bone and of soft tissue to neutron beam therapy

A total of 51 patients were treated at Fermilab for sarcoma of bone (25 patients) and soft tissue (26 patients). Neutrons were delivered in twice weekly fractions over 6-7 weeks to total doses between 18 and 26 Gy. Long-term local control (greater than 2 years) was achieved in 24 patients (47%). Overall local control rates were 44% in the bone sarcomas and 50% in the soft tissue tumors. Chondrosarcoma appeared relatively more responsive with 9 out of 16 (56%) controlled, compared to osteogenic sarcoma with 2 out of 9 (22%) controlled. Among the soft tissue tumors, liposarcoma (5/7 controlled) and neurogenic sarcoma (3/3 controlled) appear to be more responsive than other tumors. The overall survival rate was 40% in the entire series. These results are comparable with international experience in neutron therapy of sarcomas of bone and soft tissues. Out of 263 soft tissue sarcomas treated with neutrons only to full dosage throughout the world, 152 (58%) were locally controlled. Similarly out of 74 sarcomas of bone so treated, 44 (60%) were controlled.     

软组织肉瘤手术加术中放疗的临床研究

目的:探讨软组织肉瘤术中放疗的意义。方法:对39例软组织肉瘤患者行根治或姑息性手术,术中放疗在术中放疗手术室进行,术中根据肿瘤大小,选择不同术中放疗限光筒及6～12MeV电子线1次照射15～25Gy,姑息手术者剂量加大至36Gy。术后辅以外照射治疗,常规设野,5/周,2Gy/次,总量40～50Gy。初发病灶10例,术后复发29例。结果:39例患者随访12～64个月,3、5年局控率分别为71.8%和64.1%。3年生存率为82.0%。结论:术中放疗具有较高的局控率,比之其他治疗具有许多优点,将获得较高的生存率。     

前程加速放射治疗食管癌临床观察

目的　评价前程加速放射治疗食管癌的疗效。方法　自 1994年 1月至 1996年 2月 ,选择 10 6例食管癌患者 ,随机分为两组 :(1)前程加速放射治疗组 5 3例 ,放射治疗第 1,2周 ,每天 3Gy ,5次 /周 ,第 3 ,4周 ,每天 2Gy ,5次 /周 ,总剂量 5 0Gy/ 4周 ;(2 )常规放射治疗组 5 3例 ,每天 2Gy ,5次 /周 ,总剂量 60Gy/ 6周。 结果　前程加速组 5年局部控制率和 5年生存率明显高于常规放疗组 ,分别为 41.5 %比 18.9%和 18.7%比 9.7% ,放疗副作用两组无明显差别。结论　结果显示前程加速放射治疗能提高食管癌局部控制率和生存率。