经皮微创锁定钢板和交锁髓内钉治疗成人胫骨中下段骨折的临床研究

<正>胫骨中下段骨折多因高能量损伤所致,其中下段软组织条件差,如切开复位需要剥离较多软组织,会进一步破坏骨折端血供,致伤口感染、骨折不愈合风险增加~([1])。经皮微创锁定钢板及交锁髓内钉均是目前临床治疗胫骨中下段骨折的常用方法,其临床疗效各有优劣性~([2])。本研究对比分析了成人胫骨中下段骨折治疗中经皮微创锁定钢板及交锁髓内钉的治疗效果,现报告如下。     

延期手术取自体髂骨植骨锁定钢板治疗Ⅲ型Pilon骨折

Pilon骨折是指涉及踝关节面的胫骨远端1/3骨折,常合并胫骨远端关节面压缩、腓骨骨折及软组织重度损伤[1].Ⅲ型Pilon骨折一般为高能量损伤,伴有软组织严重损伤,常需要手术治疗,但术后皮肤坏死发生率及预后差.我院2006年9月-2010年2月对37例Ⅲ型Pilon骨折采用取自体髂骨植骨锁定钢板治疗,效果满意.现报告如下.     

非扩髓带锁髓内钉治疗胫骨多段骨折

探讨非扩髓带锁髓内钉治疗经骨多段骨折的临床疗效。非扩髓带锁髓内钉治疗胫骨多段骨折疗效满意,操作简便,并发症少。     

多功能外固定支架治疗胫骨远段开放性粉碎骨折

胫骨下段开放性粉碎性骨折是临床上较常见疾病，但由于胫腓骨下段骨折血液供应特殊，胫前皮肤软组织薄弱，以及原发软组织、骨膜、骨皮质损伤，使之治疗较困难，我院于1999年1月～2007年5月共收治28名胫腓骨下段开放性粉碎性骨折经多功能外支架治疗疗效满意，现报道如下。     

克氏针临时固定微创经皮钢板接骨术治疗胫骨中下段骨折

胫骨中下段骨折是临床常见骨折,主要是一种高能量损伤造成的骨折.部分为开放性骨折.外伤易引起局部挫伤,由于胫骨远端皮肤软组织较薄,传统的切开复位钢板内固定往往会造成皮肤坏死、感染及骨折不愈合等情况.现在MIPPO技术的临床上得到推广.该技术最大优点是减少了术中对软组织及血运的损伤[3],并取得了良好效果.     

锁定钢板经皮微创治疗胫骨多节段骨折

目的探讨微创经皮锁定钢板内固定术治疗胫骨多节段骨折的临床疗效。方法回顾分析我院自2009年1月—2010年6月,C臂透视下采用微创经皮锁定钢板内固定法治疗35例胫骨多节段骨折患者,选择小腿前外和(或)内侧弧形小切口,通过锁定钢板楔形尾端插入式固定骨折两端,骨折部位均获得解剖复位并骨性愈合。结果 35例患者获得12个月的随访,患肢皮缘无坏死、切口无感染、无大血管损伤,内固定无松动或断裂,关节无卡压及退行性改变,骨折处均骨性愈合,临床治愈率达100%。结论微创经皮锁定钢板内固定术治疗胫骨多节段骨折具有高度稳定性及创伤小等优点,缩短了患肢骨折的骨性愈合时间,提高了外科治疗的临床治愈率。     

阻挡钉结合带锁髓内钉治疗胫骨下段骨折疗效观察

胫骨下段骨折较为常见,由于其解剖结构的特殊性,局部软组织覆盖少,如果按照传统的切开复位内固定或外固定架固定,对骨折端血供破坏较大,容易导致骨折延迟愈合、伤口愈合不良等并发症[1].因此,髓内钉是长骨管状骨骨折治疗的标准方法,然而随着髓内钉应用范围的扩大,带锁髓内钉治疗胫骨下段骨折容易出现成角畸形或骨折端不稳定等问题,而阻挡钉技术的应用可解决上述问题.总结我院2010年9月～2012 年8 月采用阻挡钉结合带锁髓内钉治疗胫骨下段骨折,取得了很好的临床疗效,     

伴软组织缺损的Pilon骨折手术治疗体会

<正>Pilon骨折是胫骨远端1/3累及胫距关节面的粉碎性骨折,手术治疗困难。由于Pilon骨折多为高能量损伤,常伴有局部软组织的严重损伤以至感染坏死,造成软组织缺损,给治疗带来更大困难,预后不良。2008年1月—2010     

交锁髓内钉内固定加植骨治疗胫骨骨折不愈合30例

胫骨骨折不愈合较常见，特别是胫骨下1／3段骨折，因其营养动脉损伤、小腿软组织损伤严重、手术时间过迟和手术方法不当，常导致骨折不愈合。2001年1月～2004年6月，我们采用交锁髓内钉内固定加植骨治疗胫骨骨折不愈合30例，疗效满意。现报告如下。     

记忆合金骨卡环结合钢板、髓内钉治疗胫骨多段粉碎性骨折疗效分析

目的 探讨记忆合金骨卡环结合钢板、髓内钉治疗胫骨多段粉碎性骨折的疗效。方法 对12例胫骨多段粉碎性骨折患者采取记忆合金骨卡环结合钢板固定7例、结合髓内钉固定5例。结果 12例患者经10~18个月随访,骨折愈合时间6~13月,平均l0.8月。骨卡环无松动、脱落及断裂,固定牢稳有效,肢体无短缩。结论 记忆合金骨卡环结合钢板、髓内钉治疗胫骨多段粉碎性骨折,骨卡环能作为钢板、髓内钉固定后的辅助固定。骨卡环的持续加压环抱力可坚强固定碎骨块,能有效防止骨折端的移位和短缩,加强骨折固定后的稳定性,有利于骨缺损的修复,可避免钢丝环扎的弊病和单纯髓内钉复位不理想、固定不稳定、术后短缩等并发症。     

Optimization of the system of medical service of students of Cadet Schools of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

One of the factors of the successful military career guidance Cadet schools students is preserving and promoting their health. Medical support of children and adolescents aged 10-17 years should include the full range of medical and preventive measures defined for this group. The state of providing outpatient care for pupils at the Cadet School in St. Petersburg was studied. These results show that full medical care in accordance with the standards can be based only on children's health clinics. It is important that the organization of medical support pupils cadet schools should be cooperate with civilian health care.     

带状疱疹83例误诊原因分析

带状疱疹是由水痘—带状疱疾病毒引起的皮肤科常见疾病。其主要的病理损害,一是受累神经的严重炎症性浸润,继而导致受侵犯神经节内神经细胞变性、坏死;二是皮肤的水泡。迅速抑制神经节和相应的感觉神经纤维的充血、水肿和坏死,防止粘连形成,达到迅速镇痛、改善皮损,缩短病程及防止后遗症的发生是治疗的关键。因而,尽早明确诊断,     

Estimation of accumulated dose of radiation by method of ESR-spectrometry of dental enamel of mammals

ESR-spectrometry was used to investigate radiation-induced paramagnetic centers in enamel of mammals: carnivores (polar bear and fox), ungulates (reindeer, European bison, moose), and man. Values at half the microwave power saturation of the radiation signal, P_1/2, evaluated at room temperature, was found to range from 16 to 26 mW for animals and man. A new approach to discrimination of the radiation induced signal from the total ESR spectrum of reindeer enamel is proposed. ‘Dose-response’ dependencies of enamel of different species mammals were measured within the dose range from 0.48 up to 10.08 Gy. Estimations of ‘radiosensitivity’ enamel of carnivores and ungulates showed good agreement with radiosensitivity enamel of man by ESR method.     

Analysis of the results of the international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of Fe

The results of an international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of ⁵⁵Fe organized by the BIPM in 2005 are reported and analysed. This exercise, which follows the procedures of the CIPM mutual recognition arrangement to update older comparisons, is a renewal of the comparison organized by the BIPM that took place in 1978. A EUROMET comparison was organized in 1996 specifically to compare activity measurements of a ⁵⁵Fe solution by means of liquid-scintillation techniques. Results of these three comparisons are presented and discussed in this paper.

The radionuclide solution was provided by the NPL, which also distributed the samples to the participants. The activity of the ampoules was measured by 16 laboratories using 12 methods producing 25 results. Some general considerations on uncertainty assessments pertaining to the different techniques used are drawn. The outcome of four different estimators is compared from which the presence of at least one outlier can be confirmed. Further measurements should be made to try to reduce the discrepancy between the results. To date the outcome of the present comparison does not show an improvement to that of the 1996 comparison.     

Evaluation of the results of various technics of non-surgical therapy of varicocele

A new method of non-surgical treatment of varicocele syndrome is described: it consists in sclerotherapy of spermatic vein by trans-femoral percutaneous catheterization with balloon-catheters. In 8 cases venous thrombosis has been induced by direct electric clotting. The techniques and a 6 months follow-up are discussed. It is pointed out that this procedure should be considered as the method of choice for tubular lesions and sub-fertility prophylaxis in young people and in childhood.     

延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因分析

目的探讨延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因和预防措施.方法回顾性分析总结12例延迟性脾破裂中的诊断和误漏诊的经验与教训.结果本组延迟性脾破裂的误漏诊5例(41.66%).对多发伤与脾破裂并存可能认识不足,外伤史轻微或伤员隐瞒外伤史,缺乏腹痛-缓解-突然再腹痛的典型病史,缺乏“对冲性脾破裂”力学分析和整体化诊断思路等为其误漏诊的主要原因.结论详细的外伤史和全面系统检查,重视腹以外多发伤掩盖腹内脏器伤及延迟性脾破裂可能.确立外伤-腹内脏器伤-脾破裂整体化诊断思路.不间断地辅以B超检查脾形态学变化和腹内有无积液,腹腔穿刺确定有无血腹、X线胸腹部检查观察左侧胸肋角和膈肌运动情况、必要时CT检查以尽早发现脾包膜下血肿,降低延迟性脾破裂误漏诊率.