Aerobic exercise training improves the role of high-density lipoprotein antioxidant and reduces plasma lipid peroxidation in type 2 diabetes mellitus

In this study, we analyzed the effect of aerobic exercise training (AET) and of a single bout of exercise on plasma oxidative stress and on antioxidant defenses in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and in healthy control subjects (C). DM and C did not differ regarding triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), insulin, and HOMA index at baseline and after AET. To measure the lag time for low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation (LAG) and the maximal rate of conjugated diene formation (MCD), participants' plasma HDL(2) and HDL(3) were incubated with LDL from pooled healthy donors' plasma. In the presence of HDL(3), both LAG and MCD were similar in C and DM, but only in DM did AET improve LAG and reduce MCD. In the presence of HDL(2), the lower baseline LAG in DM equaled C after AET. MCD was unchanged in DM after AET, but was lower than C only after AET. Furthermore, after AET plasma thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances were reduced only in DM subjects. Despite not modifying the total plasma antioxidant status and serum paraoxonase-1 activity in both groups, AET lowered the plasma lipid peroxides, corrected the HDL(2), and improved the HDL(3) antioxidant efficiency in DM independent of the changes in blood glucose, insulin, and plasma HDL concentration and composition.     

Low LDL oxidation in veteran endurance athletes

The 'oxidation hypothesis' states that oxidative modification of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is important in the pathogenesis of the atherosclerotic lesion. Physical exercise has been reported to reduce clinical manifestations of atherosclerosis. We compared the effects of aerobic physical exercise history on oxidation characteristics of plasma LDL at rest in non-smoking male veteran endurance athletes ( n = 15) and control subjects ( n = 16). As an indicator of LDL oxidation we used a method which provides an estimate of LDL diene conjugation in vivo. The athletes had lower plasma LDL cholesterol diene conjugation ( P = 0.003). They also had lower cholesterol, lower LDL and higher high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. Intensive physical exercise energy expenditure correlated inversely with LDL diene conjugation ( r =−0.41, P = 0.021). We conclude that participation in intensive physical exercise training is associated with reduced plasma LDL fraction oxidation as reflected by LDL diene conjugation. This finding may have relevance for studies aiming to explain the variation in occurrence of ischemic heart disease.     

Combined effects of aerobic exercise and omega-3 fatty acids in hyperlipidemic persons

Because both aerobic exercise and fish oil ingestion have been shown to decrease plasma lipids, we examined the effects of combining these modalities in hyperlipidemic subjects. Thirty-four subjects were randomly assigned to one of four groups as follows: fish oil and exercise (FE), N = 7, 50 ml of oil daily and 3 d.wk-1 of aerobic exercise; fish oil (F), N = 7, 50 ml of oil daily; corn oil (CN), N = 10, 50 ml of oil daily; and control (C), N = 10. Blood samples were drawn at baseline and at the end of 4, 8, and 12 wk. The FE and F groups showed significantly lower triglycerides with respect to treatment as compared to the CN and C groups. The FE, F, and CN groups exhibited lower total cholesterol values than the control group but were not different from each other. HDL cholesterol was significantly increased after treatment in the FE and F groups as compared to the CN and C groups. Serum apo-B, LDL cholesterol, and LDL protein decreased significantly in the FE group but not the F group from baseline to 12 wk. VO2max increased and percent fat decreased only in the FE group. In conclusion, aerobic exercise improved the effects of fish oil on LDL cholesterol and apo-B and improved fitness and body composition in hyperlipidemic subjects.     

Lipoprotein subfraction changes after continuous or intermittent exercise training

PURPOSE: This study compared total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and their respective subfractions after completing 4 wk of either intermittent (INT-EX) or continuous (CON-EX) aerobic exercise training (TRAIN). METHODS: Untrained males (N = 7) and females (N = 11) completed 4 wk of TRAIN of supervised treadmill jogging occurring 5 d.wk(-1) for 30 min per session at 60% VO2max (75% HRmax). CON-EX was a single 30-min bout. INT-EX consisted of three 10-min bouts separated by 20 min of seated rest. Pre- and post-TRAIN fasting plasma samples were collected after subjects had followed 48 h of activity restriction and a 24-h repeated diet including a 12-h dietary fast. Postprandial lipemia was measured for 8 h following a standardized high-fat meal. RESULTS: Fasting triglycerides and very LDL-C were not affected by TRAIN, and TRAIN did not change postprandial area under the curve or peak in either group. With groups combined, TRAIN significantly decreased TC, total LDL-C, and the TC:HDL ratio, and increased HDL-C subfraction 2 and LDL mean particle size. Total intermediate-density lipoprotein cholesterol remained unchanged at post-TRAIN, and was not different between groups. CONCLUSIONS: To prevent dyslipidemia, our findings suggest that persons who are normolipidemic can improve the lipoprotein profile equally with CON-EX and INT-EX by lowered TC through the sum of changes in LDL-C subfractions, increased mean LDL particle size, and increased HDL-C subfraction 2 concentration.     

飞行员脂肪耐量调查

目的探讨飞行员脂肪负荷餐后富含甘油三酯的脂蛋白(TRL)清除延迟发生率,TRL清除延迟与血浆高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、纤维蛋白原(FIB)及一氧化氮(NO)的关系.方法62名飞行员作为调查对象,测定其空腹12h后和服黄油试验餐(黄油量1.3g/kg体重)后血浆甘油三酯(TG)、HDL-C、FIB和NO水平.结果62名飞行员TRL清除延迟发生率为43.5%,其餐后8hTG水平平均为空腹的2.5倍,差异有显著性意义(P＜0.01);FIB水平升高(P＜0.01)HDL水平下降(P＜0.05);餐后8h血浆NO水平与空腹水平差异无显著性意义(P＞0.05).结论飞行员脂肪负荷餐后TRL清除延迟发生率明显高于招飞学员的发生率(5%).血浆高HDL-C水平可能具有抗TRL清除延迟的作用.应注意TRL清除延迟与低HDL-C、高FIB血症等致动脉粥样硬化危险因素的综合防治.     

老年2型糖尿病患者血小板参数和血清脂质的变化

目的　探讨老年 2型糖尿病患者血小板参数和血清脂质的变化及其意义。方法　选择老年 2型糖尿病患者 4 1例。正常对照 33例。检测血小板数 (PLT)、平均血小板体积 (MPV)、血小板体积分布宽度 (PDW )、大血小板比率 (P LCR)、血清总胆固醇 (TC)、甘油三酯 (TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (HDL C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (LDL C)、载脂蛋白A1,B(apoA1,apoB)、脂蛋白 (a) [(Lp(a) ]水平 ,观察血小板参数、血清脂质与糖尿病血管并发症及血糖控制水平之间的关系。 结果　老年糖尿病组与正常对照组比较、老年糖尿病不同血管并发症组间比较以及不同血糖浓度组间比较 ,血小板 4项参数测定值差异均无显著性意义均 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;血清TG ,Lp(a)测定值老年糖尿病组明显高于正常对照组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,P <0 .0 1) ;老年糖尿病合并大血管病变组LDL C明显高于微血管病变组和无血管并发症组 ,差异有显著性意义 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论　血小板 4项参数对老年糖尿病并发血管性病变的诊断可能无明显价值 ,血清LDL C ,TG ,Lp(a)是老年糖尿病患者发生动脉粥样硬化的主要危险因素     

Alterations in plasma lipids consequent to endurance training and beta-blockade

Alterations in plasma lipids consequent to endurance training and beta-blockade. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., Vol. 21, No. 3, pp. 288-292, 1989. The chronic use of beta adrenergic blockers (BAB) has been associated with reductions in HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) and increases in triglycerides (TG). This study evaluated the impact of concurrent endurance exercise training and chronic medication with BAB on plasma lipid and lipoprotein profiles in healthy young adult males. Changes in plasma lipids and lipoproteins were investigated while exercise training under the influence of one of two nonselective BAB [sotalol (320 mg.d-1) and propranolol (160 mg.d-1)], one beta 1 selective BAB [atenolol (100 mg.d-1)], or a placebo control. Total cholesterol (TC), HDL-C, LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C), TG, and the ratios of TC/HDL and LDL/HDL were determined before and after endurance training programs of either 14 (N = 27, sotalol) or 15 (N = 47, propranolol/atenolol) wk duration. The subjects exhibited increases in maximal oxygen uptake of 12-20%. Despite increased endurance capacity, the subjects in both BAB and placebo control groups failed to demonstrate the expected increase in HDL-C and decrease in TG. In fact, HDL-C was significantly decreased post-training in the propranolol group. The placebo groups did decrease TC, LDL-C and the TC/HDL and LDL/HDL ratios, improving their CHD risk profile. Similar changes were not observed in the groups on BAB. Thus, with respect to the present population, BAB does appear to interfere with the usual training-induced improvements in the lipid profile. Endurance training may, however, reduce the deterioration in the lipid profile known to occur with BAB.     

替米沙坦对老年2型糖尿病合并高血压患者糖脂代谢及胰岛素敏感性的影响

 目的 探讨血管紧张素受体拮抗药替米沙坦对老年2型糖尿病合并高血压患者糖脂代谢及胰岛素敏感性的作用.方法 48例老年2型糖尿病合并高血压患者按体重指数(body mass index,BMI)分为非肥胖组和肥胖组.每位患者每天空腹口服80 mg替米沙坦,共24周.测定治疗前后BMI、腰臀比(waist-to-hip ratio,WHR)、胰岛素、血糖、血脂、血压、肝功能、肾功能、血管紧张素Ⅱ,计算稳态模型胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR).结果 替米沙坦治疗前,与非肥胖组相比,肥胖组收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、三酰甘油(triglyceride,TG)、胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C)、空腹血糖(fasting plasma glucose,FPG)、空腹胰岛素值(fasting insulin,FINS)、HOMA指数(homeostasis model assessment - insulin resistance index,HOMA-IR)和血管紧张素Ⅱ(angiotensinⅡ,AngⅡ)均升高,差异有统计学意义(P<005).非肥胖组替米沙坦治疗后,SBP、FINS、HOMA-IR水平与治疗前相比均下降,ANGⅡ水平升高,差异有统计学意义.肥胖组替米沙坦治疗后,SBP、DBP、TG、TC、FPG、FINS、HOMA-IR水平与治疗前相比均下降,差异有统计学意义(P<005).结论 替米沙坦能够有效降低老年2型糖尿病合并高血压患者的血压,明显改善其糖、脂代谢状态,增强机体对胰岛素的敏感性.     

Aerobic exercise and the lipid profile in type 1 diabetic men: a randomized controlled trial

PURPOSE: Despite the potential importance of favorable changes in the lipid profile produced by aerobic exercise, training-induced lipid profile changes in atherosclerosis-prone type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) have not heretofore been adequately addressed. METHODS: We assessed the effect of a 12- to 16-wk aerobic exercise program on cardiorespiratory fitness and the lipid profile in young men with type 1 DM. Generally active men aged 20-40 yr with type 1 DM (N = 56) were randomized into training (N = 28) and control (untrained, N = 28) groups after baseline measurements. Training consisted of 30-60 min moderate-intensity running 3-5 times a week for 12-16 wk. RESULTS: For the 42 men finishing the study, peak oxygen consumption (VO2 peak) increased significantly only in the trained group. Total and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and apolipoprotein (apo) B decreased and the high-density lipoprotein (HDL)/apo A-I ratio increased in the trained group. HDL and apo A-I increased in both groups. The exercise program brought about improvements in the HDL/LDL and apo A-I/apo B ratios and apo B and triglyceride levels when comparing the relative (%) changes in the trained versus control group. In the trained group, men with HDL/LDL ratios below the group median at baseline showed even more favorable changes in their lipid profile than those with higher initial HDL/LDL ratios. Body mass index, percent body fat and hemoglobin A1c did not change during the training period in either group. CONCLUSIONS: Endurance training improved the lipid profile in already physically active type 1 diabetic men, independently of effects on body composition or glycemic control. The most favorable changes were in patients with low baseline HDL/LDL ratios, likely the group with the greatest benefit to be gained by such changes.     

糖尿病心肌缺血的Logistic回归分析

目的　为探讨糖尿病心肌缺血的相关因素。方法　按十二导联心电图 ,将 93例糖尿病分为无心肌缺血组(A组 )和心肌缺血组 (B组 )。两组病人均完成血压、心脏自主神经功能、尿白蛋白排泄率 (UAE)、红细胞山梨醇(RBCS)、糖化血红蛋白 (HbAlc)、血总胆固醇 (TC)、甘油三酯 (TG)、高密度脂蛋白 (HDL)及其亚类 (HDL3-c及HDL2 c)、低密度脂蛋白 (LDL)、血浆镁 (Mg) ,血浆纤维蛋白原 (Fg)测定。结果　与A组比较 ,B组的病程显著较长 ,收缩压和舒张压 ,UAE ,HbAlc ,RBCs,TG ,TC ,LDL和Fg显著升高 ,而心脏自主神经功能、HDL和Mg显著降低 ,(P <0 0 5或 0 0 1)。两组间性别构成、体重指数、年龄、HDL2 c和HDL3 c无显著差别。Logistic逐步回归分析示与心肌缺血密切相关的主要因素依次为UAE、心脏自主神经病变 (CAND)、TG、dBp和HDL。结论　UAE、dBp和TG升高 ,HDL降低 ,以及CAND是糖尿病人心肌缺血的主要相关因素。防治糖尿病心肌缺血除了控制血糖外 ,还应控制尿白蛋白排泄率和血压 ,调节血脂 ,防治心脏自主神经病变。     

Heparin-released plasma lipase activities, lipoprotein and apoprotein levels in young adult cyclists and sedentary men

Serum lipid and lipoprotein levels, apolipoproteins A-I and B, and lipolytic enzyme activities were studied in 14 young male cyclists and in 21 age-matched sedentary controls. While there were no significant differences in serum cholesterol between the two groups, the cyclists showed a significant decrease in serum triglycerides (P less than 0.05) and LDL cholesterol (P less than 0.05) and had significantly higher levels of HDL cholesterol (P less than 0.01) and HDL2 cholesterol (P less than 0.001). Significantly lower serum cholesterol/HDL cholesterol (P less than 0.001) and LDL cholesterol/HDL cholesterol (P less than 0.001) ratios and a significantly higher HDL2 cholesterol/HDL3 cholesterol ratio (P less than 0.001) were observed in the athletes. Serum apolipoprotein B was lower and the Apo B/Apo A-I ratio significantly reduced in the athletes. No significant differences emerged between the two groups in plasma post-heparin lipoprotein lipase activity (LPL) and in hepatic triglyceride lipase activity (HTGL), and there were no correlations between HDL cholesterol and lipolytic enzyme activities. In conclusion, this cross-sectional study may indicate that an aerobic training program such as cycling is associated with an advantageous lipoprotein pattern; some factors other than lipolytic activity may contribute to increase the HDL cholesterol levels in physical training.     

Specialized physical training programs: effects on serum lipoprotein cholesterol, apoproteins A-I and B and lipolytic enzyme activities.

To determine the effects of different types of physical training on lipid metabolism, serum lipids, lipoprotein cholesterol, apoproteins A-I and B, hepatic (HTGL), extrahepatic (LPL) and total (PHLA) post-heparin lipoprotein lipase activities were studied in elite athletes engaged in aerobic ("B", no. 13), anaerobic ("C", no. 17) and mixed ("D", no. 9) training programs and in a group of sedentary controls ("A", no. 15). In the aerobic and mixed groups serum triglycerides were significantly lower compared to sedentary controls while total serum cholesterol and LDL cholesterol, as well as serum apoprotein B levels were only slightly lower. HDL cholesterol and HDL2 cholesterol were slightly higher while serum cholesterol/HDL cholesterol (2.89 +/- 0.37 vs 3.6 +/- 0.47, p less than 0.01) and LDL cholesterol/HDL cholesterol (1.69 +/- 0.38 vs 2.23 +/- 0.43, p less than 0.05) ratios were significantly lower only in aerobic athletes compared to the control group. PHLA and LPL activities were slightly higher in the aerobic group than in controls, while PHLA and HTGL were significantly lower in aerobic and mixed athletes. No significant correlations were found between HDL cholesterol and energy expenditure during training, indexes of adipose mass or lipolytic enzyme activities. The results of this cross-sectional study seem to indicate that specialized training programs have a different effect on lipoprotein pattern and lipolytic enzyme activities, and only aerobic exercise has a potentially antiatherogenic effect.     

体重变化对老年2型糖尿病患者代谢的影响

 目的 观察住院老年2型糖尿病超重患者体重变化对营养代谢的影响.方法 收集本院2004～2005年进入营养治疗的体质指数≥24 kg/m2的老年2型糖尿病86例,根据营养治疗结束时体重动态分为A组(体重下降)、B组(体重无变化)、C组(体重上升).了解3组体重、体质指数与空腹血糖(FPG)、餐后2 h血糖(2 hPPG)、三酰甘油(TG)、总胆固醇(CH)、总蛋白、白蛋白代谢关联性.结果 组内比较:A组FPG、2 hPPG、TG、CH和B组FPG、2 hPPG下降差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).组间比较:治疗后A组2 hPPG、TG、CH低于B组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);A、B组CH低于C组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).结论 体重超标的老年糖尿病患者血糖、血脂的变化与体重变化相一致,体重降低,血糖、血脂恢复理想.     

Single sessions of intermittent and continuous exercise and postprandial lipemia

PURPOSE: This study compared the effects of continuous (CON-EX) and intermittent (INT-EX) exercise on postprandial lipemia (PPL). METHODS: Subjects were 18 inactive males (N = 7) and females (N = 11), aged 25 +/- 1.8 yr (mean +/- SE), VO2max 38.4 +/- 1.5 (mL x kg(-1)x min(-1)), and BMI 23.2 +/- 0.8 (kg x m(-2)). After 48-h activity and 24-h dietary control periods, subjects consumed a high-fat meal (HFM) containing 1.5 g fat (88% of calories), 0.05 g protein, and 0.4 g carbohydrate per kilogram body weight for three trials: no exercise (NOEX), CON-EX, and INT-EX. Both exercise trials consisted of 30 min of treadmill running at 60% VO2max. INT-EX was conducted in a single session of three bouts, each lasting 10 min and separated by a 20-min rest period. Blood was collected before the HFM (0 h) and at 2, 4, 6, and 8 h post-HFM. Exercise trials were completed 12 h before the HFM. Trials were separated by 7-10 d and were performed in random order. RESULTS: Plasma analysis indicated TG incremental area under the curve (AUCI) and TG incremental peak (PeakI) were significantly lower in INT-EX compared with NOEX, but CON-EX was not different from INT-EX or NOEX. Compared with females, males had significantly higher AUCI and PeakI in both exercise trials, but genders were not different in the NOEX trial. No difference was discovered among trials in high density lipoprotein (HDL)Total-C, HDL2-C, and HDL3-C, or fasting total cholesterol (TC) or fasting TC:HDL ratio. Females had higher fasting HDLTotal-C, HDL2-C, and HDL3-C compared with males. No gender or trial difference was found for fasting TC or TC:HDL ratio. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that a single bout of INT-EX is more effective than CON-EX for lowering PPL as compared with NOEX in inactive, normolipidemic individuals.     

Effect of an 8-week endurance training program on markers of antioxidant capacity in women

AIM: The effects of endurance training and of exhaustive treadmill running on low density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation in women are not clearly established. METHODS: Twenty training and 10 control persons, all not endurance trained, aged 26+/-4 and 23+/-3 years, were recruited for 8 weeks of running training 3x/week 30 min. The susceptibility of LDL to in vitro oxidation, conjugated dienes, malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO) and cholesterol, lipoproteins, triglycerides, apolipoprotein (apo) A-I, apo B and lipoprotein (a) were determined before and after training, at rest and after exhaustive spiroergometric exercise. The training was tailored individually at the speed of the 4 mmol/L lactate threshold. RESULTS: At rest and after treadmill running, training induced an increase in lag-time (P<0.05), a decrease in MDA (P<0.05), and lower values for cholesterol (P<0.001), LDL (P<0.01), triglycerides (P<0.05) and apo B (P<0.001), but no increase for high density lipoprotein (HDL) or apo A-I. Before training, treadmill running induced lower conjugated dienes and malondialdehyde, after training an increase for LDL and decrease for cholesterol and triglycerides, no increase for HDL or apo A-I. In the control group, all parameters remained unchanged, only NO lowered (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Endurance training in women shows favorable effects on LDL oxidation, cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides and apo B.     

不同运动因素对2型糖尿病患者早餐后糖代谢的影响

目的:观察不同步行强度、起始和持续时间对2型糖尿病患者餐后血糖与胰岛素水平的影响。方法:12名2型糖尿病患者进行每次间隔1周的1次静息和4次运动实验,测定空腹及标准早餐后各时点的血糖及胰岛素;采用三因素两水平正交设计,混合模型分析。结果:运动可显著降低2型糖尿病患者餐后峰值血糖和血糖曲线下面积(GlucoseAreaUndertheserumconcentrationCurve,GAUC),但对胰岛素曲线下面积(InsulinAreaUndertheserumconcentrationCurve,IAUC)影响不显著(P>0·05),其中运动强度为3·3代谢当量(MetabolicEquivalentsMETs)、持续时间40min、血糖峰值前30min运动的峰值血糖显著低于静息值(P<0·05);糖尿病史>5年组和BMI>26组运动实验峰值血糖和GAUC显著降低(P<0·05)。结论:单次步行可显著降低2型糖尿病患者餐后峰值血糖和GAUC,但对IAUC影响不明显;糖尿病病史长、体形肥胖的患者运动降糖效果更显著。     

Effects of submaximal exercise on high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol subfractions

Acute high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL) changes were determined in 18 healthy college aged-men completing two-counterbalanced running trials at different exercise intensities: trial 1 at 70 % lactate threshold (LT) (372.5 +/- 28.9 kcal); trial 2 at LT intensity (365.9 +/- 75.9 kcal). For each trial, blood samples were collected at pre-exercise (baseline), 15 min post-exercise (15 m PE) and 24 hours post-exercise (24 h). Serum samples were analyzed for HDL/HDL 2 /HDL 3 subfraction, low density lipoprotein (LDL), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), total cholesterol (TC), free cholesterol (FC), cholesterol ester, and triglycerides (TG). In addition, capillary blood samples were collected for analysis of blood lactate concentrations during incremental test to determine LT. All samples were corrected for plasma volume changes and compared to pre-exercise (baseline). In assessing the lipid and lipoprotein variables, the significant increase in HDL (p < 0.05) at the 24 h was due to the increase in both HDL 2 and HDL 3. The increase in 15 m PE TC at the LT intensity occurred while the decreases in 24 h TG and VLDL concentrations at the LT intensity occurred at different time periods, respectively. These decreases in the concentrations of TG and VLDL were significantly different, contributing to change in 24 h HDL concentration. No significant difference was determined in changes of HDL over time ratios of FC/CE and HDL 2 /HDL 3. Therefore, the significant increase in 24 h HDL at LT intensity was potentially due to increases in both HDL 2 and HDL 3 subfractions even though 24 h FC was increased significantly. Exercise at LT intensity might favourably alter the lipid profile as demonstrated in 24 h HDL concentration in combination with decreases in TG and VLDL at 24 h post-exercise. Consequently, the LT intensity might appear to be the threshold intensity of acute aerobic exercise (expending 350 kcal) necessary to promote a significant increase in HDL.     

40岁以上机关干部糖尿病流行病学调查

目的 调查某些40岁以上机关干部糖尿病的患病情况。方法 对研究对象进行问卷调查，并测量血糖、血脂、身高、体重、腰围与臀围。结果 2619人中按WHO诊断标准糖尿病的患病率为11．72％，糖尿病的患病率随着年龄、体重指数和腰围的增加而升高。结论 某部40岁以上机关干部糖尿病形势严峻。     

应用电泳技术分析飞行员富含三酰甘油脂蛋白亚组分及其代谢特征

目的 分析富含三酰甘油脂蛋白(TRLs)分子组成及其代谢特征.方法应用脂蛋白电泳技术,对30例飞行员空腹和脂肪负荷餐后血浆做脂蛋白分析,以扫描图面积表示各亚组分构成,观察脂蛋白亚组分变化特点.结果 30例飞行员TRLs清除延迟发生率46.67%.TRLs分子脂蛋白亚组分由极低密度脂蛋白(VLDL)、中密度脂蛋白(IDL)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、乳糜微粒(CM)和脂蛋白a[LP(a)]组成.TRLs清除延迟典型扫描图特征为LDL左侧区面积增高,呈双峰或多峰.LDL、VLDL区面积增高,伴有高密度脂蛋白(HDL)面积降低.结论 高三酰甘油血症致动脉粥样硬化作用是在代谢水平异常所致的TRLs清除延迟,TRLs清除延迟是核心环节.     

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征与2型糖尿病的相关性研究

目的探讨阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)与2型糖尿病的关系。方法分别检测OSAHS及正常人各50例的空腹血糖及餐后2 h血糖、空腹胰岛素及餐后2 h胰岛素。结果OSAHS组空腹及餐后2 h的血糖与胰岛素水平均显著高于对照组。结论OSAHS可引起糖代谢异常,从而诱发和(或)促进2型糖尿病的发生、发展。OSAHS的治疗应作为对2型糖尿病患者的一项常规辅助治疗。