Tei指数联合组织多普勒评价原发性高血压不同左室构型的左室功能

目的 探讨Tei指数联合组织多普勒（DTI）评价原发性高血压不同左室构型左室功能的临床价值。方法 超声观察98例原发性高血压患者和32例正常人的心脏结构和功能。采用美国超声协会推荐的方法测量室间隔（IVS）、左室后壁厚度（LVPW）及左室舒张末内径（LVDd），并记录左室射血分数（EF）和短轴缩短率（FS）、二尖瓣血流频谱图舒张早期与舒张晚期血流峰值比（E／A）、左室Tei指数，组织多普勒测二尖瓣前叶瓣环运动频谱图收缩期运动幅度S峰及舒张早期与舒张晚期峰速比（Ea／Aa）。结果 与正常对照组相比，原发性高血压左室正常构型组（Ⅰ组，25例）、向心性重构组（Ⅱ组，28例）、向心性肥厚组（Ⅲ组，23例）E／A值均〈1，与正常组间差异有显著性意义，高血压离心性肥厚组（Ⅳ组，22例）E／A〉1，呈假性正常；Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组与正常对照组比较，S值减低（P〈0．01）；高血压各组Ea／Aa值均〈1（P〈0．01）；Ⅳ组EF值显著低于正常对照组（P〈0．01），其余患者EF、FS与正常对照组间无显著性差异；高血压各组Tei指数均较正常对照组增加，呈递增趋势，Ⅲ组与Ⅰ组，Ⅳ组与Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、组间差异有显著性意义；Tei指数和S值、Ea／Aa、EF均为负相关（r分别为-0．44、-0．34、-0．47，P分别小于0．01、0．05、0．01），Tei指数和E／A值无相关性（P〉0．05）。结论 Tei指数联合DTI能简便、敏感、综合评价原发性高血压患者不同左室构型的收缩和舒张功能。     

血清脑钠素水平与高血压相关性研究

目的探讨血清脑钠素（BNP）浓度与原发性高血压及其左室射血分教（LVEF）、左心室质量指数（LVMI）,二尖辩血流E峰与A峰比值（E／A）等超声心动图参数的相关性。方法对入选的90倒原发性高血压患者按高血压分级分成三组,测定血清BNP,超声心动图测量LVEF、左室舒张末期内径（LVDD）、室间隔厚度（IVST）、左室后壁厚度（LVPW）等,并计算LVMl,同时选择30例正常人作为时照组。结果高血压组血清BNP浓度高于对照组,且随着血压升高而升高,各组BNP水平有显著性差异（P〈0．05）。与对照组相比,高血压3级组及2级组LVMI升高,而LVEF、E／A降低,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．01,P〈0．05）。高血压3级组患者血清BNP水平与LVMI显著正相关（P〈0．01）,与LVEF、E／A负相关（P〈0．05）。结论原发性高血压患者常伴心功能下降,血清BNP与高血压密切相关,能较敏感地反映高血压患者心脏损害程度。     

Tei指数与高血压左室肥厚的相关关系的研究

目的探讨高血压病患者左室Tei指数与左室肥厚的相关关系。方法（1）57例高血压病患者，分为高血压左室肥厚（LVH）组28例、高血压无左室肥厚组29例，另选取健康体验者13人作为正常对照组。（2）超声心动图检查测得各个参数并计算左室质量指数（LVMI）、左室Tei指数。结果（1）高血压LVH组的Tei指数显著高于高血压无LVH组及正常对照组，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05），高血压无LVH组Tei指数较正常组有增大的趋势；（2）Tei指数与射血分数（EF）值密切相关（r=-0．281，P〈0．05）。结论（1）高血压LVH与左室Tei指数密切相关。（2）左室Tei指数对高血压病左室收缩功能尚未发生改变时，及早发现左室舒张功能障碍具有一定的意义。     

老年高血压病患者动态脉压与靶器官亚临床损害的关系

目的探讨老年高血压病患者24h平均脉压（24hMPP）与靶器官亚临床损害之间的关系。方法对年龄在60岁以上的50例老年高血压病患者（高血压组）和30例非高血压病患者（对照组）进行观察,分别检查他们的24h动态血压（AMBP）、心脏和颈动脉超声及24h尿微量白蛋白含量,计算出相应的24h平均脉压、左心室重量指数（LVMI）、颈总动脉内膜一中膜厚度（CCA-IMT）和24h尿微量白蛋白排出率（UAE）,并将两组的相应数据进行统计学分析。结果两组在年龄、性别、体表面积和血脂等方面差异无统计学意义（P〉0,05）。高血压组的24hⅧP、24hSBP和24hMDBP明显高于对照组（P〈0,01）,该组的LVMI,CCA-1MT和UAE与对照组相比较差异有极显著性（P〈0．01）。高血压组的24hMPP与LVMl、CCA-IMT和UAE呈正相关（r分别为0,38,0,43,0,39,P〈0．01）。结论24h动态脉压和LVMI、CCA-IMT、UAE之间存在着密切的关系,脉压与老年高血压病患者的靶器官亚临床损害有关,检测老年高血压病患者的24h平均脉压、左室重量指数、颈总动脉IMT和尿微量白蛋白排出率,将有利于对靶器官损害的早期发现和逆转。     

Tei指数评价原发性高血压患者左心室功能的研究

目的探讨Tei指数评价原发性高血压不同左室构型左室整体功能的临床价值。方法108例原发性高血压患者,按照Ganau分类法将其分为四组：正常构型A组（35例）,向心性重构B组（30例）,向心性肥厚C组（23）,离心性肥厚D组（20例）;正常对照组为E组（35例）。行常规超声心动图检查测量舒张末期室间隔、左室后壁厚度和左室内径（IVS、LVPW、LVDd）,二尖瓣口血流频谱E／A比值,肺静脉血流频谱S／D,左室EF值、左心Tei指数,进行对比分析。结果B组、C组、D组的室间隔厚度较E组明显增厚（P〈0．01）;D组INDd较A组、B组、C组及E组明显增大（P〈0．01）;A组、B组、C组、D组的E／A均较E组降低（P〈0．01）;D组的EF值较E组明显降低（P〈0．01）;D组Tei指数较fE组明显增高（P〈0．01）,A组、B组和C组的Tei指数较E组减少（P〈0．05）,且A组、B组和C组与D组比较差异也具有统计学意义。结论Tei指数能简便、准确、综合评价高血压左室整体功能。     

老年高血压患者动态脉压指数与靶器官损害的关系

目的探讨老年高血压患者动态脉压指数与靶器官损害的关系。方法选择60岁以上原发性高血压患者146例,按动态脉压指数水平分为3组：脉压指数≤0.40组（44例）,脉压指数0.41～0.50组（56例）,脉压指数≥0.51组（46例）。3组患者均化验血清肌酐,行动态血压、超声心动图、颈动脉超声、颅脑CT和（或）MRI检查;计算内生肌酐清除率（Ccr）、24h平均收缩压（24hMSBP）、24h平均舒张压（24hMDBP）、24h平均脉压（24hMPP）、脉压指数、左室重量指数（LVMI）、左室射血分数（LVEF）、左室舒张早期充盈峰值流速（E峰）及舒张晚期左房收缩期充盈峰值流速（A峰）比值（E/A）、颈动脉内膜-中层厚度（IMT）。结果3组患者左室肥厚、脑损害、肾功能损害及颈动脉斑块的患病率间差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,脉压指数0.41～0.50组及脉压指数≥0.51组以上指标患病率与脉压指数≤0.40组比较,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,脉压指数≥0.51组以上指标患病率与脉压指数0.41～0.50组比较,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。脉压指数≥0.51组LVEF〈50%患病率与其他两组比较,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,E/A〈1的患病率与脉压指数≤0.40组比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05,）。Spearman相关分析显示,动态脉压指数与心脑肾及颈动脉损害有相关性（均P〈0.05）。结论老年高血压患者动态脉压指数增大与靶器官结构和功能的损害程度密切相关;动态脉压指数可以作为老年高血压患者靶器官损害的预测因子。     

多普勒Tei指数评价左室肥厚患者左室整体功能的价值

目的探讨多普勒Tei指数评价左室肥厚患者左室整体功能的临床应用价值。方法40例左室肥厚患者分为2组：肥厚型心肌病组（A组）20例，高血压左室肥厚组（B组）20例；另选30例健康体检者为正常对照组（C组）。应用多普勒超声测量二尖瓣及主动脉瓣血流频谱，计算左室Tei指数；测量并记录二尖瓣口舒张早期血流速度E峰和舒张晚期血流速度A峰之比（E／A）。M型超声测量并计录左室射血分数（EF）、左室舒张末径（LVDd）、左室收缩末径（LVDs）、室间隔舒张末期厚度（IVsT），左室后壁厚度（LVPwT）。并分析Tei指数与左室肥厚患者IVsT的相关性。结果A、B、C 3组左室Tei指数分别为0．70±0．27、0．50±0．12、0．36±0．07，A、B 2组左室Tei指数均较C组明显升高（P均〈0．01），A组左室Tei指数明显高于B组（P〈0．05）。A、B、C 3组IVST值分别为（20．4±4．0）、（12．4±0．8）、（8．7±1．2）mm，B、C 2组IVST均明显低于A组（P〈0．05，P〈0．01），B组IVST明显高于C组（P〈0．05）；左室肥厚患者A、B 2组Tei指数与IVST均呈正相关（r=0．42、0．37，P均〈0．05）；A、B、C 3组LVDd值分别为（42．7±6．9）、（48．3±4．0）、（46．7±2．9）mm，A、C 2组LVDd均明显低于B组（P均〈0．05）；A、B、C 3组EF值分别为68．0±7．1、66．7±6．3、65．3±6．7，3组间EF比较差异均无统计学意义（P均〉0．05）；A、B、C 3组E／A比值分别为1．72±0．37、0．80±0．27、1．28±0．30，B、C 2组E／A均明显低于A组（P均〈0．05）。结论多普勒Tei指数可以评价肥厚型心肌病及高血压左室肥厚患者左室整体功能，并且与左室肥厚患者IVST呈正相关。     

超高龄高血压病患者动态血压和左室肥厚关系的研究

目的研究超高龄（≥80岁）高血压病患者动态血压监测与左室肥厚的关系及临床意义。方法按年龄将296例被观察者分为超高龄高血压组（116例）、老年高血压组（90例）、中青年高血压组（90例），采用动态血压监测及超声心动图观察平均动脉压、昼夜收缩压（24h SBP）、舒张压（DBP）水平和左室重量指数（LVMI）等。结果24h SBP、nSBP、nSBP／dSBP、SBPL和LVH正相关，单纯收缩期高血压ISH、血压昼夜节律消失BPRD的发生率和LVH的发生率正相关。随着年龄的增加，室内隔厚度（IVST）、左室舒张末期内径（LVDd）、左室后壁厚度（LVPW）和LVMI逐渐增加，有统计学意义（分别为P〈0．05，P〈0．01），（ISH）、（BPRD）和左心室肥厚（LVH）的发生率明显增高，有统计学意义（分别为P〈0．05，P〈0．01）。结论24h sbp、nSBP、nSBP／dSBP、SBPL与老年高血压患者的左心室肥厚关系密切，单纯收缩期高血压（ISH）和非杓型高血压更易发生左心室肥厚。年龄增加是左心室肥厚的一个重要因素。     

老年高血压病患者24h动态脉压与左室结构及功能变化的相关性研究

目的对老年高血压患者24h动态脉胜与左室结构及功能变化的相关性进行分析。方法收集2012年7月～2013年2月来我院进行治疗的190例原发性高血压患者作为研究对象,按照24hPP分为两组,观察Ⅰ组（n=95）为24hPP不低于60mmHg的研究对象,观察Ⅱ组（n=95）为24hPP低于60mmHg的研究对象,比较两组患者的24h动态血压、左心室结构和功能相关指标及24hPPI左心室肥厚及左心室功能不全在各级别患者间差异。结果①观察Ⅰ组与观察Ⅱ组比较24hSBP、24hPP均明显较高,而24hDBP均明显较低．两组具有显著性差异（P〈0．05）。②IVST、LVPWT、LVEDD、LVM、LVMI、LVEF、E／A在三组间均具有显著性差异（P〈0．05）。③左心室肥厚及左心室功能不全的发生率在不同分级患者中具有显著性差异（P〈0．05）,24hPPI明硅正相关于左心室肥厚、左心室功能不全（P〈0．05）。结论老年原发性高血压患者左心室肥厚及功能减退中高脉压是一项重要的危险因素,对老年高血压患者进行脉压控制是非常重要的．在临床监测中24hPPI是重要的预测指标。     

老年原发性高血压患者脉压指数与左心室肥厚的关系

目的探讨老年原发性高血压患者脉压指数与左心室肥厚关系。方法老年高血压病患者130例根据脉压指数（PPI）分为A组68例,B组62例。统计并计算各组的性别、高血压病程、体重指数（BMI）、血糖、血脂、收缩压（SBP）、舒张压（DBP）、脉压（PP）、脉压指数（PPI）、左室重量指数（LVMI）、左室短轴缩短率（EF）、射血分数（FS）。结果年龄、病程、PPI、PP、SBP与LVMI呈正相关（P〈0.01）,而DBP与LVMI负相关（P〈0.01）。PPI≥0.5的高血压患者,左室肥厚的发生率明显高于PPI〈0.5的患者（P〈0.01）。结论老年原发性高血压患者脉压指数与左心室肥厚密切相关。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.