两种不同术式治疗慢性硬脑膜下血肿的临床分析

目的 探讨慢性硬膜下血肿(CSDH)的发病机制、临床特点和治疗方法.方法 回顾性分析20年间前后两个阶段诊治的慢性硬脑膜下血肿316例,并从临床特点、影像学资料、预后、并发症以及两种手术疗效进行比较.结果 87.3%的患者恢复良好,10.7%无改变或加重,病死率为1.9% .细孔钻孔 密闭式硬通道引流与颅骨钻孔 软管引流相比,术后并发症减少,再手术率低.结论 细孔钻孔 密闭式硬通道引流手术,操作简单,用时短,安全有效,适合各年龄组,值得推广.     

两种引流方法在治疗慢性硬膜下血肿术中的对比研究

目的：探讨两种引流方法在治疗慢性硬膜下血肿术中的临床疗效。方法分析治疗的50例慢性硬膜下血肿的临床资料,其中28例行蘑菇头引流管引流,为对照组;另外22例行硅胶管引流,为研究组。比较两组在手术时间、术后颅内积气方面的差异。结果平均手术时间,对照组为（35±3.0）min;研究组手术时间为（25±2.0）min。两组有显著差异,具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。颅内积气,对照组13例（46.4％）,其中6例积气量较多;研究组积气2例（9.1％）,均为少量。两组有显著差异,具有统计学意义（ P＜0.05）。结论硅胶管组的慢性硬膜性血肿钻孔引流术具有手术时间短、颅内积气少的特点,是一种治疗慢性硬膜下血肿的良好方法。     

软通道技术治疗慢性硬膜下血肿的探讨

目的观察软通道技术治疗慢性硬膜下血肿的疗效。方法采用软通道技术置管引流血肿。结果 48例均1次置管成功,无颅内出血、颅内感染、急性脑膨胀、张力性气颅及癫痫等并发症,46例治愈,2例效果不佳,考虑为血肿机化,行开颅手术治疗后治愈。结论软通道技术治疗慢性硬膜下血肿安全可靠,方法简便易行,并发症少,恢复快。     

改良术式局麻下治疗慢性硬膜下血肿(附33例报告)

目的:探讨老年合并严重心肺疾患慢性硬膜下血肿患者的简易手术.方法:对33例慢性硬膜下血肿患者在局麻下进行钻孔引流,不进行冲洗.结果:33例患者,1例术后因经济原因放弃治疗,1例因术后疗效不佳改行骨瓣开颅清除血肿治愈,31例术后1个月复查头颅CT,23例硬膜下血肿完全消失;6例少量残留;2例复发,经再次手术治愈.结论:局麻下行慢性硬膜下血肿钻孔引流手术(不冲洗)较传统手术可缩短手术时间,简化手术操作,减少麻醉及手术并发症,且疗效好.     

钻孔冲洗引流治疗慢性硬膜下血肿致并发症7例分析

我科自1980年1月至1991年12月应用钻孔、冲洗、引流治疗慢性硬膜下血肿110例，其中引流不成功或产生并发症的有7例，占6．4％，现就此7例进行讨论。1张力性气依本组有3例。张力性气依形成原因有两种因素：（1）血肿排出后，脑组织未能及时复位，颅内血肿腔形成负压，使空气经引流管进入颅内；（2）在冲洗时，使空气进入血肿腔内。本组3例均为60岁以上老年患者，多伴有脑萎缩，抽出血肿量超过100ml。当血肿排出后，脑组织未复位，留有较大的空隙，再次手术引流时，脑组织仍未膨胀起来，这是血肿腔不能闭合的主要原因。此3例经再次手术，在卧…     

锥孔与钻孔引流手术治疗慢性硬脑膜下血肿的临床应用比较

目的对慢性硬脑膜下血肿的锥孔引流和传统钻孔引流术疗效进行回顾性比较,以明确两种手术方法的优缺点,找出治疗慢性硬脑膜下血肿的最佳方法。方法锥孔组86例患者采用床边直接锥孔冲洗引流,钻孔组82例患者采用传统钻孔引流术。两组患者术后2～3 d复查头颅CT,对手术时间、术后并发症、症状改善、平均住院日、痊愈率及复发情况进行对比研究。结果两组患者均痊愈。两组患者住院期间主诉改善、术后继发血肿及复发情况等比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。锥孔组平均手术时间(35±5)min,少于钻孔组的(60±8)min;锥孔组平均住院日(6.5±0.5)d,少于钻孔组的(10.5±1.0)d;锥孔组颅内积气发生率明显少于钻孔组,两组对比差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论锥孔引流手术有创伤小、操作简便、手术时间及平均住院日短等优点。     

慢性硬脑膜下血肿钻孔引流术后并发症及其防治

钻孔引流术是目前治疗慢性硬膜下血肿（ＣＳＤＨ）的首选方法，其方法简单有效、损伤小、治愈率高，但仍有一些严重并发症影响其临床病程及预后．笔者复习文献对几种主要并发症的发生机理及防治综述如下．一、继发性颅内出血文献报道发生率为４％～５％，为硬脑膜外血肿（...     

老年慢性硬膜下血肿38例诊治体会

目的探讨钻孔冲洗引流术治疗慢性硬膜下血肿的疗效。方法对2003年5月至2006年5月收治的老年慢性硬膜下血肿钻孔冲洗引流治疗的38例资料进行回顾性分析。结果术后复查头颅CT并发硬膜下积气5例,硬膜下积液3例。1个月后再次复查头颅CT显示硬膜下积气、积液均吸收,全部病例临床治愈。结论钻孔冲洗引流术是治疗慢性硬膜下血肿的首选方法之一,手术简单,疗效显著。     

钻孔冲洗负压引流治疗慢性硬脑膜下血肿206例

钻孔冲洗负压引流治疗慢性硬脑膜下血肿２０６例岳志健周晓平王文仲郝文清赵孟尧刘建民笔者从１９８５年１月～１９９３年１２月采用钻孔冲洗后负压引流治疗慢性硬脑膜下血肿（ＣＳＤＨ）患者２０６例，效果满意．临床资料１．一般资料：男１８７例，女１９例；年龄２１～...     

老年慢性硬膜下血肿钻孔引流术后并发症防治体会

目的探讨慢性硬膜下血肿行钻孔引流术术后常见并发症的原因及相应防治措施。方法回顾分析2001年1月至2010年1月我院收治的47例老年慢性硬膜下血肿行钻孔引流术术后11例并发症的形成原因,并总结其有效的防治措施。结果慢性硬膜下血肿钻孔引流术后并发症为颅内积气7例,血肿复发1例,继发性颅内血肿2例,脑脊液漏1例,并发症的发生率为23．4％,经治疗全部治愈。结论钻孔引流术治疗慢性硬膜下血肿创伤小,治愈率高,但并发症并不少见,对并发症的防治应引起重视。     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.