电视胸腔镜辅助食管癌切除术效果评价(附7例报告)

目的 探讨电视胸腔镜辅助(VATS)食管癌切除手术方式效果。方法 1998至2003年采用VATS辅助行食管癌切除术7例，均为上段食管癌，肿瘤长度3cm～8cm。手术分三步：VATS下经右胸游离食管及肿瘤、清扫淋巴结；经上腹部切口游离胃；行颈部食管胃吻合。结果 手术时间120～180分钟，平均150分钟；术中胸腔出血50～100ml，无手术并发症，均痊愈出院。结论 电视胸腔镜辅助食管癌切除具有不开胸、心肺功能影响小、胸壁完整、术后病人咳嗽排痰有力、肺内并发症少；颈部吻合无胸内吻合口瘘之虑等优点。对于胸上段食管病变、需在颈部吻合食管胃的患者优为适用。     

电视胸腔镜辅助小切口切除食管癌和肺癌20例报告

探讨电视胸腔镜辅助微创小切口在食管癌和肺癌治疗中的价值。电视胸腔镜辅助小切口行食管癌和肺癌切除术，其中食管癌切除食管、胃胸内器械吻合12例，肺癌肺叶切除8例。均在胸腔镜辅助下完成手术，平均手术时间108min，失血量110mL，住院时间11d，无手术死亡及严重并发症。初步研究结果提示，电视胸腔镜辅助小切口治疗食管癌和肺癌，是一种很有前途的微创外科技术。     

电视胸腔镜辅助小切口切除食管癌和肺癌20例报告

探讨电视胸腔镜辅助微创小切口在食管癌和肺癌治疗中的价值。电视胸腔镜辅助小切口行食管癌和肺癌切除术,其中食管癌切除食管、胃胸内器械吻合12例,肺癌肺叶切除8例。均在胸腔镜辅助下完成手术,平均手术时间108min,失血量110mL,住院时间11d,无手术死亡及严重并发症。初步研究结果提示,电视胸腔镜辅助小切口治疗食管癌和肺癌,是一种很有前途的微创外科技术。     

胸、腹腔镜联合切除食管癌40例临床分析

目的:探讨胸、腹腔镜联合切除食管癌的疗效及安全性。方法:对2011年5月至2012年3月40例食管癌患者采用胸、腹腔镜联合切除术,先侧卧位、胸腔镜下游离切除食管并清扫胸部淋巴结;然后平卧位,腹腔镜下游离胃并清扫腹部淋巴结,将胃制成管状于左颈部吻合。结果:全组无中转开胸腹病例,手术时间平均为320min,术中失血量平均280ml,淋巴结清扫共计392枚。术后住院时间平均10.2天,术后36h胸部切口疼痛VAS法评分平均为3.26分,术后胸腔引流平均为200ml,胃肠减压引流量平均为150ml,术后并发症总发生率为15.0%(6/40),其中肺部感染5例,颈部吻合口瘘2例(术后第5、8天)。随访40例,随访时间为1-9个月,均无复发、转移、死亡。结论:胸、腹腔镜联合食管癌切除术安全、疗效可靠。     

腹腔镜、胃镜双镜联合治疗胃部肿瘤的临床应用

目的评价腹腔镜、胃镜联合治疗胃部肿瘤的临床应用效果。方法行腹腔镜胃部肿瘤手术34例,术中结合胃镜行病变定位,其中行腹腔镜下全胃切除5例,腹腔镜下近端胃大部切除术3例,腹腔镜下远端胃大部切除术26例,腹腔镜下胃手术同时行腹腔镜胆囊切除术3例。结果 2例在腹腔镜下完成胃的分离、切除、吻合;32例先腹腔镜分离,然后通过上腹正中切一个5～8 mm切口,进行胃的切除、吻合,标本亦于此切口取出。无中转开腹病例。手术时间60-395分钟,术中出血30～200 mL,肠蠕动恢复时间28-60小时,下床活动时间36-48小时,进流质时间3-5天,本组病例无1例应用镇痛剂,未出现吻合口漏、腹腔出血、切口感染等并发症,仅有1例患者出现食管黏膜糜烂出血,治疗后痊愈。21例患者术后规律随访6月,未发现操作孔、小切口及腹腔内转移。结论腹腔镜、胃镜联合手术治疗胃部肿瘤具有微创、疼痛轻、胃肠功能恢复快、下床、住院时间短、切口小、对机体免疫功能影响小、术后恢复快等优点。     

食管贲门癌172例手术治疗的临床分析

本文对172例食管贲门癌的外科手术治疗进行临床分析,其中手术切除142例,切除率82．6％,手术死亡9例,死亡率5．2％。术式根据肿瘤部位不同选择,多采用左后外侧剖胸切口和三切口（右胸、上腹、左颈）,以弓上和颈部吻合为主。吻合口瘘和肺部感染为术后主要并发症,发生率分别为5．6％和4．2％。结论：手术切除目前仍为食管贲门癌治疗的首选方法,早期手术和提高技术水平,改进手术方法,对提高手术切除率、术后生存率和防止术后并发症有重要的临床意义。     

“三切口”切除食管癌胃经胸骨后代食管16例

〔目的］评估食管中段癌经右胸、颈、上腹三切口切除后胃经胸骨后隧道与颈部残留食管吻合术的实用价值。（方法）将病变长度大于5cm的食管中段癌16例，右侧进胸将购段食管及区域淋巴结切除后，进腹游离胃并清除胃周淋巴结，将胃经胸骨后隧道上提至颈部与颈段残留食管吻合，然后再清扫下颈部淋巴结。（结果）16例中，10例行根治性切除，其余6例为姑息性切除；吻合口瘘发生率为37.5％，但均经恰当的引流后治愈；无心肺并发症发生。（结论）“三切口”术式切除食管中段癌符合肿瘤外科的治疗原则，而食管中段癌切除后胸胃经胸骨后上提至颈部与颈段残留食管吻合是可行的，对中晚期食管中段癌估计术后需辅助性放疗的病例可选择此术式。     

左胸左颈径路食管癌手术方法探讨

1990年 5月～ 1998年 5月经左胸左颈部切口手术治疗食管胸中、上段癌 2 2例 ,,总结报道如下。1　临床资料1 1　一般资料本组 2 2例中 ,男性 15例 ,女性 7例。年龄 44～ 70岁 ,平均 5 8岁。病变均位于胸中、上段食管 ,病变长度 3 0～ 8 0ｃｍ。术前放疗者 2例。1.2　手术方法全麻下经左胸、左颈部切口完成全胸段食管及其肿瘤切除和食管胃吻合术。其要点是 :①经左胸后外侧第 5、6肋间进胸 ,于第 5肋结节前侧咬断肋骨 ;②主动脉弓游离牵开后切除全胸段食管 ,清除周围淋巴结 ;③切开膈肌充分游离全胃 ,使胃的长度达到最大限度的松弛 ;④左颈部…     

经自制硬直镜行肺肿瘤切除术——附22例报告

目的：介绍一种新的微创技术－经自制硬直镜行肺肿瘤切除术。方法：总结分析１９９３年３月￣１９９３年３月采用本法完成的肺楔型切除术１８例，左肺下叶切除术１例，右肺中下叶切除术１例，右肺下叶背段切除术１例，纵隔肿瘤切除术１例的临床资料。结果：手术切口长４￣８ｃｍ，手术时间１５￣３０ｍｉｎ，术中出血２０￣５０ｍｌ，均未输血，无术后并发症，术后平均住院时间８．５天（不包括肺叶切除者）。结论：与标准剖胸手术相     

胸腹腔镜联合手术治疗食管癌应用体会

目的探讨胸腹腔镜联合治疗食管癌的可行性和近期疗效。方法胸腔镜下游离胸段食管同时清扫胸腔淋巴结。腹腔镜下游离胃并清扫腹腔淋巴结,将胃裁为管状。颈部切口将管状胃经食管床提至颈部与食管吻合。结果所有病例均在胸腹腔镜联合下顺利完成食管癌根治术,术后恢复快,并发症少。近期随访无复发。结论胸腹腔镜联合手术治疗食管癌能带给患者较小的创伤,降低术后并发症,改善患者生活质量,近期疗效满意。     

Minimally invasive treatment of esophageal cancer: laparoscopic staging to robotic esophagectomy

Minimally invasive surgical (MIS) procedures have become commonplace in modern surgical practice. The term minimally invasive surgery has been and continues to be interchangeably applied to describe laparoscopic, laparoscopic-assisted, thoracoscopic, and telesurgical (robotic) procedures. Minimally invasive surgical procedures for the treatment of benign and malignant disorders of the esophagus are being developed, refined, and clinically applied in parallel with the exponential availability of novel technologies and instrumentation. Herein, we review the progression from laparoscopic/thoracoscopic esophagectomy to telesurgical esophagectomy, presently termed minimally invasive esophagectomy, and describe the telesurgical procedure as well as early the clinical outcome experience.     

Predicting response to neoadjuvant therapy in esophageal cancer

Esophagectomy is an important component in the comprehensive treatment of esophageal cancer. The 5-year survival in patients who are treated with esophagectomy is approximately 35% compared with approximately 16% for all patients. However, esophagectomy is a complex operation with high (40–60%) morbidity and 5–20% mortality rates reported by many centers. Minimally invasive approaches to esophagectomy have been developed over the past decade; potential advantages of minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) include a reduced risk of perioperative morbidity and mortality with equivalent oncologic outcomes, including extent of lymphadectomy and survival. However, significant debate still exists regarding the role of MIE in the treatment of esophageal cancer, particularly given the limitations in the widespread implementation of this technically challenging operation. This review summarizes the current status of the use of minimally invasive surgery in treating esophageal cancer and seeks to answer the question of whether MIE is indicated in the treatment of esophageal cancer.     

早期非小细胞肺癌电视胸腔镜微创手术与常规手术淋巴结清扫的效果比较

目的:探讨早期非小细胞肺癌电视胸腔镜微创手术与常规手术淋巴结清扫的差异。方法:选择2015年1月至2017年2月之间在儋州市人民医院进行治疗的肺癌患者123例,按照患者的治疗方法分为对照组和观察组,对照组患者69例使用常规开胸的手术方法,观察组患者54例使用电视胸腔镜介导下的微创手术和淋巴结清扫,对淋巴结清扫的效果进行对比。结果:两组患者的清扫淋巴结组数、清扫淋巴结个数、N1期淋巴结个数、N1期阳性个数、N2期淋巴结个数、N2期阳性个数数据差异均不具有统计学意义（P＞0.05）,观察组患者的淋巴结清扫时间高于对照组患者,手术后引流时间、失血量、住院时间低于对照组患者,数据差异均具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,两组患者在手术后1年之中均未出现肿瘤的局部复发、纵隔淋巴结转移和其他的远处转移。结论:利用电视胸腔镜微创手术对早期非小细胞肺癌患者进行淋巴结清扫,各项指标基本等同于常规开胸手术的效果,但是对患者的创伤更小,值得在临床范围内进行推广。     

单操作孔胸腔镜下微创治疗纵隔肿瘤22例体会

目的：分析单操作孔胸腔镜下微创治疗纵隔肿瘤的临床效果.方法：对22例行胸腔镜手术的纵隔肿瘤患者相关资料进行回顾分析.结果：22例均完全在胸腔镜下完成手术,16例在单孔操作下完成,6例因游离困难加开副操作孔,手术时间30-1 10min,平均65min;术中出血30-200ml,平均100ml;术后胸管引流时间2-4天,平均3天;术后住院时间5-8天,平均6.5天.均顺利恢复出院,无术后出血、气胸、感染、肺不张等并发症.随访1-20个月,未有局部复发.结论：单操作孔胸腔镜下切除纵隔肿瘤可达到双操作孔的手术效果,进一步减少手术创伤,加快术后恢复,可在临床上加以推广应用.     

电视胸腔镜手术治疗老年肺癌151例临床分析

目的 探讨胸腔镜手术治疗老年肺癌患者的可行性及应用价值.方法 回顾分析151例70岁以上老年肺癌施行胸腔镜肺癌根治手术的临床资料.结果 全组无手术死亡,并发症发生率18.5%(28/151).其中心律失常12例,肺部感染9例,肺不张3例,切口感染2例.结论 对于老年肺癌患者在严格掌握手术适应证及充分围手术期处理的前提下,采用胸腔镜手术行肺叶切除及淋巴结清扫,是安全可行的,可以降低并发症发生率,提高老年肺癌的治疗效果.     

胸腹腔镜联合微创手术在新辅助治疗食管癌中的应用分析

目的探讨胸腹腔镜联合微创治疗新辅助放化疗食管癌的安全性及可行性。方法回顾分析2012年1月-2013年12月在我院进行新辅助放化疗的35例食管癌患者的临床资料,比较常规三切口手术（常规组）与胸腹腔镜联合微创手术（微创组）的手术时程、术中出血、淋巴结清扫情况、术后引流及围手术期并发症。结果常规组（18例）和微创组（17例）的术后引流量及淋巴结清扫数量差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;手术时程及术中出血量方面两组差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,微创组的手术时程长于开胸组,但术中出血量少于开胸组;两组其他术后观察指标的结果差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;术后并发症主要为呼吸功能障碍、吻合口瘘,两组均无术后严重并发症致死。结论胸、腹腔镜联合微创治疗新辅助放化疗食管癌安全可行,值得深入研究并推广应用。     

Is minimally invasive esophagectomy indicated for cancer?

Esophagectomy is an important component in the comprehensive treatment of esophageal cancer. The 5-year survival in patients who are treated with esophagectomy is approximately 35% compared with approximately 16% for all patients. However, esophagectomy is a complex operation with high (40-60%) morbidity and 5-20% mortality rates reported by many centers. Minimally invasive approaches to esophagectomy have been developed over the past decade; potential advantages of minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) include a reduced risk of perioperative morbidity and mortality with equivalent oncologic outcomes, including extent of lymphadectomy and survival. However, significant debate still exists regarding the role of MIE in the treatment of esophageal cancer, particularly given the limitations in the widespread implementation of this technically challenging operation. This review summarizes the current status of the use of minimally invasive surgery in treating esophageal cancer and seeks to answer the question of whether MIE is indicated in the treatment of esophageal cancer.     

Indication and limitation of endoscopic surgical procedure for esophageal cancer

Our standard procedure of thoracoscopic esophagectomy and indication of endoscopic surgery for thoracic esophageal cancer are described. The thoracoscopic esophagectomy is performed for cases without direct invasion to the adjacent structures, without massive lymph node involvement, and tolerable to left ipsi-lateral ventilation during surgery. Total operation time, time of thoracic procedure, and harvested lymph node of the past 243 thoracoscopic esohpagectomy cases are the same as the conventional open surgery. The blood loss of the thoracoscopic esophagectomy is less than that of the open. In the long-term outcome, decreasing of the vital capacity is less in the thoracoscopic than open. Concerning to the postoperative complications, pneumonia and palsy of the recurrent laryngeal nerves occurred more frequently in the thoracoscopic surgery than open, but pneumonia has been getting less since introduction of the laparoscopic abdominal procedure. In conclusion, as manners of thoracoscopic esophagectomy and laparoscopic abdominal procedure differs in each hospital and have not yet approved, this surgery likely develops to a standard alternative once learning a high quality and sophisticated surgical maneuver under excellent magnified endoscopic view.     

电视胸腔镜手术治疗肺癌的进展

随着医疗技术进步、胸部微创手术不断发展,电视胸腔镜手术（VATS）因治疗肺癌具有创伤小、切口小、疼痛较轻、恢复快等优点而在临床广泛应用,其治疗有效性已经获得医师与患者认可,成为诊疗肺癌主要手段之一。     

电视胸腔镜手术治疗老年肺癌151例临床分析

目的：探讨胸腔镜手术治疗老年肺癌患者的可行性及应用价值。方法：回顾分析151例70岁以上老年肺癌施行胸腔镜肺癌根治手术的临床资料。结果：全组无手术死亡,并发症发生率18.5%（28/151）。其中心律失常12例,肺部感染9例,肺不张3例,切口感染2例。结论：对于老年肺癌患者在严格掌握手术适应证及充分围手术期处理的前提下,采用胸腔镜手术行肺叶切除及淋巴结清扫,是安全可行的,可以降低并发症发生率,提高老年肺癌的治疗效果。