Impact of nutritional status on birth weight of neonates in Zahedan City, Iran

The objective of this study was to measure anthropometric and haemoglobin level and nutrient intake of expecting women in the third trimester of pregnancy and to relate the birth weight of neonates as outcome of pregnancy. A cross sectional study was performed in Zahedan City. Two hospitals situated in the city were selected based on their approval and cooperation. Five hundred healthy pregnant women in the age group 16-40 years were selected for this study. Findings showed that the mean height, weight, fundal height, and haemoglobin of pregnant women were 156.4 cm, 62.6 kg, 34.2 cm, and 11.1g/dl respectively. Nutrient intake was computed based on 24 hour recall method. The results showed that, the mean intake of energy was 1802 Kcal/day. The intake of protein, calcium, iron, zinc and magnesium were 70.7 g, 544.0 mg, 16.1 mg, 10.6 mg and 266.0 mg respectively. Percentage adequacy of nutrient intakes with reference to RDA recommendation showed 95% and 80% of subjects had sufficient RDA intakes, while energy, calcium, iron and zinc intake considered as insufficient. The mean birth weight of neonates was 3.0 kg and 13% of neonates showed low birth weight. Maternal height, weight, fundal height and haemoglobin level were significantly correlated with birth weight of neonates. Energy, protein and calcium intakes in the third trimester were significantly correlated with birth weight of neonates. Using the binary logistic regression analysis fundal height, haemoglobin level and energy intake of pregnant women were considered as predictor factors of birth weight of neonates.     

孕前体质指数、孕期增重与新生儿出生体重和分娩方式的关系

目的:探讨孕妇孕前体质指数(BMI)及孕期增重对新生儿出生体重和分娩方式的影响。方法:选取474名身体健康的孕晚期妇女作为调查对象,于分娩前后对孕妇及新生儿进行追踪调查,获得有效问卷442份。按孕前BMI及孕期增重分组进行整理分析。结果:调查对象孕期平均增重(15.80±4.60)kg,孕前超重及肥胖者孕期增重低于孕前低体重者(F=3.87,P<0.01)。新生儿平均出生体重(3 240.30±377.60)g,其中低出生体重儿10例(2.26%),巨大儿16例(3.62%)。剖宫产者占48.20%。Logistic回归分析显示,妇女孕前超重及肥胖是分娩巨大儿及剖宫产的危险因素;孕期增重>21.00 kg是分娩巨大儿的危险因素;增重>18.00 kg是剖宫产发生的危险因素。结论:孕前体质指数和孕期增重是巨大儿和剖宫产的重要影响因素,保持适宜的孕前体重及孕期合理增重对于改善出生结局有着积极的意义。     

A study of maternal determinants and foetal weight

This study was conducted during 1991-93 to determine the effects of various maternal factors on fetal birth weight. 219 pregnant women aged 15-44 years and their children participated. Data pertaining to maternal and fetal anthropometry were collected. Results revealed that birth weight seemed to be affected by many variables. Maternal height could affect fetal weight either genetically or by environmental mechanism. It was also observed that the mean birth weight increased significantly with increasing maternal prepregnancy weight and height. In addition, maternal weight gain during pregnancy was a major determinant of fetal outcome and was found to be a primary indicator of infant morbidity and mortality. Newborn infants with birth weights of 2500 g and gestational ages of more than 34 weeks had a 99.8% survival rate, whereas babies born earlier than 26 weeks of gestation usually did not survive. In general, maternal prepregnancy weight and weight gain during pregnancy (P 0.0001) had a greater effect on birth weight than did maternal height and gestational age (P 0.01).     

胎儿生长受限高危因素的Logistic回归分析

目的:探讨胎儿生长受限(FGR)发生的高危因素。方法:采用1∶1配比的病例对照研究设计,对2011年在该院分娩的276例FGR新生儿(FGR组)及276例正常体重新生儿(正常组)及其产妇病历资料进行回顾性分析。结果:FGR组与正常组在产妇年龄、文化程度、家庭月收入、吸烟、饮茶、妊娠期感染史、妊娠期合并症、妊娠期并发症、新生儿胎龄等单因素方面比较存在差异,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);以新生儿体重为因变量,其他因素为自变量,进行非条件性的Lo-gistic多因素分析,结果显示产妇年龄、文化程度、家庭月收入、吸烟、饮茶、妊娠期感染史、妊娠期合并症、妊娠期并发症、新生儿胎龄等因素差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:产妇高龄、文化程度低、家庭月收入低,有吸烟、饮茶、妊娠期感染史,存在妊娠期合并症、妊娠期并发症及新生儿低胎龄均是FGR发生的高危因素。在孕期应针对以上高危因素积极进行针对性预防,以减少FGR的发生。     

Predicting low birth weight delivery using maternal nutritional and uterine parameters

At the Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University in Varanasi, India, health workers took anthropometric measurements and hemoglobin level of 196 pregnant women at gestation of 37-41 weeks and of their singleton newborns to detect a combination of maternal nutritional and uterine parameters which could be used to screen mothers at high risk of delivering a low birth weight (LBW) infant ( 2500 g). The maternal anthropometric measurements included pre- and post-delivery weight, height, head and midarm circumference, fundal height, and abdominal girth. Weight, height, head and midarm circumference, and hemoglobin were significantly correlated with birth weight. Pre-delivery weight was better correlated than post-delivery weight with birth weight (r value = 0.4966 vs. 0.3494). The correlation between pre-delivery weight and birth weight remained, even when hemoglobin and one of the uterine parameters were controlled simultaneously. Hemoglobin was an independent significant predictor of birth weight, when all other variables were controlled simultaneously. Both fundal height and abdominal girth were significantly associated with birth weight, when all other variables were controlled simultaneously. Fundal height had a greater difference in means of birth weight than did abdominal girth (960 vs. 871 g). If the fundal height was less than 25 cm, all infants had a LBW. If the fundal height was greater than 35 cm, only one infant had a LBW. The multiple regression equation using pre-delivery weight, hemoglobin, fundal height, and abdominal girth (all independent significant parameters) to estimate birth weight accounted for 70.5% variation. Researchers tested the equation on 118 consecutive full-term singleton newborns. The equation predicted LBW in 32 of the 36 actual LBW deliveries. The estimated birth weights in the 4 actual but missed cases were 2620, 2600, 2566, and 2826 g. This equation can be successfully used to screen pregnant women for LBW.     

深圳市2008年高龄产妇妊娠结局分析

目的:探讨深圳市高龄产妇与不良妊娠结局的关系,为妇幼卫生政策提供依据。方法:对深圳市妇幼信息系统2008年深圳市161362例产妇资料进行分析,采用单因素分析比较不同年龄段产妇基本状况及妊娠结局,采用多因素Logistic分析产妇高龄与早产及低出生体重的关系,分析软件使用SPSS15.0。结果:深圳高龄产妇的比例逐年上升;单因素分析表明,随产妇年龄的增加,初产妇比例下降,孕前超重、肥胖比例增加,剖宫产比例增加;40岁以上产妇分娩婴儿的平均出生体重显著低于30～34岁以及35～39岁产妇,平均孕周显著低于其他年龄组,早产儿、低出生体重儿、小于胎龄儿比例、围产儿死亡率在产妇各年龄段分布呈中间低两头高态势,极早早产儿、极低低出生体重儿比例均以40岁以上产妇比例最高,出生缺陷率随产妇年龄增加而增加。多因素分析显示,控制产妇户籍类型、产次、体质指数、小孩性别后,与20～29岁组相比,35～39岁组和≥40岁组产妇低出生体重儿和早产儿的危险性增加。结论:深圳市大样本研究表明产妇高龄与不良的妊娠结局有关。     

孕前 BMI、孕期体重增加与新生儿出生体重关系探讨

目的：探讨孕前不同体重指数（BMI）妇女孕期体重增加与新生儿出生体重的关系。方法回顾性分析2013年7—12月在北京市海淀区妇幼保健院建档、产前检查并分娩的单胎足月孕产妇资料,包括年龄、身高和孕前体重,分娩前体重,分娩孕周及新生儿出生体重等指标。结果4927例孕妇孕期平均体重增加（16.5±4.3）kg,胎儿出生体重平均为（3402.3±381.8）g,剖宫产率为34.7％。孕妇体重增加过多组、适中组和不足组的比例分别为32.9％、53.3％和13.8％,孕前不同 BMI 各组体重增长差异有统计学意义,随着孕前 BMI 增加,孕期增重数值呈下降趋势,组间差异有统计学意义。孕期体重增加与胎儿出生体重呈正相关（r ＝0.26）。分娩适宜胎龄儿3933例,孕前低体重组、孕前正常体重组、孕前超重组和肥胖组孕期增重适宜范围分别为14.0～19.0 kg、14.0～19.0 kg、11.5～17.0 kg 和8.0～16.5 kg,超过美国 IOM推荐范围,孕期体重增加的中位数（P50）分别为17.0 kg、16.0 kg、14.0和12.0 kg,孕期体重平均增加15.0kg（P50）。结论孕前 BMI、孕期孕妇体重增加与新生儿出生体重相关,孕期体重增加超过 IOM推荐范围,做好孕期体重管理势在必行。     

Socioeconomic and work related determinants of pregnancy outcome in southern Thailand

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To examine the effect of socioeconomic status on pregnancy outcome in an urbanised area in a rapidly developing country. METHODS: A cohort of 1797 pregnant women who attended antenatal care clinics at the two 700 bed hospitals in Hatyai city was recruited from September 1994 to November 1995. The pregnant women were followed up from the 17th week of gestation until delivery. The socioeconomic indicators selected were family socioeconomic status, maternal education, maternal occupation, family income and work exposure characteristics based upon Karasek's job content questionnaires. Pregnancy outcomes were birth weight, low birth weight, small for gestational age and preterm delivery. MAIN RESULTS: Mean birth weight correlated with socioeconomic status and income but after adjustment for parity, maternal age and height, weight at delivery day, baby sex, obstetrical complications and antenatal care utilisation, only family income remained correlated with birth weight. No association with any socioeconomic status indicators was found when using dichotomous outcome (low birth weight, small for gestational age or preterm delivery). Only high psychological job demand was associated with small for gestational age. Confounder adjustment indicated that the observed social status differences in pregnancy outcomes were mainly attributable to mother's characteristics and antenatal service use. CONCLUSIONS: Socioeconomic indicators alone were not associated with reduced fetal growth or preterm delivery in this study, which recruited mainly lower or middle class women. Karasek's psychological job demand was only weakly correlated with small for gestational age infant.     

广西平果县和德保县壮族人群低出生体重的影响因素研究

目的 分析壮族人群低出生体重发生情况,探讨低出生体重儿的影响因素。方法 选取在广西平果县人民医院、妇幼保健院及德保县妇幼保健院2012年1月1日~2015年6月1日出生的4 915例壮族活产新生儿为研究对象,收集一般人口学资料及低出生体重相关的影响因素,采用多因素Logistic回归方法分析低出生体重儿的影响因素。结果 低出生体重儿358例,低出生体重率为7.28%。母亲孕龄≥35岁（OR=1.72）、身高150 cm以下（OR=2.75）、孕早期体质指数（body mass index,BMI）<18.5 kg/m2（OR=1.68）、血红蛋白浓度<110 g/L（OR=1.50）、孕中期增重少（OR=1.57）、流产史（OR=1.76）、妊娠期高压（OR =5.32）、多产次（OR=1.51）、孕期产前检查少于8次（OR=2.10）等为低出生体重儿发生的危险因素;母亲孕早期BMI≥24.0 kg/m2（OR=0.26）、分娩孕周37周及以上（OR =0.06）、单胎（OR=0.04）等为保护因素。结论 母亲孕龄、身高、孕早期BMI、血红蛋白浓度、流产史、妊娠期高血压、孕期产前检查次数等是壮族人群低出生体重的影响因素,应采取综合措施预防和减少低出生体重儿的发生。     

沈阳地区孕期体重增长与妊娠结局关系研究

目的:调查沈阳地区孕妇体重增长情况,探讨孕期体重增长与妊娠结局的关系。方法:单纯随机抽样方法抽取沈阳市10个区、县(市)2010年9～10月在妇幼保健机构建立《孕妇保健手册》的孕妇3 203例,自制调查问卷对孕妇整个孕期分4～7次不等进行体重等指标测量,同时追踪其妊娠结局,采用单因素分析方法进行统计分析。结果:孕前身体质量指数(BMI)越大,其新生儿体重越大;孕期体重增长与新生儿体重呈正的直线相关。结论:孕前低BMI孕妇若在孕期体重赶上增长,就能分娩出正常体重的新生儿;而孕前高BMI孕妇则必须减少孕期体重增长,才能分娩出正常体重的新生儿。     

Gestational weight gain and its related social and demographic factors in health care settings of rural and urban areas in northwest Iran

The current study was aimed to evaluate gestational weight gain and its socio-demographic determinants among pregnant women in north-west of Iran. In the current cross-sectional study, four hundred eighty one pregnant women aged 26.12 ± 7.45 years were enrolled. Data on pre-pregnancy weight, height, age, educational attainment, parity, household size, hemoglobin status and total pregnancy weight gain were extracted from routine health center records. The pregnant women were categorized based on their pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) as underweight, normal weight and overweight or obese according to the 2009 Institute of Medicine (IOM) recommendations. Participants were also classified according to their educational level into three ‘some school’, ‘high school’ and ‘college’ groups. Gestational weight gain in 27.6% of pregnant women was in normal IOM recommended range; while, weight gain in 49% and 23.2% of pregnant women was below and above recommended range respectively. Women with high educational attainment (≥12 years) have significantly higher weight gain compared with low-educated women (<12 years) (P < 0.001). Age was in negative relationship with gestational weigh gain even after adjusting for confounder effects of residency, educational attainment and household size (r = 0.2, P < 0.001). Our data showed a high prevalence of abnormal gestational weight gain in pregnant women attending to public health centers in northwest of Iran. Moreover educational level, parity and age were significant determinants of gestational weight gain in pregnancy. Special attention should be focused on prenatal nutritional status and health care programs in current health care services in Iran.     

乌鲁木齐市维吾尔族和汉族妇女孕期增重与新生儿出生体重的关系

目的:了解乌鲁木齐市维吾尔族和汉族妇女孕期体重增加现状,并探讨其对新生儿出生体重的影响。方法:以乌鲁木齐市维吾尔族、汉族产妇为调查对象,采用问卷调查的形式,对714例孕产妇进行既往生育史、孕前体重、孕期增重、新生儿体重的调查,比较分析不同民族孕妇孕期增重及新生儿出生体重。结果:乌鲁木齐市产妇孕前BMI指数为(21.63±3.68)kg/m2;孕期增重(16.89±5.82)kg;新生儿出生体重(3.30±0.51)kg;维吾尔族和汉族之间的孕前BMI、孕期增重、新生儿出生体重差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);维吾尔族低体重儿和巨大儿发生率高于汉族(P<0.05);汉族新生儿体重分组不同,产妇的孕期增重及孕前BMI差异有统计学意义,Pearson相关分析显示新生儿出生体重与孕期增重有关。结论:孕期增重对新生儿出生体重有影响,孕前控制体重、孕期控制适宜的体重增长有利于母婴的健康。     

Birth outcomes by birth order and maternal nutritional status

Birth weights were studied of infants born to 432 women who delivered at SSG Hospital and Medical College in Baroda, India, in 1993 to determine whether birth order and maternal age have effects on birth weight independent of social disadvantages, as measured by maternal height, weight, and hemoglobin level. The weight-height product index (WHPI) (kg x cm x 100/45 kg x 150 cm) was used as one of the indicators for maternal nutrition. Mean WHPI was 101.83. Mean maternal weight and height were 46.56 kg and 147.49 cm, respectively. The hemoglobin level stood at 9.5 g/dl. Mean gestational age was 38.02 weeks. Even though the birth weight of newborns of women in the C nutritional status group (i.e., WHPI = 101.83) were significantly smaller than those born to mothers in the next higher nutritional status group (WHPI = 133.49) (2283 vs. 2381 g; Z = 1.99), the proportion of low birth weight ( 2.5 k) infants in the C group was not significantly different from those in the B group (54.54% vs. 53.08%). The proportion of low birth weight newborns was higher in the birth order 1 group than higher birth order groups (61.04% vs. 50.23% for birth order 2-3 and 37.7% for birth order =or 4). Yet, there was no significant difference in mean birth weight by birth order. When comparing birth weights within the same age group, mean birth weight was significantly greater after birth order 1 regardless of maternal age. Among 16.5-34.5 year old mothers, the percentage of low birth weight newborns was much higher in birth order 1 than higher birth orders (60.45% vs. 48.79%; p 0.02). Thus, within the same age group, first order births have a lower birth weight and a higher incidence of low birth weight than higher order births.     

Birth weight and height characteristics of triplets

OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to assess the birth weight and height in triplets, and to identify associated factors. METHOD: The subjects were 371 sets of triplets (1,113 triplets), who were born after 1986. Data on birth weight, birth height, gender, birth order, mode of delivery, gestational age, maternal weight gain at delivery, and infertility treatment were obtained. Pregravidic body mass index (BMI) was computed to evaluate maternal physique. RESULTS: Mean triplet birth weight was 1,763.3 +/- 420.6 g and mean birth height was 42.2 +/- 3.36 cm. Overall, 96% were low birth weight newborn, 24.4% were very low birth weight newborn, and 4.9% had less than 1,000 g weight. The triplet birth weight was significantly associated with gender (male > female), sex combination (opposite-sexed sets > same-sexed sets), mode of delivery (vaginal delivery > caesarean section), and pregravidic body mass index (BMI) (more than 26.0 kg/m2 > less than 19.8 kg/m2). There was a significant correlation coefficient between maternal weight gain at delivery and birth weight. The triplet birth height was significantly associated with gender (male > famale), sex combination (opposite-sexed sets > same-sexed sets), and pregravidic BMI (more than 26.0 kg/m2 > less than 19.8 kg/m2). Moreover, the birth height was associated with maternal weight gain at delivery and infertility treatment. CONCLUSION: The birth weight and birth height in triplets are much lower than those for singletons and twins. Triplet birth weight is associated with gender, birth order, pregravidic body mass index, mode of delivery, and maternal weight gain at delivery, taking into account gestational age. Birth height is associated with gender, pregravidic body mass index, and infertility treatment.     

Factors influencing birth weight in newborns of diabetic and non-diabetic women a population based study

Maternal diabetes is known to be related to an increase in birth weight of the offspring. However, the mechanism of the association is not entirely clear. In addition, the contribution of the demographic, obstetric and metabolic factors to birth weight in diabetic mothers is not well defined. All the diabetic women (68 requiring insulin-treatment and 403 on diet alone) and a random sample of 1 in 12 of all non-diabetic women (893 women) who delivered in one regional hospital between March 1987 and June 1988 inclusive, were included in the study. Tests for gestational diabetes are routinely performed in our pregnant women population, thus, the study is a population based one. The mean birth weight of infants of diabetic mothers adjusted for gestational age was higher than in those of non-diabetic mothers. However, no relationship was found between maternal glycosylated hemoglobin measured at delivery and the infants birth weight. Furthermore, at each week of gestation, infants born to diabetic mothers were heavier than the infants of non-diabetic mothers (for weeks 37 to 40, p < 0.05), while no differences were found in glycosylated hemoglobin levels between the two groups at any time. In a multivariate model we showed that after controlling for gestational age, the only factors which independently and significantly affected birth weight in our population were diabetes, ethnic origin, and the parity of the mother. Our findings support the possibility that substances which induce hyperinsulinemia, other than glucose, may be related to the higher birth weight of infants of diabetic mothers.     

城市女性孕期体重增重的影响因素分析

目的 了解城市女性在孕中晚期体重增重趋势及其相关因素,为孕妇合理控制体重提供科学依据。方法 采用历史性队列研究的方法,调查于2015年在北京市某三甲医院建档产检并生产的孕妇1 176例,采用病案查询法获取孕妇的一般情况,以及建档时(孕6~8周)、孕16、20、24、28、32、36周及分娩当天体重数据。通过分析孕妇体重增幅及增重速度,以了解妊娠期体重增重的趋势及其相关影响因素。结果 本次调查提示调查对象孕期总增重(13.8±4.3)kg,增重速度(周增重)从孕24周后递减,孕中期高于孕晚期。孕期增重与基础体质指数(BMI)密切相关,基础超重/肥胖组孕期总增重[(11.8±4.6)kg]及增速(周增重)明显低于低体重组[(14.1±3.3)kg]和正常组[(13.9±3.9)kg],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中超重/肥胖组增速整体较平缓。参考美国医学研究所(IOM,2009)标准,41.2%调查对象孕期增重适宜,23.3%增重不足,34.5%增重过多;基础低体重组孕期易增重不足比例较高(31.7%),而超重/肥胖孕妇易增重过多(58.6%)。分娩年龄≥35岁组的孕妇体重增幅低于年龄＜35岁组,但变化趋势差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),不同年龄组孕妇各孕周体重增速均呈递减趋势,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.001),其中年龄≥35岁组增速变化平缓(P＞0.05)。经产妇体重增幅低于初产妇(P＜0.05),但两组体重增速差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)。多因素分析显示孕期增重与怀孕年龄、基础BMI、分娩孕周有关,方程为Y=9.027-0.114X₁-0.258X₂+0.352X₄。结论 孕妇孕中期增重高于孕晚期,孕期总增重与基础体质指数密切相关。     

新生儿低出生体重危险因素分析

【目的】分析引起新生儿低出生体重的危险因素影响。【方法】采用多元逐步回归分析对335名新生儿父母的年龄受教育情况，烟酒嗜好，父亲身高、体重，母亲孕前体重，孕期体重增长及孕期健康状况，家族史等与新生儿出生体重的关系进行了分析。【结果】宫内胎儿生长和妊娠持续时间是决定出生体重的直接因素，宫内胎儿生长与妊高征、多胎妊娠、父亲吸烟和糖尿病家族史呈负相关关系，与孕期体重增加呈正相关关系；妊娠持续时间与母亲孕期感染呈负相关关系、与母亲文化程度呈正相关。【结论】新生儿低出生体重的危险因素既有母孕期的环境因素，也有遗传因素。     

宫高腹围法预测新生儿出生体质量3786例分析

目的探讨宫高腹围法预测新生儿出生体质量的准确性及其最佳适用范围。方法回顾性分析1992~2011年在重庆市妇幼保健院分娩的符合研究条件的3 786例孕妇(新生儿)资料,采用宫高腹围法比较不同宫高腹围、体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)、孕周产妇的新生儿估计体质量与出生实际体质量符合率。结果宫高腹围之和在120~139之间、孕周≥38周者,宫高腹围法新生儿出生估计体质量与出生实际体质量有较好的符合率;孕妇分娩前BMI对新生儿出生体质量预测无影响。结论选择性应用宫高腹围法预测新生儿出生体质量可提高其准确性。     

单纯葡萄糖筛查试验异常对妊娠的影响

目的:探讨妊娠期单纯葡萄糖筛查试验异常对妊娠的影响。方法:回顾性分析2007年1月～2010年6月在东莞市人民医院妇产科住院分娩的2 473例孕产妇资料,以其中葡萄糖筛查试验异常而口服葡萄糖耐量试验正常的628例为单纯葡萄糖筛查试验异常(GCT异常)组,以葡萄糖筛查试验正常的1 845例为GCT正常组,记录两组分娩时的孕周、破膜前B超检测的羊水指数、新生儿出生体重、身长及头围,比较两组羊水过多、早产、巨大儿、胎儿生长受限的发生率及新生儿出生体重、身长、头围。结果:GCT异常组胎儿生长受限发生率为2.5%,新生儿出生身长为(50.8±1.4)cm,头围为(34.2±1.5)cm;正常组胎儿生长受限发生率为2.9%,新生儿出生身长为(50.7±1.5)cm,头围为(34.1±1.4)cm,两组比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。GCT异常组羊水过多发生率为3.3%,早产发生率为5.3%,巨大儿发生率为11.5%,新生儿出生体重为(3.5±0.5)kg;GCT正常组羊水过多发生率为0.6%,早产发生率为2.5%,巨大儿发生率为4.7%,新生儿出生体重为(3.2±0.6)kg,两组指标比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:单纯GCT异常的孕产妇羊水过多、早产、巨大儿的发生率及新生儿出生体重均高于GCT正常的孕妇。     

新生儿出生质量测评及影响因素的研究

目的:综合评价新生儿的出生质量,并进一步分析新生儿出生质量的影响因素,为卫生保健部门有效开展妇幼卫生工作提供理论依据。方法:随机选取到潍坊市4家不同级别的医院分娩或就诊的新生儿为调查对象。自行设计调查表,由妇幼专业人员采用面对面访谈的形式获取资料。应用均数、标准差及构成比等指标对新生儿出生质量进行描述,用四格表χ2、R×C列表的χ2检验分析可能的影响因素。结果:460例新生儿的各项形态学指标均在正常值范围内;小于胎龄儿、适于胎龄儿和大于胎龄儿分别占9.78%、86.52%、3.70%。新生儿出生质量与新生儿基本特征、母亲因素及家族史三方面有关。影响新生儿出生质量的因素包括分娩方式、宫内生长发育情况、母亲异常孕产史、妊娠合并症或并发症、是否患病或感染病毒5个因素。结论:针对性开展妇幼保健工作有利于提高新生儿的出生质量。