XE-2100血液分析仪测定正常儿童网织红细胞参考值的调查

近年来，临床中对网织红细胞的测定越来越多的使用仪器法，不同的仪器测定网织红细胞的原理不同．其测得的值也不尽相同，仪器法网织红细胞正常成人参考范围所报道较多，儿童的正常参考值范围虽也有所报道．但所测定的标本量都不大。我们用XE-2100血液分析仪测定了380例正常儿童的网织红细胞．来确定该仪器正常儿童的网织红细胞各参数的正常参考值范围。     

珠海地区血液流变学正常值的调查

随着医学科学的不断发展，血液流变学的临床意义已越来越受到人们的广泛重视。近年来的研究表明，心肌梗塞、高血压、脑血栓、休克、糖尿病等疾病在发生与发展中，血液粘度、红细胞变形能力及聚集能力的高低起着重要的作用。为了得出血液流变学的正常参考值，我院自1994年开展血液流变学检测以来，共测试129例健康人，现将结果报告如下，以供有关临床和实验室工作者参考。1仪器和方法1．1仪器LG－3型血液流变测试仪1．2方法取健康人静脉血8ml，分别注入1％肝素抗凝、3．8％拘橼酸钠抗凝、不抗凝的三支试管中，留1．8ml血液注人经过硅油硅化…     

剪切流场中红细胞聚集特征及其微观构象的研究

红细胞的聚集一解聚动态变化过程是影响血液流变学特性的主要因素，因此，检测红细胞聚集性对于疾病的临床诊断和治疗具有应用前景．本实验研究了处于不同的剪切率和剪切时间作用下剪切流场中红细胞的聚集一解聚特征及动态变化过程，并以直观清晰的图像和直接显示的方法，完成了对人体体外红细胞聚集特征及其微观构象的同步定时定量的记录和测定。本实验仪器对于微观血液流变学的研究和发展以及临床检测血细胞的聚集性是很有价值的．     

30例脑病患者红细胞变形能力检测

血液流变性是保障人体血液循环功能和维持机体正常生理活动的重要因素，一旦血液的流变性发生异常，就可能引起一系列的病理性后果，诸如心、脑血管疾病、恶性肿瘤、动脉硬化、心肌梗塞等，都伴有血液流变性质的改变。为此，检测红细胞的变形能力，可成为临床上评价某些心、脑血管等疾病以及治疗这些疾病的药物选择及疗效的重要指标。本文收集的是曾在我院诊疗过的３０例脑血栓形成患者的临床资料，这些患者均选用了“日本东菱药品工业株式会社”生产，能降低血液纤维蛋白原浓度及全血粘度，抑制红细胞的凝集力，增强红细胞变形能力的“东菱…     

我国红细胞变形性研究概况

红细胞是血液中最主要的有形成分，它对血液流动特性的影响最大．因此，对红细胞流变特性的研究就成为血液流变学研究的主要内容．其中对红细胞变形性的研究特别受到基础及临床医学工作者的重视。国外自７０年代开始，一大批著名血液流变学家对红细胞变形性进行了大量的实验及临床研究，取得了令人瞩目的成就。我国８０年代初才开始红细胞变形性研究，９０年代，尤其是最近４、５年才是我国红细胞变形性研究的鼎盛时期。现从下列几方面简述我国红细胞变形性研究概况。一、仪器的研制工欲善其事，必先利其器。虽然用回旋粘度计测量高切变率下…     

亚健康红细胞流变学变化及己酮可可碱的治疗作用

目的通过研究亚健康人红细胞的流变行为,探讨红细胞流变行为改变在亚健康发生和发展过程中的作用,同时探讨己酮可可碱对亚健康红细胞流变行为的干预作用及临床疗效。方法选择明确诊断的100例亚健康人,其中男50例,女50例,平均年龄37．87±16．34岁。采用己酮可可碱葡萄糖注射液0．2g（首日0．1g）,每日一次,静点,每15d一个疗程。采用BVPM．15型布莱德多项投影显微镜系统,观测100例亚健康人治疗前当天和一个疗程后第一天的红细胞流变行为变化,并与100例健康人的检测结果对照,然后再对治疗前后的观测结果进行对比分析,同时比较治疗前后的症状变化,判断治疗效果。观测指标包括红细胞形态、红细胞聚集、红细胞变形、红细胞黏附。结果亚健康组与健康组比较,前者红细胞形态正常,红细胞聚集指数升高,红细胞变形性下降,红细胞黏附性增加。治疗后与治疗前比较,治疗后红细胞形态无变化,红细胞聚集指数下降,红细胞变形性升高,红细胞黏附性降低。结论亚健康人存在红细胞流变行为的改变,检测红细胞流变行为对诊断和评估亚健康有意义。己酮可可碱能改善红细胞的流变性,对亚健康有良好的疗效。     

缺血性脑血管病红细胞聚集性的研究进展(综述)

正常的血液流动取决于心脏、血管的功能以及其本身的流动性和变形性。血液流变性的异常必将导致一系列的病理生理变化。例如缺血性心脑血管病在临床症状出现之前,就可在血液某些流变参数方面反映出来,如红细胞压积增高[1],纤维蛋白原浓度增加,影响血液粘度的血液流动因子（红细胞聚集性ErygthrocyteaggregationEA[2]、红细胞变形性[3]、血液蛋白含量等）升高。故这些血液流变性参数出现异常时如能及时纠正则可预防疾病的发生和发展。因此临床医学工作者了解血液流变学有关知识,对提高预防、诊断、治疗疾病的能力及开拓思路进行医学科…     

光学测量红细胞聚集的实验研究

根据红细胞聚集时光通过血样透射强度增加的原理，设计了一种新型的双圆筒式的红细胞聚集仪。为验证该仪器的有用性，我们测量了不同压积条件下，红细胞的聚集情况，并定义了评判红细胞聚集的两种指标（Ta，α）。     

~(60)Co辐射对在体红细胞变形和取向能力的影响

采用６０Ｃｏ大剂量全身均匀急性辐射的方法造成一种辐射贫血的动物模型,然后在较长时间内连续观测６０Ｃｏ辐射对在体红细胞变形和取向能力的影响。本文采用一种在低粘切变流场中能将红细胞变形指数ＤＩ分解为取向指数（ＤＩ）ｏｒ和小变形指数（ＤＩ）ｄ的新型激光衍射法［１］,研究了６０Ｃｏ大剂量辐射后在体红细胞压积、变形和取向能力、沉降率和红细胞计数等血液流变学指标的变化规律,并与正常对照组红细胞的相应参数作比较,发现在６０Ｃｏ大剂量辐射后,开始这些参数变得明显异常,４０天后逐渐接近于正常对照组水平。表明６０Ｃｏ大剂量急性辐射对动物体内血液循环系统的影响是长期的、严重的。这为研究辐射对血液流变特性的影响及正确地挑选辐射贫血模型提供了理论与实验的基础。     

慢性肾功能衰竭患者红细胞、血小板参数分析

慢性肾功能衰竭（简称慢性肾衰）病人，可出现不同程度的贫血，为探讨其贫血的性质，本文对慢性肾衰患者红细胞血小板等七种参数进行了检测分析，现报告如下：材料与方法1、实验对象：慢性肾衰组60例，均为本院临床确诊病人（男40例，女20例；年龄22～56岁）。对照组100例体检健康者（男50例，女50例，年龄20～60岁）。2．仪器与试剂；美国雅培公司CD－1600血液分析仪及配套进口试剂。3．方法：EDTA－K2抗凝全血，用CD－1600血液分析仪及配套进口试剂进行测定。结果慢性肾衰病人组与对照组的红细胞等七项参数结果；见表1；血小板参数见…     

Beckman-Coulter Ac.T 5 diff血细胞分析仪使用评价

目的 对Beckman-Coulter Ac.T 5diff血细胞分析仪进行初步评价。方法 采用细胞化学光吸收、聚焦流体阻抗、差别溶解、电阻法对白细胞进行五分类测定,红细胞和血小板采用电阻法检测,血红蛋白测定用氰化高铁血红蛋白法,并和Sysmex NE1500血细胞分析仪进行比较。结果 AcT.5diff血细胞分析仪精密度、准确度表现优异,线性范围宽,交叉污染率低。结论 AcT.5diff血细胞分析仪完全适合在门诊使用。     

Assessment of the Beckman creatinine analyzer 2.

An evaluation of the Beckman Creatinine Analyzer 2 has been carried out. Good day-to-day and within-day precision was obtained. Analyses of quality control materials, studies of linearity, and comparison of the results obtained for samples from patients with the results obtained by a continuous-flow method evidenced good accuracy. Aceto-acetate in serum caused significant positive interference. The desirable performance characteristics and practicability make this Analyzer attractive to the clinical chemist, particularly for paediatric and emergency laboratory use.     

NMR measurement of LDL particle number using the Vantera® Clinical Analyzer

BackgroundThe Vantera Clinical Analyzer was developed to enable fully-automated, high-throughput nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy measurements in a clinical laboratory setting. NMR-measured low-density lipoprotein particle number (LDL-P) has been shown to be more strongly associated with cardiovascular disease outcomes than LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) in individuals for whom these alternate measures of LDL are discordant.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to assess the analytical performance of the LDL-P assay on the Vantera Clinical Analyzer as per Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines.ResultsSensitivity and linearity were established within the range of 300–3500 nmol/L. For serum pools containing low, medium and high levels of LDL-P, the inter-assay, intra-assay precision and repeatability gave coefficients of variation (CVs) between 2.6 and 5.8%. The reference interval was determined to be 457–2282 nmol/L and the assay was compatible with multiple specimen collection tubes. Of 30 substances tested, only 2 exhibited the potential for assay interference. Moreover, the LDL-P results from samples run on two NMR platforms, Vantera Clinical Analyzer and NMR Profiler, showed excellent correlation (R² = 0.96).ConclusionsThe performance characteristics suggest that the LDL-P assay is suitable for routine testing in the clinical laboratory on the Vantera Clinical Analyzer, the first automated NMR platform that supports NMR-based clinical assays.     

Intra-operator and inter-operator reliability of the OSI CA 6000 Spine Motion Analyzer with a new skin fixation system

Following the independent development in the University of Brighton of a new skin fixation system for use with the OSI CA 6000 Spine Motion Analyzer, a series of studies were initiated to test the reliability of the instrument with the new skin fixation system, and the repeatability of the results thus obtained. This paper reports on the outcome of an initial pilot study to compare the existing manufacturer-supplied strap fixation system with the new system. This was followed by a second pilot study to establish single intra-operator reliability utilising 23 asymptomatic subjects. Following successful conclusion of the pilot studies, full inter/intra-operator reliability studies were initiated, utilising 11 asymptomatic subjects. The mean ranges of motion obtained from these results are reported and analyses of variance were used to calculate Intra-class Correlation Coefficients (ICCs) as an indication of reliability. These are summarised as follows: flexion/extension ranges 0.807; lateral flexion ranges 0.923; rotation ranges 0.822. A detailed methodology is explained, along with in-depth discussion of the reasoning behind its adoption, and detailed discussion of the results obtained. This study forms a foundation for the establishment of normative data for ranges of motion and patterns of movement in the lumbar spine, as part of a long-term programme of work investigating the effects of low back pain in specific occupational groups on lumbar spine ranges of motion. It is concluded that the results reported justify progression to the collection of normative data for the lumbar spine, utilising the CA 6000 Spine Motion Analyzer with the new skin fixation system, and the widespread application of that data in the clinical setting.     

对MEK-6318K型血细胞分析仪的评价及白细胞人工复检的必要性

目的对MEK-6318K型血细胞分析仪进行评价,以指导临床实验室正确应用。方法按照国际血液学标准化委员会(ICSH)公布的血细胞分析仪评价方案对细胞计数的精密度、携带污染率、总重复性、线性进行评价,并与SF-3000型五分类血细胞分析仪、人工分类进行比较。结果该仪器计数红细胞、白细胞、血小板以及测定血红蛋白的精密度、携带污染率、总重复性、线性、准确性,与SF-3000型五分类血细胞分析仪的可比性均较好,但白细胞分群的重复性较差,LY%、MO%、GR%的CV分别为39.15%、40.40%、26.09%。与人工分类比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.0001)。结论MEK-6318K型血细胞分析仪对白细胞(WBC)、红细胞(RBC)、血红蛋白(HGB)、红细胞压积(HCT)、红细胞平均体积(MCV)、红细胞平均血红蛋白量(MCH)、红细胞平均血红蛋白浓度(MCHC)、血小板(PLT)测定结果均符合要求,但白细胞分类只能作为“筛选”,而不能完全代替人工镜检。     

C-反应蛋白对儿科细菌感染性疾病的临床诊断价值

目的探讨血清C-反应蛋白（CRP）检测在儿童细菌性感染疾病的诊断价值。方法（1）用HITA—CH1日立7600全自动生化分析仪检测82例细菌感染患儿（观察组）及30例健康儿（对照组）的血清CRP含量。（2）用血细胞计数仪ABX—PENTRA60对以上82例细菌感染患儿（观察组）及30例健康儿（对照组）进行白细胞计数。（3）将以上两种方法做统计学比较。结果观察组各种疾病的CRP检测值均显著高于对照组（P〈0．001）,82例患儿中,CRP阳性78例,阳性率95．1％;白细胞水平升高64例,阳性率78．0％,两种检测阳性率差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论CRP检测对儿科细菌性感染疾病的诊断和治疗有一定的临床应用价值,可以作为诊断小儿细菌性感染和观察治疗效果的敏感指标。     

Evaluation of an "in vivo" PaO2 and PaCO2 monitor in the management of respiratory failure

A commercially available gas-chromatograph (Sentorr Gas Analyzer, Ohio Medical Products, Madison, WI) was tested, featuring continuous measurement of in vivo PaO2 and PaCO2 by means of a thin, heparin-coated catheter, inserted through an indwelling arterial line. Gas tensions are displayed every 4 min. The probes had a tendency to break rather easily, and a considerable proportion of them was faulty. We measured 105 paired determinations of blood gases obtained from patients in respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation with a Corning IL 175 Analyzer and displayed by the Sentorr Gas Analyzer. A high correlation (p < 0.01) existed between the two sets of values, but an estimated error of 10-20% was found in the Sentorr data. After modifications of the respirator, changes of displayed values were already notable after 4 min and 90% completed by 8-12 min. The use of this device enabled us to considerably accelerate decision-making in the management of respiratory failure. Although techology still necessitates improvements, before widespread use of in vivo monitoring of PaO2 and PaCO2 is advisable, the concept has significant clinical potential and may represent a major advance in the management of respiratory failure.     

Reliability of the OSI CA 6000 Spine Motion Analyzer with a new skin fixation system when used on the thoracic spine

SUMMARY. Following the independent development in the University of Brighton of a new skin fixation system for use with the OSI CA 6000 Spine Motion Analyzer (SMA), a series of studies was initiated to test the reliability of the instrument with the new skin fixation system, and the repeatability of the results thus obtained. Successful completion of previous repeatability and reliability studies using the SMA to measure lumbar spine motion, led to the development of a repeatability study, utilizing the instrument on the thoracic spine. This involved 11 asymptomatic subjects and three separate operators. The mean ranges of motion obtained from these results are reported and analyses of variance were used to calculate Intra-class Correlation Coefficients (ICCs) as an indication of reliability and repeatability. These are summarized as follows: Flexion/Extension ranges 0.77; lateral flexion ranges 0.88; rotation ranges 0.84. It is concluded that the instrument is capable of producing repeatable results when used by suitably trained clinicians and the results reported justify progression to the collection of normative data and other related studies for thoracic spine motion, utilizing the CA 6000 Spine Motion Analyzer with the new skin fixation system. Copyright 1998 Harcourt Publishers Ltd.     

Technological advances in blood rheology

The science of blood rheology (study of the flow and deformability of blood) is of increasing practical importance to the investigation of blood disorders. In diagnostic laboratories, rheological tests such as the erythrocyte sedimentation rate, zeta sedimentation ratio, and plasma viscosity are used to monitor patients with an acute-phase response of greater than 24 h duration. In sickle-cell anemia, new methods for measuring erythrocyte deformability can be used to investigate the pathogenesis of vaso-occlusion, to test potential anti-sickling drugs, and to monitor drug efficacy in clinical trials. Genetic defects in the structure of the red cell membrane can have rheological consequences, monitoring of which may be useful for diagnosis. Rheological analysis of red cells infected by Plasmodium falciparum has indicated that their abnormal flow behavior may be an important pathological factor in malaria. Finally, the flow behavior of white blood cells, particularly neutrophils, is also important, as these cells, once activated, have the potential to occlude microvessels. The authors have reviewed the laboratory methodology and clinical applications that have led to recent advances in these aspects of blood rheology.