Levels of soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 are increased in women with ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether plasma and peritoneal fluid levels of soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1) and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) are altered in women with ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS). DESIGN: Prospective, case-control study. SETTING: Lis Maternity Hospital and the Sara Racine IVF Unit, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel. PATIENT(S): The study group comprised 16 women with severe OHSS. The control groups comprised 10 women treated with controlled ovarian hyperstimulation and 8 women with normal findings at diagnostic laparoscopy. INTERVENTION(S): Plasma samples were obtained from the study group and the first control group. Peritoneal fluid samples were obtained during paracentesis from the study group and during diagnostic laparoscopy from the second control group. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Samples were assayed by specific ELISA for sVCAM-1 and sICAM-1. RESULT(S): The mean peritoneal fluid levels of sVCAM-1 and sICAM-1 and the mean plasma levels of sVCAM-1 were significantly higher in the women with OHSS than in the control groups. However, the mean plasma levels of sICAM-1 were comparable. A positive correlation was demonstrated between the levels of sVCAM-1 and plasma E2 at the time of hCG administration and between the levels of sICAM-1 and number of ova retrieved. CONCLUSION(S): Our findings suggest that soluble cell adhesion molecules may have a role in the pathogenesis and progression of OHSS.     

子(癎)前期患者血中氧化低密度脂蛋白及可溶性细胞间黏附分子-1水平的变化及意义

目的探讨子癎前期(preeclampsia,PE)患者血浆中氧化低密度脂蛋白(oxidized low density lipoprotein,oxLDL)和可溶性细胞间黏附分子-1(soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1,sICAM-1)水平的变化及其意义。方法采用酶联免疫吸附法(enzyme-linked immunosorbent as-say,ELISA),检测50例PE患者[PE组,其中子癎前期轻度(mild preeclampsea,MPE)及子癎前期重度(severe preeclampsia,SPE)各25例]及25例同期正常孕妇(对照组)血浆中oxLDL和sICAM-1的水平变化。结果PE患者血浆中oxLDL和sICAM-1水平[分别为(30.56±10.29)μg/dl和(703.25±184.21)μg/L]均显著高于对照组[分别为(21.48±10.41)μg/dl和(258.07±67.45)μg/L,P均<0.01]。PE组中,SPE组oxLDL和sICAM-1的水平[分别为(33.74±9.57)μg/dl和(820.02±173.47)μg/L]均显著高于MPE组[分别为(27.39±10.18)μg/dl和(586.48±103.85)μg/L,P<0.05和<0.01]。PE组血浆oxLDL与sICAM-1的水平呈显著正相关(r=0.6175,P<0.01)。结论PE的发病与血清中oxLDL和sICAM-1的水平异常有密切关系。     

The expression of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in endometriosis

Objective: To investigate the association between concentrations of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) with regard to the severity of endometriosis.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: Infertility unit in a university hospital.

Patient(s): Seventy-one infertile patients who underwent laparoscopic evaluation were divided into two groups: 36 patients with endometriosis served as cases, and 35 patients without endometriosis served as control subjects.

Intervention(s): Peripheral blood and peritoneal fluid (PF) were collected from these patients during laparoscopic examination.

Main Outcome Measure(s): Quantitative determination of levels of human ICAM-1 and IFN-γ was performed with the use of an ELISA. The data were evaluated by Student’s t-test, analysis of variance, and regression analysis.

Result(s): Significantly elevated levels of soluble ICAM-1 were found in the sera of patients with endometriosis, especially those with advanced stages of the disease. Decreased IFN-γ levels, which were negatively correlated with serum levels of soluble ICAM-1, also were noted in the PF of patients with endometriosis.

Conclusion(s): The increased serum levels of ICAM-1 found in patients with endometriosis may indicate the presence of an active disease process. Further, the increased levels of soluble ICAM-1 in peripheral blood were inversely correlated with the concentrations of IFN-γ in PF. The increased levels of soluble ICAM-1 in plasma may be associated with an immunologic feedback response that blocks further infiltration of immune cells. These findings may be of value in the diagnosis and evaluation of endometriosis.     

Relationship between estrogen receptor-alpha polymorphism and serum levels of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, C-reactive protein and homocysteine in postmenopausal women.

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Genetic variation in the estrogen receptor-gene (ERalpha) may influence the risk of cardiovascular diseases in postmenopausal women. This effect, at least in part, may be dependent on the decrease in expression of injury and inflammatory markers in the vascular wall. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relationship between ERalpha PvuII and XbaI polymorphisms and serum levels of soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1), soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), C-reactive protein (CRP) and homocysteine in postmenopausal women. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Subjects of the study were 64 postmenopausal women. PvuII and XbaI ERalpha gene polymorphisms were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. RESULTS: Mean sVCAM-1 level was significantly higher in pp homozygotes in comparison with PP homozygotes and Pp heterozygotes, as well as higher in xx homozygotes in comparison with XX homozygotes and Xx heterozygotes. Levels of sVCAM-1 were also significantly higher in women with px haplotype compared with PX and Px haplotypes. There were no relationships between investigated genotypes or haplotypes and levels of sICAM-1, CRP and homocysteine. CONCLUSION: The results of our study suggest that genetic variation in ER gene may influence blood levels of VCAM-1 in women after the menopause.     

Cytokine regulation of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression on trophoblasts in preeclampsia

In normal pregnancy, trophoblast (TR) invasion plays a crucial role in remodeling the spiral arteries to develop uteroplacental circulation. Disruption of this invasion is associated with deficient uteroplacental circulation, which can lead to the development of preeclampsia (PE) through abnormal expression of adhesion molecules in the placenta and high serum causative factors such as cytokines. We aimed to evaluate whether serum factors in PE influence intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression of TRs. ICAM-1 expression of TRs was measured using flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry was performed to examine the localization of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) and ICAM-1 in placentas derived from women with normal pregnancies and women with PE. Sera from PE patients significantly increased ICAM-1 expression on TRs compared to sera from normal pregnant women; this increase was blocked with an antibody to TNFalpha. TNFalpha also enhanced ICAM-1 expression on TRs through nuclear factor-kappaB activation. We conclude that ICAM-1 expressed on TRs is involved in PE pathogenesis and is regulated by cytokines.     

Plasma concentration of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) is ranked as one of the endothelial dysfunction markers and factors predicting diseases of the cardiovascular system. The main objective of this study was to assess the serum concentration of sICAM-1 in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and to verify correlations between serum sICAM-1 levels and selected anthropometric, metabolic and hormonal indices. The study assessed 57 women with PCOS (mean age 28.2 +/- 6.4 years). That group was further divided into two subgroups: the first with body mass index (BMI) < or =25 kg/m2 (21 women of mean age 27.4 +/- 7.0 years) and the second with BMI >25 kg/m2 (36 women of mean age 28.6 +/- 6.0 years). In the control group there were 22 healthy women (mean age of 31.6 +/- 8.5 years). That group again was divided accordingly to BMI into two subgroups: the first with BMI <25 kg/m2 (ten women, mean age 30.2 +/- 8.4 years) and the second with BMI > 25 kg/m2 (12 women, mean age 31.7 +/- 8.7 years). The results demonstrated statistically significantly higher mean concentrations of sICAM-1 in women with PCOS as compared to healthy individuals from the whole control group and also from the control subgroup of women with BMI >25 kg/m2. There was no statistically significant difference in sICAM-1 concentration between the PCOS group and the control subgroup with BMI < or =25 kg/m2 In conclusion, higher concentrations of sICAM-1 in women with PCOS may confirm the presence of a higher risk for cardiovascular diseases in this group. Further studies are therefore necessary to identify both the factors that are responsible for the increase in sICAM-1 concentration and the clinical usefulness of routine sICAM-1 measurement in females with PCOS.     

Hyperhomocyst(e)inemia and elevated soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 concentrations are associated with an increased risk of preeclampsia

Hyperhomocyst(e)inemia (HHcy) is a risk factor of endothelial dysfunction and preeclampsia. Soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1), a specific marker of endothelial dysfunction, is elevated in preeclampsia. Few have assessed the joint contribution of these biomarkers in predicting preeclampsia. We assessed the extent to which HHcy and elevated sVCAM-1 are independently and jointly associated with preeclampsia. We conducted a case-control analysis of 100 preeclampsia cases and 100 controls to test our study hypothesis. Maternal plasma was collected before labor onset. Total plasma homocysteine (tHcy) was measured using high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection procedures. Plasma sVCAM-1 was determined using ELISA. Using the distribution of each analyte among controls, elevated tHcy was defined as plasma tHcy >6.6 micromol/l and elevated sVCAM-1 was defined as plasma concentrations >845 ng/ml (i.e., values above the median). Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Compared with women without elevated tHcy and without elevated sVCAM-1 (the referent group), those with elevated sVCAM-1 alone had a 4.1-fold increased risk of preeclampsia (95% CI 1.2-13.8). The OR for women with elevated tHcy alone was 2.2 (95% CI 0.6-7.9). The OR for women with elevated tHcy and sVCAM-1 was 13.2 (95% CI 4.1-42.2). Elevated tHcy and sVCAM-1 together were strongly associated with an increased risk of preeclampsia. Larger, prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings and to determine the extent to which elevated tHcy and sVCAM-1 together in early pregnancy are predictive of preeclampsia risk.     

Endothelium-derived nitric oxide metabolites and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in diabetic and normal pregnancies

OBJECTIVE: Endothelial dysfunction has been demonstrated in adult subjects with diabetes. We studied if maternal diabetes is associated with altered endothelial function in the fetus, as this might shed light on mechanisms by which adult diseases are programmed in utero. STUDY DESIGN: Total nitrate/nitrite (NOx) concentration was measured spectrophotometrically with the Griess reagent method. Soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) concentration was measured by enzyme-linked immunoassay. RESULTS: Venous cord serum NOx concentration at birth was highest in pregnancies complicated by type 1 diabetes (29.5+/-1.8 micromol/l, n=63) (P<0.0001 versus controls) and lowest in normal pregnancies (19.0+/-1.0 micromol/l, n=56). The concentration was intermediate in pregnancies complicated by gestational diabetes (23.9+/-2.7 micromol/l, n=24), but not significantly higher than in normal pregnancies (P=0.172). Venous cord serum sICAM-1 concentration did not differ between the three groups (P=0.191). Maternal serum NOx concentration in the third trimester was higher in pregnancies complicated by type 1 diabetes (22.9+/-3.4 micromol/l, n=22) than in normal pregnancies (15.4+/-1.4 micromol/l, n=21) (P=0.049). CONCLUSIONS:: Increased cord serum NOx but unaltered sICAM-1 concentration in diabetic pregnancies indicates that maternal diabetes does not cause a general alteration in fetal endothelial function. The increase in cord serum and maternal serum NOx concentration in diabetic pregnancies may be due to abnormalities in insulin-induced nitric oxide release or to a diminished reactivity of the vasculature to the effects of nitric oxide.     

子宫内膜异位症患者血清中可溶性细胞间粘附分子-1可溶性白介素Ⅱ受体23例测定及其意义

目的　测定子宫内膜异位症患者血清中可溶性细胞间粘附分子 - 1(sICAM - 1)、可溶性白细胞介素Ⅱ受体 (sIL - 2R)的水平 ,并探讨其临床意义。方法　应用酶联免疫吸附试验双抗体夹心法 (ELISA)对 2 3例子宫内膜异位症患者及 17例正常妇女血清sICAM - 1、sIL - 2R水平进行测定。结果　术前子宫内膜异位症患者血清中sICAM - 1、sIL - 2R水平明显高于正常对照组 (P <0 0 1)。轻度组与重度组之间无显著性差异 (P >0 0 5 )。血清中sICAM - 1对子宫内膜异位症的敏感性与特异性分别为 6 9 5 7%与 76 4 7%。血清sIL - 2R对子宫内膜异位症的敏感性与特异性分别为 6 5 2 2 %与 70 5 9%。血清中sICAM - 2R、sIL - 2R联合检测子宫内膜异位症的敏感性与特异性分别为 5 2 17%和 82 35 %。结论　血清中sICAM - 1、sIL - 2R可能与子宫内膜异位症的发生相关 ;检测血清中sICAM - 1与sIL - 2R有助于子宫内膜异位症的诊断和治疗     

The relationship between the level of expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in placenta and onset of preeclampsia

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the differences in the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in the placenta and the concentration of soluble ICAM-1 between early-onset and late-onset preeclampsia. METHODS: Preeclampsia was divided into early-onset type (EO: 20 to 31 weeks gestation) and late-onset type (LO: > or = 32 weeks gestation). Post delivery, placentas were obtained from 19 control pregnant women and from 9 EO and 8 LO preeclamptic women. The expression of ICAM-1 in placenta was determined by immunohistochemical staining. Blood samples were taken from 21 non-pregnant women, 16 control pregnant women, 13 EO and 8 LO preeclamptic women, and umbilical cord blood samples from 38 control pregnancies and from 16 EO and 14 LO preeclampsia. The concentration of ICAM-1 was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. RESULTS: The expression of ICAM-1 in placenta was higher in LO than in EO preeclampsia (48.2 +/- 8.2% vs 17.9 +/- 5.0%) (p < 0.05). ICAM-1 concentration in umbilical cord blood was higher in EO than in LO preeclampsia (umbilical artery, 150.6 +/- 34.0 ng/ml vs 90.3 +/- 9.4 ng/ ml) (umbilical vein, 128.3 +/- 31.2 ng/ml vs 91.3 +/- 10.2 ng/ml) (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Significant differences were noted in the expression of ICAM-1 between patients with EO and LO preeclampsia, which suggest that the possibility that EO and LO preeclampsia may have different onset mechanisms.     

Serum intercellular adhesion molecule-1 levels and histologic chorioamnionitis

OBJECTIVE: To compare the diagnostic value of intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 with that of C-reactive protein (CRP) and white blood cell (WBC) count for detecting histologic chorioamnionitis in serum of women with preterm labor. METHODS: Maternal blood was collected from 97 consecutive women admitted with preterm delivery before 37 weeks' gestation, and 50 women after normal term delivery (38-41 weeks' gestation). Intercellular adhesion molecule-1, CRP, and WBC count were measured before delivery. RESULTS: Histologic chorioamnionitis was diagnosed in 48 of 97 women (48%) who delivered preterm and in none who delivered at term. Maternal serum levels of ICAM-1 (median 169 ng/mL, range 94-510 ng/mL, P <.001), CRP (median 2.8 ng/mL, range 0.5-13.2 mg/dL, P <.001) and WBC count (12.6 x 10(3)/microL, range 6.4-30.6 x 10(3)/microL, P <.02) were statistically significantly higher in women with histologic chorioamnionitis than those without it (ICAM-1 median 70 ng/mL, range 23-107 ng/mL; CRP median 0.7 mg/dL, range 0.5-6.7 mg/dL; WBC count median 10.9 x 10(3)/microL, range 4.3-22.2 x 10(3)/microL). The sensitivity and specificity of maternal serum ICAM-1 (cutoff 106 ng/mL), CRP (cutoff 1.1 mg/dL), and WBC count (cutoff 11.8 x 10(3)/microL) for diagnosing histologic chorioamnionitis were 98.0% and 93.8%, 75.5% and 71.4%, and 63.3% and 61.2%, respectively. CONCLUSION: In women with preterm labor, ICAM-1 is a more reliable indicator of histologic chorioamnionitis than CRP or WBC count.     

Serum levels of platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1) and soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (sVEGFR)-1 and -2 in HIV associated preeclampsia

Objective: The angiogenic–antiangiogenic imbalance evident in preeclampsia (PE) may be used as a predictive tool to identify women likely to develop the clinical features in early pregnancy. Method: This retrospective study examined normotensive pregnant (n = 38) and preeclamptic (n = 38) HIV-infected and uninfected women to quantify sVEGFR-1 and -2 and PECAM-1 levels. Results: In contrast to PECAM-1, sVEGFR-1 and -2 differed according to pregnancy type (p = 0.07; p = 0.001; p = 0.002) but not by HIV status (p = 0.68; p = 0.13; p = 0.43). Conclusion: Irrespective of the HIV status, we report an upregulation of sVEGFR-1 with concomitant decline of PECAM-1 and sVEGFR-2 levels in PE compared to normotensive pregnancies.     

Expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in umbilical and placental vascular tissue of gestational diabetic and normal pregnancies

Objective  

Expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), a marker of endothelial dysfunction leading to damaging vascular disorders, in umbilical and placental vascular tissue of gestational pregnancies was compared to non-diabetic controls.     

妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症患者血清及新生儿脐血中可溶性细胞间粘附分子-1的检测及临床意义

目的 :检测妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症 (ICP)患者血清及新生儿脐血中可溶性细胞间粘附分子 - 1(SICAM - 1)及其临床意义。方法 :采用酶联免疫吸附法 (ELISA)检测各项指标。结果 :(1)ICP患者血清、新生儿脐血中SICAM - 1的浓度明显高于正常孕妇组 (P<0 .0 1) ,随着ICP程度的增加 ,SICAM - 1的浓度逐渐增高 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;两组孕妇产后 1周母血中SICAM - 1逐渐降至正常 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;(2 )ICP患者血清中SICAM - 1的升高与胆汁酸 (BA)、ALT、AST呈正相关 (P <0 .0 0 1,P <0 .0 0 5 )。结论 :ICP患者血清、新生儿脐血中SICAM - 1含量的升高在ICP的发病中可能有一定的作用     

Increased maternal plasma levels of soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) in pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH)

One of the reason of PIH problems may be due to the presence of increased circulating levels of cell adhesion molecules, markers of endothelial damage and leukocyte activation. The objective was to evaluate the plasma levels of soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule in maternal peripheral blood of patients with PIH (pregnancy induced hypertension) and compared to those of normal healthy women with uncomplicated pregnancy. Maternal plasma samples were prepared from peripheral venous blood collected from 10 patients with PIH and 10 matched normotensive patients with uncomplicated pregnancies. Samples were assayed for soluble VCAM-1 by specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Women with PIH had significantly higher plasma level of soluble VCAM-1 as compared with healthy pregnant women without PIH (653.50 vs. 456.39 ng/mL, respectively, p < 0.005). Our results on the increased plasma levels of soluble VCAM-1 in patients with PIH provide evidence for endothelial activation of PIH. It suggest that increased plasma level of soluble VCAM-1 could be an early marker of the maternal syndrome of PIH.     

Increased levels of intercellular adhesion molecules and vascular cell adhesion molecules in pre-eclampsia

Objective To investigate the correlation between soluble forms of the intercellular adhesion molecule (SICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule (sVCAM-1) and the severity of pre-eclampsia or its possible consequences for fetal growth.
Design Prospective observational study.
Setting Institute of Medical Genetics, University of Oslo, Department of Medical Genetics and Haematological Research Laboratory, Ullevål University Hospital; and the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The National Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Participants Seventy-six women with normotensive pregnancies and 157 women with pre-eclampsia divided into three subgroups: mild, severe and pre-eclampsia with fetal growth retardation.
Methods ELISA-measurements of plasma SICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 were performed in a group of healthy pregnant normotensive women and three groups of women with varying degrees of pre-eclampsia.
Results SICAM-1 concentrations were higher in the pre-eclampsia group compared with the control group, but this difference was not statistically significant. Plasma concentrations of sVCAM-1 were significantly greater ( P < 0.0001) in all pre-eclampsia subgroups (835.34, 855.25 and 964.05 ng/mL) compared with the control group (667.62 ng/mL). Within the pre-eclampsia group, plasma concentration of sVCAM-1 was significantly higher in the subgroup exhibiting fetal growth retardation ( P = 0.03) compared with mild pre-eclampsia.
Conclusion The observed increases in plasma concentrations of sVCAM-1 suggest that measurements of this adhesion molecule may be useful in monitoring pregnancies with respect to the development of pre-eclampsia or fetal growth retardation.     

Use of serum-soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 as a new marker of endometriosis

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the hypothesis that soluble intercellular adhesions molecule-1 (sICAM-1) may be used as a new serum marker of endometriosis. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. SETTING: An academic department specializing in gynecologic laparoscopy. PATIENT(S): Consecutive series of 120 women of reproductive age who underwent laparoscopy for benign gynecologic conditions. INTERVENTION(S): Data were collected on baseline clinical characteristics, and surgical and histologic diagnosis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Serum concentration of both CA125 and sICAM-1. RESULT(S): Endometriosis was documented in 71 women (stage I to II in 24 cases and stage III to IV in 47 cases). Serum levels of sICAM-1 were only slightly but not significantly increased in women with endometriosis compared with women without the disease. However, serum concentration of sICAM-1 in the 21 women who were found to have deep peritoneal endometriosis was significantly enhanced when compared with both women without the disease and those with other forms of endometriosis. The sensitivity and specificity of sICAM-1 in detecting deep peritoneal endometriosis were 0.19 and 0.97, respectively; whereas those of CA125 were 0.14 and 0.92, respectively. When both parameters were used concomitantly, the sensitivity and specificity were 0.28 and 0.92, respectively. CONCLUSION(S): Although the present study tends to support a role of sICAM-1 in the development of endometriosis, serum concentrations of this molecule do not seem to be an effective indicator for the diagnosis of either the early or advanced stage of endometriosis. However, an integrated clinical and laboratory approach using both CA125 and sICAM-1 may be helpful in specifically identifying women with deep peritoneal endometriosis.