仙鱼汤对小鼠Lewis肺癌的作用研究

[目的]探讨具有健脾清肺、化痰祛瘀作用的中药复方仙鱼汤对小鼠Lewis肺癌生长的抑制作用及其相关的分子机制.[方法]将50只Lewis肺癌荷瘤小鼠分为仙鱼汤高、中、低剂量组(剂量分别为1.747、0.874、0.437 g·kg-1·d-1),环磷酰胺(CTX)组(剂量为20 mg·kg-1·d-1),荷瘤模型组;计算各组小鼠平均瘤体质量及抑瘤率;制备单细胞悬液,采用流式细胞仪检测各组小鼠Lewis肺癌细胞周期、细胞凋亡率;采用免疫组化法检测各组Lewis肺癌小鼠的bcl-2基因的表达.[结果]仙鱼汤高、中、低剂量组及CTX组瘤体质量均低于模型组,肿瘤细胞凋亡率均高于模型组(P＜0.05或P＜0.01),仙鱼汤各组随着药物剂量的增大,抑瘤率和肿瘤细胞凋亡率逐渐增加.仙鱼汤高、中、低剂量组及CTX组处于S期的细胞比例均低于模型组(P＜0.05或P＜0.01),呈现明显的G0/G1期阻滞现象.仙鱼汤各剂量组bcl-2染色强度指数显著低于模型组(P＜0.01).[结论]仙鱼汤具有抑制小鼠Lewis肺癌生长的作用,其机理可能与通过降低bcl-2表达从而促进肿瘤细胞凋亡有关.     

土家药东方蠊对小鼠结肠腺癌的抑制作用

目的：研究土家药东方蠊提取物对荷结肠腺癌CT26小鼠的抑瘤作用,探求民族药对结直肠癌的治疗价值。方法：取对数生长期的CT26细胞接种于BALB／e小鼠皮下,建立荷结肠腺癌CT26小鼠模型。随机分为对照组和中药大、中、小剂量组,分别灌胃0．9％生理盐水及东方蠊提取物大中小剂量（52mg／10g,26mg／10g,13mg／10g）。2周后,各组小鼠称体质量,剥离皮下移植瘤,称瘤重,计算抑瘤率;并用TUNEL的流式细胞仪分析移植瘤细胞凋亡率。结果：东方蠊各组抑瘤率及细胞凋亡率明显高于对照组（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）。结论：土家药东方蠊可抑制结肠腺癌小鼠移植瘤的生长,促进肿瘤细胞凋亡,这可能是东方蠊抗结肠腺癌的作用机制之一。     

土家药东方蠊对荷H22小鼠肝癌皮下移植瘤生长的抑制作用

目的:研究土家药东方蠊提取物对荷肝癌H22小鼠的抑瘤作用,探求民族药对肝癌的治疗价值。方法:取对数生长期的H22细胞接种于BALB/c小鼠皮下,建立荷肝癌H22小鼠模型。随机分为对照组和中药大、中、小剂量组,分别灌胃0.9%生理盐水及东方蠊提取物大中小剂量(52,26,13 mg/10g)。2周后,各组小鼠称体质量,剥离皮下移植瘤,称瘤重,计算抑瘤率;并用TUNEL的流式细胞仪分析移植瘤细胞凋亡率。结果:东方蠊各组抑瘤率及细胞凋亡率明显高于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论土家药东方蠊可抑制肝癌小鼠移植瘤的生长,促进肿瘤细胞凋亡,这可能是东方蠊抗肝癌的作用机制之一。     

三叶青乙酸乙酯提取物对小鼠Lewis肺癌的抑制作用

目的探讨三叶青乙酸乙酯提取物对小鼠Lewis肺癌移植瘤的抑瘤效应及其作用机制。方法采用动物移植性肿瘤实验法腋下接种Lewis肺癌细胞制备小鼠荷瘤模型。观察三叶青乙酸乙酯提取物对瘤重、抑瘤率的影响;并用TUNEL法检测肿瘤细胞凋亡,免疫组化法和real time RT-PCR法检测瘤组织中Bcl-2、Bax、caspase-3的表达。结果三叶青各剂量组抑瘤率和肿瘤细胞凋亡率均高于模型对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01),其效应呈浓度依赖性;各剂量组Bcl-2的蛋白和mRNA表达下降(P<0.05或P<0.01)、Bax的蛋白和mRNA表达上升(P<0.05或P<0.01)、高剂量组caspase-3的蛋白表达上升(P<0.05)。结论中药三叶青乙酸乙酯提取物能抑制小鼠Lewis肺癌细胞的生长,可能与其促进肿瘤细胞坏死及下调Bcl-2、上调Bax和caspase-3从而促进肿瘤细胞凋亡有关。     

调衡方对Lewis肺癌荷瘤小鼠免疫功能调节的实验研究

目的：研究调衡方对小鼠Lewis肺癌自发性肺转移的作用并探讨其作用机制．方法：将传代培养的Lewis肺癌细胞接种于C57BL小鼠右腋皮下建立Lewis肺癌模型;灌胃给药12d后观察瘤组织中淋巴细胞与瘤细胞形态学的变化;常规石蜡切片HE染色．观察瘤组织癌细胞形态的变化;免疫组化法检测瘤组织中CD4＋,CD8＋的表达水平及其血清IL-2的活性．结果：调衡中、大剂量组可见瘤组织Lewis肺癌细胞大量坏死和凋亡,荷瘤对照组对肿瘤细胞形态无明显影响;调衡中剂量组和调衡大剂量组瘤组织中CD4＋与CD8＋表达均增多,而阳性组、调衡小剂组、热休克组则主要是CD8＋表达升高．调衡方在25g／kg剂量下,对Lewis肺癌荷瘤小鼠外周血IL-2活性水平有显著地增强作用．结论：调衡方对Lewis肺癌荷瘤小鼠的抑瘤作用机制可能与增强小鼠外周血IL-2的活性有关及增强CD4＋,CD8＋的表达水平,从而阻止了肿瘤细胞的侵袭转移．     

蒿甲醚与顺铂联用对Lewis肺癌小鼠的抑瘤作用及其机制探讨

目的探讨蒿甲醚与顺铂联用对小鼠Lewis肺癌抑瘤效应及其作用机制.方法 C57BL/6J小鼠皮下接种3LL细胞（4×105/只）60只,随机分为六组,分别为1：生理盐水（NS）组;2：单用蒿甲醚（ARE）组;3：单用顺铂（DDP）组;4：先给蒿甲醚后给顺铂组;5：先给顺铂后给蒿甲醚组;6：蒿甲醚与顺铂同时给药组.观察各组小鼠的体重、瘤体积变化和抑瘤率,并评价两药联用的抑瘤作用.探讨蒿甲醚与顺铂联用时,不同给药顺序下抑瘤率的变化.瘤组织进行TUNEL和检测凋亡相关基因的表达.结果联合给药组肿瘤体积较生理盐水组瘤体积增长明显缓慢,而且明显慢于单用蒿甲醚或顺铂组;与生理盐水组比较,蒿甲醚组与顺铂组瘤体积增长速度较缓慢.蒿甲醚组与顺铂组抑瘤率分别为36.44%及50.29%,联合用药时（先用蒿甲醚组、先用顺铂组、同时用药组）抑瘤率分别为62.15%、65.54%、66.67%,与单用蒿甲醚或顺铂组比较有差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）.在联合用药组之间抑瘤率差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）.应用金氏公式评价蒿甲醚与顺铂联用对小鼠Lewis肺癌的抑制作用：联合给药时三种给药方式下其q值均：0.85〈q〈1.15,表明蒿甲醚与顺铂联用对小鼠Lewis肺癌有相加抑制作用.流式细胞术TUNEL检测结果显示,蒿甲醚与顺铂联用可通过诱导细胞凋亡来抑制Lewis肺癌小鼠瘤体积的生长.FCM法分析其对瘤组织凋亡相关基因检测表明蒿甲醚与顺铂联用能上调Fas、FasL、P53等凋亡基因,下调Bcl-2抑制凋亡基因.结论蒿甲醚与顺铂联用对小鼠Lewis肺癌有相加抑制作用,能促进肿瘤细胞凋亡,其机制可能与调控细胞凋亡相关基因的表达有关.     

龙葵正丁醇提取物对Lewis肺癌移植瘤生长的影响

目的:观察龙葵正丁醇提取物对Lewis肺癌移植瘤生长的抑制作用。方法:建立Lewis肺癌模型,将40只C57BL/6J荷瘤小鼠随机分成荷瘤空白对照组、环磷酰胺组、龙葵正丁醇提取物高、中、低剂量组5组,每组8只。给药15 d后处死小鼠,剥离肿瘤组织,称重,计算肿瘤生长抑制率;解剖其胸腺、脾脏组织,称重,计算胸腺和脾脏指数。结果:龙葵正丁醇提取物高、中、低剂量对Lewis肺癌移植瘤的抑瘤率分别为32.14%、13.93%和15.36%。龙葵正丁醇提取物高剂量组胸腺指数增长率为134.31%,龙葵正丁醇提取物中剂量组脾指数增长率为128.73%。结论:龙葵正丁醇提取物对Lewis肺癌移植瘤生长具有一定程度的抑制作用,并能提高荷瘤小鼠胸腺和脾脏指数。     

白藜芦醇对小鼠Lewis肺癌细胞凋亡的影响

目的探讨白藜芦醇（Res）对小鼠Lewis肺癌细胞凋亡的影响。方法建立C^57BL小鼠Lewis肺癌模型,将40只接种Lewis肺癌的C^57BL小鼠随机分成4组：对照组、Res低剂量组（2．5mg／kg·d）、Res中剂量组（5mg／kg·d）和Res高剂量组（10mg／kg·d）,每组10只。连续灌胃20日,于接种后第22天处死小鼠,检测肿瘤体积及重量,用原位末端标记法（TUNEL）检测肿瘤细胞凋亡指数（AI）。结果Res中、高剂量组肿瘤的生长明显受到抑制,瘤重和肿瘤体积明显低于对照组（P〈0．01）,其抑瘤率分别为39．41％、50．35％,明显高于Res低剂量组（11．81％）,差异均有显著性（P〈0．01）。Res中、高剂量组AI明显高于对照组（P〈0．01）,但低剂量Res对AI无明显影响。结论白藜芦醇可明显抑制小鼠Lewis肺癌的生长,其机制可能与促进细胞凋亡有关。     

咖啡酸锗作用U14、H22移植瘤后细胞形态学特征研究

[摘要] 目的 通过观察咖啡酸锗作用U14、H22移植瘤后细胞形态学变化,探讨咖啡酸锗的抗肿瘤作用机制。方法 100只昆明种小鼠,随机分为生理盐水对照组(NS),环磷酰胺对照组,咖啡酸锗高、中、低剂量组。连续给药10天后处死每组小鼠测量体重、瘤重,计算抑制率,取瘤组织固定,常规石蜡切片,行HE染色,组织化学染色,光镜下观察细胞凋亡的形态学变化。结果 咖啡酸锗给药组瘤体较小,形状规则,易剥离。光镜下可见肿瘤细胞大小不一,密度降低,有不同程度变性坏死,细胞核着色不均匀,可见细胞凋亡形态学变化。咖啡酸锗各剂量组均可显著引起肿瘤的细胞凋亡,细胞凋亡百分率与NS组比较具有统计学意义。结论 咖啡酸锗可明显诱导肿瘤细胞发生凋亡,而发挥抗肿瘤作用。     

咖啡酸锗作用U_(14)、H_(122)移植瘤后细胞形态学特征研究

[摘要] 目的 通过观察咖啡酸锗作用U14、H22移植瘤后细胞形态学变化,探讨咖啡酸锗的抗肿瘤作用机制。方法 100只昆明种小鼠,随机分为生理盐水对照组(NS),环磷酰胺对照组,咖啡酸锗高、中、低剂量组。连续给药10天后处死每组小鼠测量体重、瘤重,计算抑制率,取瘤组织固定,常规石蜡切片,行HE染色,组织化学染色,光镜下观察细胞凋亡的形态学变化。结果 咖啡酸锗给药组瘤体较小,形状规则,易剥离。光镜下可见肿瘤细胞大小不一,密度降低,有不同程度变性坏死,细胞核着色不均匀,可见细胞凋亡形态学变化。咖啡酸锗各剂量组均可显著引起肿瘤的细胞凋亡,细胞凋亡百分率与NS组比较具有统计学意义。结论 咖啡酸锗可明显诱导肿瘤细胞发生凋亡,而发挥抗肿瘤作用。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.