高效液相色谱法同时测定仙人菇口服液中10种有效成分的含量

目的 建立快速、准确的HPLC测定方法,同时测定仙人菇口服液中10种有效成分腺苷、虫草素、芦丁、芒柄花苷、朝藿定B、朝藿定C、淫羊藿苷、毛蕊异黄酮、灵芝酸A、宝藿苷Ⅰ的含量。方法 使用Dikma Diamonsil Plus C18柱（4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm）,以乙腈（A）-0.1%冰醋酸水溶液（B）梯度洗脱（0～3 min,2%～5%A;4～7 min,5%A;8～17 min,5%～20%A;18～21 min,20%～30%A;22～38 min,30%A;39～48 min,30%～90%A）;流速为1.0 mL/min,柱温为30℃,检测波长为270 nm,进样量为10μL。结果 腺苷在0.250～16.0μg/m L、虫草素和淫羊藿苷在6.25～400μg/m L、芦丁在1.25～80.0μg/m L、芒柄花苷在0.500～32.0μg/m L、朝藿定B在0.375～24.0μg/m L、朝藿定C在3.12～200μg/m L、毛蕊异黄酮和灵芝酸A在0.625～40.0μg/m L、宝藿苷Ⅰ在0.125～8.00μg/m L浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系（r均>...     

Caco-2细胞单层研究淫羊藿黄酮类成分的吸收转运

目的 研究淫羊藿黄酮类成分在Caco-2细胞模型中的吸收转运。方法 采用超高压液相法测定药物浓度,计算表观渗透系数(Papp),研究淫羊藿黄酮5个主要成分淫羊藿苷、朝藿定A、朝藿定B、朝藿定C、宝藿苷Ⅰ在Caco-2细胞模型中的双向转运。结果 淫羊藿苷、朝藿定A、朝藿定B、朝藿定C的吸收渗透系数(P _AB)较小,分别为5.91×10^-7、3.22×10^-7、2.76×10^-7、4.23×10^-7 cm/s,宝藿苷Ⅰ相对较大,为1.46×10^-6 cm/s;5个化合物的分泌渗透系数(P _AB)都比其相应的吸收渗透系数要大,其中宝藿苷Ⅰ的分泌渗透系数是其吸收渗透系数的9.8倍。结论 淫羊藿黄酮类成分的肠道吸收较差,可能存在肠道转运蛋白的外排机制,其中三糖苷(朝藿定A、朝藿定B、朝藿定C)的吸收要小于二糖苷(淫羊藿苷),二糖苷的吸收要小于单糖苷(宝藿苷Ⅰ)。     

高效液相色谱法测定黄芪中毛蕊异黄酮苷和芒柄花素的含量

目的:采用高效液相色谱法测定膜荚黄芪Astragalus membranaceus(Fisch.) Bge.中毛蕊异黄酮苷和芒柄花素的含量.方法:依利特Hypersil ODS 2色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm);流动相:A相为乙腈-甲醇(体积分数 9∶1),B相为水,梯度洗脱;流速:1.0 ml/min;检测波长:260 nm;柱温:室温;进样量:20 μl.黄芪药材以甲醇超声提取2次,每次20 min.结果:毛蕊异黄酮苷和芒柄花素色谱峰的理论塔板数分别为50 134和25 258.回归方程分别为Y=58 924 X-12 352,r=0.999 9和Y=9 237 X-124 447,r=0.999 9,线性范围分别为2.022～101.1 μg/ml和38.04～1 522 μg/ml.方法学考察结果表明,毛蕊异黄酮苷和芒柄花素的日内和日间RSD均<2.0%,最低检测限分别为0.202 2 μg/ml和1.522 μg/ml,加样回收率结果分别为98.34%,RSD＝1.33%(n=3)和98.84%,RSD＝0.12%(n=3).测定了10批次黄芪药材的毛蕊异黄酮苷和芒柄花素的含量.结论:该方法稳定简便,结果可靠,能够用于黄芪药材中毛蕊异黄酮苷和芒柄花素含量测定的研究.     

不同产地主要淫羊藿品种中活性黄酮类成分分析及资源研究

淫羊藿主要活性成分为黄酮类化合物。本文通过分析不同品种不同产地淫羊藿中抗骨质疏松成分总黄酮、淫羊藿苷及朝藿定C的含量,筛选出可能对骨质疏松具有较好治疗作用的质量稳定的淫羊藿品种。通过HPLC对收集自全国各地共计4个品种36个批次的淫羊藿样品中淫羊藿苷及朝藿定C的含量进行同时测定,并利用UV法测定了总黄酮的含量。柔毛淫羊藿、朝鲜淫羊藿、心叶淫羊藿、箭叶淫羊藿中淫羊藿苷和朝藿定C的含量总和平均值分别为20.83、7.61、14.43和23.29 mg/g;总黄酮含量分别为48.39、47.76、51.35和59.79 mg/g,不同品种含量差别显著。柔毛与箭叶淫羊藿质量均较好,但箭叶淫羊藿在市场上基本无流通且质量不稳定,而柔毛淫羊藿分布广泛、质量稳定、有效成分含量较高,可用于开发抗骨质疏松的潜在治疗药物。     

炮制对巫山淫羊藿黄酮类成分的影响

目的：为巫山淫羊藿饮片质量控制指标的选择提供科学依据。方法：对贵州不同产地的巫山淫羊藿生品和油炙品饮片,采用紫外-可见分光光度法测定总黄酮含量,HPLC测定朝藿定C和淫羊藿苷含量。结果：巫山淫羊藿炮制后总黄酮含量降低,淫羊藿苷含量升高,朝藿定C含量有升有降。结论：巫山淫羊藿饮片以总黄酮、朝藿定C和淫羊藿苷等多指标进行质量评价为佳。     

UPLC法同时测定淫羊藿中5种黄酮类成分的含量

目的建立同步测定中药材淫羊藿中朝藿定A、朝藿定B、朝藿定C、淫羊藿苷、宝藿苷I 5种黄酮类成分含量的UPLC-DAD法。方法采用Aglientl290型超高效液相色谱仪,色谱柱为Aglient Zorlbax EclipsePlus C_(18)柱(50mm×2.1mm,1.8μm),柱温为40℃。流动相为乙腈和0.1%磷酸水,梯度洗脱,流速为0.4mL/min,进样量为1μL,检测波长为270nm。结果淫羊藿药材中5种黄酮类成分分别在2.02~202μg/mL、2.12~212μg/mL、2.14~214μg/mL、2.52~252μg/mL和1.12~112μg/mL的浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系,最低检测限分别为2.82、3.03、2.72、3.09、1.23ng/mL。重复性、稳定性试验结果的RSD值均小于3%,各成分平均回收率分别为99.76%、98.96%、98.76%、98.67%和98.65%。同时对14批不同药房或产地的药材中5种黄酮类成分的含量进行了检测。结论该方法快速简便、准确可靠,各主要化学成分均能达到基线分离,适用于淫羊藿药材的多成分分析,进而为淫羊藿药材质量控制的全面评价提供科学依据。     

UPLC法测定不同基源淫羊藿中11种有效成分的含量

[目的]对19批不同基源淫羊藿和4批巫山淫羊藿中的主要有效成分进行含量测定比较.[方法]采用LC30超高效液相色谱仪,Shim-pack GISS C18色谱柱(100 mm×2.1 mm,1.9μm)梯度洗脱,对淫羊藿和巫山淫羊藿中新绿原酸、绿原酸、隐绿原酸、木兰花碱、朝藿定A、朝藿定B、朝藿定C、淫羊藿苷、箭藿苷A...     

生长期巫山淫羊藿不同部位5种黄酮类成分的动态积累研究

目的 研究生长期巫山淫羊藿根、茎、叶中5种黄酮类成分朝藿定C、双藿苷A、淫羊藿苷、淫羊藿属苷A和淫羊藿属苷C的量,揭示几种活性成分的动态积累规律。方法 采用RP-HPLC方法,以美国Waters Sunfire TM-18为色谱柱(带预柱),检测波长270 nm,流动相为乙腈-水,梯度洗脱,体积流量为1 mL/min。结果 在20 min内分离测定了5种异戊烯基黄酮,得到了这5种异戊烯基黄酮在生长期巫山淫羊藿不同部位中的分布积累规律。发现巫山淫羊藿不同部位中双藿苷A的量分别为：根1.090%～3.661%,茎0.001%～0.033%,叶0.095%～0.217%;淫羊藿属苷A的量分别为：根0.177%～0.971%,茎0.010%～0.089%,叶0.089%～0.323%;朝藿定C的量分别为：根0.223%～0.748%,茎0.024%～0.147%,叶0.905%～2.228%;淫羊藿苷的量分别为：根0.009%～0.128%,茎0.003%～0.044%,叶0.258%～0.929%;淫羊藿属苷C的量分别为：根0.080%～1.857%,茎0.002%～0.022%^{,叶0.004%～ 0.058%。结论 巫山淫羊藿叶中淫羊藿苷除4、5、7月份外,其余月份的量都低于0.5%,而朝藿定C的量平均在1.586%。巫山淫羊藿叶在其生长的任何月份都是朝藿定C的量远大于淫羊藿苷的量,积累高峰期有3个,朝藿定C是巫山淫羊藿叶中的主要成分。巫山淫羊藿根在其生长的任何月份都是双藿苷A的量远大于朝藿定C的量,质量分数平均在2.763%,双藿苷A为巫山淫羊藿根中的主要成分。}     

淫羊藿属9种淫羊藿叶中朝藿定C和淫羊藿苷量的考察

淫羊藿属Epimedium L．药用植物，在我国有29种，产于川陕者14种，具有多方面的药理活性。《中国药典》作为淫羊藿药材的有5种，分别为淫羊藿、朝鲜淫羊藿、箭叶淫羊藿、巫山淫羊藿和柔毛淫羊藿，笔者在进行淫羊藿成分系统分离研究的基础上，对采集的川陕豫产9种习惯人药的淫羊藿品种，将其叶中的主要成分朝藿定C和淫羊藿苷的量进行了考察，结果表明大部分品种朝藿定C量大于淫羊藿苷。     

淫羊藿药材的UPLC指纹图谱研究

[目的]建立淫羊藿药材超高效液相色谱（UPLC）指纹图谱分析方法。[方法]采用Agilent 1290超高效液相色谱仪,以CORTECS^® C₁₈（2.1 mm×100 mm,1.6 μm）色谱柱,乙腈-0.1%甲酸水进行梯度洗脱,流速为0.3 mL/min,柱温为40℃,进样量为1 μL,检测波长为270 nm。[结果]12个不同批次淫羊藿药材有21个共有峰,其中有6个已知峰,分别为木兰花碱、朝藿定A、朝藿定B、朝藿定C、淫羊藿苷和宝藿苷I,不同批次的样品与标准指纹图谱相似度均在0.911以上。[结论]本实验建立的UPLC指纹图谱分析方法稳定、精密度高,可应用于淫羊藿药材的质量控制和评价。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.