Effect of lactulose on establishment of a rat non-alcoholic steatohepatitis model

AIM: To explore the relationship between changes of intestinal environment and pathogenesis of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). METHODS: Forty-two Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into model group (n = 24), treatment group (n = 12), and control group (n = 6). The rats of model and treatment groups were given high-fat diet, and those of the control group were given normal diet. Furthermore, the rats of treatment group were given lactulose after 8 wk of high-fat diet. Twelve rats of the model group were killed at 8 wk of high-fat diet. At the 16 wk the rats of treatment group, control group, and the rest of the model group were killed. The serum levels of aminotransferase were measured and the histology of livers was observed by H&E staining. RESULTS: The livers of rats presented the pathological features of steatohepatitis with higher serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in the model group after 16 wk. Compared to the model group, the serum levels of ALT and AST in treatment group decreased significantly and were close to the normal group, and the hepatic inflammation scores also decreased markedly than those in the model group after 16 wk (5.83±2.02 vs3.63±0.64, P<0.05), but were still higher than those in the model group after 8 wk (3.63±0.64 vs 1.98±0.90, P<0.05). However, the degree of hepatic steatosis had no changes in treatment group compared to the model group after 16 wk. CONCLUSION: Lactulose could ameliorate the hepatic inflammation of rats with steatohepatitis induced by fat-rich diet, but could not completely prevent the development of steatohepatitis. It is suggested that intestinal environmental changes such as intestinal bacteria overgrowth, are one of the important factors in the pathogenesis of NASH.     

Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-gamma in pathogenesis of experimental fatty liver disease

AIM: To study the expression of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-y (PPARy) in the liver of rats with fatty liver disease (FLD) and to explore the role of PPARy in the pathogenesis of FLD to provide the basis for using PPARy ligand to treat patients with FLD.METHODS: Forty Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups of ten rats each randomly: normal group (group A), alcohol group (group B), fat-rich diet group (group C), alcohol and fat-rich diet group (group D). The rats were sacrificed at the end of the 16th week from the feeding day. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), tumor necrosis factor-alfa (TNFa)in serum and malondialdehyde (MDA) in liver homogenate were determined; livers were collected for observing pathologic changes by HE, Sudan IV, Masson stain under microscope. The morphologic results were analyzed by picture quantitative analysis technique. The changes of ultrastructure were also examined under electron microscope.The expression of PPARy in liver was detected by immunoh-istochemistry and RT-PCR. The correlations between the expression of PPARy and biochemical indexes, and liver histology were analyzed.RESULTS: The steatosis, inflammation, necrosis and fibrosis were present in livers of different experimental groups,especially in livers of alcohol and fat-rich diet group. The content of immunodetectable PPARy was decreased remarkably in the livers of model rats (group B-D); the level in alcohol and fat-rich diet group (3.43+ 1.48) was significantly lower than that in normal group (18.34+3.73), alcohol group(8.82+2.52) and fat-rich diet group (11.73+2.51) (all P&lt;0.01).The level of PPARy mRNA was also lower in the livers of model rats (group B-D) than in‘livers of controls. The expression of PPARy in rat liver correlated negatively with the degree of its inflammation, necrosis and fibrosis, as well as the level of serum TNFα and the content of MDA in liver homogenates, but not with steatosis or serum ALT.CONCLUSION: Decreased expression of PPARy may play an important role in the development of hepatocellular inflammation, necrosis and fibrosis of rats with FLD. Thus,activating PPARy by its ligand can be anticipated to provide a therapy target for FLD.     

Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-γ in pathogenesis of experimental fatty liver disease

AIM: To study the expression of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) in the liver of rats with fatty liver disease (FLD) and to explore the role of PPARγ in the pathogenesis of FLD to provide the basis for using PPARγligand to treat patients with FLD.METHODS: Forty Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups of ten rats each randomly: normal group (group A), alcohol group (group B), fat-rich diet group (group C), alcohol and fat-rich diet group (group D). The rats were sacrificed at the end of the 16th week from the feeding day. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), tumor necrosis factor-alfa (TNFα)in serum and malondialdehyde (MDA) in liver homogenate were determined; livers were collected for observing pathologic changes by HE, Sudan Ⅳ, Masson stain under microscope. The morphologic results were analyzed by picture quantitative analysis technique. The changes of ultrastructure were also examined under electron microscope.The expression of PPARγ in liver was detected by immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR. The correlations between the expression of PPARγ and biochemical indexes, and liver histology were analyzed.RESULTS: The steatosis, inflammation, necrosis and fibrosis were present in livers of different experimental groups,especially in livers of alcohol and fat-rich diet group. The content of immunodetectable PPARγ was decreasedremarkably in the livers of model rats (group B-D); the level in alcohol and fat-rich diet group (3.43±1.48) was significantly lower than that in normal group (18.34±3.73), alcohol group (8.82±2.52) and fat-rich diet group (11.73±2.51) (all P＜0.01).The level of PPARγ mRNA was also lower in the livers of model rats (group B-D) than in'livers of controls. The expression of PPARγ in rat liver correlated negatively with the degree of its inflammation, necrosis and fibrosis, as well as the level of serum TNFα and the content of MDA in liver homogenates, but not with steatosis or serum ALT.CONCLUSION: Decreased expression of PPARγ may play an important role in the development of hepatocellular inflammation, necrosis and fibrosis of rats with FLD. Thus,activating PPARγ by its ligand can be anticipated to provide a therapy target for FLD.     

丹参对大鼠非酒精性脂肪性肝炎和脂质代谢的作用

目的观察丹参注射液对大鼠非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(NASH)脂质代谢和糖代谢的干预作用。方法高脂饲料建立大鼠NASH模型,设正常组,模型组,复方甘草甜素对照组,低剂量丹参组和高剂量丹参组,检测大鼠血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、γ-谷氨酰转肽酶(GGT)、甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、血糖(GLU)水平,参照2006年2月NAFLD诊疗指南中脂肪肝分度和炎症分级的组织病理学标准进行量化计分。结果高、低剂量丹参组比模型组及对照组血清GGT、AST水平显著下降;与对照组及低剂量丹参组比较,高剂量丹参组血清TC、GLU及肝组织炎症计分水平均显著下降。结论高剂量丹参注射液对高脂饮食诱发的大鼠脂肪性肝炎和脂肪代谢紊乱有一定的防治作用。     

水飞蓟宾磷脂复合物对高脂饮食大鼠脂肪肝和动脉硬化的影响

目的探讨水飞蓟宾磷脂复合物（水林佳）对高脂饮食大鼠脂肪肝和动脉硬化造模形成的影响。方法22只SD大鼠随机分为3组,对照组（n=6）普通饮食饲养,模型组（n=8）和干预组（n=8）以高脂饮食＋维生素D＋丙基硫氧嘧啶造模,干预组同时在饮水中加用水林佳（225mg·kg^-1·d^-1）,各组大鼠均于实验第16周末处死,常规检测血液生化指标,并观察肝脏和主动脉壁病理改变。结果模型组出现明显的肝脏脂肪变、炎症和坏死,主动脉壁中膜轻度增厚,部分内皮下可见钙化斑,而水林佳干预组肝脏脂肪变和炎症程度较模型组明显改善（P〈0．05）,且伴血清转氨酶水平显著下降（P〈0．01）。然而,水林佳干预组血糖、血脂及主动脉粥样硬化病变情况较模型组无明显改变。结论水林佳能减轻高脂饮食脂肪肝大鼠脂肪性肝炎程度,但无改善糖脂紊乱和动脉硬化作用。     

细胞凋亡在大鼠酒精和高脂饮食诱导的脂肪性肝病中的作用

目的探讨在实验性脂肪性肝病动物模型中肝细胞凋亡的作用。方法雄性Wistar大鼠46只，分为对照组、酒精组、高脂组和高脂加酒精组。制模成功后取血测血清ALT、AST、CHO、TG、FFA；PCR法和免疫组化法测定肝组织caspase-3的基因与蛋白表达；TUNEL法测定肝细胞凋亡指数；电镜下观察肝细胞凋亡情况。结果酒精组、高脂组、酒精加高脂组细胞凋亡指数分别为2．16±0．43、2．33±0．60和3．93±0．80，显著高于正常对照组（1．070．27，P〈0．05）；实验组caspase-3无论是基因还是蛋白表达均较对照组升高（P〈0．05），其中以酒精加高脂组增加最明显。析因分析显示，加用与不加用酒精或高脂饮食对caspase-3及其基因表达有显著性影响（P=0．00）；高脂饮食与酒精交互效应显著（P〈0．05）。结论酒精和高脂均能诱导肝细胞发生凋亡，同时酒精和高脂同时作用于肝脏加重肝细胞caspase-3的表达，两者具有协同损伤肝脏的作用。     

祛湿化瘀方对单纯高脂饮食诱导的大鼠脂肪肝的防治作用

目的：观察中药祛湿化瘀方治疗非酒精性脂肪肝的疗效。方法：SD雄性大鼠36只，SPF级，随机取5只为正常组。其余大鼠以高脂饲料（普通饲料＋2％胆固醇＋10％猪油）饲养12周诱导脂肪肝。期间在第7周起，按随机号分模型组（11只）、祛湿化瘀方组（10只）及对照药物甘乐组（10只），分别予以相应药物或蒸馏水灌胃6周。取材后观察肝组织病理（HE染色和油红染色）、电镜超微结构；肝组织甘油三酯（TG）、游离脂肪酸（FFA）含量；血清ALT和AST活性、胰岛素抵抗指数、血脂等变化。结果：模型组肝体肥大，肝组织出现显著的脂肪变性，电镜可见肝细胞内存在大量脂滴，肝组织中TG含量达正常组5．2倍、FFA含量显著升高，但血脂含量和ALT、AST活性及胰岛素抵抗指数无显著变化。祛湿化瘀方组可显著改善肝组织病理变化，显著降低肝组织TG和FFA含量（其均值分别为模型组的54．5％和72．5％），并显著优于对照药物甘乐组。结论：祛湿化瘀方对单纯高脂饮食诱导的非酒精性脂肪肝有理想疗效，值得深入研究。     

甲氰咪呱对非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(NASH)大鼠肝微粒体细胞色素P450的影响

目的研究甲氰咪呱对非酒精性脂肪性肝炎（NASH）大鼠肝微粒体细胞色素P450的影响。方法通过高脂饮食制作非酒精性指肪性肝炎（NASH）动物模型，给予甲氰咪呱灌胃治疗，观察肝组织病理形态变化，进行炎症活动计分，同时测定细胞色素P450（CYP450）和细胞色素2E1（CYP2EI）含量及ALT、AST，并与对照组比较。结果与正常组比较，模型组大鼠ALT、AST及CYP450和CYP2EI含量明显升高；与模型组比较，甲氰咪呱治疗组CYP450和CYP2EI含量均明显下降，（P〈0．05），ALT、AST及炎症活动计分明显低于模型组（P〈0．05）。结论甲氰咪呱能显著改善NASH大鼠肝脏功能及形态损伤，可能通过抑制肝细胞微粒体CYP450和同功酶CYP2EI的表达发挥作用。     

肝脂复煎剂对实验性脂肪肝的治疗效应

[目的]探讨肝脂复煎剂对实验性脂肪肝的治疗作用.[方法]通过高脂饮食饲养制备大鼠脂肪肝模型;肝脏病理切片证实造模成功.造模大鼠40只随机分为5组,肝脂复低、中、高剂量治疗组,饮食治疗组及模型对照组.分别检测各组大鼠的肝指数(肝重/体重)、肝功能、血脂、血糖、肝脂、血清和肝组织中丙二醛(MDA)及肝组织学改变.[结果]肝脂复煎剂组血脂改善、肝脂显著降低(P＜0.05,＜0.01),血清和肝组织中丙二醛(MDA)显著降低(P＜0.05,＜0.01),肝组织学接近正常.饮食治疗组改善不大.[结论]肝脂复煎剂可有效地用于实验性脂肪肝的治疗.     

吡格列酮对大鼠非酒精性脂肪性肝炎干预的实验研究

目的　用吡格列酮对试验动物进行干预 ,探讨胰岛素抵抗与非酒精性脂肪性肝炎的关系。方法　雄性SD大鼠 5 0只随机分组。正常对照组喂饲普通饮食 ,高脂模型组喂饲高脂饮食 ,给药组分别在喂饲高脂饮食 4周后、9周后分别给予吡格列酮灌胃 ,并分别在 9周末及 14周末处死各组大鼠 ,测定血清转氨酶、血糖、血脂、胰岛素及FFA水平 ,观察肝组织学改变。结果　 9周后模型组大鼠呈现明显腹型肥胖 ,产生脂质代谢紊乱及胰岛素抵抗 ,肝脏出现肝细胞脂肪变性 ,给药组各项指标均有明显改善 ;14周后模型组大鼠血清转氨酶水平升高 ,肝脏出现炎细胞浸润 ,除肝组织炎症外 ,给药组其他指标均有不同程度的改善。结论　胰岛素抵抗在大鼠肝脏脂肪变的发生中起到关键作用 ,与脂肪肝发生炎症坏死关系甚密切 :吡格列酮可明显改善高脂饮食诱发大鼠肝脏的脂肪变性 ,对炎症变化作用不明显     

Increased intestinal permeability in pathogenesis and progress of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in rats

AIM: To investigate whether increased intestinal permeability contributes to the pathogenesis and progress of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis by observing its dynamic change in rat models. METHODS: Rat models of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis were established by giving a fat-rich diet. The rats were sacrificed at wk 8, 12 and 16 during the study. Rats fed with normal diet were taken as control. Plasma D-lactate, plasma diamine oxidase, serum lipids and liver transaminases were measured in blood of the femoral artery. Hepatic steatosis and inflammation were assessed by haematoxylin-eosin staining. RESULTS: A rat model of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis was established successfully. Plasma D-lactate level in model group at wk 8, 12 and 16 and diamine oxidase level in model group at wk 12, 16 increased significantly compared with those in control group. There were notable differences of D-lactate and diamine oxidase level in model group between wk 8 and 12 as well as between wk 12 and 16. Serum lipids, liver transaminases and liver injury also increased with disease development. CONCLUSION: Increased intestinal permeability caused by intestinal bacterial overgrowth and endotoxin-induced intestinal destruction exists in rats with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, which may partially explain the pathogenesis and progress of this disease.     

Amelioration of Steatohepatitis with Pentoxifylline in a Novel Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Model Induced by High-Fat Diet

We sought to evaluate the effects of pentoxifylline (PTX) on steatohepatitis in a novel experimental nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) model induced by a high-fat diet (HFD). Thirty-three male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups. The first group received only standard rat diet (control group); groups 2 (placebo group) and 3 were given HFD, ad libitum. After week 4, 0.5 mL of physiologic serum was injected subcutaneously to the placebo group and 50 mg/kg/d PTX was given intraperitoneally to the third group (group PTX). After 6 weeks all rats were humanely killed. Serum biochemistry, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), plasma, and liver tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) were analyzed. Histopathologically, steatosis, ballooning degeneration, inflammation, and fibrosis were determined. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, plasma and liver tissue MDA, and plasma TNF-α levels were significantly higher in placebo group than in the control group. Tumor growth factor-β levels, however, were comparable in the placebo and control groups. On histopathologic examination, steatosis, inflammatory cells per square millimeter, and ballooning degeneration were significantly higher in the placebo group than in the control group. No fibrosis or Mallory bodies were found in the placebo group. AST, ALT, plasma and liver tissue MDA, and plasma TNF-α levels were significantly lower in PTX group compared to the placebo group. Histopathologically, steatosis, mean number of inflammatory cells/mm² and ballooning degeneration in PTX group were also significantly lower than in the placebo group. In conclusion, PTX strikingly ameliorates steatohepatitis in this novel NASH model not only by inhibiting the TNF-α but also suppressing the oxidative stress markers.     

Isolated idiopathic bile ductular hyperplasia in patients with persistently abnormal liver function tests

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Feeding mice a methionine choline deficient (MCD) diet serves as a nutritional model of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). NASH and alcohol-induced steatohepatitis are histologically similar, suggesting a similar pathogenesis. Pentoxifylline (PTX) attenuates TNF-alpha production, acts as an antioxidant and decreases mortality in alcoholic steatohepatitis. The aim of our study is to determine if PTX attenuates MCD diet induced steatohepatitis and determine the mechanism of this effect. METHODS: Mice were placed on an MCD or control diet for 2 weeks and were treated with or without PTX. Serum ALT, liver histology, and inflammatory mechanisms were evaluated. RESULTS: PTX attenuates MCD diet induced steatohepatitis, decreasing both serum ALT levels and hepatic inflammation. Serum ALT levels were reduced approximately 50% in the MCD+PTX group compared to the MCD group. Hepatic glutathione levels were significantly higher in the MCD+PTX group compared to the MCD group. There was also a reduction in TNF-alpha mRNA in female mice treated with PTX. MCD+PTX mice had increased hepatic triglyceride content compared to the MCD mice, but less histologic evidence of inflammation despite the increased steatosis. Serum lipid and bile salt levels also were similar in PTX and vehicle control treated mice. CONCLUSIONS: PTX decreases serum ALT levels and hepatic inflammation in the MCD model of steatohepatitis, likely via increasing glutathione levels or reducing TNF-alpha expression.     

祛湿化瘀方对高脂饮食诱导的小鼠非酒精性脂肪性肝炎的防治作用

目的：观察祛湿化瘀方治疗非酒精性脂肪性肝炎（NASH）的药效。方法：12周龄C57BL／6J雄性小鼠32只．SPF级。随机分为对照饮食组（n=16）和高脂饮食组（n：16）,对照饮食组小鼠给予10％热能来源于脂肪的对照饲料,高脂饮食组小鼠给予60％热能来源于脂肪的高脂饲料。12周末,对照饮食组和高脂饮食组再分,51j随机分为正常组（N,n=8）、正常给祛湿化瘀方组（NQ,n=8）、模型组（M,n=8）、模型给祛湿化瘀方组（Q,n=8）,分别以lml／100g鼠重灌胃给予祛湿化瘀方（生药含量0．93g／m1）和灭菌饮用水,16周末取材,观察各组小鼠体重、肝组织TG、血清ALT、肝组织HE染色、油红O染色等指标的变化。结果：模型组小鼠体重明显增加,肝组织甘油三酯（TG）含量、血清丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）明显升高,肝脏HE染色见肝细胞明显的肿胀、脂肪变性和炎细胞浸润．油红O染色见肝脏显著脂滴沉着。肝脏脂肪变积分、炎症积分、气球样变积分均显著升高,并达脂肪性肝炎诊断标准。祛湿化瘀方组小鼠肝组织TG、血清ALT较模型组显著下降,同时肝脏病理组织变化改善,病理积分较模型组显著降低。结论：祛湿化瘀方能够有效防治高脂饮食诱导的C57BL／6J小鼠NASH。     

HCBP6 Is Involved in the Development of Hepatic Steatosis Induced by High-Fat Diet and CCL4 in Rats

Introduction and alm. Hepatitis C virus core-binding protein 6 (HCBP6) was previously found to be an hepatitis C virus corebinding protein, its biological function remains unclear. Our research aims to investigate the role of HCBP6 in the development of hepatic steatosis induced by high-fat diet and carbon tetrachloride (CCL4) in rats.Material and methods. Eighteen Wistar rats were randomly allocated into 3 groups: control group, model group 1, and model group 2. The control group was treated with a standard diet for 5 weeks. Model groups were treated with high-fat diet and CCL4 injection twice a week for 3 weeks in Group 1 and 5 weeks in Group 2, respectively. After the intervention, hepatic steatosis was observed by histological staining with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Oil Red O staining. Serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total cholesterol (TC), and triglycerides (TGs) were measured. The TG content in liver homogenates was evaluated. Expressions of HCBP6 and SREBP-1c were determined by immunofluorescence, quantitative real-time PCR, and Western blot analysis.Results. Hepatic steatosis was successfully induced in model groups. ALT, AST, TC, and TGs elevated in model groups compared with those in control group (P < 0.05). Hepatic steatosis induced by high-fat diet and CCL4 resulted in low expression of HCBP6 and high expression of SREBP-1c in the liver of rats (P < 0.05).Conclusion. HCBP6 is involved in the development of high-fat diet- and CCL4-induced hepatic steatosis and related negatively with SREBP-1c.     

Change of intestinal mucosa barrier function in the progress of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in rats

AIM： To explore the change of intestinal mucosa barrier function in the progress of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis （NASH） in rats. METHODS： Thirty-two Sprague-Dawley （SD） rats were randomly divided into control group and model group. Rats in the control group were given normal diet, and rats in the model group were given fat-rich diet. Eight rats in each group were killed at end of the 8th and 12th wk, respectively. The levels of endotoxin, D-xylose, TG, TC, ALT and AST, intestinal tissue SOD and MDA as well as intestinal mucus secretory IgA （sIgA） were measured. The pathology of liver was observed by HE staining. RESULTS： At end of the 8th wk, there was no marked difference in the levels of endotoxin, D-xylose and sIgA between the two groups. At end of the 12th wk, rats in the model group developed steatohepatitis and had a higher serum level of endotoxin （P = 0.01） and D-xylose （P = 0.00） and a lower serum level of sIgA （P = 0.007）. CONCLUSION： Intestinal mucosa barrier malfunction may exist in NASH rats and may be an important promoter of NASH in rats.     

非酒精性脂肪性肝炎大鼠肠道分泌液sIgA的变化

目的探讨非酒精性脂肪性肝炎形成过程中小肠分泌液sIgA和血浆内毒素水平的变化。方法 32只SD大鼠随机均分为对照组和模型组,对照组用普通饲料喂养,模型组通过高脂饮食建立大鼠非酒精性脂肪性肝炎（non-alcoholic steatohepatitis,NASH）模型,并分别在8、12周末处死每组大鼠各8只,测定大鼠小肠分泌液中sIgA的水平和门静脉血浆中内毒素水平,测定小肠组织匀浆中SOD的活性和MDA的含量,并测定大鼠血清中TG、TC、ALT、AST,HE染色观察肝脏病理改变。结果 8、12周模型组较正常对照组大鼠血清TC、ALT、AST明显升高（P〈0.05）,肝脏病理分别表现为单纯性脂肪肝、脂肪性肝炎。8周末时模型组大鼠门静脉血浆中内毒素、小肠分泌液中sIgA的水平与对照组相比无明显变化（P〉0.05）;12周末大鼠NASH阶段与对照组相比小肠分泌液中sIgA的水平明显降低（P〈0.05）,门静脉血浆中内毒素水平与对照组相比明显升高（P〈0.05）。并且门静脉血浆内毒素水平与小肠分泌液中sIgA水平呈负相关（r=-0.873,P〈0.05）。8、12周末时模型组大鼠小肠组织匀浆中SOD活性明显降低,MDA含量明显升高（P〈0.05）。结论非酒精性脂肪性肝炎形成过程中小肠分泌液中sIgA明显降低,说明肠道免疫屏障受损,并且可能与肠道脂质过氧化增强有关,可能是NASH发生发展的重要发病机制之一。     

理气化痰祛瘀法对非酒精性脂肪性肝炎大鼠脂肪细胞因子表达的影响

[目的]观察理气化痰祛瘀中药对高脂饮食诱导的非酒精性脂肪性肝炎（NASH）大鼠肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）、白细胞介素6（IL-6）、瘦素（1eptin）及其肝组织mRNA水平的影响，探讨其防治NASH的作用机制。[方法]以高脂饮食喂养Wistar大鼠12周，建立大鼠NASH模型，同时以不同剂量的理气化痰祛瘀法中药干预12周，测定大鼠血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、天冬氨酸转氨酶（AST）及游离脂肪酸（FFA）水平，观察肝组织的病理改变，原位杂交技术检测肝组织TNF-α、IL-6、leptinmRNA表达，放免法测定血清TNF-α、IL-6、leptin水平。[结果]NASH大鼠血清ALT、AST、FFA、TNF-α、IL-6、leptin水平较正常大鼠显著升高，肝组织TNF-α、IL-6和leptinmRNA表达显著增强，理气化痰祛瘀法中药能显著改善NASH大鼠肝组织炎症活动程度，显著降低ALT、AST、FFA、TNF-a、IL-6、leptin水平和肝组织TNF-α、IL-6、leptinmRNA表达。[结论]TNF-α、IL-6、leptin参与高脂饮食诱导的大鼠NASH的发生，理气化痰祛瘀中药能调节TNF-α、IL-6、leptin的分泌，防止NASH的进一步发展。     

大鼠非酒精性脂肪肝中UCP2的动态表达

目的探讨解偶联蛋-2(uncoupling protein-2,UCP2)在大鼠非酒精性脂肪肝发病机理中的作用.方法Wistar大鼠64只,随机分为高脂饮食诱导脂肪肝组和正常对照组,用免疫组织化学和Western blot技术检测肝组织中UCP2表达变化,生化检测大鼠血清甘油三酯(TG)、游离脂肪酸(FAA)和丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)含量.结果大鼠非酒精性脂肪形成过程中UCP2阳性细胞数和表达强度逐渐增加,血清TG、FAA和ALT含量较对照组增高,以高脂饮食喂养8、12周为著.结论随着非酒精性脂肪的形成和程度加重,UCP2表达逐渐增强,其介导的酶活性显著增高,启动脂质过氧化反应,促进脂肪肝的形成和发展.     

非酒精性脂肪性肝病大鼠肝脏解偶联蛋白2表达及其与能量贮备的关系

目的探讨非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)大鼠肝脏线粒体解偶联蛋白2(UCP2)表达及其与能量贮备的关系。方法模型组SD大鼠给予高脂肪高胆固醇饮食饲养,分批于实验第8、12、16、24 周处死,同期设普通饮食饲养大鼠作对照。免疫组织化学和逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)检测肝脏UCP2 mRNA转录及其蛋白表达。荧光测定法检测肝脏三磷酸腺苷(ATP)含量。结果模型组大鼠8周呈现单纯性脂肪肝,12-24周从脂肪性肝炎进展为脂肪性肝炎伴肝纤维化。免疫组织化学和RT-PCR显示,随着造模时间延长,模型组肝脏UCP2表达逐渐增强,UCP mRNA转录于24周达高峰,较对照组升高4.2倍, t=16.474,P<0.01;模型组肝脏ATP含量则随造模时间延长而逐渐减低,24周为(1.99±0.66) ×108μmol/g,对照组为(2.97±0.48)×108μmol/g,t=3.248,P<0.01。模型组肝脏UCP2 mRNA 转录的相对数值与其ATP含量呈密切负相关,r=-0.93,P<0.01。结论持续24周高脂饮食成功复制大鼠NAFLD模型,模型大鼠肝脏UCP2表达增强而ATP含量减少,两者之间关系密切。