河南省三级甲等综合医院临床护理教师岗位培训现状与需求分析

[目的]了解河南省三级甲等综合医院临床护理教师岗位培训现状与需求,为完善临床护理教师岗位培训体系提供参考。[方法]采取自行编制《临床护理教师岗位培训现状与需求问卷》调查分析河南省三级甲等综合医院936名临床护理教师岗位培训现状及需求。[结果]参与调查的临床护理教师年龄为(31.78±5.14)岁,最高学历本科以上占94.0%,临床护理教师参加岗位培训的内容主要为带教方法及沟通技巧(61.6%);培训形式主要为网络课程学习(74.8%);培训师资来源主要为本院临床护理专家(94.2%)。临床护理教师认为以往培训存在的问题包括工作任务重、时间不充分(55.1%),理论知识多、实用性不强(41.8%)等。在培训需求方面,临床护理教师希望加强带教方法的培训(70.6%),培训形式为短期培训班(70.8%);希望得到国内其他医院护理专家指导(80.1%)。[结论]建议临床护理管理者结合临床护理教师岗位培训的现状,依据其培训需求,建立科学、规范、系统化的临床护理教师岗位培训、考核及评价体系,从而提高临床护理教师教学水平。     

临床护理教学中师资培训现状调查研究与分析

目的调查临床护理教师培训现状与需求,为进一步对临床护理教师开展针对性、系统性的培训提供依据。方法以某三甲医院95名临床护理教师为调查对象,就其接受师资培训等一般情况,已具备的知识能力及期望接受的培训内容、形式等情况进行问卷调查。结果临床护理教师接受师资培训的机会均不足。在带教方法与沟通技巧、带教水平与管理能力、具备的知识与更新意识、科研能力与批判性思维四个领域自评已具备的知识能力与培训需求间有显著性差异(P<0.01);与接受过师资培训组比较,仅在"带教教师角色和素质认知"领域需求有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论管理者应加强对临床护理教师的培养力度,构建与高等护理教育相适应的临床护理教师培养机制,拓宽培养内容,开发针对临床护理教师培养形式的新模式。     

重庆市临床护理带教老师培训需求现状调查

目的调查重庆市临床护理带教老师培训需求,为制订切实可行的、高效率的培训方案提供依据。方法采用自行设计问卷,对重庆市8所三级综合医院的153名临床护理带教老师进行调查。结果培训频率为每季度1次,培训时间每次1~2h为最佳,88.9%希望采取专题讲座的形式进行教学理论培训,79.1%希望采取教学查房和教学观摩进行教学实践培训;培训内容以临床护理教学技能培训、护理实践技能培训和临床教学管理培训为主。结论加大临床护理带教老师的培训力度,科学安排培训时间,采取灵活多样的培训方式,以临床教学能力培训为主,注重人文社会学课程培训,提高培训的可持续性和有效性。     

重庆市万州区二级医院临床护理教师教学能力培训情况调查分析

目的调查重庆市万州区二级医院临床护理教师教学能力培训情况,为进一步培训提供参考。方法采取自行设计的二级医院临床护理教师教学能力培训问卷调查表,对重庆市万州区6所二级医院418名临床护理教师进行问卷调查。结果培训形式以院内培训为主(占43.06%),4.55%的临床护理教师从未参加过培训。该地区二级医院对临床护理教师教学能力的培训内容总均分为(3.44±1.04)分,其中指导临床护理技能能力得分最高(4.10±0.72)分,教学查房、小讲课讲授能力得分最低(2.98±1.15)分。结论二级医院临床护理教师教学能力培训力度不够,管理者需加强临床护理教师教学能力系统化、规范化培训,以培养优秀的师资队伍,提高临床护理教学质量。     

“双师型”临床护理带教教师培训现状与需求调查

[目的]了解"双师型"临床护理带教教师培训现状与需求。[方法]采用自制问卷对我院46名"双师型"临床护理带教教师进行调查。[结果]8人(17.39%)认为单位有计划安排外出学习进修,15人(32.61%)不清楚单位是否有计划组织院内培训,22人(47.83%)认为单位对培训活动有相应的鼓励措施。最希望接受的培训方法前4位分别是案例分析、教学查房、教学观摩、专家讲座。最需要培训的内容前4位分别是各专科疾病及护理新进展、实际教学方法与技巧(含授课技能)、护理科研、临床带教方法。[结论]现阶段的培训现状并不能满足"双师型"临床护理带教教师的培训需求,应该加大培训力度,培训的形式、时间及内容安排应该灵活多样,在充分了解其需求的基础上组织培训。     

全国高等院校护理教师教学培训需求现状及影响因素分析

目的调查我国高等院校护理教师教学培训需求现状及影响因素。方法本研究为横断面研究。采用便利抽样法, 选取全国1 032名高等院校护理教师为研究对象。采用一般资料调查表和护理教师培训现状及需求调查表对其进行调查。采用多重线性回归分析探讨全国高等院校护理教师教学培训需求的影响因素。本研究共发放问卷1 032份, 回收有效问卷1 032份, 有效回收率为100.0%。结果 1 032名护理教师中, 80.9%(835/1 032)接受过教学培训。高等院校护理教师对课程与课程设计、临床教学特点与方法、教学评价(课程、学生、教师)、教育学理论及在护理教育中的应用、教学设计与教案书写、专科护理发展与临床教师核心能力培养、临床带教方法与技巧和常用教学方法与教学技术8个方面的教学培训需求均较高。院校工作年限、职称和学历是高等院校护理教师教学培训需求的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论全国高等院校护理教师的教学培训需求较高, 需开展全面、针对性的教学培训以提升整体教学水平。     

专科护生对临床带教教师需求的调查分析

目的了解三年制护理大专护生对二级甲等医院的临床带教老师的资质和带教内容的需求。方法采用自制问卷对2008级1 506名实习护生进行调查。结果 45%以上的护生希望选择本科学历、主管护师、工作5年、年龄在30岁左右的护士作为带教教师;除病房管理技巧外,护生对其余的17项带教内容需要的程度在90%以上。结论应根据护生的需求选拔合格的带教教师,采用个性化的带教方法,满足护生对带教内容的需求。     

护理临床教师的带教能力培训需求调查

目的了解临床护理带教老师培训需求现状,为进一步系统组织和科学开展师资培训提供参考依据。方法应用随机抽样法,采用自行设计的护理临床带教老师培训需求调查问卷对长沙市某三甲医院168名带教老师进行调查,分析其带教培训需求。结果98. 4%的临床护理带教老师表示需要开展相关培训。不同学历、职称和带教年限的带教老师对培训时数、培训内容和培训形式的需求程度均有显著性差异(P 0. 05)。结论医院管理者应针对不同学历、职称和带教年限的带教老师,科学安排培训时数、合理规划培训内容以及联合应用多样的培训形式,实施有针对性、科学性、系统性的培训,为当代护理行业的发展培养高质量师资队伍。     

临床护理带教教师胜任力现状及影响因素研究

目的探讨临床护理带教教师胜任力现状及影响因素,旨在为选拔、培训合格的临床护理带教教师提供参考依据。方法采用便利抽样法抽取衡阳市3家三级甲等教学医院,再用系统抽样法抽取248名具有带教资格的老师作为研究对象,对其胜任力进行调查,并分析影响临床护理带教教师胜任力因素。结果 248名临床护理带教教师胜任力总得分为(24.56±2.67)分,处于中等水平;经单因素分析和多因素Logistic回归分析,职称、学历、带教年限、是否接受相关培训是影响临床护理带教教师胜任力的因素。结论临床护理带教教师胜任力处于中等水平,医院相关管理部门应引起重视,与护理教育管理者制定针对性的措施,加强临床护理带教老师胜任力的培养,并参考相关因素制定出选拔临床护理带教要求。     

护理本科生内科临床带教老师核心能力培训体系的构建

目的 构建护理本科生内科临床带教老师核心能力的培训体系。方法 于2022年4-7月，以核心能力为目标，基于文献回顾、半结构式访谈、德尔菲专家函询及层次分析法，确定护理本科生内科临床带教老师核心能力培训体系的内容和各指标权重。结果 2轮咨询问卷有效回收率分别为95.24%和100%;专家权威系数分别为0.853和0.873;Kendall′s W分别为0.184～0.442和0.201～0.468(P<0.001)。最终形成的护理本科生内科临床带教老师核心能力培训体系包含4个一级指标、18个二级指标、98个三级指标。结论 构建的护理本科生内科临床带教老师核心能力培训体系具有较好的科学性、实用性和针对性，为内科临床护理教师的规范化培训提供了参考依据。     

Research and the configuration of nursing services

• ? This paper is concerned with the way in which nursing research has influenced changes in the organization of nursing services, particularly the shift from so-called traditional nursing to new nursing. To this end published research and professional literature are selectively reviewed.
• ? The case is made to support the view that change in nursing has been driven forward by the evangelical zeal of opinion leaders rather than evidence.
• ? It is suggested that holistic care as embodied in new nursing is no longer affordable. Market pressures have precipitated a revisiting of the task basis of nursing. An effective anchor would have been a solid body of research evidence pointing up the value new nursing may have. Regrettably not enough research was done prior to the diffusion of new nursing. What was done was not always adequate, and what was adequate was not effectively deployed by nurse leaders.
• ? Nursing is the largest workforce in the NHS and has attracted a great deal of policy interest. It is suggested that it will become increasingly important for nursing to be more strategic, and develop its own professionally driven research agenda.
• ? The future of the nursing profession is uncertain. It is clear that evidence-based practice is centre stage, and there is a need for nursing to re-negotiate its professional boundaries and to develop intellectual partnerships in order to move the knowledge base of practice forward.

     

Structure and content in Norwegian nursing care documentation.

In 1994, the Norwegian Board of Health (NBH) published recommendations for nursing care documentation. The two-fold purpose of the present study was to see if 5 wards in 2 Norwegian hospitals fulfilled the proposed NBH recommendations and guidelines regarding documentation, and to evaluate them in terms of the proposed structure and key words of the VIPS model. Results showed that all nursing records (n = 55) had an admission assessment. A nursing care plan was present in 62% of the records. Nursing goals were lacking in the remaining 38%, diagnosis and planned interventions were absent in 18%, and 45% of the diagnoses lacked information concerning patient progress or outcome. The nursing care plans were updated in only 40% of the records and discharge notes were present in 35%, confirming that NBH recommendations were not met in this sample. The key words of the VIPS model covered all information present in the records, and high interrater reliability was obtained for the majority of key words categorized by two independent researchers. It is suggested that the VIPS model components and key words can contribute to a reliable and uniform model for nursing care documentation and enhance comprehensive and systematic documentation, which is presently lacking in Norwegian records.     

我国护理行业的改革与发展

从我国护理行业的现状、卫生体制改革以及基本国情出发 ,着重探讨护理管理、护理教育、护理环境、护理经济与管理体系、护理立法等方面的发展途径     

基层医院整体护理的实施与对策

目的:总结实施整体护理的经验,提高护理质量。方法:全面综合分析实施整体护理的对策和措施。结果:经验:领导的高度重视和大力支持,是实现整体护理模式转变的坚实基础;提高人员整体素质,确保整体护理的有效开展;多做少写,以点带面,实行非模式病房开展整体护理工作;积极开展健康教育,巩固整体护理效果;实施整体护理质量管理的措施。体会:领导的重视和支持,是开展整体护理工作的根本保证;提高了社会公众对护理工作的认可程度和护士的社会地位;显示了护士的自身价值;改善了护患关系,提高了病人满意度,同时也密切了医护关系;护理队伍整体素质提高,敬业精神增强。结论:实施整体护理,促进了护理学科的发展。     

Putting policy into practice: pre- and posttests of implementing standardized languages for nursing documentation

Aims and objectives. To describe the change in documentation of the nursing process in all inpatient wards in a 900‐bed university hospital. Major research question was what are the differences between before and after implementation of documentation policy related to the steps of the nursing process? Background. Implementation of standardized languages has been shown to be difficult to accomplish in clinical practice. Patients are the source of data and their conditions, responses and well‐being should be reflected in the nursing record. As such, nursing documentation can create the premises for the development of new knowledge in nursing and the improvement of nursing performance and can provide data and information necessary for nursing researchers to evaluate the quality of interventions and participate in the formulation of healthcare policy. This study is part of longitudinal project to prepare nurses for electronic documentation within the interdisciplinary health record and to improve documentation of nursing using standardized languages. Design and method. A cross‐sectional study design was used: a pretest (n = 355 nursing records) for baseline status of nursing documentation, an intervention and a post‐test (n = 349 nursing records) to obtain data on nursing documentation. The year‐long intervention comprised planned work in groups, and educational and supporting efforts. Results. A statistically significant improvement was found in the use of Functional Health Patterns for documentation of nursing assessment, NANDA for nursing diagnoses and Nursing Interventions Classification for nursing interventions in documentation of daily nursing care for inpatients. Conclusion. At all organizational levels intervention aimed at putting policy regarding documentation into clinical practice considerably improved daily use of standardized nursing languages. Relevance to clinical practice. Nurses need to use standardized language to document patient care data in the electronic health record and to demonstrate contributions to nursing care.     

Innovations in United States genetics nursing: Practice and research

Aim: Clinical and research applications from human genome discoveries are growing and creating both opportunities and challenges to the integration of genetic concepts into practice and research. Nurses have a long history of caring for individuals, families, and groups with genetic conditions. In the past two decades, a small group of nurses in the USA have used a variety of strategies to further develop the field of genetics nursing. In this paper we identify innovative approaches to identifying genetics‐related nursing roles and opportunities, as well as successful collaborative efforts beyond nursing to address the emerging health and societal challenges related to human genetics discoveries. Methods: The information presented here comes from a variety of sources where the authors or genetics nurses directly participated, including: (i) a systematic literature review of genetics nursing; (ii) a comprehensive research study of models of delivering clinical genetics services and the roles of health professionals; and (iii) participation in numerous national research, planning, programmatic, and advisory groups involved with clinical genetics‐related health services, research, education, and public policy. Results: Genetics nurses in the US have developed innovative responses to genetics‐related challenges within and beyond the profession of nursing. These include: (i) establishing an organization for nurses in genetics and gaining formal recognition of genetics as a specialty of nursing; (ii) defining the scope of genetics nursing practice and developing a new genetics nursing credential; (iii) establishing a multiprofessional genetics education coalition and defining genetic competency for health‐care practice; (iv) creating new clinical practice roles for nurses that integrate emerging genetics concepts and skills into diverse clinical practice areas; (v) expanding nursing involvement in genetics‐related research; and (vi) participation in high‐level genetics advisory groups. Conclusions: The US experience shows that nurses have made substantial progress in expanding their involvement in genetic services through visionary leadership, innovative approaches to challenges, establishing support with nurse colleagues, and engaging in multiprofessional efforts. The most important first step is developing a supportive environment for nurse advancement. In the US, the genetics nurses’ organization known as the International Society of Nurses in Genetics (ISONG) has provided this base.     

晨间护理缺陷分析及对策

目的提高晨间护理质量。方法通过向住院病人和护士发放问卷调查及每周不定期检查各病区晨间护理质量,了解晨间护理工作中存在的缺陷,提出整改的措施。结果晨间护理工作中存在的主要缺陷:51.8%的病人认为护士与病人的沟通少,进病房时未向病人问好,整理病房时未向病人解释,口腔清洁率70.3%,头发清洁率45.3%,皮肤清洁率69.5%,病房安静整洁率67.3%,床单位整洁率86.5%,病情关注情况67.9%,健康教育执行情况48.6%,协助生活不能自理的病人进食、入厕、更衣、床上排便等占75.4%,时间安排满意度75.6%,护士认为晨间护理重要的占30%,晨间护理内容知晓率占60.9%,认为工作量大来不及做的占56.7%。结论提高护士对晨间护理的认识,规范晨间护理内容和程序,加强与病人的沟通,提供符合个体化需要的晨间护理,合理安排护理人员、工作重点和时间,持续质量改进,有助于提高晨间护理质量。     

社区护理中存在的问题及对策

3年的社区护理实践,发现社区护理中存在的问题有：受社会经济环境影响,护理工作量日益增加;护理人员严重不足,护理工作超负荷运转;社区护理仪器设备不配套,护理整体水平与医疗发展不适应;工作量与奖金分配不成比例。采用相应的对策：护理人员角色转换;加强对护理人员的时间管理;提高社区护理人员的政治觉悟,树立无私奉献的思想;加强护理业务技术及其质量管理;加强科室间协调工作,保证仪器设备到位。收到了明显的效果,提高了社区护理质量。     

临床护理成本与效益分析

笔者根据临床护理服务价格偏离成本的事实,提出关注护理成本,改革现行的医疗护理服务收费制度和医疗费用结构比,提升护士的劳务价值,以期深入发展护理经济研究形成系统的护理成本核算体系,以低成本、高效益的优质护理服务来赢得市场。     

人性化护理理论及其应用

从理论形成背景、理论框架、理论的主要概念、护理的4个基本概念及理论评价等方面,介绍了Paterson和Zder-ad的人性化护理理论及其应用。