新疆巴音布鲁克高寒草地马先蒿的危害及防除

[目的]掌握马先蒿危害现状,有效遏制巴音布鲁克高寒草地马先蒿的蔓延危害.[方法]对马先蒿分布及危害进行调查,并开展化学防除试验.[结果]巴音布鲁克分布有6种马先蒿属植物,分布最广危害最重的为轮叶马先蒿(Pedicularis verticillata L).马先蒿的危害主要表现在降低天然草地物种丰富度、物种多样性、禾本科牧草盖度以及生物量,马先蒿占据优势的草地基本无法放牧利用.二钾四氯钠盐喷施灭杀轮叶马先蒿效果与2,4-D丁酯喷施相同,但是2,4-D丁酯的喷施对禾本科有一定的影响.[结论]二钾四氯钠盐为灭杀轮叶马先蒿的最佳药剂,禁牧或减轻放牧压力是实现马先蒿可持续控制的根本途径.     

中药苦参碱对结核杆菌的抑制作用

目的　观察中药苦参碱对结核分枝杆菌的作用。方法　二倍梯度稀释法 ,相当药物浓度 2 .5、5、10、2 0、4 0mg·L-1。结果　苦参碱对结核杆菌的抑菌浓度 (MIC)为 10mg·L-1,杀菌效果 (MBC)在放至 30d后 ,低浓度又有 9例生长结核菌。结论　苦参碱对结核杆菌有抑菌作用 ,但杀菌效果较弱     

泛昔洛韦等3种药物抗乙型肝炎病毒的体外实验研究

 目的评价泛昔洛韦、膦甲酸钠及氧化苦参碱的体外抗HBV作用.方法采用MTT法检测3种药物对HepG2.2.15细胞的半数毒性浓度(TC5o),并在此基础上观察不同浓度药物作用于HepG2.2.15细胞后第3、5、7和9天培养上清中HBsAg、HBeAg及HBV DNA含量的变化,比较不同药物抗HBV的效果.结果泛昔洛韦和氧化苦参碱对HepG2.2.15细胞有明显的抗HBV活性,在实验浓度范围内,随着药物浓度增加和作用时间延长,其抗HBV活性增强;膦甲酸钠对HBV无明显抑制作用.结论泛昔洛韦和氧化苦参碱具有明显体外抗HBV活性,而膦甲酸钠体外对HBV无明显抑制作用.     

左氧氟沙星静脉输注给药在Beagle犬体内的药物动力学

目的研究静脉注射左氧氟沙星（Levofloxacin,LVFX）在Beagle犬体内的药动学特性。方法4只Beagle犬静脉注射LVFX,给药剂量25mg·kg^-1,以输液泵调整滴速,60min输注完毕。应用高效液相色谱法测定LVFX血药浓度,应用3P97程序,计算LVFX药动学参数。结果给药后LVFX体内过程符合二房室模型,主要药动学参数：消除半衰期（t1/2β）为（8．23±0．65）h,中央室分布容积（Vc）为（7．47±3．13）L,药时曲线下面积（AUC）N（247．00±14．10）mg·h·L^-1,药物峰浓度（Cmax）为（30．05±1．75）mg·L^-1。结论本研究结果显示,LVFX在Beagle犬体内的药动学特性与在健康人体内的研究结果相近。     

杀灭蚊蝇蟑螂要得法

<正>夏季是肠道传染病高发季节,该病可经由携带病原体的蚊子、苍蝇、蟑螂等污染的食物传播。因此,应设法灭蚊、灭蝇、灭蟑螂。灭蚊方面,要控制蚊虫孳生,清除居室周边各类积水,降低蚊虫密度,辅以化学药物灭杀。对成虫可通过手动喷雾器或气雾罐灭杀,也可在密闭环境下使用盘式蚊香、电热蚊香片、液体蚊香、灭蚊烟纸片、烟雾弹等进行灭杀。灭蝇方     

HPLC 同时检测山豆根中苦参碱和氧化苦参碱含量简

目的建立离子交换树脂纯化．HPLC分析方法用于同时测定山豆根中苦参碱和氧化苦参碱含量。方法山豆根药材提取液经阳离子交换树脂柱纯化后,以C-18化学键合硅胶为固定相,流动相为乙腈-0．2％磷酸-三乙胺（8：92：0．01;V／V／V）,检测波长208nm。结果在本文建立的分析条件下。苦参碱和氧化苦参碱的色谱保留时间分别约为5．5min和8．1min,10min内可完成1次分离分析过程。苦参碱进样浓度在1．0～300．0μg·ml-1范围与峰面积线性关系良好（r2=0．9996）。氧化苦参碱进样量在2．0～600．0μg·ml-1范围与峰面积线性良好（r2=0．9998）。苦参碱、氧化苦参碱平均测定回收率分别为90．5％和91．6％,方法已应用于同时测定不同产地山豆根药材中苦参碱和氧化苦参碱含量。结论山豆根样品经纯化分离后,苦参碱、氧化苦参碱与药材中其余内源性物质分离完全,定量准确．方法适用于山豆根药材质量控制及其药品含量检测。     

植物源杀虫剂蛇床子素防治帕米尔高原地区草原蝗虫效果初报

为分析新型植物源杀虫剂0.5%蛇床子素水乳剂在帕米尔高原地区用于蝗虫危害防治的效果,2020年6月至7月,在新疆塔什库尔干县三个蝗虫危害易发草场进行了防治前虫害调查监测及防治后效果观察。结果表明,0.5%蛇床子素水乳剂对于以小垫尖翅蝗(Epacromius tergestinus)为优势种的三个防治区域防治作业7d后,平均防效达到了90.04%。新型植物源杀虫剂0.5%蛇床子素水乳剂在帕米尔高原地区用于蝗虫危害防治效果较好,可作为绿色防治药剂推广应用。     

汉防己甲素注射液的体外溶血与凝聚试验

目的 建立汉防己甲素注射液的溶血与凝聚检查法.方法 体外试管法采用《中国药典》2005版中药注射剂安全性检查法应用指导原则"溶血与凝聚检查法",参照国家食品药品监督管理局制定《化学药物刺激性、过敏性和溶血性研究技术指导原则》相关内容.结果 当浓度为5.0mg·ml-1,体积为0.3ml时,在37℃3h内,汉防己甲素注射液不对兔红细胞产生溶血与凝聚作用.结论 可选择浓度为5.0mg·ml-1,体积为0.3ml的汉防己甲素注射液生理氯化钠溶液,按规定的方法进行溶血与凝聚检查.     

肝硬化患者左旋氧氟沙星口服后腹水中浓度的检测

目的　研究左旋氧氟沙星口服后 ,在肝硬化患者腹水中的药物分布及动态变化。方法　收集 7例肝硬化合并腹水患者口服左旋氧氟沙星后 ,不同时间点的腹水标本 ,采用高效液相法 ,检测其中药物浓度并观察其动态变化。结果　口服 2h后 ,即可在腹水中检测到 ,并随时间推移而逐渐升高 ,腹水中达药物高峰时间 (T max　 )约 6 .0h ,腹水药物峰浓度 (C max　 )2 .5 2 0± 1.2 13μg·ml-1。此后逐渐下降 ,至 12h趋于稳定。结论　左旋氧氟沙星口服后 ,较短时间内在患者的腹水中有分布 ,并可形成高峰浓度 ,30 0mg口服后 ,腹水中有效药物浓度可持续时间长达 12h以上     

HPLC-MS / MS 法测定抗抑郁新药阿姆西汀在大鼠体内的组织分布简

目的研究抗抑郁新药阿姆西汀（S-071031B）在大鼠体内各组织的分布特点。方法雄性sD大鼠随机分组,单剂量（20mg·kg-1）灌胃给药后,分别于15min、2、6和24h处死取血并解剖主要组织,采用LC—MS／MS测定阿姆西汀在生物样品中的药物浓度。结果sD大鼠灌胃给药15min后即在胃、小肠和肝脏组织中药物浓度达峰值,给药6h后在睾丸组织中药物浓度达峰值。而在心脏、脾脏、肺脏、肾脏、脑、肌肉组织及血浆均在给药后2h达到峰值,24h后各组织中药物浓度均降至较低水平。结论阿姆西汀在大鼠体内吸收迅速,人血后可广泛分布到体内各组织中,药物在体内也快速消除,无组织蓄积作用,具有良好的开发前景。     

Optimization of the system of medical service of students of Cadet Schools of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

One of the factors of the successful military career guidance Cadet schools students is preserving and promoting their health. Medical support of children and adolescents aged 10-17 years should include the full range of medical and preventive measures defined for this group. The state of providing outpatient care for pupils at the Cadet School in St. Petersburg was studied. These results show that full medical care in accordance with the standards can be based only on children's health clinics. It is important that the organization of medical support pupils cadet schools should be cooperate with civilian health care.     

带状疱疹83例误诊原因分析

带状疱疹是由水痘—带状疱疾病毒引起的皮肤科常见疾病。其主要的病理损害,一是受累神经的严重炎症性浸润,继而导致受侵犯神经节内神经细胞变性、坏死;二是皮肤的水泡。迅速抑制神经节和相应的感觉神经纤维的充血、水肿和坏死,防止粘连形成,达到迅速镇痛、改善皮损,缩短病程及防止后遗症的发生是治疗的关键。因而,尽早明确诊断,     

Estimation of accumulated dose of radiation by method of ESR-spectrometry of dental enamel of mammals

ESR-spectrometry was used to investigate radiation-induced paramagnetic centers in enamel of mammals: carnivores (polar bear and fox), ungulates (reindeer, European bison, moose), and man. Values at half the microwave power saturation of the radiation signal, P_1/2, evaluated at room temperature, was found to range from 16 to 26 mW for animals and man. A new approach to discrimination of the radiation induced signal from the total ESR spectrum of reindeer enamel is proposed. ‘Dose-response’ dependencies of enamel of different species mammals were measured within the dose range from 0.48 up to 10.08 Gy. Estimations of ‘radiosensitivity’ enamel of carnivores and ungulates showed good agreement with radiosensitivity enamel of man by ESR method.     

Analysis of the results of the international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of Fe

The results of an international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of ⁵⁵Fe organized by the BIPM in 2005 are reported and analysed. This exercise, which follows the procedures of the CIPM mutual recognition arrangement to update older comparisons, is a renewal of the comparison organized by the BIPM that took place in 1978. A EUROMET comparison was organized in 1996 specifically to compare activity measurements of a ⁵⁵Fe solution by means of liquid-scintillation techniques. Results of these three comparisons are presented and discussed in this paper.

The radionuclide solution was provided by the NPL, which also distributed the samples to the participants. The activity of the ampoules was measured by 16 laboratories using 12 methods producing 25 results. Some general considerations on uncertainty assessments pertaining to the different techniques used are drawn. The outcome of four different estimators is compared from which the presence of at least one outlier can be confirmed. Further measurements should be made to try to reduce the discrepancy between the results. To date the outcome of the present comparison does not show an improvement to that of the 1996 comparison.     

Evaluation of the results of various technics of non-surgical therapy of varicocele

A new method of non-surgical treatment of varicocele syndrome is described: it consists in sclerotherapy of spermatic vein by trans-femoral percutaneous catheterization with balloon-catheters. In 8 cases venous thrombosis has been induced by direct electric clotting. The techniques and a 6 months follow-up are discussed. It is pointed out that this procedure should be considered as the method of choice for tubular lesions and sub-fertility prophylaxis in young people and in childhood.     

延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因分析

目的探讨延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因和预防措施.方法回顾性分析总结12例延迟性脾破裂中的诊断和误漏诊的经验与教训.结果本组延迟性脾破裂的误漏诊5例(41.66%).对多发伤与脾破裂并存可能认识不足,外伤史轻微或伤员隐瞒外伤史,缺乏腹痛-缓解-突然再腹痛的典型病史,缺乏“对冲性脾破裂”力学分析和整体化诊断思路等为其误漏诊的主要原因.结论详细的外伤史和全面系统检查,重视腹以外多发伤掩盖腹内脏器伤及延迟性脾破裂可能.确立外伤-腹内脏器伤-脾破裂整体化诊断思路.不间断地辅以B超检查脾形态学变化和腹内有无积液,腹腔穿刺确定有无血腹、X线胸腹部检查观察左侧胸肋角和膈肌运动情况、必要时CT检查以尽早发现脾包膜下血肿,降低延迟性脾破裂误漏诊率.